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Singh E, Shivwanshi LR, Kumar A. A positive correlation between mutated gene of sickle cell anemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase among gond tribes of Chhattisgarh, India. Mutat Res 2024; 828:111849. [PMID: 38134753 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2023.111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy affecting millions of individuals worldwide. It is believed that the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in different ethnic populations increases its association with other pathological conditions especially sickle cell anemia (SCA), as they both are well-known adaptations against malaria. Thus, the present study aims to determine the frequency of G6PD deficiency among SCA patients and the association between them in the tribal community (Gond) of Chhattisgarh, India. METHOD A total of 810 samples from three different age groups i.e., 10-20, 21-30, and 31-40 years were collected from the tribal community (Gond) of Kabirdham district of Chhattisgarh. The frequency of SCA was determined by a slide test followed by cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis and G6PD deficiency by methemoglobin reduction test. Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) gene polymorphism in sickle celled individuals and variant analysis in G6PD deficient individuals were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS The frequency of SCA and G6PD deficiency was reported at 9.75% and 17.16% respectively and a high degree of positive correlation between SCA and G6PD deficiency was also found (HbSS-G6PD deficient: r = 0.84, p = .356; HbAS-G6PD deficient: r = 0.89, p = .345). Results of the GST gene revealed that GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes are present in almost all sickled individuals while GSTP1 and GSTP1a exist in the mutated form in a maximum percentage of individuals. G6PD variant analysis also showed that 70% and 60% of individuals have mutated Mahidol and Union variants respectively, while none of the individuals have mutated Chinese variants. CONCLUSION A high degree of correlation between SCA and G6PD was reported among Gond tribes of Chhattisgarh, India with a high degree of mutated GSTP1, GSTP1a, Mahidol, and Union variants. The study makes it possible to take specific preventive measures concerning the medication of anti-oxidizing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology,Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India
| | - Lohit Raj Shivwanshi
- Department of Biotechnology,Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology,Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India.
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2
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Kirkham JK, Estepp JH, Weiss MJ, Rashkin SR. Genetic Variation and Sickle Cell Disease Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2337484. [PMID: 37851445 PMCID: PMC10585422 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic disorder, yet clinical outcomes are influenced by additional genetic factors. Despite decades of research, the genetics of SCD remain poorly understood. Objective To assess all reported genetic modifiers of SCD, evaluate the design of associated studies, and provide guidelines for future analyses according to modern genetic study recommendations. Data Sources PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched through May 16, 2023, identifying 5290 publications. Study Selection At least 2 reviewers identified 571 original, peer-reviewed English-language publications reporting genetic modifiers of human SCD phenotypes, wherein the outcome was not treatment response, and the comparison was not between SCD subtypes or including healthy controls. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data relevant to all genetic modifiers of SCD were extracted, evaluated, and presented following STREGA and PRISMA guidelines. Weighted z score meta-analyses and pathway analyses were conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes were aggregated into 25 categories, grouped as acute complications, chronic conditions, hematologic parameters or biomarkers, and general or mixed measures of SCD severity. Results The 571 included studies reported on 29 670 unique individuals (50% ≤ 18 years of age) from 43 countries. Of the 17 757 extracted results (4890 significant) in 1552 genes, 3675 results met the study criteria for meta-analysis: reported phenotype and genotype, association size and direction, variability measure, sample size, and statistical test. Only 173 results for 62 associations could be cross-study combined. The remaining associations could not be aggregated because they were only reported once or methods (eg, study design, reporting practice) and genotype or phenotype definitions were insufficiently harmonized. Gene variants regulating fetal hemoglobin and α-thalassemia (important markers for SCD severity) were frequently identified: 19 single-nucleotide variants in BCL11A, HBS1L-MYB, and HBG2 were significantly associated with fetal hemoglobin (absolute value of Z = 4.00 to 20.66; P = 8.63 × 10-95 to 6.19 × 10-5), and α-thalassemia deletions were significantly associated with increased hemoglobin level and reduced risk of albuminuria, abnormal transcranial Doppler velocity, and stroke (absolute value of Z = 3.43 to 5.16; P = 2.42 × 10-7 to 6.00 × 10-4). However, other associations remain unconfirmed. Pathway analyses of significant genes highlighted the importance of cellular adhesion, inflammation, oxidative and toxic stress, and blood vessel regulation in SCD (23 of the top 25 Gene Ontology pathways involve these processes) and suggested future research areas. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of all published genetic modifiers of SCD indicated that implementation of standardized phenotypes, statistical methods, and reporting practices should accelerate discovery and validation of genetic modifiers and development of clinically actionable genetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin K. Kirkham
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jeremie H. Estepp
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- Now with Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mitch J. Weiss
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sara R. Rashkin
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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3
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Levy R, Le TH. Role of GSTM1 in Hypertension, CKD, and Related Diseases across the Life Span. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:2153-2163. [PMID: 36591365 PMCID: PMC9802555 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0004552022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Over 20 years after the introduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, CKD remains a major public health burden with limited therapeutic options to halt or slow kidney disease progression at all ages. The consensus is that oxidative stress contributes to CKD development and progression. Yet, to date, there is no clear evidence that broad use of antioxidant therapy provides a beneficial effect in CKD. Understanding the specific pathophysiologic mechanisms in those who are genetically most susceptible to oxidative stress is a crucial step to inform therapy in an individualized medicine approach, considering differing exposures and risks across the life span. Glutathione-S-transferase μ 1 (GSTM1) is a phase 2 enzyme involved in inactivation of reactive oxygen species and metabolism of xenobiotics. In particular, those with the highly prevalent GSTM1 null genotype (GSTM1[0/0]) may be more susceptible to kidney disease progression, due to impaired capacity to handle the increased oxidative stress burden in disease states, and might specifically benefit from therapy that targets the redox imbalance mediated by loss of the GSTM1 enzyme. In this review, we will discuss the studies implicating the role of GSTM1 deficiency in kidney and related diseases from experimental rodent models to humans, from the prenatal period through senescence, and the potential underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Levy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Thu H. Le
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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4
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Hamdy M, Shaheen I, Seif El Din H, Ali B, Abdel Dayem O. Klotho Level as a Marker of Low Bone Mineral Density in Egyptian Sickle Cell Disease Patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e40-e45. [PMID: 34054039 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bone involvement of sickle cell disease (SCD) patients varies from acute clinical manifestations of painful vaso-occlusive crises or osteomyelitis to more chronic affection of bone mineral density (BMD) and debilitating osteonecrosis and osteoporosis. Secreted klotho protein is involved in calcium (Ca) reabsorption in the kidney. This study aimed to measure serum klotho levels in children with SCD to determine the possibility of using it as a marker of low BMD in children with SCD in correlation with a dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry scan. This study included 60 sickle disease patients and 30 age-matched and sex-matched control participants without SCD. A highly statistically significant difference was found between patients with normal BMD and those with low BMD, with serum Ca and klotho levels being lower in the latter group. Klotho serum level correlated positively with both serum Ca and BMD. Serum klotho level showed 94.9% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity in the detection of low BMD. Both serum Ca and klotho serum levels may be useful markers for detection of low BMD related to SCD with high sensitivity and specificity; however, klotho may be a better indicator as it is less affected by the nutritional and endocrinal status of patients or by intake of Ca supplements.
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5
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Kringel D, Malkusch S, Kalso E, Lötsch J. Computational Functional Genomics-Based AmpliSeq™ Panel for Next-Generation Sequencing of Key Genes of Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020878. [PMID: 33467215 PMCID: PMC7830224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic background of pain is becoming increasingly well understood, which opens up possibilities for predicting the individual risk of persistent pain and the use of tailored therapies adapted to the variant pattern of the patient's pain-relevant genes. The individual variant pattern of pain-relevant genes is accessible via next-generation sequencing, although the analysis of all "pain genes" would be expensive. Here, we report on the development of a cost-effective next generation sequencing-based pain-genotyping assay comprising the development of a customized AmpliSeq™ panel and bioinformatics approaches that condensate the genetic information of pain by identifying the most representative genes. The panel includes 29 key genes that have been shown to cover 70% of the biological functions exerted by a list of 540 so-called "pain genes" derived from transgenic mice experiments. These were supplemented by 43 additional genes that had been independently proposed as relevant for persistent pain. The functional genomics covered by the resulting 72 genes is particularly represented by mitogen-activated protein kinase of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cytokine production and secretion. The present genotyping assay was established in 61 subjects of Caucasian ethnicity and investigates the functional role of the selected genes in the context of the known genetic architecture of pain without seeking functional associations for pain. The assay identified a total of 691 genetic variants, of which many have reports for a clinical relevance for pain or in another context. The assay is applicable for small to large-scale experimental setups at contemporary genotyping costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kringel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Sebastian Malkusch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jörn Lötsch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-4589; Fax: +49-69-6301-4354
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6
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Verma HK, Swarnakar S, L.V.K.S. B. Genetic association of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms with sickle cell disease complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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7
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L-Selectin P213S and Integrin Alpha 2 C807T Genetic Polymorphisms in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease Patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2020; 42:e707-e711. [PMID: 32433445 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy characterized by increased cellular adhesiveness. Vaso-occlusion (VOC) is the most prevalent disease complication of SCD that could be altered by genetic factors. L-Selectin and integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2) are 2 adhesion molecules linked to vasculopathy and inflammation. The current study aimed at detecting the prevalence of genetic variants of L-selectin and ITGA2 as possible molecular modulators and novel therapeutic targets in a cohort of pediatric SCD patients. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technique for 100 SCD patients and 100 age and gender-matched unrelated healthy controls. The homomutant genotype of ITGA2 C807T was significantly higher in SCD patients compared with controls (P=0.001) and confirmed almost a 3-fold increased risk of moderate and severe attacks of VOC. There are significant adverse effects caused by the polymorphisms of ITGA2, and hence Egyptian SCD patients could benefit from the targeted therapies specifically against ITGA2 to ameliorate the severe course of the disease and improve the quality of life. However, further studies of genotypes and expression levels of these adhesion molecules during the attacks of VOC are recommended.
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Radouani F, Zass L, Hamdi Y, Rocha JD, Sallam R, Abdelhak S, Ahmed S, Azzouzi M, Benamri I, Benkahla A, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Chaouch M, Jmel H, Kefi R, Ksouri A, Kumuthini J, Masilela P, Masimirembwa C, Othman H, Panji S, Romdhane L, Samtal C, Sibira R, Ghedira K, Fadlelmola F, Kassim SK, Mulder N. A review of clinical pharmacogenetics Studies in African populations. Per Med 2020; 17:155-170. [PMID: 32125935 PMCID: PMC8093600 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Effective interventions and treatments for complex diseases have been implemented globally, however, coverage in Africa has been comparatively lower due to lack of capacity, clinical applicability and knowledge on the genetic contribution to disease and treatment. Currently, there is a scarcity of genetic data on African populations, which have enormous genetic diversity. Pharmacogenomics studies have the potential to revolutionise treatment of diseases, therefore, African populations are likely to benefit from these approaches to identify likely responders, reduce adverse side effects and optimise drug dosing. This review discusses clinical pharmacogenetics studies conducted in African populations, focusing on studies that examined drug response in complex diseases relevant to healthcare. Several pharmacogenetics associations have emerged from African studies, as have gaps in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Radouani
- Research Department, Chlamydiae & Mycoplasmas Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Lyndon Zass
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, CIDRI Africa Wellcome Trust Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisie
| | - Jorge da Rocha
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Reem Sallam
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbaseya, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisie
| | - Samah Ahmed
- Centre for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, 321 Khartoum, Sudan.,Faculty of Clinical & Industrial Pharmacy, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Maryame Azzouzi
- Research Department, Chlamydiae & Mycoplasmas Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Ichrak Benamri
- Research Department, Chlamydiae & Mycoplasmas Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca 20360, Morocco.,Systems & Data Engineering Team, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Morocco
| | - Alia Benkahla
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics & Biostatistics LR 16 IPT 09, Institute Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms & Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis Belvedere- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Melek Chaouch
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics & Biostatistics LR 16 IPT 09, Institute Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Jmel
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisie
| | - Rym Kefi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisie
| | - Ayoub Ksouri
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics & Biostatistics LR 16 IPT 09, Institute Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Venoms & Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Tunis Belvedere- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Judit Kumuthini
- H3ABioNet, Bioinformatics Department, Centre for Proteomic & Genomic Research, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Phumlani Masilela
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, CIDRI Africa Wellcome Trust Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collen Masimirembwa
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,DMPK Department, African Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Houcemeddine Othman
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sumir Panji
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, CIDRI Africa Wellcome Trust Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisie.,Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, BP 21, Tunisie
| | - Chaimae Samtal
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.,Department of Biology, University of Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.,Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Rania Sibira
- Centre for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, 321 Khartoum, Sudan.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Center For Neurological Sciences, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Kais Ghedira
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics & Biostatistics LR 16 IPT 09, Institute Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Faisal Fadlelmola
- Centre for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, 321 Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Samar Kamal Kassim
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbaseya, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Nicola Mulder
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, CIDRI Africa Wellcome Trust Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Shivwanshi LR, Singh E, Kumar A. A positive correlation between sickle cell anemia and g6pd deficiency from population of Chhattisgarh, India. Gene 2019; 707:143-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Liu FF, Tu TT, Zhang HF, Hu F, Huang L, Deng LF, Guo M, Wei Q, Li K. Coexpression network analysis of platelet genes in sickle cell disease. Platelets 2019; 30:1022-1029. [PMID: 30663491 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1562170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Platelets play important roles in vascular health. Activation of platelet may contribute to coagulation and inflammation. Evidence suggests circulating platelets are chronically activated in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients with steady state and further activated in vaso-occlusive crisis. However, the molecular basis of sickle platelet dysfunction remains obscure. Here, we used weighted gene coexpression network analysis combined with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis to further investigate this basis. We found 57 DEGs were closely related to platelet dysfunction in SCD. Enrichment analysis showed that these 57 genes were mostly related to protein synthesis, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase activity and inflammation, suggesting a hyperactivation status of platelets in SCD. We identified six hub genes from the 57 DEGs according to their Gene Significance value ranking, including CRYM, CCT6P1, SUCNR1, PRKAB2, GSTM3 and FCGR2C. Altogether, our results offered some new insight into platelet activation and identified novel potential targets for antiplatelet therapy in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Tong-Tao Tu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R.China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Lin-Feng Deng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Mao Guo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China
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11
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Kolliopoulou A, Stratopoulos A, Siamoglou S, Sgourou A, Ali BR, Papachatzopoulou A, Katsila T, Patrinos GP. Key Pharmacogenomic Considerations for Sickle Cell Disease Patients. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2017; 21:314-322. [PMID: 28486096 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD), although a monogenic disease, exhibits a complex clinical phenotype that hampers optimum patient stratification and disease management, especially on hydroxyurea treatment. Moreover, theranostics, the combination of diagnostics to individualize and optimize therapeutic interventions, has not been firmly on the forefront of SCD research and clinical management to date. We suggest that if tailor-made theranostics in SCD is envisaged, pharmacogenomics is anticipated to be the way forward. Herein, we present the current key pharmacogenomic opportunities and challenges in SCD, considering population variation, ethics, and socioeconomic aspects. We focus on pharmacogenomics and pain management, genethics, and cost-effectiveness in SCD. We searched for and synthesized data from PubMed and Google Scholar, and the references from relevant articles, using the keywords "pharmacogenomics," "sickle cell disease," "hydroxyurea," "ethics," "pain management," "morphine metabolism," "opioids," "pharmacogenomics and chronic pain," "cost-effectiveness," and "economic evaluation." Only articles published in English were included. So far, when pharmacogenomics in SCD has been considered, interindividual variability in hydroxyurea response/toxicity has been of primary interest. We underscore the need to extend pharmacogenomic considerations on other therapeutic interventions currently present using a holistic patient-centric approach, and taking disease complications into account as well. Furthermore, we raise awareness toward socioeconomic, ethical, and population differences in the way sickle cell pharmacogenomics might unfold in the future. If pharmacogenomics in SCD is to be used in the clinic in an evidence-based manner, cost-effectiveness and population-specific empirical ethics data are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kolliopoulou
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras , Patras, Greece
| | - Apostolos Stratopoulos
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras , Patras, Greece
| | - Stavroula Siamoglou
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras , Patras, Greece
| | | | - Bassam R Ali
- 3 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Theodora Katsila
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras , Patras, Greece
| | - George P Patrinos
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras , Patras, Greece .,3 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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12
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Abu-Duhier F, Mir R. GSTT1 (rs4025935) null genotype is associated with increased risk of sickle cell disease in the populations of Tabuk-Northwestern region of Saudi Arabia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:172-177. [PMID: 27885941 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1201631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione system plays an important role in the protection of cells and tissue against damage from oxidative stress. Impairment of the glutathione system due to genetic polymorphism of GST genes may increase the risk and severity of sickle cell disease (SCD). Present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the relative impact of the genetic polymorphism of GSTT1 and GSTM1 (rs4025935 and rs71748309) on susceptibility and hematological aspects of the patients with SCD. METHODS Present study included 100 patients with SCD and 200 healthy controls from northwestern region of Saudi Arabia. GSTM1 and GSTT1 (rs4025935 and rs71748309) genotypes were investigated by using single-tube multiplex PCR technique. RESULTS It was observed that patients with SCD possessed significantly higher frequency of GSTT1 null genotype (26%) than healthy controls (15%), (P = 0.00001). Compared to the presence of GSTT1 genotype, the OR for the GSTT1 null genotype were estimated to be 4.3 (2.17-8.64, P = 0.00001). However, such association was not observed with respect to the presence of GSTM1 null genotype. In addition, it was observed that SCD in patients with GSTT1 genotype, the mean percentage levels for HbF and HbS were 0.48 and 35.4%, respectively; however, among SCD patients with GSTT1 null genotype, the mean percentage levels were significantly higher 1.62% (P = 0.004) and 39.38% (P = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION GSTT1 null genotype is significantly associated with increased risk of SCD among the population of northwestern region of Saudi Arabia. In addition, it may be one of the important factors responsible for hematological manifestations of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisel Abu-Duhier
- a Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , University of Tabuk , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Mir
- a Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , University of Tabuk , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mnika K, Pule GD, Dandara C, Wonkam A. An Expert Review of Pharmacogenomics of Sickle Cell Disease Therapeutics: Not Yet Ready for Global Precision Medicine. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2016; 20:565-574. [PMID: 27636225 PMCID: PMC5067801 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2016.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a blood disease caused by a single nucleotide substitution (T > A) in the beta globin gene on chromosome 11. The single point mutation (Glu6Val) promotes polymerization of hemoglobin S (HbS) and causes sickling of erythrocytes. Vaso-occlusive painful crises are associated with recurrent and long-term use of analgesics/opioids and hydroxyurea (HU) by people living with SCD. The present analysis offers a state-of-the-art expert review of the effectiveness of pharmacogenomics/genetics of pain management in SCD, with specific focus on HU and opioids. The literature search used the following keywords: SCD, pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics, pain, antalgics, opioids, morphine, and HU. The literature was scanned until March 2016, with specific inclusion of targeted landmark and background articles on SCD. Surprisingly, our review identified only a limited number of studies that addressed the genetic/genomic basis of variable responses to pain (e.g., variants in OPRM1, HMOX-1, GCH1, VEGFA COMT genes), and pharmacogenomics of antalgics and opioids (e.g., variants in OPRM1, STAT6, ABCB1, and COMT genes) in SCD. There has been greater progress made toward identifying the key genomic variants, mainly in BCL11A, HBS1L-MYB, or SAR1, which contribute to response to HU treatment. However, the complete picture on pharmacogenomic determinants of the above therapeutic phenotypes remains elusive. Strikingly, no study has been conducted in sub-Saharan Africa where majority of the patients with SCD live. This alerts the broader global life sciences community toward the existing disparities in optimal and ethical targeting of research and innovation investments for SCD specifically and precision medicine and pharmacology research broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuthala Mnika
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Gift D. Pule
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
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Ragab SM, Badr EA, Ibrahim AS. Evaluation of Glutathione-S-Transferase P1 Polymorphism and its Relation to Bone Mineral Density in Egyptian Children and Adolescents with Beta-Thalassemia Major. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2016; 8:e2016004. [PMID: 26740865 PMCID: PMC4696466 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2016.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a major complication of beta thalassemia major (TM). Increased oxidative stress and its controlling genes were linked to osteoporosis. Ile105 Val variant is a functional polymorphism of Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), with reduced anti-oxidative property. No data are available about this variant or its association with osteoporosis among thalassemia patients yet. OBJECTIVES To investigate Ile105Val polymorphism and its possible association with bone mineral density (BMD) values in a group of TM children. METHODS Thirty five TM children and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls were included. Liver and renal functions, serum ferritin, calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were assayed. BMD was determined by DXA with calculation of Z-scores at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). Height for age Z- score (HAZ) adjusted BMD Z-scores were calculated. GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The relative frequency of 105 Val allele was significantly higher in TM patients than the controls (p<0.0001). Significant association between genotype subgroups and BMD parameters was detected. Compared to wild homozygotes, polymorphic homozygotes had lower LS-BMD (p =0.029), LS-BMD Z -score (p=0.008 ), LS- BMD haz - Z-score (p=0.011), FN- BMD (p= 0.001), FN- BMD Z -score (p=0.02) and FN-BMD haz - Z-score (p=0.001). They exhibited higher osteocalcin levels compared to heterozygotes and wild homozygotes (p=0.012, p=0.013, respectively). CONCLUSION Ile105Val polymorphism was frequent among TM patients and could increase their susceptibility to reduced BMD. Large sample studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham M. Ragab
- Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, NaserStreet, Shebeen El-koom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Badr
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, NaserStreet, Shebeen El-koom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Ibrahim
- Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, NaserStreet, Shebeen El-koom, Menoufia, Egypt
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