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Almahmoud OH, Baniodeh B, Musleh R, Asmar S, Zyada M, Qattousah H. Overview of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and associated factors: a scoping review. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023; 35:437-441. [PMID: 37982659 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2023-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Around the world, idiopathic scoliosis accounts for the majority of occurrences of adolescent scoliosis. The absence of underlying congenital or neuromuscular problems distinguishes adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which affects children ages 13 to 18, from other kinds of scoliosis. The prevalence of AIS is influenced by a number of variables, such as physical activity, gender, backpacks, body mass index, and others. AIS has an impact on the child's development not just physically but also psychologically, emotionally, and mentally. This study used nationwide databases to describe the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and associated risk variables. The current review analysis showed that AIS was significant worldwide and that adolescent gender, physical activity, body mass index, backpack carrying and backpack weight were all significant risk factors for developing AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar H Almahmoud
- Nursing Department, Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions College, Birzeit University, Birzeit, P.O. Box 14, Palestine
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Yang Z, Yang Y, Liu F, Wang Z, Li Y, Qiu J, Xiao X, Li Z, Lu Y, Ji L, Wang ZL, Cheng J. Power Backpack for Energy Harvesting and Reduced Load Impact. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2611-2623. [PMID: 33533242 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-distance walking with heavy loads is often needed when going hiking or for field rescue, which is prone to cumulative fatigue. There is also a great need for labor-saving and biomechanical energy harvesting in daily life for extended security and communication needs. Here, we report a load-suspended backpack for harvesting the wasted energy of human motion based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Two elastomers are incorporated into the backpack to decouple the synchronous movement of the load and the human body, which results in little or no extra accelerative force. With such a design, through theoretical analysis and field experiments, the backpack can realize a reduction of 28.75 % in the vertical oscillation of the load and 21.08 % in the vertical force on the wearer, respectively. Meanwhile, the mechanical-to-electric energy conversion efficiency is modeled and calculated to be 14.02 % under normal walking conditions. The designed backpack has the merits of labor-saving and shock absorption as well as electricity generation, which has the promising potential to be a power source for small-scale wearable and portable electronics, GPS systems, and other self-powered health care sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiyong Yang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaozheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Jia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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