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Takahashi F, Hakozaki T, Kanno N, Suzuki S, Harada Y, Soeta S, Nakamura S, Yamaguchi S, Hara Y. Influence of ventral fixation techniques on atlantoaxial joint fusion in canine models with dens partial resection. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:694-699. [PMID: 35387953 PMCID: PMC9177397 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the completeness of bony fusion of the atlantoaxial joint (AAJ) through polymethylmethacrylate fixation (PMF) and atlantoaxial plate fixation (APF) using six canine models with
dens partial resection. In both groups, the hydroxyapatite content at the AAJ was measured up to 7 months postoperatively using quantitative computed tomography. Histological assessment
revealed fibrous fusion in the PMF group. Meanwhile, in the APF group, only one dog achieved fibrous fusion, whereas the remaining three showed bony fusion. To our knowledge, this study was
the first to evaluate AAJ fusion histologically after PMF and APF. The present study demonstrates that PMF and APF may stabilize the AAJ without clinical complications. Therefore, PMF and
APF are clinically useful fixation methods for atlantoaxial instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Takahashi
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Takaharu Hakozaki
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Nobuo Kanno
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Shuji Suzuki
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Yasuji Harada
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Satoshi Soeta
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | | | - Shinya Yamaguchi
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Yasushi Hara
- The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
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Bai Y, Kanno T, Tatsumi H, Miyamoto K, Sha J, Hideshima K, Matsuzaki Y. Feasibility of a Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/poly-d/l-lactide Composite as a Regenerative Biomaterial in Maxillofacial Surgery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E2047. [PMID: 30347816 PMCID: PMC6213607 DOI: 10.3390/ma11102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of a novel three-dimensional (3D) porous composite of uncalcined and unsintered hydroxyapatite (u-HA) and poly-d/l-lactide (PDLLA) (3D-HA/PDLLA) for the bony regenerative biomaterial in maxillofacial surgery, focusing on cellular activities and osteoconductivity properties in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, we assessed the proliferation and ingrowth of preosteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1 cells) in 3D-HA/PDLLA biomaterials using 3D cell culture, and the results indicated enhanced bioactive proliferation. After osteogenic differentiation of those cells on 3D-HA/PDLLA, the osteogenesis marker genes runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2), and Sp7 (Osterix) were upregulated. For the in vivo study, we evaluated the utility of 3D-HA/PDLLA biomaterials compared to the conventional bone substitute of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in rats with critical mandibular bony defects. The implantation of 3D-HA/PDLLA biomaterials resulted in enhanced bone regeneration, by inducing high osteoconductivity as well as higher β-TCP levels. Our study thus showed that the novel composite, 3D-HA/PDLLA, is an excellent bioactive/bioresorbable biomaterial for use as a cellular scaffold, both in vitro and in vivo, and has utility in bone regenerative therapy, such as for patients with irregular maxillofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Tatsumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oki Hospital, 355 Johokumachi, Okinoshima-Cho, Oki-Gun, Shimane 685-0016, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Miyamoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Jingjing Sha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Katsumi Hideshima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Cancer Biology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
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Shao J, Yu M, Jiang L, Wu F, Liu X. Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed genes in herniated discs with or without calcification. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:81-90. [PMID: 27959380 PMCID: PMC5179188 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to detect the differentially expressed genes between ossified herniated discs and herniated discs without ossification. In addition, we sought to identify a few candidate genes and pathways by using bioinformatics analysis. We analyzed 6 samples each of ossified herniated discs (experimental group) and herniated discs without ossification (control group). Purified mRNA and cDNA extracted from the samples were subjected to sequencing. The NOISeq method was used to statistically identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 2 groups. An in-depth analysis using bioinformatics tools based on the DEGs was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction network analysis. The top 6 DEGs were verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A total of 132 DEGs was detected. A total of 129 genes in the ossified group were upregulated and 3 genes were found to be downregulated as compared to the control group. The top 3 cellular components in GO ontologies analysis were extracellular matrix components. GO functions were mainly related to the glycoprotein in the cell membrane and extracellular matrix. The GO process was related to completing response to stimulus, immune reflex and defense. The top 5 KEGG enrichment pathways were associated with infection and inflammation. Three of the top 20 DEGs [sclerostin (SOST), WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) and secreted frizzled related protein 4 (SFRP4)] were related to the inhibition of the Wnt pathway. The ossified discs exhibited a higher expression of the top 6 DEGs [SOST, joining chain of multimeric IgA and IgM (IGJ; also known as JCHAIN), defensin alpha 4 (DEFA4), SFRP4, proteinase 3 (PRTN3) and cathepsin G (CTSG)], with the associated P-values of 0.045, 0.000, 0.008, 0.010, 0.015 and 0.002, respectively, as calculated by the independent sample t-test. The gene expression profiling of the 2 groups revealed differential gene expression. Thus, our data suggest that Wnt pathway abnormality and local inflammation may be related to disc ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Fengliang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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A Comparison of the Process of Remodeling of Hydroxyapatite/Poly-D/L-Lactide and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in a Loading Site. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:730105. [PMID: 26504825 PMCID: PMC4609391 DOI: 10.1155/2015/730105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the most commonly used bioresorbable scaffold is made of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP); it is hoped that scaffolds made of a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly-D/L-lactide (PDLLA) will be able to act as novel bioresorbable scaffolds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of a HA/PDLLA scaffold compared to β-TCP, at a loading site. Dogs underwent surgery to replace a section of tibial bone with a bioresorbable scaffold. After the follow-up period, the scaffold was subjected to histological analysis. The HA/PDLLA scaffold showed similar bone formation and superior cell and tissue infiltration compared to the β-TCP scaffold, as seen after Villanueva Goldner staining. Moreover, silver staining and immunohistochemistry for Von Willebrand factor and cathepsin K demonstrated better cell infiltration in the HA/PDLLA scaffold. The fibrous tissue and cells that had infiltrated into the HA/PDLLA scaffold tested positive for collagen type I and RUNX2, respectively, indicating that the tissue and cells that had infiltrated into the HA/PDLLA scaffold had the potential to differentiate into bone. The HA/PDLLA scaffold is therefore likely to find clinical application as a new bioresorbable scaffold.
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Abdel-Hakiem M, Yamashita A, Atiba A, Okamura Y, Katayama M, Youssef H, Isomura H, Uzuka Y. Expression of NG2 proteoglycan in the degenerated intervertebral disc in dachshunds. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:97-100. [PMID: 26300439 PMCID: PMC4751123 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is not fully understood. The
biomolecular signaling pathways involved in the IVD degeneration require further
investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of NG2 proteoglycan
in the degenerated IVD. IVD samples were obtained from 16 Dachshunds that were confirmed
to have IVD herniation and subsequently underwent hemilaminectomy. The samples were
subjected to histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations. IHC revealed
positive results for the expression of NG2 proteoglycan in all examined samples. The
results showed the expression of NG2 proteoglycan by the degenerated IVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdel-Hakiem
- Division of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
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Iwata M, Aikawa T, Hakozaki T, Arai K, Ochi H, Haro H, Tagawa M, Asou Y, Hara Y. Enhancement of Runx2 expression is potentially linked to β-catenin accumulation in canine intervertebral disc degeneration. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:180-90. [PMID: 24916026 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) greatly affects the quality of life. The nucleus pulposus (NP) of chondrodystrophic dog breeds (CDBs) is similar to the human NP because the cells disappear with age and are replaced by fibrochondrocyte-like cells. Because IVDD develops as early as within the first year of life, we used canines as a model to investigate the in vitro mechanisms underlying IVDD. The mechanism underlying age-related IVDD, however, is poorly understood. Several research groups have suggested that Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in IVDD. However, the role of Wnt/β-catenin signals in IVD cells is not yet well understood. Here, we demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling could enhance Runx2 expression in IVDD and lead to IVD calcification. Nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue was obtained from Beagle dogs after evaluation of the degeneration based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histological analysis showed that lack of Safranin-O staining, calcified area, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13-positive cells increased with progression of the degeneration. Furthermore, the levels of β-catenin- and Runx2-positive cells also increased. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the MRI signal intensity and mRNA expression levels of β-catenin and Runx2 are correlated in NP tissues. Moreover, supplementation of LiCl induced β-catenin accumulation and Runx2 expression. In contrast, FH535 inhibited LiCl-induced upregulation. These results suggest that Runx2 transcript and protein expression, potentially in combination with β-catenin accumulation, are enhanced in degenerated and calcified intervertebral discs of CDBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munetaka Iwata
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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Aikawa T, Shibata M, Asano M, Hara Y, Tagawa M, Orima H. A comparison of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion in French Bulldogs and Dachshunds and association with congenital vertebral anomalies. Vet Surg 2014; 43:301-7. [PMID: 24433331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12102.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare data for French Bulldogs and Dachshunds that had hemilaminectomy for thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (T-L IVDE) by 1 surgeon and to evaluate the association between IVDE and congenital vertebral anomalies. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS French Bulldogs (n = 47) and 671 Dachshunds. METHODS Age, gender, vertebral anomaly, kyphosis/kyphoscoliosis, IVDE site, non-recovery and progressive hemorrhagic myelomalacia development from grade 5 (paraplegia without deep nociception) were compared between the 2 breeds. RESULTS French Bulldogs were significantly younger (P = .00001), more likely to be male (P = .023), and more likely to have a congenital vertebral anomaly and kyphosis/kyphoscoliosis (P < .00001) than Dachshunds. The frequencies of French Bulldogs with IVDE within typical sites (T11-L3) were significantly lower (P = .0005) and within caudal sites (L3-L7) significantly higher (P = .0001) compared with Dachshunds. None of the French Bulldogs had IVDE within the kyphotic/kyphoscoliotic segment. The frequency of lumbar IVDE (L1-L5) in French Bulldogs with kyphosis/kyphoscoliosis was significantly higher (P = .003) compared with French Bulldogs without kyphosis/kyphoscoliosis. In grade 5 dogs, the risk of developing progressive hemorrhagic myelomalacia in French Bulldogs was significantly higher (P = .03) than in Dachshunds. CONCLUSION The distribution of IVDE site in French Bulldogs within the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine was different from Dachshunds. IVDE sites were not located at the sites of vertebral anomaly. French Bulldogs appeared to have T-L IVDE at younger ages, with higher male predisposition and higher risk of developing progressive hemorrhagic myelomalacia from grade 5 compared with Dachshunds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Aikawa
- Aikawa Veterinary Medical Center, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Kyounan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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