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Schlesener BN, Peck EA, Teplitz EM, Espinheira Gomes F, Bowman DD, Lucio-Forster A, Ledbetter EC. Feline ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by Cuterebra larvae: four cases (2005-2020). J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:189-197. [PMID: 33988048 PMCID: PMC10812180 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x211013021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CASE SERIES SUMMARY Described are four cats diagnosed with ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by Cuterebra larvae. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify cats with ophthalmomyiasis externa between 2005 and 2020 at Cornell University Hospital for Animals. Signalment, history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment and outcome were recorded. All cats were young (< 3 years of age), had outdoor access and were initially examined during the summer months. All cases had unilateral disease with the right eye affected. Two cases had nictitating membrane lesions and two had orbital disease. Concurrent superficial corneal ulceration was present in three cats. Two cats suffered from pyrexia, suspected secondary to inflammation from the larval infestation. Successful larval removal was performed in all cats, which resulted in improvement of discomfort and clinical signs. A corneal ulcer persisted in one cat, which was lost to follow-up prior to ulcer resolution. Parasite identification confirmed Cuterebra species infestation in all cases. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of feline ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by Cuterebra species. Parasite removal was successful in restoring comfort and resolving clinical signs in all cats with adequate follow-up information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Schlesener
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Peck
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Eric M Teplitz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Filipe Espinheira Gomes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Dwight D Bowman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Araceli Lucio-Forster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Eric C Ledbetter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Fatal cerebral cuterebrosis in a dog. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 26:100636. [PMID: 34879948 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 4-year-old intact female Yorkshire Terrier presented an acute onset of hypersalivation and depressed mentation. The owner reported that the dog displayed tremors, right-sided torticollis, right-sided head tilt, and lifting of the left forelimb. The dog appeared restless and confused, and the condition progressed to lethargy and death on the way to an emergency hospital. At necropsy, a single 10 mm long x 1 mm wide, pale gray, botfly larva with black spines was found along the cerebral meninges. Areas of hemorrhage were noted in the right cerebral hemisphere. Microscopically, these areas also had evidence of necrosis and inflammation. Morphology of the larva allowed confirmation of subfamily-level identification as Cuterebrinae, and presumed genus-level identification of Cuterebra. Species-level identification of the larva as C. abdominalis was achieved through DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing at the cytochrome oxidase subunits 1 and 2 (COI and COII), followed by phylogenetic analysis. Aberrant cuterebrosis is a poorly documented condition in dogs that may cause neurologic signs and lead to death.
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Ribeiro Campos D, Pereira de Assis RC, de Oliveira Chaves JK, Pereira Salça de Almeida G, Santos Lima EA, de Moraes Intrieri J, Barbour Scott F. Furuncular myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis in five cats and efficacy of topical fluralaner for its treatment. Vet Dermatol 2021; 32:438-e117. [PMID: 34240488 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatobia hominis (D. hominis) is a botfly that causes furuncular myiasis in several species of domestic and wild animals. However, reports of feline infestation by larvae of this dipteran are rare. OBJECTIVE To report the natural occurrence of furuncular myiasis caused by D. hominis in five cats and the efficacy of topical fluralaner for its treatment. ANIMALS Five adult mixed-breed cats (four males, one female) were diagnosed and treated, all living in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTS The cats were treated with topical fluralaner. After this treatment, the larvae were dead after 24 h in three cats and after 48 h in two. There was spontaneous expulsion of larvae in two cats, and it was necessary to perform manual expression for removal of dead larvae in the other three cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Dermatobia hominis can cause furuncular myiasis in cats, although this appears to be less common than in other animal species. Topical fluralaner proved to be effective in the treatment of this parasitic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diefrey Ribeiro Campos
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Rayane Christine Pereira de Assis
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Karoline de Oliveira Chaves
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pereira Salça de Almeida
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Emily Andressa Santos Lima
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Moraes Intrieri
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Fabio Barbour Scott
- Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
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Pezzi M, Scapoli C, Chicca M, Leis M, Marchetti MG, Del Zingaro CNF, Vicentini CB, Mamolini E, Giangaspero A, Bonacci T. Cutaneous myiasis in cats and dogs: Cases, predisposing conditions and risk factors. Vet Med Sci 2020; 7:378-384. [PMID: 33336900 PMCID: PMC8025654 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cases of cutaneous myiasis diagnosed in 2018 in Emilia‐Romagna region (northern Italy) were reported. The first one, described in a domestic cat Felis silvestris catus L. (Carnivora: Felidae) and caused by Calliphora vicina Robineau‐Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae), was the first one of this type ever reported in Italy in cats. The second one was described in a domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris L. (Carnivora: Canidae) and caused by Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and was unusual because it occurred in absence of lesions. An extensive literature search on cutaneous myiasis in these two domestic animal species was performed in order to draw attention to predisposing conditions and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pezzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Milvia Chicca
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marilena Leis
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elisabetta Mamolini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annunziata Giangaspero
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Bonacci
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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Pezzi M, Bonacci T, Leis M, Mamolini E, Marchetti MG, Krčmar S, Chicca M, Del Zingaro CNF, Faucheux MJ, Scapoli C. Myiasis in domestic cats: a global review. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:372. [PMID: 31358036 PMCID: PMC6664729 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Myiasis is an infestation caused by larvae of Diptera in humans and other vertebrates. In domestic cats, Felis silvestris catus L. (Carnivora: Felidae), four dipteran families have been reported as agents of obligatory and facultative myiasis: Oestridae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae and Muscidae. Among agents of obligatory myiasis, the most frequent genus is Cuterebra Clark (Oestridae) and the most frequent species is Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Calliphoridae). Among the agents of facultative myiasis, the most frequent species is Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Calliphoridae). A survey of myiasis in cats reported in literature shows that the cases are distributed worldwide and linked to the geographical range of the dipteran species. Factors favouring the occurrence of myiasis in cats are prowling in infested areas, poor hygiene conditions due to diseases and/or neglect, and wounds inflicted during territorial or reproductive competition. The aim of the review is to provide an extended survey of literature on myiasis in cats, as general information and possible development of guidelines for veterinarians, entomologists and other researchers interested in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pezzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Teresa Bonacci
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Marilena Leis
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mamolini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stjepan Krčmar
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milvia Chicca
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Michel J. Faucheux
- Laboratoire d’Endocrinologie des Insectes Sociaux, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, B. P. 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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