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Godina C, Khazaei S, Belting M, Vallon-Christersson J, Nodin B, Jirström K, Isaksson K, Bosch A, Jernström H. High Caveolin-1 mRNA expression in triple-negative breast cancer is associated with an aggressive tumor microenvironment, chemoresistance, and poor clinical outcome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305222. [PMID: 38959243 PMCID: PMC11221642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are few treatment-predictive and prognostic biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is linked to chemoresistance and several important processes involved in tumor progression and metastasis, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Herein, we report that high CAV1 gene expression is an independent factor of poor prognosis in TNBC. METHODS CAV1 gene expression was compared across different molecular features (e.g., PAM50 subtypes). CAV1 expression was assessed in relation to clinical outcomes using Cox regression adjusted for clinicopathological predictors. Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses were applied to compare high- and low-expressing CAV1 tumors. Tumor microenvironment composition of high- and low-expressing CAV1 tumors was estimated using ECOTYPER. Tumor tissue microarrays were used to evaluate CAV1 protein levels in stromal and malignant cells. RESULTS In the SCAN-B (n = 525) and GSE31519 (n = 327) cohorts, patients with CAV1-high tumors had an increased incidence of early recurrence adjusted HR 1.78 (95% CI 1.12-2.81) and 2.20 (95% CI 1.39-3.47), respectively. In further analysis, high CAV1 gene expression was associated with a molecular profile indicating altered metabolism, neovascularization, chemoresistance, EMT, suppressed immune response, and active tumor microenvironment. Protein levels of CAV1 in malignant and stromal cells were not correlated with CAV1 gene expression. CONCLUSION CAV1 gene expression in TNBC is a biomarker that merits further investigation in clinical trials and as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Godina
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Somayeh Khazaei
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Vallon-Christersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Therapeutic Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Therapeutic Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin Isaksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Lund University and Kristianstad Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Ana Bosch
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Godina C, Belting M, Vallon-Christersson J, Isaksson K, Bosch A, Jernström H. Caveolin-1 gene expression provides additional prognostic information combined with PAM50 risk of recurrence (ROR) score in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6675. [PMID: 38509243 PMCID: PMC10954762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining information from the tumor microenvironment (TME) with PAM50 Risk of Recurrence (ROR) score could improve breast cancer prognostication. Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a marker of an active TME. CAV1 is a membrane protein involved in cell signaling, extracellular matrix organization, and tumor-stroma interactions. We sought to investigate CAV1 gene expression in relation to PAM50 subtypes, ROR score, and their joint prognostic impact. CAV1 expression was compared between PAM50 subtypes and ROR categories in two cohorts (SCAN-B, n = 5326 and METABRIC, n = 1980). CAV1 expression was assessed in relation to clinical outcomes using Cox regression and adjusted for clinicopathological predictors. Effect modifications between CAV1 expression and ROR categories on clinical outcome were investigated using multiplicative and additive two-way interaction analyses. Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses were applied to compare high and low expressing CAV1 tumors. All samples expressed CAV1 with the highest expression in the Normal-like subtype. Gene modules consistent with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia, and stromal activation were associated with high CAV1 expression. CAV1 expression was inversely associated with ROR category. Interactions between CAV1 expression and ROR categories were observed in both cohorts. High expressing CAV1 tumors conferred worse prognosis only within the group classified as ROR high. ROR gave markedly different prognostic information depending on the underlying CAV1 expression. CAV1, a potential mediator between the malignant cells and TME, could be a useful biomarker that enhances and further refines PAM50 ROR risk stratification in patients with ROR high tumors and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Godina
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Skåne, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Vallon-Christersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin Isaksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Lund University and Kristianstad Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Ana Bosch
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Skåne, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
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3
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Zakic T, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Cvoro A, Korac A, Jankovic A, Korac B. Redox and metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue. FEBS Lett 2023. [PMID: 38140817 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Redox and metabolic processes are tightly coupled in both physiological and pathological conditions. In cancer, their integration occurs at multiple levels and is characterized by synchronized reprogramming both in the tumor tissue and its specific but heterogeneous microenvironment. In breast cancer, the principal microenvironment is the cancer-associated adipose tissue (CAAT). Understanding how the redox-metabolic reprogramming becomes coordinated in human breast cancer is imperative both for cancer prevention and for the establishment of new therapeutic approaches. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the redox profiles and regulation of intermediary metabolism in breast cancer while considering the tumor and CAAT of breast cancer as a unique Warburg's pseudo-organ. As cancer is now recognized as a systemic metabolic disease, we have paid particular attention to the cell-specific redox-metabolic reprogramming and the roles of estrogen receptors and circadian rhythms, as well as their crosstalk in the development, growth, progression, and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Zakic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bato Korac
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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4
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Yuan J, Fu Y, Liu Y. Identification of hub genes and drug candidates for NF2-related vestibular schwannoma by bioinformatics tools. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36696. [PMID: 38115252 PMCID: PMC10727542 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-related vestibular schwannoma (NF2-VS) is a rare genetic disorder that results in bilateral acoustic neuromas. However, the exact pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. This study aims to use bioinformatics analyses to identify potential hub genes and therapeutic. We retrieved the mRNA expression profiles (GSE108524 and GSE141801) of NF2-VS from the database, and selected the leading 25% genes with the most variance across samples for weighted correlation network analysis. Subsequently, we conducted gene ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling network enrichment analyses. The STRING database was employed for protein-protein interaction (PPI) axis construction. The mRNA-miRNA modulatory network was generated via the miRTarBase database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via the R package "limma" in both datasets, and hub genes were screened via intersection of common DEGs, candidate hub genes from the PPI axis, and candidate hub genes from the key module. Finally, common DEGs were uploaded onto the connectivity map database to determine drug candidates. Based on our observations, the blue module exhibited the most significant relation to NF2-VS, and it included the NF2 gene. Using enrichment analysis, we demonstrated that the blue modules were intricately linked to modulations of cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, junction, and actin skeleton. Overall, 356 common DEGs were screened in both datasets, and 33 genes carrying a degree > 15 were chosen as candidate hub genes in the PPI axis. Subsequently, 4 genes, namely, GLUL, CAV1, MYH11, and CCND1 were recognized as real hub genes. In addition, 10 drugs with enrichment scores < -0.7 were identified as drug candidates. Our conclusions offered a novel insight into the potential underlying mechanisms behind NF2-VS. These findings may facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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5
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Lee S, Son JY, Lee J, Cheong H. Unraveling the Intricacies of Autophagy and Mitophagy: Implications in Cancer Biology. Cells 2023; 12:2742. [PMID: 38067169 PMCID: PMC10706449 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential lysosome-mediated degradation pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis and viability in response to various intra- and extracellular stresses. Mitophagy is a type of autophagy that is involved in the intricate removal of dysfunctional mitochondria during conditions of metabolic stress. In this review, we describe the multifaceted roles of autophagy and mitophagy in normal physiology and the field of cancer biology. Autophagy and mitophagy exhibit dual context-dependent roles in cancer development, acting as tumor suppressors and promoters. We also discuss the important role of autophagy and mitophagy within the cancer microenvironment and how autophagy and mitophagy influence tumor host-cell interactions to overcome metabolic deficiencies and sustain the activity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in a stromal environment. Finally, we explore the dynamic interplay between autophagy and the immune response in tumors, indicating their potential as immunomodulatory targets in cancer therapy. As the field of autophagy and mitophagy continues to evolve, this comprehensive review provides insights into their important roles in cancer and cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Lee
- Branch of Molecular Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-Y.S.)
| | - Ji-Yoon Son
- Branch of Molecular Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-Y.S.)
| | - Jinkyung Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science & Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heesun Cheong
- Branch of Molecular Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-Y.S.)
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science & Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea;
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6
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D’Alessio A. Unraveling the Cave: A Seventy-Year Journey into the Caveolar Network, Cellular Signaling, and Human Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2680. [PMID: 38067108 PMCID: PMC10705299 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1950s, a groundbreaking discovery revealed the fascinating presence of caveolae, referred to as flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, sparking renewed excitement in the field of cell biology. Caveolae are small, flask-shaped invaginations in the cell membrane that play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes, including endocytosis, lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction. The structural stability and functionality of these specialized membrane microdomains are attributed to the coordinated activity of scaffolding proteins, including caveolins and cavins. While caveolae and caveolins have been long appreciated for their integral roles in cellular physiology, the accumulating scientific evidence throughout the years reaffirms their association with a broad spectrum of human disorders. This review article aims to offer a thorough account of the historical advancements in caveolae research, spanning from their initial discovery to the recognition of caveolin family proteins and their intricate contributions to cellular functions. Furthermore, it will examine the consequences of a dysfunctional caveolar network in the development of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio D’Alessio
- Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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7
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Duarte Mendes A, Freitas AR, Vicente R, Vitorino M, Vaz Batista M, Silva M, Braga S. Adipocyte Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer: A Critical Contributor? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16589. [PMID: 38068912 PMCID: PMC10706733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies and has low survival rates. One of the main determinants of this unfavorable prognosis is the high rate of peritoneal metastasis at diagnosis, closely related to its morbidity and mortality. The mechanism underlying peritoneal carcinomatosis is not clearly defined, but a clear preference for omental spread has been described. Growing evidence suggests that adipose tissue plays a role in promoting cancer onset and progression. Moreover, obesity can lead to changes in the original functions of adipocytes, resulting in metabolic and inflammatory changes in the adipose tissue microenvironment, potentially increasing the risk of tumor growth. However, the specific roles of adipocytes in ovarian cancer have not yet been fully elucidated. Due to the undeniable link between obesity and cancer, the adipose tissue microenvironment could also present a promising therapeutic target that warrants further research. This review discusses the complex relationship between ovarian cancer and the adipose tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Duarte Mendes
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Ana Rita Freitas
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Vicente
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Marina Vitorino
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Marta Vaz Batista
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Haematology and Oncology Department, CUF Oncology 2710-204 Sintra, Portugal
| | - Michelle Silva
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sofia Braga
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal; (A.R.F.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (M.V.B.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Haematology and Oncology Department, CUF Oncology 2710-204 Sintra, Portugal
- Haematology and Oncology Department, CUF Oncology, 1998-018 Lisbon, Portugal
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8
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Tan Y, Song Q. Research trends and hotspots on the links between caveolin and cancer: bibliometric and visual analysis from 2003 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1237456. [PMID: 37576808 PMCID: PMC10416243 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1237456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Extensive studies indicated that caveolin is a key regulator in multiple cellular processes. Recently, growing evidence demonstrated that caveolin is critically involved in tumor progression. Since no relevant bibliometric study has been published, we performed a bibliometric and visual analysis to depict the knowledge framework of research related to the involvement of caveolin in cancer. Methods: Relevant studies published in English during 2003-2022 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Three programs (VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometrix) and the website of bibliometrics (http://bibliometric.com/) were applied to construct networks based on the analysis of countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. Results: A total of 2,463 documents were extracted and identified. The United States had the greatest number of publications and total citations, and Thomas Jefferson University was the most productive institution. Michael P. Lisanti was the most influential scholar in this research domain. Cell Cycle was the journal with the most publications on this subject. The most local-cited document was the article titled "Caveolin-1 in oncogenic transformation, cancer, and metastasis." A comprehensive analysis has been conducted based on keywords and cited references. Initially, the research frontiers were predominantly "signal transduction", "human breast cancer," "oncogenically transformed cells," "tumor suppressor gene," and "fibroblasts." While in recent years, the research emphasis has shifted to "tumor microenvironment," "epithelial mesenchymal transition," "nanoparticles," and "stem cells." Conclusion: Taken together, our bibliometric analysis shows that caveolin continues to be of interest in cancer research. The hotspots and research frontiers have evolved from the regulation of cancer signaling, to potential targets of cancer therapy and novel techniques. These results can provide a data-based reference for the guidance of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Zhao Z, Li T, Yuan Y, Zhu Y. What is new in cancer-associated fibroblast biomarkers? Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:96. [PMID: 37143134 PMCID: PMC10158035 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is one of the important drivers of tumor development. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor stroma and actively participate in tumor development, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and other biological behaviors. CAFs are a highly heterogeneous group of cells, a reflection of the diversity of their origin, biomarkers, and functions. The diversity of CAF origin determines the complexity of CAF biomarkers, and CAF subpopulations expressing different biomarkers may play contrasting roles in tumor progression. In this review, we provide an overview of these emerging CAF biomarkers and the biological functions that they suggest, which may give a better understanding of the relationship between CAFs and tumor cells and be of great significance for breakthroughs in precision targeted therapy for tumors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), No. 44 of Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), No. 44 of Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 of Nanjing Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Yanmei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), No. 44 of Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, China.
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10
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Kim NI, Park MH, Lee JS. Expression of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast and Their Associations With Clinicopathologic Features. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:204-212. [PMID: 36867736 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and upregulation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs, especially MCT1 and MCT4) in respectively tumor-associated stromal cells and malignant epithelial cells of invasive carcinoma have been found to play an important role in the metabolic coupling. However, this phenomenon has only been scarcely described in pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. mRNA and protein expression levels of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in nine pairs of DCIS tissues and matched normal tissues were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, RNAscope in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical staining of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in 79 DCIS samples was also done using tissue microarray. Cav-1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in DCIS tissues than in their corresponding normal tissues. In contrast, MCT1 and MCT4 mRNA expression levels were higher in DCIS tissues than in corresponding normal tissues. Low stromal Cav-1 expression was significantly associated with high nuclear grade. High epithelial MCT4 expression was associated with larger tumor size and human epidermal growth factor 2 positivity. At a mean follow-up of 10 years, patients with high epithelial MCT1/high epithelial MCT4 expression showed shorter disease-free survival than those with other expressions. No significant association was observed between stromal Cav-1 expression and epithelial MCT 1 or MCT4 expression. Changes in Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 are associated with carcinogenesis of DCIS. A high epithelial MCT1/high epithelial MCT4 expression might be associated with a more aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Ho Park
- Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Isik OA, Cizmecioglu O. Rafting on the Plasma Membrane: Lipid Rafts in Signaling and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1436:87-108. [PMID: 36648750 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is not a uniform phospholipid bilayer; it has specialized membrane nano- or microdomains called lipid rafts. Lipid rafts are small cholesterol and sphingolipid-rich plasma membrane islands. Although their existence was long debated, their presence in the plasma membrane of living cells is now well accepted with the advent of super-resolution imaging techniques. It is interesting to note that lipid rafts function to compartmentalize receptors and their regulators and substantially modulate cellular signaling. In this review, we will examine the role of lipid rafts and caveolae-lipid raft-like microdomains with a distinct 3D morphology-in cellular signaling. Moreover, we will investigate how raft compartmentalized signaling regulates diverse physiological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, immune signaling, and development. Also, the deregulation of lipid raft-mediated signaling during tumorigenesis and metastasis will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Aybuke Isik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Cizmecioglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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12
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Xu N, Li B, Liu Y, Yang C, Tang S, Cho WC, Huang Z. Ferroptosis and triple-negative breast cancer: Potential therapeutic targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1017041. [PMID: 36568247 PMCID: PMC9780505 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1017041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis, it has higher recurrence and metastatic rates than other breast cancer subtypes. This study aims to investigate biomarkers and potential targets for TNBC related to ferroptosis through data mining and bioinformatics analysis. The findings may provide new insights for treating TNBC. Methods The TNBC patients' data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were extracted for differential expression and prognosis analysis. Consensus genes obtained by intersecting differential expressed and ferroptosis-related genes was used to establish the prognostic model by the univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Besides, TNBC data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to confirm the reliability of the prognosis model. Moreover, clinical information was analyzed by multifactorial independent analysis to identify independent prognostic factors. The expression of genes constituting the prognostic model was further validated using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Finally, the Comparative Toxicogenomic Data (CTD) database was used to explore possible treatment drugs for TNBC. Results We obtained 13,245 differential expressed genes, and 177 consensus genes. 98 genes with prognostic implication were obtained by univariable Cox. Then, a prognostic model including 12 ferroptosis-related genes was constructed by multivariable Cox. The area under curve (AUC) value of the prognostic model for TNBC was 0.82. The GEO database validated that the model (AUC = 0.77) could predict the patient outcomes. The staining results of 10 out of 12 prognostic model genes in HPA database showed that their expression was consistent with our predictions. Clinical risk analysis indicated that risk score of patients could act as an independent prognostic factor. Finally, six drugs that may have interaction with 12 ferroptosis-related genes were obtained using the CTD database. Conclusion The prognostic model composed of 12 ferroptosis-related genes could predict the prognosis of TNBC patients, and seven genes (ASNS, LAMP2, CAV1, DPP4, HELLS, TF, ZFP69B) could be potential new therapeutic targets for TNBC, and two drugs (1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, rosiglitazone) could act as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Baohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Cui Yang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Siqi Tang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Zunnan Huang, ; William C. Cho,
| | - Zunnan Huang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Zunnan Huang, ; William C. Cho,
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13
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Huang Q, Wu L, Wang Y, Kong X, Xiao X, Huang Q, Li M, Zhai Y, Shi F, Zhao R, Zhong J, Xiong L. Caveolin-1-deficient fibroblasts promote migration, invasion, and stemness via activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1587-1598. [PMID: 36604141 PMCID: PMC9827800 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent one of the main components in the tumor stroma and play a key role in breast cancer progression. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been established to mediate breast cancer metastasis by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness of cancer cells. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a scaffold protein of caveolae that is related to the proliferation and metabolism of cancer cells. It is now well demonstrated that CAV-1 deficiency in the tumor stroma is positively correlated with distant metastasis, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explore whether CAV-1-deficient fibroblasts play an essential role in the EMT and stemness of breast cancer cells (BCCs) through TGF-β signaling. We establish a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit CAV-1 expression in fibroblasts and coculture them with BCCs to investigate the effect of CAV‑1-deficient fibroblasts and the tumor microenvironment on breast cancer progression. This study refreshingly points out that CAV-1 deficiency in fibroblasts enhances TGF-β1 secretion and then activates the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway of BCCs, thus promoting the metastasis and stemness of BCCs. Collectively, our findings indicate an unexpected role of CAV-1 deficiency in fibroblasts and the tumor microenvironment as a permissive factor, which is regulated by the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in BCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Huang
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Longyuan Wu
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Xinyu Kong
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- The First Affiliated HospitalNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Qiyuan Huang
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Fuxiu Shi
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Ruichen Zhao
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Junpei Zhong
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of PathophysiologyMedical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang330006China,Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational MedicineFujian Province UniversityXiamen361023China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-791-86360565;
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14
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Interplay between Caveolin-1 and body and tumor size affects clinical outcomes in breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2022; 22:101464. [PMID: 35660849 PMCID: PMC9166433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is associated with cholesterol-rich membrane raft domains and is a master regulator of cell signaling and membrane transport. Here, we investigated CAV1's role in cellular compartments of breast cancer in relation to signaling pathways, clinicopathological features, and clinical outcomes. METHODS CAV1 levels were evaluated with immunohistochemistry in cytoplasm of invasive tumor cells and stromal cells in tumor tissue microarrays from a cohort of 1018 breast cancer patients (inclusion 2002-2012, Sweden). Cytoplasmic and stromal CAV1 were categorized as positive/negative and strong/not strong, respectively. CAV1 expression in relation to clinical outcomes was assessed with Cox regression. Investigations into CAV1 functional pathways was conducted in the STRING, GOBO, and TCGA databases. RESULTS CAV1 expression was associated with non-luminal subtypes, cell cycle control, inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the IGF/Insulin system. Generally, CAV1 was not associated with recurrence risk. Stromal CAV1's impact on recurrence risk was modified by BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (Pinteraction = 0.002), waist ≥80 cm (Pinteraction = 0.005), and invasive tumor size (pT2/3/4) (Pinteraction = 0.028). In low-risk patients only, strong stromal CAV1 significantly increased recurrence risk (HRsadj ≥1.61). In all patients, positive cytoplasmic CAV1 conferred >2-fold risk for contralateral disease HRadj 2.63 (95% CI 1.36-5.10). Strong stromal CAV1 conferred nearly 2-fold risk for locoregional recurrence HRadj 1.88 (95% CI 1.09-3.24). CONCLUSIONS CAV1's prognostic impact depended on its localization, anthropometric, and tumor factors. Stromal CAV1 predicted high recurrence risk in a group of supposedly 'low-risk' patients. Cytoplasmic CAV1 predicted metachronous contralateral disease. If confirmed, CAV1 could be used as treatment target and for risk-stratification.
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15
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Xing F, Hu Q, Qin Y, Xu J, Zhang B, Yu X, Wang W. The Relationship of Redox With Hallmarks of Cancer: The Importance of Homeostasis and Context. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862743. [PMID: 35530337 PMCID: PMC9072740 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a lifelong pursuit of cancer cells. Depending on the context, reactive oxygen species (ROS) exert paradoxical effects on cancers; an appropriate concentration stimulates tumorigenesis and supports the progression of cancer cells, while an excessive concentration leads to cell death. The upregulated antioxidant system in cancer cells limits ROS to a tumor-promoting level. In cancers, redox regulation interacts with tumor initiation, proliferation, metastasis, programmed cell death, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, the tumor microenvironment, therapies, and therapeutic resistance to facilitate cancer development. This review discusses redox control and the major hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faliang Xing
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangsheng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wang, ; Xianjun Yu, ; Bo Zhang,
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wang, ; Xianjun Yu, ; Bo Zhang,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wang, ; Xianjun Yu, ; Bo Zhang,
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16
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Ermakov MS, Nushtaeva AA, Richter VA, Koval OA. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and their role in tumor progression. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:14-21. [PMID: 35342854 PMCID: PMC8894099 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal elements of a malignant tumor can promote cancer progression and metastasis. The structure of the tumor stroma includes connective tissue elements, blood vessels, nerves, and extracellular matrix (ECM). Some of the cellular elements of the tumor stroma are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The origin and function of CAFs have been actively studied over the past thirty years. CAFs produce collagen, the main scaffold protein of the extracellular matrix. Collagen in the tumor stroma stimulates fibrosis, enhances the rigidity of tumor tissue, and disrupts the transmission of proliferation and differentiation signaling pathways. CAFs control tumor angiogenesis, cell motility, tumor immunogenic properties, and the development of resistance to chemo- and immunotherapy. As a result of metabolic adaptation of rapidly growing tumor tissue to the nutrients and oxygen deprivation, the main type of energy production in cells changes from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis. These changes lead to sequential molecular alterations, including the induction of specified transcriptional factors that result in the CAFs activation. The molecular phenotype of activated CAFs is similar to fibroblasts activated during inflammation. In activated CAFs, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is synthetized de novo and various proteases and fibronectin are produced. Since CAFs are found in all types of carcinomas, these cells are potential targets for the development of new approaches for anticancer therapy. Some CAFs originate from resident fibroblasts of the organs invaded by the tumor, while others originate from epithelial tumor cells, which are undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To date, many molecular and metabolic inducers of the EMT have been discovered including the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), hypoxia, and inflammation. This review classifies modern concepts of molecular markers of CAFs, their functional features, and discusses the stages of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the potential of CAFs as a target for antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. A. Nushtaeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. A. Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - O. A. Koval
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University
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17
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Ren L, Zhou P, Wu H, Liang Y, Xu R, Lu H, Chen Q. Caveolin-1 is a prognostic marker and suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:3797-3810. [PMID: 35116679 PMCID: PMC8798413 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background To explore the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in breast cancer (BC). Methods Cav-1 expression data were downloaded from the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We compared the expression of Cav-1 in different tumor tissues and between BC tissues and normal tissues (NTs), as well as the differences between different clinical traits. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether Cav-1 serves as a prognostic factor. The correlations of Cav-1 expression with the immune microenvironment and infiltrating immune cells were also analyzed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect Cav-1 mRNA expression in the MCF-7, SKB-R3, MDB-MB-231, and SUM-159 cell lines. LV-Cav-1-RNAi was transfected into MCF-7 and MDB-MB-231 cells, and the MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Subsequently, MDB-MB-231 cells carrying the Cav-1-RNAi gene were used to determine the effects of Cav-1 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo using a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) model. Results Cav-1 was enriched in most solid tumors, and its expression was lower in BC tissues than in NT. Cav-1 expression was shown to be related to patients’ clinical outcomes. Cav-1 was expressed in the MCF-7, SKB-R3, MDB-MB-231, and SUM-159 cell lines. The MTT assay revealed that the proliferative ability of MDB-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was accelerated. The tumor volume of SCID mice administered with LV-Cav-1-RNAi cells was increased. Conclusions These results suggest that Cav-1 may serve as a suppressor in the development of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ren
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peijuan Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huajia Wu
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Liang
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianjun Chen
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Low JY, Laiho M. Caveolae-Associated Molecules, Tumor Stroma, and Cancer Drug Resistance: Current Findings and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030589. [PMID: 35158857 PMCID: PMC8833326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell membranes contain small invaginations called caveolae. They are a specialized lipid domain and orchestrate cellular signaling events, mechanoprotection, and lipid homeostasis. Formation of the caveolae depends on two classes of proteins, the caveolins and cavins, which form large complexes that allow their self-assembly into caveolae. Loss of either of these two proteins leads to distortion of the caveolae structure and disruption of many physiological processes that affect diseases of the muscle, metabolic states governing lipids, and the glucose balance as well as cancers. In cancers, the expression of caveolins and cavins is heterogenous, and they undergo alterations both in the tumors and the surrounding tumor microenvironment stromal cells. Remarkably, their expression and function has been associated with resistance to many cancer drugs. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the resistance mechanisms and how this knowledge could be applied into the clinic in future. Abstract The discovery of small, “cave-like” invaginations at the plasma membrane, called caveola, has opened up a new and exciting research area in health and diseases revolving around this cellular ultrastructure. Caveolae are rich in cholesterol and orchestrate cellular signaling events. Within caveola, the caveola-associated proteins, caveolins and cavins, are critical components for the formation of these lipid rafts, their dynamics, and cellular pathophysiology. Their alterations underlie human diseases such as lipodystrophy, muscular dystrophy, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The expression of caveolins and cavins is modulated in tumors and in tumor stroma, and their alterations are connected with cancer progression and treatment resistance. To date, although substantial breakthroughs in cancer drug development have been made, drug resistance remains a problem leading to treatment failures and challenging translation and bench-to-bedside research. Here, we summarize the current progress in understanding cancer drug resistance in the context of caveola-associated molecules and tumor stroma and discuss how we can potentially design therapeutic avenues to target these molecules in order to overcome treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yih Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-502-9748; Fax: +1-410-502-2821
| | - Marikki Laiho
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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19
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Akkoc Y, Gozuacik D. Autophagy and Hepatic Tumor Microenvironment Associated Dormancy. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:1277-1293. [PMID: 34921672 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of successful cancer treatment is targeting the eradication of cancer cells. Although surgical removal of the primary tumors and several rounds of chemo- and radiotherapy reduce the disease burden, in some cases, asymptomatic dormant cancer cells may still exist in the body. Dormant cells arise from the disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from the primary lesion. DTCs escape from immune system and cancer therapy and reside at the secondary organ without showing no sign of proliferation. However, under some conditions. dormant cells can be re-activated and enter a proliferative state even after decades. As a stress response mechanism, autophagy may help the adaptation of DTCs at this futile foreign microenvironment and may control the survival and re-activation of dormant cells. Studies indicate that hepatic microenvironment serves a favorable condition for cancer cell dormancy. Although, no direct study was pointing out the role of autophagy in liver-assisted dormancy, involvement of autophagy in both liver microenvironment, health, and disease conditions has been indicated. Therefore, in this review article, we will summarize cancer dormancy and discuss the role and importance of autophagy and hepatic microenvironment in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Akkoc
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, 34010, Turkey.
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, 34010, Turkey.,Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
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20
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Utilizing digital pathology to quantify stromal caveolin-1 expression in malignant and benign ovarian tumors: Associations with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcomes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256615. [PMID: 34813586 PMCID: PMC8610269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of stromal caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a biomarker of a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype and is related to progression, metastasis, and poor outcomes in several cancers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of Cav-1 expression in invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa). Epithelial and stromal Cav-1 expression were quantified in serous OvCa and benign ovarian tissue in two, independent cohorts–one quantified expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the other using multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) with digital image analysis designed to target CAF-specific expression. Cav-1 expression was significantly downregulated in OvCa stroma compared to non-neoplastic stroma using both the IHC (p = 0.002) and IF (p = 1.8x10-13) assays. OvCa stroma showed Cav-1 downregulation compared to tumor epithelium with IHC (p = 1.2x10-24). Conversely, Cav-1 expression was higher in OvCa stroma compared to tumor epithelium with IF (p = 0.002). There was moderate correlation between IHC and IF methods for stromal Cav-1 expression (r2 = 0.69, p = 0.006) whereas there was no correlation for epithelial expression (r2 = 0.006, p = 0.98). Irrespective of the staining assay, neither response to therapy or overall survival correlated with the expression level of Cav-1 in the stroma or tumor epithelium. Our findings demonstrate a loss of stromal Cav-1 expression in ovarian serous carcinomas. Studies are needed to replicate these findings and explore therapeutic implications, particularly for immunotherapy response.
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21
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Mehraj U, Ganai RA, Macha MA, Hamid A, Zargar MA, Bhat AA, Nasser MW, Haris M, Batra SK, Alshehri B, Al-Baradie RS, Mir MA, Wani NA. The tumor microenvironment as driver of stemness and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer: New challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1209-1229. [PMID: 34528143 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC), the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths, remains a significant threat to the health and wellness of women worldwide. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprising cellular components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, endothelial cells and adipocytes, and noncellular components such as extracellular matrix (ECM), has been recognized as a critical contributor to the development and progression of BC. The interplay between TME components and cancer cells promotes phenotypic heterogeneity, cell plasticity and cancer cell stemness that impart tumor dormancy, enhanced invasion and metastasis, and the development of therapeutic resistance. While most previous studies have focused on targeting cancer cells with a dismal prognosis, novel therapies targeting stromal components are currently being evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies, and are already showing improved efficacies. As such, they may offer better means to eliminate the disease effectively. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we focus on the evolving concept of the TME as a key player regulating tumor growth, metastasis, stemness, and the development of therapeutic resistance. Despite significant advances over the last decade, several clinical trials focusing on the TME have failed to demonstrate promising effectiveness in cancer patients. To expedite clinical efficacy of TME-directed therapies, a deeper understanding of the TME is of utmost importance. Secondly, the efficacy of TME-directed therapies when used alone or in combination with chemo- or radiotherapy, and the tumor stage needs to be studied. Likewise, identifying molecular signatures and biomarkers indicating the type of TME will help in determining precise TME-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Mehraj
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Rais A Ganai
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science & Technology , Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science & Technology , Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Mohammed A Zargar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory of Animal Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.,Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raid Saleem Al-Baradie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Nissar Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India.
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Patel JR, Gallegos KM, Walker RR, Davidson AM, Davenport I, Tilghman SL. Mammospheres of letrozole-resistant breast cancer cells enhance breast cancer aggressiveness. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:620. [PMID: 34267813 PMCID: PMC8258623 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs), such as letrozole, are considered as first-line treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Despite the successful use of letrozole, resistance to therapy, tumor relapse and metastasis remain principal causes of patient mortality. Although there is no therapy currently available for AI-resistant breast cancer, previous reports have demonstrated that AI resistance is associated with hormone independence, increased growth factor signaling, enhanced cellular motility and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). This suggests a convergence of EMT and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in endocrine resistance. The present study evaluated the contribution of mammospheres in letrozole-resistant breast cancer by characterizing mammospheres and their potential impact on cellular motility. Ovariectomized immunocompromised female mice were inoculated in the mammary fat pad with either letrozole-resistant MCF-7 cells (LTLT-Ca) or letrozole-sensitive MCF-7 cells (AC-1). Subsequently, intratumoral CSC marker expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that LTLT-Ca tumors were CD44+/CD24+, while AC-1 tumors presented low CD44/CD24 expression. Since mammosphere formation depends on CSCs, both cell lines were cultured either adherently (2D) or as mammospheres (3D) to assess the CD44/CD24 protein expression profile. When 3D culturing both cell lines, higher expression levels of CD44 and CD24 were observed when compared with their adherent counterparts, with the most robust change observed in the LTLT-Ca cell line. To quantitate the breast cancer stem cell activity, mammosphere formation assays were performed, and the LTLT-Ca cells formed mammospheres at a 3.4-fold higher index compared with AC-1 cells. Additionally, targeted gene expression arrays were conducted to compare the LTLT-Ca 3D and 2D cells, revealing that LTLT-Ca 3D cells displayed decreased expression levels of genes involved in cell adhesion and tumor suppression (e. g., E-cadherin, caveolin 1 and β-catenin). To validate this finding, wound healing assays were performed, and LTLT-Ca mammospheres exhibited a 70% wound closure, whereas AC-1 mammospheres exhibited a 39% wound closure. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated a strong association between AI-resistant mammospheres and an increased propensity for migration, which may be indicative of a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jankiben R. Patel
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karen M. Gallegos
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Rashidra R. Walker
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - A. Michael Davidson
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Ian Davenport
- Division of Biological and Public Health Sciences, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Syreeta L. Tilghman
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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23
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Mishra A, Srivastava A, Pateriya A, Tomar MS, Mishra AK, Shrivastava A. Metabolic reprograming confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 347:109602. [PMID: 34331906 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Approximately 70 % of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive. An ER antagonist such as tamoxifen is used as adjuvant therapy in ER-positive patients. The major problem with endocrine therapy is the emergence of acquired resistance in approximately 40 % of patients receiving tamoxifen. Metabolic alteration is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Rapidly proliferating cancer cells require increased nutritional support to fuel various functions such as proliferation, cell migration, and metastasis. Recent studies have established that the metabolic state of cancer cells influences their susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drugs and that cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to develop into resistant phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the major findings on metabolic pathway alterations in tamoxifen-resistant (TAMR) breast cancer and the molecular mechanisms known to regulate the expression and function of metabolic enzymes and the respective metabolite levels upon tamoxifen treatment. It is anticipated that this in-depth analysis of specific metabolic pathways in TAMR cancer might be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Mishra
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Anshuman Srivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Ankit Pateriya
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Manendra Singh Tomar
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Anand Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India.
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24
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Magesh P, Thankachan S, Venkatesh T, Suresh PS. Breast cancer fibroblasts and cross-talk. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:158-169. [PMID: 34270953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The breast tumor microenvironment is one of the crucial elements supporting breast cancer tumor progression and metastasis. The fibroblasts are the chief cellular component of the stromal microenvironment and are pathologically activated and differentiated into breast cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The catabolic phenotype of breast CAFs arises due to metabolic reprogramming of these fibroblasts under pseudo-hypoxic conditions. The metabolic intermediates and ATP produced by the breast CAFs are exploited by the neighboring cancer cells for energy generation. The growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines secreted by the CAFs help fuel tumor growth, invasion, and dissemination. Moreover, the interplay between breast CAFs and cancer cells, mediated by the growth factors, ROS, metabolic intermediates, exosomes, and catabolite transporters, aids in building a favorable microenvironment that promotes cancer cell proliferation, tumor progression, and metastasis. Therefore, identifying effective means to target the reprogrammed metabolism of the breast CAFs and the cross-communication between CAFs and cancer cells serve as promising strategies to develop anti-cancer therapeutics. Henceforth, the scope of the present review ranges from discussing the underlying characteristics of breast CAFs, mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in breast CAFs, and the nature of interactions between breast CAFs and cancer cells to studying the intricacies of reprogrammed metabolism targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanila Magesh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Sanu Thankachan
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India.
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25
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Abstract
Metabolism is an important part of tumorigenesis as well as progression. The various cancer metabolism pathways, such as glucose metabolism and glutamine metabolism, directly regulate the development and progression of cancer. The pathways by which the cancer cells rewire their metabolism according to their needs, surrounding environment and host tissue conditions are an important area of study. The regulation of these metabolic pathways is determined by various oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, as well as various constituent cells of the tumor microenvironment. Expanded studies on metabolism will help identify efficient biomarkers for diagnosis and strategies for therapeutic interventions and countering ways by which cancers may acquire resistance to therapy.
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26
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Fernández-Nogueira P, Fuster G, Gutierrez-Uzquiza Á, Gascón P, Carbó N, Bragado P. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Breast Cancer Treatment Response and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3146. [PMID: 34201840 PMCID: PMC8268405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, with about one million new cases diagnosed each year. In spite of the improvements in diagnosis, early detection and treatment, there is still a high incidence of mortality and failure to respond to current therapies. With the use of several well-established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), as well as genetic analysis, BrCa patients can be categorized into multiple subgroups: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and Basal-like, with specific treatment strategies. Although chemotherapy and targeted therapies have greatly improved the survival of patients with BrCa, there is still a large number of patients who relapse or who fail to respond. The role of the tumor microenvironment in BrCa progression is becoming increasingly understood. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the principal population of stromal cells in breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of CAFs' role in altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents as well as in fostering metastasis in BrCa. In addition, we also review the available CAFs-directed molecular therapies and their potential implications for BrCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Gascón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Neus Carbó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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27
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Yang C, He B, Dai W, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Wang X, Zhang Q. The role of caveolin-1 in the biofate and efficacy of anti-tumor drugs and their nano-drug delivery systems. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:961-977. [PMID: 33996409 PMCID: PMC8105775 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most important components of caveolae, caveolin-1 is involved in caveolae-mediated endocytosis and transcytosis pathways, and also plays a role in regulating the cell membrane cholesterol homeostasis and mediating signal transduction. In recent years, the relationship between the expression level of caveolin-1 in the tumor microenvironment and the prognostic effect of tumor treatment and drug treatment resistance has also been widely explored. In addition, the interplay between caveolin-1 and nano-drugs is bidirectional. Caveolin-1 could determine the intracellular biofate of specific nano-drugs, preventing from lysosomal degradation, and facilitate them penetrate into deeper site of tumors by transcytosis; while some nanocarriers could also affect caveolin-1 levels in tumor cells, thereby changing certain biophysical function of cells. This article reviews the role of caveolin-1 in tumor prognosis, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, antibody drug sensitivity, and nano-drug delivery, providing a reference for the further application of caveolin-1 in nano-drug delivery systems.
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Key Words
- 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil
- ADC, antibody drug conjugates
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- Biofate
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CPT, camptothecin
- CSD, caveolin scaffolding domain
- CTB, cholera toxins B
- Cancer
- Caveolin-1
- Drug resistance
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ERK, extracellular regulated protein kinases
- FGF2, fibroblast growth factor 2
- GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase
- GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A
- HSA, human serum albumin
- IBC, infiltrating breast cancer
- IR, insulin receptor
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MDR, multidrug resistance
- MSV, multistage nanovectors
- NPs, nanoparticles
- Nano-drug delivery systems
- PC, prostate cancer
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PFS, progression free survival
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCLC, small cell lung cancer
- SV40, simian virus 40
- Transcytosis
- cell SMA, styrene maleic acid
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28
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Panic A, Reis H, Wittka A, Darr C, Hadaschik B, Jendrossek V, Klein D. The Biomarker Potential of Caveolin-1 in Penile Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:606122. [PMID: 33868995 PMCID: PMC8045968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.606122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Various types of human cancers were characterized by an altered expression of epithelial or stromal caveolin-1 (CAV1). However, the clinical significance of CAV1 expression in penile cancer remains largely unknown. Here the expression patterns of CAV1 were analyzed in a retrospective cohort (n=43) of penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Upon penile cancer progression, significantly increased CAV1-levels were determined within the malignant epithelium, whereas within the tumor stroma, namely the fibroblastic tumor compartment harboring activated and/or cancer associated fibroblasts, CAV1 levels significantly decline. Concerning the clinicopathological significance of CAV1 expression in penile cancer as well as respective epithelial-stromal CAV1 distributions, high expression within the tumor cells as well as low expression of CAV1 within the stromal compartment were correlated with decreased overall survival of penile cancer patients. Herein, CAV1 expressions and distributions at advanced penile cancer stages were independent of the immunohistochemically proven tumor protein p53 status. In contrast, less differentiated p16-positive tumor epithelia (indicative for human papilloma virus infection) were characterized by significantly decreased CAV1 levels. Conclusively, we provide further and new evidence that the characteristic shift in stromal‐epithelial CAV1 being functionally relevant to tumor progression even occurs in penile SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Panic
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alina Wittka
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Darr
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
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29
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Wang Z, Yang Q, Tan Y, Tang Y, Ye J, Yuan B, Yu W. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Suppress Cancer Development: The Other Side of the Coin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:613534. [PMID: 33614646 PMCID: PMC7890026 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.613534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main stromal components of cancer, representing a group of heterogeneous cells. Many studies indicate that CAFs promote tumor development. Besides, evidence of the tumor suppression effects of CAFs keeps on merging. In the tumor microenvironment, multiple stimuli can activate fibroblasts. Notably, this does not necessarily mean the activated CAFs become strong tumor promoters immediately. The varying degree of CAFs activation makes quiescent CAFs, tumor-restraining CAFs, and tumor-promoting CAFs. Quiescent CAFs and tumor-restraining CAFs are more present in early-stage cancer, while comparatively, more tumor-promoting CAFs present in advanced-stage cancer. The underlying mechanism that balances tumor promotion or tumor inhibition effects of CAFs is mostly unknown. This review focus on the inhibitory effects of CAFs on cancer development. We describe the heterogeneous origin, markers, and metabolism in the CAFs population. Transgenetic mouse models that deplete CAFs or deplete CAFs activation signaling in the tumor stroma present direct evidence of CAFs protective effects against cancer. Moreover, we outline CAFs subpopulation and CAFs derived soluble factors that act as a tumor suppressor. Single-cell RNA-sequencing on CAFs population provides us new insight to classify CAFs subsets. Understanding the full picture of CAFs will help translate CAFs biology from bench to bedside and develop new strategies to improve precision cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhuai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Karta J, Bossicard Y, Kotzamanis K, Dolznig H, Letellier E. Mapping the Metabolic Networks of Tumor Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:304. [PMID: 33540679 PMCID: PMC7912987 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is considered to be the core of all cellular activity. Thus, extensive studies of metabolic processes are ongoing in various fields of biology, including cancer research. Cancer cells are known to adapt their metabolism to sustain high proliferation rates and survive in unfavorable environments with low oxygen and nutrient concentrations. Hence, targeting cancer cell metabolism is a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer research. However, cancers consist not only of genetically altered tumor cells but are interwoven with endothelial cells, immune cells and fibroblasts, which together with the extracellular matrix (ECM) constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are linked to poor prognosis in different cancer types, are one important component of the TME. CAFs play a significant role in reprogramming the metabolic landscape of tumor cells, but how, and in what manner, this interaction takes place remains rather unclear. This review aims to highlight the metabolic landscape of tumor cells and CAFs, including their recently identified subtypes, in different tumor types. In addition, we discuss various in vitro and in vivo metabolic techniques as well as different in silico computational tools that can be used to identify and characterize CAF-tumor cell interactions. Finally, we provide our view on how mapping the complex metabolic networks of stromal-tumor metabolism will help in finding novel metabolic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Karta
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Ysaline Bossicard
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kotzamanis
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Tumor Stroma Interaction Group, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belval, Luxembourg; (J.K.); (Y.B.); (K.K.)
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31
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Scatena C, Fanelli G, Fanelli GN, Menicagli M, Aretini P, Ortenzi V, Civitelli SP, Innocenti L, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP, Naccarato AG. New insights in the expression of stromal caveolin 1 in breast cancer spread to axillary lymph nodes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2755. [PMID: 33531603 PMCID: PMC7854652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that a loss of expression of caveolin in the stromal compartment (sCav-1) of human invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) may be a predictor of disease recurrence, metastasis and poor outcome. At present, there is little knowledge regarding the expression of sCav-1 at the metastatic sites. We therefore studied sCav-1 expression in IBCs and in their axillary lymph nodes to seek a correlation with cancer metastasis. 189 consecutive invasive IBCs (53 with axillary lymph node metastases and 136 without) were studied by immunohistochemistry, using a rabbit polyclonal anti-Cav-1 antibody. In IBCs sCav-1 was evaluated in fibroblasts scattered in the tumor stroma whereas in lymph nodes sCav-1 was assessed in fibroblast-like stromal cells. For the first time, we observed a statistically significant progressive loss of sCav-1 from normal/reactive axillary lymph nodes of tumors limited to the breast to metastatic axillary lymph nodes, through normal/reactive axillary lymph nodes of tumors with axillary metastatic spread. These data indicate that Cav-1 expressed by the stromal compartment of lymph nodes, somehow, may possibly contribute to metastatic spread in IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Scatena
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Anatomia Patologica 1 Universitaria, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Fanelli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Anatomia Patologica 1 Universitaria, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Aretini
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, 56017, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Ortenzi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Anatomia Patologica 1 Universitaria, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Piera Civitelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Innocenti
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Anatomia Patologica 1 Universitaria, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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32
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Abstract
Caveolae are bulb-like invaginations made up of two essential structural proteins, caveolin-1 and cavins, which are abundantly present at the plasma membrane of vertebrate cells. Since their discovery more than 60 years ago, the function of caveolae has been mired in controversy. The last decade has seen the characterization of new caveolae components and regulators together with the discovery of additional cellular functions that have shed new light on these enigmatic structures. Early on, caveolae and/or caveolin-1 have been involved in the regulation of several parameters associated with cancer progression such as cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, or cell growth. These studies have revealed that caveolin-1 and more recently cavin-1 have a dual role with either a negative or a positive effect on most of these parameters. The recent discovery that caveolae can act as mechanosensors has sparked an array of new studies that have addressed the mechanobiology of caveolae in various cellular functions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on caveolae and their role in cancer development through their activity in membrane tension buffering. We propose that the role of caveolae in cancer has to be revisited through their response to the mechanical forces encountered by cancer cells during tumor mass development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singh
- UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France.
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33
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Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) has long been implicated in cancer progression, and while widely accepted as an oncogenic protein, CAV1 also has tumor suppressor activity. CAV1 was first identified in an early study as the primary substrate of Src kinase, a potent oncoprotein, where its phosphorylation correlated with cellular transformation. Indeed, CAV1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 (Y14; pCAV1) has been associated with several cancer-associated processes such as focal adhesion dynamics, tumor cell migration and invasion, growth suppression, cancer cell metabolism, and mechanical and oxidative stress. Despite this, a clear understanding of the role of Y14-phosphorylated pCAV1 in cancer progression has not been thoroughly established. Here, we provide an overview of the role of Src-dependent phosphorylation of tumor cell CAV1 in cancer progression, focusing on pCAV1 in tumor cell migration, focal adhesion signaling and metabolism, and in the cancer cell response to stress pathways characteristic of the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss a model for Y14 phosphorylation regulation of CAV1 effector protein interactions via the caveolin scaffolding domain.
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Wu Q, Li B, Li J, Sun S, Yuan J, Sun S. Cancer-associated adipocytes as immunomodulators in cancer. Biomark Res 2021; 9:2. [PMID: 33413697 PMCID: PMC7792018 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), as a main component of the tumor-adipose microenvironment (TAME), have various functions, including remodeling the extracellular matrix and interacting with tumor cells or infiltrated leukocytes through a variety of mutual signals. Here, we summarize the primary interplay among CAAs, the immune response and cancer with a focus on the mechanistic aspects of these relationships. Finally, unifying our understanding of CAAs with the immune cell function may be an effective method to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapeutic and conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jingping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. China.
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. China.
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Chern YJ, Tai IT. Adaptive response of resistant cancer cells to chemotherapy. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:842-863. [PMID: 33299639 PMCID: PMC7721100 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer therapeutics and the integration of personalized medicine, the development of chemoresistance in many patients remains a significant contributing factor to cancer mortality. Upon treatment with chemotherapeutics, the disruption of homeostasis in cancer cells triggers the adaptive response which has emerged as a key resistance mechanism. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic studies investigating the three major components of the adaptive response, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling, and senescence, in response to cancer chemotherapy. We will discuss the development of potential cancer therapeutic strategies in the context of these adaptive resistance mechanisms, with the goal of stimulating research that may facilitate the development of effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jye Chern
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z1L3, Canada.,Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Isabella T Tai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z1L3, Canada.,Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z1L3, Canada
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36
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Meng Q, Luo X, Chen J, Wang D, Chen E, Zhang W, Zhang G, Zhou W, Xu J, Song Z. Unmasking carcinoma-associated fibroblasts: Key transformation player within the tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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An X, Lin X, Yang A, Jiang Q, Geng B, Huang M, Lu J, Xiang Z, Yuan Z, Wang S, Shi Y, Zhu H. Cavin3 Suppresses Breast Cancer Metastasis via Inhibiting AKT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:01228. [PMID: 33101009 PMCID: PMC7556234 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cavin3 is a putative tumor suppressor protein. However, its molecular action on tumor regulation is largely unknown. The aim of the current study is to explore the implication of cavin3 alteration, its clinical significance, and any potential molecular mechanisms in the regulation of breast cancer (BC). Methods TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) data bases, and 17 freshly paired BC and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed for mRNA levels of Cavin3. Furthermore, cavin3 protein expression from 407 primary BC samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and measured by H-score. The clinical significance of cavin3 expression was explored by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox regression method. In vitro biological assays were performed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms of cavin 3 in BC cell lines. Results Cavin3 mRNA was dramatically down-regulated in BC compared with the negative control. The median H-score of cavin3 protein by IHC was 50 (range 0-270). There were 232 (57%) and 175 (43%) cases scored as low (H-score≤50) and high (H-score >50) levels of cavin3, respectively. Low cavin3 was correlated with a higher T and N stage, and worse distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate survival analysis revealed low cavin3 was an independent fact for worse DMFS. In BC cells, an overexpression of cavin3 could inhibit cell migration and invasion, and significantly decreased the level of p-Akt. Knockout of cavin3, meanwhile, promoted cell invasion ability and increased the level of p-AKT. Conclusion Cavin3 expression is significantly lower in BC and is correlated with distant metastasis and worse survival. Cavin3 functions as a metastasis suppressor via inhibiting the AKT pathway, suggesting cavin3 as a potential prognostic biomarker and a target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin An
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Bingchuan Geng
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mayan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Dees S, Pontiggia L, Jasmin JF, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP, Mercier I. Essential role of STAT5a in DCIS formation and invasion following estrogen treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15104-15120. [PMID: 32633727 PMCID: PMC7425506 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is one of the earliest stages of breast cancer (BCa). The mechanisms by which DCIS lesions progress to an invasive state while others remain indolent are yet to be fully characterized and both diagnosis and treatment of this pre-invasive disease could benefit from better understanding the pathways involved. While a decreased expression of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in the tumor microenvironment of patients with DCIS breast cancer was linked to progression to invasive breast cancer (IBC), the downstream effector(s) contributing to this process remain elusive. The current report shows elevated expression of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5a (STAT5a) within the DCIS-like lesions in Cav-1 KO mice following estrogen treatment and inhibition of STAT5a expression prevented the formation of these mammary lesions. In addition, STAT5a overexpression in a human DCIS cell line (MCF10DCIS.com) promoted their invasion, a process accelerated by estrogen treatment and associated with increased levels of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) precursor. In sum, our results demonstrate a novel regulatory axis (Cav-1♦STAT5a♦MMP-9) in DCIS that is fully activated by the presence of estrogen. Our sudies suggest to further study phosphorylated STAT5a (Y694) as a potential biomarker to guide and predict outcome of DCIS patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundee Dees
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Pontiggia
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Misher College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Jasmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Mercier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Program in Personalized Medicine and Targeted Therapeutics, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Tumor microenvironment and epithelial mesenchymal transition as targets to overcome tumor multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 53:100715. [PMID: 32679188 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment. Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multidrug resistance (MDR). TME-induced factors secreted by cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) create an inflammatory microenvironment by recruiting immune cells. CD11b+/Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inflammatory tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are main immune cell types which further enhance chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation nurtures tumor-initiating/cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), induces both EMT and MDR leading to tumor relapses. Pro-thrombotic microenvironment created by inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from TAMs, MDSCs and CAFs is also involved in EMT and MDR. MDSCs are the most common mediators of immunosuppression and are also involved in resistance to targeted therapies, e.g. BRAF inhibitors and oncolytic viruses-based therapies. Expansion of both cancer and stroma cells causes hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (e.g. HIF-1α) resulting in drug resistance. TME factors induce the expression of transcriptional EMT factors, MDR and metabolic adaptation of cancer cells. Promoters of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes contain binding sites for canonical EMT transcription factors, e.g. ZEB, TWIST and SNAIL. Changes in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy during EMT also promote MDR. Conclusively, EMT signaling simultaneously increases MDR. Owing to the multifactorial nature of MDR, targeting one mechanism seems to be non-sufficient to overcome resistance. Targeting inflammatory processes by immune modulatory compounds such as mTOR inhibitors, demethylating agents, low-dosed histone deacetylase inhibitors may decrease MDR. Targeting EMT and metabolic adaptation by small molecular inhibitors might also reverse MDR. In this review, we summarize evidence for TME components as causative factors of EMT and anticancer drug resistance.
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40
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Wu Q, Li B, Sun S, Sun S. Unraveling Adipocytes and Cancer Links: Is There a Role for Senescence? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:282. [PMID: 32411704 PMCID: PMC7198697 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is characterized by a permanent cell cycle arrest that is elicited in response to different stresses. In addition, senescent cells undergo multiple other phenotypic alterations, such as autophagy modulation, metabolic reprogramming, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). These senescence-related and inflammatory effects prevail within tumors and are strongly controlled by cancer properties, and inflammatory mediators further maintain and propagate the senescence process to adjacent cells. It is important to consider these detrimental effects that may drive tumorigenesis or cancer relapse. Importantly, cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) are one of the primary stromal cells in various tumor microenvironments and favor tumor progression by releasing various factors that can mediate local and systemic effects. However, it remains unclear whether CAAs possess senescent features. In this review, we discuss the complex relationship between senescence and CAAs and highlight important considerations for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Cav-1 Ablation in Pancreatic Stellate Cells Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Growth through Nrf2-Induced shh Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1868764. [PMID: 32377291 PMCID: PMC7189317 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1868764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A more comprehensive understanding of the complexity of pancreatic cancer pathobiology, especially, and understanding of the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in disease progression should pave the way for therapies to improve patient response rates. Previous studies reported that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive functions. However, the function of Cav-1 in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that coinjection of Cav-1-silenced pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) with pancreatic cancer cells increased tumor growth. To comprehensively characterize paracrine communication between pancreatic cancer cells and PSCs, PSCs were cultured with pancreatic cancer cell conditioned medium (CM) containing cytokines. We reveal that Cav-1-silenced PSCs facilitated the growth of pancreatic cancer cells via enhanced paracrine shh/MMP2/bFGF/IL-6 signaling. Specifically, Cav-1-silenced PSCs exhibited increased shh expression, which heterotypically activated the shh signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, Cav-1-deficient PSCs accumulated ROS to enhance the shh pathway and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, overexpression of Nrf2 reversed the effects of Cav-1 knockdown on PSCs, increasing ROS production and enhancing paracrine shh/MMP2/bFGF/IL-6 signaling. Together, our findings show that stromal Cav-1 may mediate different mechanisms in the complex interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment though Nrf2-induced shh signaling activation during pancreatic cancer progression.
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Caveolin-1 regulates the ASMase/ceramide-mediated radiation response of endothelial cells in the context of tumor-stroma interactions. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:228. [PMID: 32273493 PMCID: PMC7145831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The integral membrane protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) plays a central role in radioresistance-mediating tumor–stroma interactions of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Among the tumor–stroma, endothelial cells (EC) evolved as critical determinants of the radiation response. CAV1 deficiency in angiogenic EC was already shown to account for increased apoptosis rates of irradiated EC. This study explores the potential impact of differential CAV1 levels in EC on the acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)/ceramide pathway as a key player in the regulation of EC apoptosis upon irradiation and cancer cell radioresistance. Enhanced apoptosis sensitivity of CAV1-deficient EC was associated with increased ASMase activity, ceramide generation, formation of large lipid platforms, and finally an altered p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/heat-shock protein 27 (HSP27)/AKT (protein kinase B, PKB) signaling. CAV1-deficient EC increased the growth delay of LNCaP and PC3 PCa cells upon radiation treatment in direct 3D spheroid co-cultures. Exogenous C6 and C16 ceramide treatment in parallel increased the growth delay of PCa spheroids and induced PCa cell apoptosis. Analysis of the respective ceramide species in PCa cells with increased CAV1 levels like those typically found in radio-resistant advanced prostate tumors further revealed an upregulation of unsaturated C24:1 ceramide that might scavenge the effects of EC-derived apoptosis-inducing C16 ceramide. Higher ASMase as well as ceramide levels could be confirmed by immunohistochemistry in human advanced prostate cancer specimen bearing characteristic CAV1 tumor–stroma alterations. Conclusively, CAV1 critically regulates the generation of ceramide-dependent (re-)organization of the plasma membrane that in turn affects the radiation response of EC and adjacent PCa cells. Understanding the CAV1-dependent crosstalk between tumor cells and the host-derived tumor microvasculature and its impact on radiosensitivity may allow to define a rational strategy for overcoming tumor radiation resistance improving clinical outcomes by targeting CAV1.
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The caveolar-mitochondrial interface: regulation of cellular metabolism in physiology and pathophysiology. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:165-177. [PMID: 32010944 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is an important cellular organelle that is often overlooked in terms of a primary factor in regulating physiology and pathophysiology. There is emerging evidence to suggest that the plasma membrane serves a greater purpose than a simple barrier or transporter of ions. New paradigms suggest that the membrane serves as a critical bridge to connect extracellular to intracellular communication particularly to regulate energy and metabolism by forming physical and biochemical associations with intracellular organelles. This review will focus on the relationship of a particular membrane microdomain - caveolae - with mitochondria and the particular implication of this to physiology and pathophysiology.
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MicroRNA-144 represses gliomas progression and elevates susceptibility to Temozolomide by targeting CAV2 and FGF7. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4155. [PMID: 32139705 PMCID: PMC7058039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common tumor in central nervous system with poor prognosis. Due to the limitation of histological classification in earlier diagnosis and individualized medicine, it is necessary to combine the molecular signatures and the pathological characteristics of gliomas. Lots of microRNAs presented abnormal expression in gliomas and modulated gliomas development. Exploration the miRNAs profile is helpful for the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of gliomas. It has been demonstrated that miR-144 plays important roles in solid tumors. However, the detail mechanisms remained unrevealed. In this study, we have demonstrated the level of miR-144 decreased in glioma tissues from patients, especially in gliomas with higher grades. MiR-144 was also validated have lower expression in glioma cell lines compared with cortical neuron cell by using qRT-PCR. The in vitro functional experiment indicated miR-144 improved gliomas progression through repressing proliferation, sensitizing to chemotherapeutics and inhibiting metastasis. We further identified fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) and Caveolin 2 (CAV2) were target genes of miR-144 by luciferase reporter assay and western blotting. The mechanisms study suggested forced FGF7 expression elevated Akt activation and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The MTT and cell cycle assay indicated miR-144 suppressed glioma cells proliferation through modulating FGF mediated Akt signaling pathway. Meanwhile, miR-144 promoted Temozolomide (TMZ) induced apoptosis in glioma cells via increasing ROS production by using FACS. On the other hand, CAV2, as another target of miR-144, accelerated glioma cells migration and invasion via promoting glioma cells EMT progress. Retrieved expression of FGF7 or CAV2 rescued the proliferation and migration function mediated by miR-144. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments in PDX models displayed the anti-tumor function of miR-144, which could be retrieved by overexpression of FGF7 and CAV2. Taken together, these findings indicated miR-144 acted as a potential target against gliomas progression and uncovered a novel regulatory mechanism, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy and prognostic indicator for gliomas.
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45
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Landberg G, Fitzpatrick P, Isakson P, Jonasson E, Karlsson J, Larsson E, Svanström A, Rafnsdottir S, Persson E, Gustafsson A, Andersson D, Rosendahl J, Petronis S, Ranji P, Gregersson P, Magnusson Y, Håkansson J, Ståhlberg A. Patient-derived scaffolds uncover breast cancer promoting properties of the microenvironment. Biomaterials 2019; 235:119705. [PMID: 31978840 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells interact with the microenvironment that specifically supports and promotes tumor development. Key components in the tumor environment have been linked to various aggressive cancer features and can further influence the presence of subpopulations of cancer cells with specific functions, including cancer stem cells and migratory cells. To model and further understand the influence of specific microenvironments we have developed an experimental platform using cell-free patient-derived scaffolds (PDSs) from primary breast cancers infiltrated with standardized breast cancer cell lines. This PDS culture system induced a series of orchestrated changes in differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness and proliferation of the cancer cell population, where an increased cancer stem cell pool was confirmed using functional assays. Furthermore, global gene expression profiling showed that PDS cultures were similar to xenograft cultures. Mass spectrometry analyses of cell-free PDSs identified subgroups based on their protein composition that were linked to clinical properties, including tumor grade. Finally, we observed that an induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in cancer cells growing on the PDSs were significantly associated with clinical disease recurrences in breast cancer patients. Patient-derived scaffolds thus mimics in vivo-like growth conditions and uncovers unique information about the malignancy-inducing properties of tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Landberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Paul Fitzpatrick
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pauline Isakson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Larsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Svanström
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Svanheidur Rafnsdottir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Persson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Rosendahl
- RISE, Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioscience and Materials - Medical Device Technology, SE-50115, Borås, Sweden
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- RISE, Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioscience and Materials - Medical Device Technology, SE-50115, Borås, Sweden
| | - Parmida Ranji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Gregersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ylva Magnusson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Håkansson
- RISE, Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioscience and Materials - Medical Device Technology, SE-50115, Borås, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-41390, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Abstract
Cancers are not composed merely of cancer cells alone; instead, they are complex 'ecosystems' comprising many different cell types and noncellular factors. The tumour stroma is a critical component of the tumour microenvironment, where it has crucial roles in tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Most anticancer therapies target cancer cells specifically, but the tumour stroma can promote the resistance of cancer cells to such therapies, eventually resulting in fatal disease. Therefore, novel treatment strategies should combine anticancer and antistromal agents. Herein, we provide an overview of the advances in understanding the complex cancer cell-tumour stroma interactions and discuss how this knowledge can result in more effective therapeutic strategies, which might ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Ketteler J, Panic A, Reis H, Wittka A, Maier P, Herskind C, Yagüe E, Jendrossek V, Klein D. Progression-Related Loss of Stromal Caveolin 1 Levels Mediates Radiation Resistance in Prostate Carcinoma via the Apoptosis Inhibitor TRIAP1. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030348. [PMID: 30871022 PMCID: PMC6462938 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, as well as molecularly targeted therapies, limits the effectiveness of current cancer treatments. We previously reported that the radiation response of human prostate tumours is critically regulated by CAV1 expression in stromal fibroblasts and that loss of stromal CAV1 expression in advanced tumour stages may contribute to tumour radiotherapy resistance. Here we investigated whether fibroblast secreted anti-apoptotic proteins could induce radiation resistance of prostate cancer cells in a CAV1-dependent manner and identified TRIAP1 (TP53 Regulated Inhibitor of Apoptosis 1) as a resistance-promoting CAV1-dependent factor. TRIAP1 expression and secretion was significantly higher in CAV1-deficient fibroblasts and secreted TRIAP1 was able to induce radiation resistance of PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro, as well as of PC3 prostate xenografts derived from co-implantation of PC3 cells with TRIAP1-expressing fibroblasts in vivo. Immunohistochemical analyses of irradiated PC3 xenograft tumours, as well as of human prostate tissue specimen, confirmed that the characteristic alterations in stromal-epithelial CAV1 expression were accompanied by increased TRIAP1 levels after radiation in xenograft tumours and within advanced prostate cancer tissues, potentially mediating resistance to radiation treatment. In conclusion, we have determined the role of CAV1 alterations potentially induced by the CAV1-deficient, and more reactive, stroma in radio sensitivity of prostate carcinoma at a molecular level. We suggest that blocking TRIAP1 activity and thus avoiding drug resistance may offer a promising drug development strategy for inhibiting resistance-promoting CAV1-dependent signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ketteler
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Andrej Panic
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
- Department of Urology and Urooncology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Alina Wittka
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Patrick Maier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Carsten Herskind
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Virchowstrasse 173, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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Biological heterogeneity and versatility of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment. Oncogene 2019; 38:4887-4901. [PMID: 30816343 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing lines of evidence show that the malignant behavior of cancer is not exclusively attributable to cancer cells but also radically influenced by cancerous stroma activity and controlled through various mechanisms by the microenvironment. In addition to structural components, such as the extracellular matrix, stromal cells, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, and specifically cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), have attracted substantial attention over recent decades. CAFs provide routes for aggressive carcinomas and contribute to invasion and metastasis through the biochemical alteration and regulation of cancer-related pathways. However, another facet of CAFs that has been neglected by numerous studies is that CAFs might serve as a negative regulator of cancer progression under certain circumstances. The various origins of CAFs, the diverse tissues in which they reside and their interactions with different cancer cells appear to be responsible for this inconsistency. This review summarizes the latest knowledge regarding CAF heterogeneity and offers a novel perspective and a beneficial approach for obtaining an improved understanding of CAFs.
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Torén W, Ansari D, Andersson R. Immunohistochemical investigation of prognostic biomarkers in resected colorectal liver metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:217. [PMID: 30602942 PMCID: PMC6307223 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have investigated the prognostic role of biomarkers in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). However, no biomarker has been established in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to scrutinize the current literature for biomarkers evaluated by immunohistochemistry as prognostic markers in patients with resected CRLM. Methods A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were identified in the PubMed database with selected search terms and by cross-references search. The REMARK quality criteria were applied. Markers were included if they reported the prognostic impact of immunohistochemical markers in a multivariable setting in relation to overall survival (OS). A meta-analysis was conducted when more than one original article provided survival data of a marker. Results In total, 26 biomarkers were identified as independent significant markers for OS in resected CRLM. These biomarkers were found to be involved in multiple oncogenic signalling pathways that control cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis and evasion of immune detection. Among these biomarker candidates were Ki-67, EGFR, p53, hTERT, CD34, TSP-1, KISS1, Aurora kinase A and CDX2. CD34 and TSP-1 were reported as significantly associated with survival by more than one study and where therefore pooled in a meta-analysis. Conclusion A number of independent prognostic biomarkers for resected CRLM were identified. However, most markers were evaluated in a retrospective setting with small patient cohorts, without external validation. Large, prospective, multicentre studies with standardised methods are needed before biomarkers can translated into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Torén
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Roland Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Sago CD, Lokugamage MP, Lando GN, Djeddar N, Shah NN, Syed C, Bryksin AV, Dahlman JE. Modifying a Commonly Expressed Endocytic Receptor Retargets Nanoparticles in Vivo. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7590-7600. [PMID: 30216729 PMCID: PMC6426696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are often targeted to receptors expressed on specific cells, but few receptors are (i) highly expressed on one cell type and (ii) involved in endocytosis. One unexplored alternative is manipulating an endocytic gene expressed on multiple cell types; an ideal gene would inhibit delivery to cell type A more than cell type B, promoting delivery to cell type B. This would require a commonly expressed endocytic gene to alter nanoparticle delivery in a cell type-dependent manner in vivo; whether this can occur is unknown. Based on its microenvironmental regulation, we hypothesized Caveolin 1 (Cav1) would exert cell type-specific effects on nanoparticle delivery. Fluorescence was not sensitive enough to investigate this question, and as a result, we designed a platform named QUANT to study nanoparticle biodistribution. QUANT is 108× more sensitive than fluorescence and can be multiplexed. By measuring how 226 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) delivered nucleic acids to multiple cell types in vivo in wild-type and Cav1 knockout mice, we found Cav1 altered delivery in a cell-type specific manner. Cav1 knockout did not alter LNP delivery to lung and kidney macrophages but substantially reduced LNP delivery to Kupffer cells, which are liver-resident macrophages. These data suggest caveolin-mediated endocytosis of nanomedicines by macrophages varies with tissue type. These results suggest manipulating receptors expressed on multiple cell types can tune drug delivery.
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