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Rathnayake N, Alwis G, Lenora J, Lekamwasam S. Associations between body composition and cardiovascular disease risk in pre- and postmenopausal women. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:110. [PMID: 37848999 PMCID: PMC10583431 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause transition is a critical phase of women's life since body composition and cardiovascular risk factors begin to change during this period. This study investigated the associations between body composition and cardiovascular disease risk (CVDR) in pre (PrMW) and postmenopausal women (PMW). METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study involving 184 PrMW and 166 PMW, selected randomly from Bope-Poddala area in Galle, Sri Lanka was carried out. Total-body fat mass (TBFM, kg), total body skeletal muscle mass (TBSMM, kg), total body bone mineral density (TBBMD, g/cm2) and total body bone mineral content (TBBMC, g) were measured with total body DXA scanner and they were taken as indices of body composition. CVDR was evaluated using Framingham risk score (FRS%) and individual CVDR factors, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, mmHg), fasting blood sugar (FBS, mg/dl), total cholesterol, (TC, mg/dl), tryglycerides (TG, mg/dl), high-density lipoprotein (HDL, mg/dl) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mg/dl). Correlations between indices of body composition and CVDR factors were assessed with adjusted partial correlation (adjusted for socio-demographic and gynecologic status, age, daily calorie consumption and physical activity level). RESULTS Mean(SD) age of PrMW and PMW were 42.4(6.0) and 55.8(3.8) years respectively. TBFM correlated with SBP and DBP (r range; 0.15 to 0.21) and TBSMM correlated with SBP, DBP and HDL (r range; - 0.24 to 0.17) only in PrMW (p < 0.05). TBBMD correlated only with FBS in PMW (r; - 0.21, p = 0.01). TBBMC did not show correlations with CVDR factors (p > 0.05). Body composition indices did not show correlations with total CVDR estimated by FRS and in both groups of women (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both SBP and DBP are associated with FM and SMM in different ways among PrMW. This association, however, was not seen among PMW. FBS is associated with BMD only in PMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Rathnayake
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka.
| | - Gayani Alwis
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Janaka Lenora
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Sarath Lekamwasam
- Population Health Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
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Nascimento‐Carvalho B, Dos‐Santos A, Da Costa‐Santos N, Carvalho SL, de Moraes OA, Santos CP, De Angelis K, Caperuto EC, Irigoyen M, Scapini K, Sanches IC. Food readjustment plus exercise training improves cardiovascular autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity in high-fat diet-fed ovariectomized mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15609. [PMID: 36898722 PMCID: PMC10005889 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite consensus on the benefits of food readjustment and/or moderate-intensity continuous exercise in the treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors, there is little evidence of the association between these two cardiovascular risk management strategies after menopause. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of food readjustment and/or exercise training on metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, and inflammatory parameters in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet-induced obesity. Forty C57BL/6J ovariectomized mice were divided into the following groups: high-fat diet-fed - 60% lipids throughout the protocol (HF), food readjustment - 60% lipids for 5 weeks, readjusted to 10% for the next 5 weeks (FR), high-fat diet-fed undergoing moderate-intensity exercise training (HFT), and food readjustment associated with moderate-intensity exercise training (FRT). Blood glucose evaluations and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Blood pressure was assessed by direct intra-arterial measurement. Baroreflex sensitivity was tested using heart rate phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside induced blood pressure changes. Cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated in time and frequency domains. Inflammatory profile was evaluated by IL-6, IL-10 cytokines, and TNF-alpha measurements. Only the exercise training associated with food readjustment strategy induced improved functional capacity, body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory profile, and resting bradycardia, while positively changing cardiovascular autonomic modulation and increasing baroreflex sensitivity. Our findings demonstrate that the association of these strategies seems to be effective in the management of cardiometabolic risk in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nascimento‐Carvalho
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao Paulo (InCor‐HCFMUSP)São PauloBrazil
- Human Movement LabSão Judas Tadeu University (USJT)São PauloBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Oscar A. de Moraes
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao Paulo (InCor‐HCFMUSP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Camila P. Santos
- Department of MedicineFederal University of São Paulo (Unifesp)São PauloBrazil
| | - Katia De Angelis
- Department of MedicineFederal University of São Paulo (Unifesp)São PauloBrazil
| | | | - Maria‐Claudia Irigoyen
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao Paulo (InCor‐HCFMUSP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Katia B. Scapini
- Human Movement LabSão Judas Tadeu University (USJT)São PauloBrazil
| | - Iris C. Sanches
- Human Movement LabSão Judas Tadeu University (USJT)São PauloBrazil
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Park HY, Jung WS, Kim SW, Jung K, Lim K. Comparison of Vascular Function, Cardiometabolic Parameters, Hemorheological Function, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Between Middle-Aged Korean Women With and Without Obesity—A Pilot Study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:809029. [PMID: 35422707 PMCID: PMC9002013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.809029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare vascular function, cardiometabolic parameters, hemorheological function, and cardiorespiratory fitness in middle-aged Korean women according to obesity defined using body mass index (BMI). A total of 32 Korean women aged between 34 and 60 years (16 without obesity, mean age 46.31 ± 7.49 years and 16 with obesity, mean age 49.68 ± 6.69 years) participated in this study. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The body composition, vascular function, cardiometabolic parameters, hemorheological function, and cardiorespiratory fitness of all participants were measured. Statistical differences in the dependent parameters between individuals with and without obesity were analyzed, and the correlations between BMI and the dependent variables were verified. The obese group showed significantly worse results (p < 0.05) for body composition (significantly higher weight, BMI, fat mass, and percent body fat), vascular function [significantly higher branchial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and lower flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD)], cardiometabolic parameters [significantly higher insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], hemorheological function (significantly lower erythrocyte deformability and higher aggregation), and cardiorespiratory fitness [significantly lower maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)] compared to the non-obese group. In addition, BMI showed a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with baPWV (r = 0.430); total cholesterol (r = 0.376), triglyceride (r = 0.411), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.462), and insulin (r = 0.477) levels; HOMA-IR (r = 0.443); and erythrocyte aggregation (r = 0.406), and a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) with VO2max (r = −0.482) and FMD (r = −0.412). Our study confirmed that obesity is a major determinant for deterioration of vascular function, cardiometabolic parameters, hemorheological function, and cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Sang Jung
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyounghwa Jung
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kiwon Lim,
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Kaleeswari G, Kalyani CV, Jayarani JS, Rohilla KK. Effect of yoga on pulse rate and blood pressure among women. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3670-3674. [PMID: 34934664 PMCID: PMC8653439 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_113_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Change in the past few decades in human life style, nowadays international health organizations, i.e., World Health Organization are also focusing on prevention along with treatment aspect of chronic illness. Researches focus that women of age group 30–45 years are at increased risk for hypertension and heart disease due to increased weight. Yoga is an effective method to control our physiological variables like blood pressure (BP), pulse, etc. The main aim of this study was to identify the effects of yoga on physiological variables. Methods: The study was an experimental study with two group, pretest and posttest control group, design, which was conducted on 40 female participants. Pranayama and meditation for a period of 6 weeks was done by these women. Results: Yoga therapy significantly reduced the BP (0.000*) and pulse rate (0.000*) of women, which was also statistically proved. Conclusions: Yoga therapy can be an effective method to control BP and pulse rate of patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaleeswari
- College of Nursing, All India Institute Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - C Vasantha Kalyani
- College of Nursing, All India Institute Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - J S Jayarani
- College of Nursing, All India Institute Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kusum K Rohilla
- College of Nursing, All India Institute Medical Science, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Yılmaz G, Bol O. Comparison of femoral and carotid arteries in terms of pulse check in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A prospective observational study. Resuscitation 2021; 162:56-62. [PMID: 33582255 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no gold standard pulse localisation for pulse check in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. AIM To compare the femoral and carotid arteries in terms of pulse check in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and recommend the most appropriate pulse localisation in advanced life support guidelines and cardiopulmonary resuscitation training programmes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively conducted the study with patients who developed non-traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest between September 2018 and March 2019. The pulse check team was established and divided into two groups, A and B. Both carotid and femoral arteries were checked simultaneously for pulse by members of groups A and B, with the groups alternating between sites to avoid bias. We used some criteria to make pulse detection more effective. These were ETCO2, rhythm and cardiac ultrasonography. RESULTS We evaluated 1289 pulse checks in 102 patients. As a result of the statistical analysis with manual palpations and pulses criteria, which we used to detected the presence of a pulse in CPR, we found that the sensitivity of the carotid artery was significantly higher than that of the femoral artery (p = 0.017), with almost identical specificities. CONCLUSION The carotid artery should be recommended as the gold standard localisation for pulse checks in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in CPR training programmes and ACLS guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Yılmaz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Oğuzhan Bol
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Moczulska B, Zechowicz M, Leśniewska S, Osowiecka K, Gromadziński L. The Impact of Obesity on Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56120700. [PMID: 33333957 PMCID: PMC7765350 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: It is commonly known that obesity not only increases arterial hypertension (HT) risk but also impacts on the response to antihypertensives. This study aimed to assess blood pressure (BP) parameters based on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement (ABPM) in obese patients. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 128 patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), with an average age of 43.25 years (±12.42), including 55 males and 73 females. They were divided into 2 groups: 1-with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and <40 kg/m2, 2-with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2. Each patient underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring. The average 24-h, daytime and nighttime systolic and diastolic pressure, as well as 24-h mean heart rate and % of nocturnal dip, were assessed. Results: Mean BMI in group 1 was 34.73 kg/m2 (±2.96), and in group 2 it was 47.6 kg/m2 (±6.3). Group 1 was significantly older than group 2 (46.5 vs. 39 years old). The analysis of ABPM revealed significantly higher BP values in all measurements in group 2 (i.e., systolic blood pressure (SBP) 24 h median = 132 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 24 h median = 84 mmHg). The nocturnal dip was greater in group 1 (8.95%). Mean 24-h heart rate was also higher in group 2 (median = 76 beats/min) than group 1 (median = 67.5 beats/min). More than half of patients in group 2 had been previously treated for HT, and based on ABPM, new HT was diagnosed in 6 patients from group 1 and 14 patients from group 2. Three groups of patients were identified based on nighttime dip: dipper, non-dipper, and reverse-dipper. No patient of the extreme dipper type was found. Group 2 comprised of significantly more patients of the reverse-dipper type. Conclusions: Patients with extreme morbid obesity frequently exhibit HT of the reverse-dipping pattern. This type is often linked with a higher risk of more advanced cardiovascular illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Moczulska
- II Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.Z.); (S.L.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maciej Zechowicz
- II Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.Z.); (S.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Sylwia Leśniewska
- II Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.Z.); (S.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Karolina Osowiecka
- Department of Public Health, Unit of Public Health, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Leszek Gromadziński
- II Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.Z.); (S.L.); (L.G.)
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Logan JG, Kang H, Kim S, Duprez D, Kwon Y, Jacobs DR, Forbang N, Lobo JM, Sohn MW. Association of obesity with arterial stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Vasc Med 2020; 25:309-318. [PMID: 32484395 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x20918940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness (AS) and obesity are recognized as important risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between AS and obesity. AS was defined as high augmentation index (AIx) and low elasticity (C1, large artery elasticity; C2, small artery elasticity) in participants enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis at baseline. We compared AIx, C1, and C2 by body mass index (BMI) (< 25, 25-29.9, 30-39.9, ⩾ 40 kg/m2) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (< 0.85, 0.85-0.99, ⩾ 1). The obesity-AS association was tested across 10-year age intervals. Among 6177 participants (62 ± 10 years old, 52% female), a significant inverse relationship was observed between obesity and AS. After adjustments for CVD risk factors, participants with a BMI > 40 kg/m2 had 5.4% lower AIx (mean difference [Δ] = -0.82%; 95% CI: -1.10, -0.53), 15.4% higher C1 (Δ = 1.66 mL/mmHg ×10; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.33), and 40.2% higher C2 (Δ = 1.49 mL/mmHg ×100; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.83) compared to those with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 (all p for trend < 0.001). Participants with a WHR ⩾ 1 had 5.6% higher C1 (∆ = 0.92 mL/mmHg ×10; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.37) compared to those with a WHR < 0.85. The WHR had a significant interaction with age on AIx and C2, but not with BMI; the inverse relationships of the WHR with AIx and C2 were observed only in participants < 55 years between the normal (WHR < 0.85) and the overweight (0.85 ⩽ WHR < 0.99) groups. Different associations of WHR and BMI with arterial stiffness among older adults should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok G Logan
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hyojung Kang
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Soyoun Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Duprez
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Younghoon Kwon
- UVA Heart and Vascular Center Fontaine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nketi Forbang
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Mason Lobo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Min-Woong Sohn
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Mohammad-Sadeghipour M, Mahmoodi M, Noroozi Karimabad M, Mirzaei MR, Hajizadeh MR. Diosgenin and 4-Hydroxyisoleucine from Fenugreek Are Regulators of Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in The Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW480. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:514-522. [PMID: 32347045 PMCID: PMC7211281 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.6751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective Diosignin and 4-hydroxy-L-isulosine (4-OH-Ile) are the two active ingredients of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum). Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of fenugreek seeds (HEFS), diosgenin and 4-OH-Ile on the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) which are involved in lipid metabolism in SW480 cell line. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, SW480 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium and treated with HEFS, diosignin, 4-OH-Ile or orlistat for 24 and 48 hours. Inhibitory concentration of 20% (IC20) was calculated using MTT method and cells were then pre-treated with the IC20 concentrations for 24 and 48 hours before RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. Changes in the expression of ACC, FAS, PPARγ and LDLR genes were assayed by employing the real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results Our results showed a significant down-regulation in the expression of ACC (P<0.001 and P<0.001 after 24 and 48 hours, respectively) and FAS genes (P<0.001 and P<0.001 after 24 and 48 hours, respectively) in SW480 cells treated with HEFS, diosignin, 4-OH-Ile, or orlistat, but significant up-regulation in the expression of PPARγ (P<0.001 and P<0.001 after 24 and 48 hours, respectively) and LDLR (P=0.005 and P=0.001 after 24 and 48 hours, respectively). Conclusion According to the results of the present study, HEFS, diosgenin and 4-OH-Ile up or down-regulate the expression of some predominant genes involved in lipid metabolism pathway, similar to that observed for orlistat. These types of regulatory effects are presumably proper for the treatment of obesity and overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohammad-Sadeghipour
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipoor Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmoodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipoor Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Research, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Research, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Research, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Research, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Oyenuga AO, Folsom AR, Cheng S, Tanaka H, Meyer ML. Greater Adherence to Life's Simple 7 Is Associated With Less Arterial Stiffness: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:769-776. [PMID: 31090885 PMCID: PMC6636696 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater arterial stiffness is associated independently with increased cardiovascular disease risk. The American Heart Association (AHA) has recommended following "Life's Simple 7 (LS7)" to optimize cardiovascular health; we tested whether better LS7 in middle age is associated with less arterial stiffness in later life. METHODS We studied 4,232 black and white participants aged 45-64 years at the baseline (1987-89) visit of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort who also had arterial stiffness measured in 2011-13 (mean ± SD interval: 23.6 ± 1.0 years). We calculated a 14-point summary score for baseline LS7 and classified participants as having "poor" (0-4), "average" (5-9), or "ideal" (10-14) cardiovascular health. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for arterial stiffening: a high carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV, ≥13.23 m/s) or a high central pulse pressure (central PP, ≥ 82.35 mm Hg). RESULTS The age, race, sex, and heart rate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) for high cfPWV in the "ideal," "average," and "poor" LS7 summary categories were 1 (Reference), 1.30 (1.11, 1.53), and 1.68 (1.10,2.56), respectively (P-trend = 0.0003). Similarly, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) for high central PP across LS7 summary categories were 1 (Reference), 1.48 (1.27, 1.74), and 1.63 (1.04, 2.56), respectively (P-trend <0.0001). CONCLUSION Greater LS7 score in middle age is associated with less arterial stiffness 2-3 decades later. These findings further support the AHA recommendation to follow LS7 for cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi O Oyenuga
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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