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Ni Y, Wang Y, Wen Z, Fang J, Xu J, Wu S, Sawmadal JD, Jama HA. Optimization path of primary public health service talent team construction: a largescale survey in Huaihai Economic Zone, China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1399857. [PMID: 39234097 PMCID: PMC11371681 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1399857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The primary public health service system is indispensable for the implementation of the "Healthy China 2030" strategy, and primary healthcare workers, as the key drivers of this system, play a pivotal role in its development and establishment to ensure population well-being. In developing countries, such as China, primary public health systems are still weak, and in order to address this phenomenon, health system reform is needed, and primary public health personnel are crucial to health system reform. The current situation of primary public health workers in low-income and developing countries is characterized by varying degrees of problems that need improvement. Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of primary public health service workforce building, analyze the existing problems of the workforce, put forward suggestions for improvement and explore countermeasures, and provide Chinese wisdom and a reference basis for primary public health workforce building in the world, especially in developing countries. Methods Combining the Work-Family Conflict Scale, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Turnover Intention Scale, a relevant survey questionnaire was designed to quantitatively investigate the baseline characteristics of primary public health service institutions and their staff in four representative cities in the Huaihai Economic Zone: Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province, Linyi in Shandong Province, Shangqiu in Henan Province, and Huaibei in Anhui Province. The collected data were analyzed and processed using SPSS 25.0 statistical analysis software through univariate analysis and logistic regression analyses. Methods such as one-way ANOVA, Logistic regression analysis, and independent samples t-test were used to analyze the influencing factors of primary public health workforce development. Results The current work intensity at the primary public health level is currently high, the salary and benefits cannot meet the needs of most primary public health personnel, and the competition between work and family in terms of time and resources is pronounced, and the majority of primary public health personnel are dissatisfied with the status quo of "doing more work for less reward" and the poor social security. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of personal accomplishment were positively correlated with the tendency to leave (all p < 0.01), and the burnout and emotional exhaustion of primary public health workers were intense. Conclusion Primary public health personnel play an important role in providing primary public health services. However, the current working conditions of junior public health personnel in the Huaihai Economic Zone are influenced by factors such as workload, income level, and employment situation improvement, leading to low job satisfaction, significant work-family conflicts, and high turnover intention. In this context, based on the opinions of grassroots administrative departments and internationally relevant experiences, a series of suggestions have been proposed to improve the professional service level, job satisfaction, and occupational identity of staff members. These suggestions make valuable contributions to both the Huaihai Economic Zone and countries worldwide in safeguarding individual health and promoting national primary healthcare reform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ni
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zongliang Wen
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Fang
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jintao Xu
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shenqin Wu
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Reisdorff EJ, Johnston MM, Lall MD, Lu DW, Bilimoria KY, Barton MA. Prospective validity evidence for the abbreviated emergency medicine Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Acad Emerg Med 2024; 31:782-788. [PMID: 38494655 DOI: 10.1111/acem.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has provided retrospective validity evidence for an abbreviated Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) to measure burnout among emergency medicine (EM) residents. We sought to provide additional validity and reliability evidence for the two-factor, six-item abbreviated CBI. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the abbreviated CBI that was administered following the 2022 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-training Examination. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed and the prevalence of burnout among EM residents was determined. RESULTS Of the 8918 eligible residents, 7465 (83.7%) completed the abbreviated CBI. CFA confirmed the previously developed model of two factors using six items answered with a 1- to 5-point Likert scale. The internal factor was derived from personal and work-related burnout and the external factor was related to caring for patients. The reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha (0.87). The overall prevalence of burnout was 49.4%; the lowest prevalence was at the EM1 level (43.1%) and the highest was at the EM2 level (53.8%). CONCLUSIONS CFA of the abbreviated CBI demonstrated good reliability and model fit. The two-factor, six-item survey instrument identified an increase in the prevalence of burnout among EM residents that coincided with working in the COVID-19 environment. The abbreviated CBI has sufficient reliability and validity evidence to encourage its broader use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl J Reisdorff
- American Board of Emergency Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary M Johnston
- American Board of Emergency Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Michelle D Lall
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dave W Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karl Y Bilimoria
- Department of Surgery, University of Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa A Barton
- American Board of Emergency Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Hovland IS, Skogstad L, Diep LM, Ekeberg Ø, Ræder J, Stafseth SK, Hem E, Rø KI, Lie I. Burnout among intensive care nurses, physicians and leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national longitudinal study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2024. [PMID: 39056218 DOI: 10.1111/aas.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is frequent among intensive care unit (ICU) healthcare professionals and may result in medical errors and absenteeism. The COVID-19 pandemic caused additional strain during working hours and also affected off-duty life. The aims of this study were to survey burnout levels among ICU healthcare professionals during the first year of COVID-19, describe those who reported burnout, and analyse demographic and work-related factors associated with burnout. METHODS This was a national prospective longitudinal cohort study of 484 nurses, physicians and leaders working in intensive care units with COVID-19 patients in Norway. Burnout was measured at 6- and 12-month follow-up, after a registration of baseline data during the first months of the COVID epidemic. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), was used (range 0-100), burnout caseness defined as CBI ≥50. Bi- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine baseline demographic variables and work-related factors associated with burnout caseness at 12 months. RESULTS At 6 months, the median CBI score was 17, increasing to 21 at 12 months (p = .037), with nurses accounting for most of the increase. Thirty-two per cent had an increase in score of more than 5, whereas 25% had a decrease of more than 5. Ten per cent reported caseness of burnout at 6 months and 14% at 12 months (n.s.). The participants with burnout caseness were of significantly lower age, had fewer years of experience, reported more previous anxiety and/or depression, more moral distress, less perceived hospital recognition, and more fear of infection in the bivariate analyses. Burnout was the single standing most reported type of psychological distress, and 24 out of 41 (59%) with burnout caseness also reported caseness of anxiety, depression and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations of burnout caseness with fewer years of professional experience (p = .041) and borderline significance of perceived support by leader (p = .049). CONCLUSION In Norway, a minority of ICU nurses, physicians and leaders reported burnout 1 year into the pandemic. A majority of those with burnout reported anxiety, depression and/or PTSD symptoms combined. Burnout was associated with less years of professional experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Strand Hovland
- Division of Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laila Skogstad
- Centre for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arctic University of Norway, UiT, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lien My Diep
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øivind Ekeberg
- Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Ræder
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Karlsson Stafseth
- Centre for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of MEVU, Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend Hem
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Studies of the Medical Profession, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Irene Lie
- Centre for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences in Gjøvik, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway
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Nowrouzi-Kia B, Bani-Fatemi A, Howe A, Ubhi S, Morrison M, Saini H, Chattu VK. Examining burnout in the electrical sector in Ontario, Canada: A cross-sectional study. AIMS Public Health 2023; 10:934-951. [PMID: 38187894 PMCID: PMC10764972 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2023060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Workers in the trades sectors often experience mental health issues and decreased work ability due to occupational stress, workplace hazards and living in danger or constant fear of injury. Understanding the impacts of psychosocial risk factors on construction workers' mental health can aid in decreasing workplace injuries, lessening disabilities and increasing worker productivity. In this study, we focus on understanding and assessing the mental health and wellness of individuals in the electrical sector that are members of the Employer Engagement Project (EEP) from the Ontario Electrical League (OEL). The subset of potential participants included electricians and plumbers in Ontario working for small to medium sized employers (SME). The recruitment took place in 2022, with a total of 82 participants who completed a survey collecting demographic information, assessing the importance and availability/satisfaction of workplace factors and stress-and burnout-related questions. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0. Two-sample Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to test for associations between the availability of work-related factors and burnout scores among the participants. Burnout scores were determined using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Our findings demonstrate that dissatisfaction of the following factors: Workload allocation, internal staff development opportunity and stable staffing/minimal turnover, were associated with high burnout levels. The findings indicate there may be a relationship between certain work-related factors and burnout levels experienced. There is a need for improvement of workload allocation in SMEs to help enhance the mental health and well-being of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Bani-Fatemi
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Howe
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simrat Ubhi
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mitchel Morrison
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harseerat Saini
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vijay Kumar Chattu
- Restore Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Center for Evidence-based Strategies, Global Health Research and Innovations Canada Inc (GHRIC), ON, Toronto
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