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Hanael E, Baruch S, Altman RK, Chai O, Rapoport K, Peery D, Friedman A, Shamir MH. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and decreased transcription of tight junction proteins in epileptic dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:2237-2248. [PMID: 38842297 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy in dogs and humans is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction (BBBD), which may involve dysfunction of tight junction (TJ) proteins, matrix metalloproteases, and astrocytes. Imaging techniques to assess BBB integrity, to identify potential treatment strategies, have not yet been evaluated in veterinary medicine. HYPOTHESIS Some dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE) will exhibit BBBD. Identifying BBBD may improve antiepileptic treatment in the future. ANIMALS Twenty-seven dogs with IE and 10 healthy controls. METHODS Retrospective, prospective cohort study. Blood-brain barrier permeability (BBBP) scores were calculated for the whole brain and piriform lobe of all dogs by using dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subtraction enhancement analysis (SEA). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) activity in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was measured and its expression in the piriform lobe was examined using immunofluorescent staining. Gene expression of TJ proteins and astrocytic transporters was analyzed in the piriform lobe. RESULTS The DCE-MRI analysis of the piriform lobe identified higher BBBP score in the IE group when compared with controls (34.5% vs 26.5%; P = .02). Activity and expression of MMP9 were increased in the serum, CSF, and piriform lobe of IE dogs as compared with controls. Gene expression of Kir4.1 and claudin-5 in the piriform lobe of IE dogs was significantly lower than in control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Our findings demonstrate BBBD in dogs with IE and were supported by increased MMP9 activity and downregulation of astrocytic potassium channels and some TJ proteins. Blood brain barrier dysfunction may be a novel antiepileptic therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Hanael
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shelly Baruch
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rotem Kalev Altman
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Chai
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kira Rapoport
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dana Peery
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Friedman
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Merav H Shamir
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Hanael E, Baruch S, Chai O, Lishitsky L, Blum T, Rapoport K, Ruggeri M, Aizenberg Z, Peery D, Meyerhoff N, Volk HA, De Decker S, Tipold A, Baumgaertner W, Friedman A, Shamir M. Quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance images for characterization of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in dogs with brain tumors. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:606-617. [PMID: 36847997 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability can be assessed quantitatively using advanced imaging analysis. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Quantification and characterization of blood-brain barrier dysfunction (BBBD) patterns in dogs with brain tumors can provide useful information about tumor biology and assist in distinguishing between gliomas and meningiomas. ANIMALS Seventy-eight hospitalized dogs with brain tumors and 12 control dogs without brain tumors. METHODS In a 2-arm study, images from a prospective dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE; n = 15) and a retrospective archived magnetic resonance imaging study (n = 63) were analyzed by DCE and subtraction enhancement analysis (SEA) to quantify BBB permeability in affected dogs relative to control dogs (n = 6 in each arm). For the SEA method, 2 ranges of postcontrast intensity differences, that is, high (HR) and low (LR), were evaluated as possible representations of 2 classes of BBB leakage. BBB score was calculated for each dog and was associated with clinical characteristics and tumor location and class. Permeability maps were generated, using the slope values (DCE) or intensity difference (SEA) of each voxel, and analyzed. RESULTS Distinctive patterns and distributions of BBBD were identified for intra- and extra-axial tumors. At a cutoff of 0.1, LR/HR BBB score ratio yielded a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100% in differentiating gliomas from meningiomas. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Blood-brain barrier dysfunction quantification using advanced imaging analyses has the potential to be used for assessment of brain tumor characteristics and behavior and, particularly, to help differentiating gliomas from meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Hanael
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Shelly Baruch
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Chai
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Liron Lishitsky
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Blum
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Kira Rapoport
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Zahi Aizenberg
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Dana Peery
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
| | - Nina Meyerhoff
- School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Andreas Volk
- School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steven De Decker
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Andrea Tipold
- School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgaertner
- School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alon Friedman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Neuroscience Halifax, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Brain, and Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Merav Shamir
- The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Reehovot, Israel
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Koehler J, Sandey M, Prasad N, Levy SA, Wang X, Wang X. Differential Expression of miRNAs in Hypoxia ("HypoxamiRs") in Three Canine High-Grade Glioma Cell Lines. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:104. [PMID: 32258065 PMCID: PMC7093022 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs with spontaneous high-grade gliomas increasingly are being proposed as useful large animal pre-clinical models for the human disease. Hypoxia is a critical microenvironmental condition that is common in both canine and human high-grade gliomas and drives increased angiogenesis, chemo- and radioresistance, and acquisition of a stem-like phenotype. Some of this effect is mediated by the hypoxia-induced expression of microRNAs, small (~22 nucleotides long), non-coding RNAs that can modulate gene expression through interference with mRNA translation. Using an in vitro model with three canine high-grade glioma cell lines (J3T, SDT3G, and G06A) exposed to 72 h of 1.5% oxygen vs. standard 20% oxygen, we examined the global “hypoxamiR” profile using small RNA-Seq and performed pathway analysis for targeted genes using both Panther and NetworkAnalyst. Important pathways include many that are well-established as being important in glioma biology, general cancer biology, hypoxia, angiogenesis, immunology, and stem-ness, among others. This work provides the first examination of the effect of hypoxia on miRNA expression in the context of canine glioma, and highlights important similarities with the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | - Shawn A Levy
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | - Xiaozhu Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States.,Alabama Agricultural Experimental Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Miller AD, Miller CR, Rossmeisl JH. Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1151. [PMID: 31788444 PMCID: PMC6856054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dog, primary intracranial neoplasia represents ~2-5% of all cancers and is especially common in certain breeds including English and French bulldogs and Boxers. The most common types of primary intracranial cancer in the dog are meningioma, glioma, and choroid plexus tumors, generally occurring in middle aged to older dogs. Much work has recently been done to understand the characteristic imaging and clinicopathologic features of these tumors. The gross and histologic landscape of these tumors in the dog compare favorably to their human counterparts with many similarities noted in histologic patterns, subtype, and grades. Data informing the underlying molecular abnormalities in the canine tumors have only begun to be unraveled, but reveal similar pathways are mutated between canine and human primary intracranial neoplasia. This review will provide an overview of the clinicopathologic features of the three most common forms of primary intracranial cancer in the dog, delve into the comparative aspects between the dog and human neoplasms, and provide an introduction to current standard of care while also highlighting novel, experimental treatments that may help bridge the gap between canine and human cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Miller
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - C. Ryan Miller
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center and Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John H. Rossmeisl
- Section of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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5
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Hughes JR, Taylor-Brown FE, Greville-Heygate O, Constantino-Casas F, Williams DL, Genain MA. Multimodality characteristics of multifocal choroid plexus carcinoma with bilateral calvarial defects in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019; 62:E20-E25. [PMID: 30892784 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An 8-year-old male intact miniature poodle presented for blindness, obtundation, tetraparesis, and vestibular signs. Magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, and ultrasound revealed a left piriform lobe lesion, right cerebellar and left brainstem lesions, and hydrocephalus and bilateral calvarial defects. Histopathology confirmed a choroid plexus carcinoma with meningeal and intraventricular metastases. The calvarial defect did not show evidence of necrosis, osteoclastic resorption, inflammation or neoplastic infiltration, reflecting a quiescent calvarial atrophy or dysplasia. These novel findings supported inclusion of bone atrophy secondary to chronic increased intracranial pressure as a differential diagnosis for large calvarial defects in dogs with choroid plexus carcinoma.
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Guo H, Sun Z, Wei J, Xiang Y, Qiu L, Guo L, Zhao W, Xu Z, Mao J. Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Pituitary Adenomas and Their Relationships with Prognosis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:1-6. [PMID: 30676069 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in pituitary adenomas (PAs), and to analyze the relationship of the expressions of the two with the prognosis of patients. METHODS A total of 108 patients with PAs diagnosed in our hospital from May 2010 to May 2012 were selected and divided into the invasive PA (IPA) group (n = 58) and the non-IPA group (n = 50) according to the invasiveness of PAs. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the pathological state of patients. The expression levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting at protein level and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at gene level, respectively. The expression levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in serum of patients before operation were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and patients with PAs after operation were followed up. RESULT The positive expression rate of MMP-9 in IPAs was significantly higher than that in non-IPAs, whereas that of TIMP-1 was relatively high in non-IPAs, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). At both protein and gene levels, MMP-9 was highly expressed in IPAs, whereas TIMP-1 was highly expressed in non-IPAs, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05 in all comparisons). Before operation, the expression level of MMP-9 in serum of patients with IPAs was relatively high, whereas that of TIMP-1 in serum of patients with non-IPAs was relatively high, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05 in all comparisons). CONCLUSION The postoperative survival rate of patients with highly expressed MMP-9 was relatively low, whereas that of patients with highly expressed TIMP-1 was relatively high. The abnormal expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 play important roles in the invasion process of PAs. The prognoses of patients with low expression MMP-9 and high expression TIMP-1 are more positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Zhaosheng Sun
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Jianhui Wei
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Lianfeng Guo
- 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Wangmiao Zhao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Zhanyi Xu
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Jianhui Mao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
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7
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Recio A, de la Fuente C, Pumarola M, Espada Y, Añor S. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic characteristics of a glioma causing calvarial erosion in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2017; 60:E1-E5. [PMID: 28449234 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An 8-year-old female Boxer was examined for acute onset of seizures. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an intra-axial mass with imaging features consistent with glioma was observed in the right cerebral hemisphere. A defect in the temporal bone adjacent to the mass was observed. Postmortem computed tomography (CT) confirmed temporal bone osteolysis and necropsy demonstrated a glioblastoma with associated calvarial erosion. Although occasionally described in human medicine, to our knowledge, this is the first description of a brain glioma causing calvarial erosion in a dog. Glioma should be included as a differential diagnosis for intracranial lesions that could cause bony changes in the skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Recio
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian de la Fuente
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Pumarola
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yvonne Espada
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sònia Añor
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Rempe RG, Hartz AMS, Bauer B. Matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and blood-brain barrier: Versatile breakers and makers. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2016; 36:1481-507. [PMID: 27323783 PMCID: PMC5012524 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16655551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases are versatile endopeptidases with many different functions in the body in health and disease. In the brain, matrix metalloproteinases are critical for tissue formation, neuronal network remodeling, and blood-brain barrier integrity. Many reviews have been published on matrix metalloproteinases before, most of which focus on the two best studied matrix metalloproteinases, the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their role in one or two diseases. In this review, we provide a broad overview of the role various matrix metalloproteinases play in brain disorders. We summarize and review current knowledge and understanding of matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and at the blood-brain barrier in neuroinflammation, multiple sclerosis, cerebral aneurysms, stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain cancer. We discuss the detrimental effects matrix metalloproteinases can have in these conditions, contributing to blood-brain barrier leakage, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, demyelination, tumor angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis. We also discuss the beneficial role matrix metalloproteinases can play in neuroprotection and anti-inflammation. Finally, we address matrix metalloproteinases as potential therapeutic targets. Together, in this comprehensive review, we summarize current understanding and knowledge of matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and at the blood-brain barrier in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf G Rempe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Anika M S Hartz
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Björn Bauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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9
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Dickinson PJ, York D, Higgins RJ, LeCouteur RA, Joshi N, Bannasch D. Chromosomal Aberrations in Canine Gliomas Define Candidate Genes and Common Pathways in Dogs and Humans. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016; 75:700-10. [PMID: 27251041 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous gliomas in dogs occur at a frequency similar to that in humans and may provide a translational model for therapeutic development and comparative biological investigations. Copy number alterations in 38 canine gliomas, including diffuse astrocytomas, glioblastomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed oligoastrocytomas, were defined using an Illumina 170K single nucleotide polymorphism array. Highly recurrent alterations were seen in up to 85% of some tumor types, most notably involving chromosomes 13, 22, and 38, and gliomas clustered into 2 major groups consisting of high-grade IV astrocytomas, or oligodendrogliomas and other tumors. Tumor types were characterized by specific broad and focal chromosomal events including focal loss of the INK4A/B locus in glioblastoma and loss of the RB1 gene and amplification of the PDGFRA gene in oligodendrogliomas. Genes associated with the 3 critical pathways in human high-grade gliomas (TP53, RB1, and RTK/RAS/PI3K) were frequently associated with canine aberrations. Analysis of oligodendrogliomas revealed regions of chromosomal losses syntenic to human 1p involving tumor suppressor genes, such as CDKN2C, as well as genes associated with apoptosis, autophagy, and response to chemotherapy and radiation. Analysis of high frequency chromosomal aberrations with respect to human orthologues may provide insight into both novel and common pathways in gliomagenesis and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Dickinson
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California.
| | - Dan York
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California
| | - Robert J Higgins
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California
| | - Richard A LeCouteur
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California
| | - Danika Bannasch
- From the Departments of Surgical and Radiological Sciences (PJD, DY, RAL), Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (RJH), and Population Health & Reproduction (DB), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, and Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center (NJ) University of California, Davis, California
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11
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Abstract
Cross-sectional imaging techniques have facilitated diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, there is still frequently a lack of definition of the cause of neurologic lesions, because tissue sampling from the pathologic site is often difficult and there are few clinical diagnostic tools to assist diagnosis. Biomarkers can assist in understanding the cause, diagnosis, severity, and prognosis for neural injury. Integration of conventional testing and new diagnostic techniques will overcome shortcomings in understanding infectious diseases of the CNS. Diagnostic tests may be limited by poor positive and negative predictive values, which must be recognized when interpreting test results.
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12
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Dickinson P. Advances in diagnostic and treatment modalities for intracranial tumors. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:1165-85. [PMID: 24814688 PMCID: PMC4857954 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial neoplasia is a common clinical condition in domestic companion animals, particularly in dogs. Application of advances in standard diagnostic and therapeutic modalities together with a broad interest in the development of novel translational therapeutic strategies in dogs has resulted in clinically relevant improvements in outcome for many canine patients. This review highlights the status of current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to intracranial neoplasia and areas of novel treatment currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.J. Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCA
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