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Sugawara H, Furuta T, Sumiyoshi A, Iiyama M, Kamitani M, Suzuki A, Murakami A, Abe O, Aoki I, Akai H. Feasibility study of direct CT lymphangiography in mice: comparison with interstitial CT/MR lymphangiography. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:5028-5036. [PMID: 36719498 PMCID: PMC10290010 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish a CT lymphangiography method in mice via direct lymph node puncture. METHODS We injected healthy mice (n = 8) with 50 µl of water-soluble iodine contrast agent (iomeprol; iodine concentration, 350 mg/mL) subcutaneously into the left-rear foot pad (interstitial injection) and 20 µl of the same contrast agent directly into the popliteal lymph node (direct puncture) 2 days later. Additionally, we performed interstitial MR lymphangiography on eight mice as a control group. We calculated the contrast ratio for each lymph node and visually assessed the depiction of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels on a three-point scale. RESULTS The contrast ratios of 2-min post-injection images of sacral and lumbar-aortic lymph nodes were 20.7 ± 16.6 (average ± standard deviation) and 17.1 ± 12.0 in the direct puncture group, which were significantly higher than those detected in the CT or MR interstitial lymphangiography groups (average, 1.8-3.6; p = 0.008-0.019). The visual assessment scores for sacral lymph nodes, lumbar-aortic lymph nodes, and cisterna chyli were significantly better in the direct puncture group than in the CT interstitial injection group (p = 0.036, 0.009 and 0.001, respectively). The lymphatic vessels between these structures were significantly better scored in direct puncture group than in the CT or MR interstitial lymphangiography groups at 2 min after injection (all p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In CT lymphangiography in mice, the direct lymph node puncture provides a better delineation of the lymphatic pathways than the CT/MR interstitial injection method. KEY POINTS • The contrast ratios of 2-min post-injection images in the direct CT lymphangiography group were significantly higher than those of CT/MR interstitial lymphangiography groups. • The visibility of lymphatic vessels in subjective analysis in the direct CT lymphangiography group was significantly better in the direct puncture group than in the CT/MR interstitial lymphangiography groups. • CT lymphangiography with direct lymph node puncture can provide excellent lymphatic delineation with contrast being maximum at 2 min after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruto Sugawara
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Furuta
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akira Sumiyoshi
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-0004, Japan
| | - Megumi Iiyama
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-0004, Japan
| | - Masaru Kamitani
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Aiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Nakahara Ward, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshicho, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan
| | - Arao Murakami
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Nakahara Ward, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshicho, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, 263-0004, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Akai
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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Frueh FS, Gassert L, Scheuer C, Müller A, Fries P, Boewe AS, Ampofo E, Rübe CE, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments promote lymphangiogenesis in a murine lymphedema model. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221109957. [PMID: 35923176 PMCID: PMC9340320 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221109957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphedema after cancer treatment is common and there is still no cure for this disease. We herein investigated the lymphangiogenic capacity of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF), which contain stem cells and lymphatic vessel fragments. Secondary lymphedema was induced in the hindlimbs of C57BL/6J mice. Green fluorescence protein (GFP)+ MVF were isolated from transgenic C57BL/6Tg (CAG-EGFP)1Osb/J mice, suspended in collagen hydrogel, and injected in the lymphadenectomy defect of wild-type animals. This crossover model allowed the detection of MVF-derived blood and lymphatic vessels after transplantation. The MVF group was compared with animals receiving collagen hydrogel only or a sham intervention. Lymphangiogenic effects were analyzed using volumetry, magnetic resonance (MR) lymphography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. MVF injection resulted in reduced hindlimb volumes when compared to non-treated controls. MR lymphography revealed lymphatic regeneration with reduced dermal backflow after MVF treatment. Finally, MVF transplantation promoted popliteal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis associated with a significantly increased microvessel and lymphatic vessel density. These findings indicate that MVF transplantation represents a promising approach to induce therapeutic lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian S Frueh
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Laura Gassert
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Claudia Scheuer
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andreas Müller
- Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Peter Fries
- Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anne S Boewe
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Claudia E Rübe
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Pan HP, Lao Q, Fei ZH, Yang L, Zhou HC, Lai C. MR Lymphangiography for Focal Disruption of the Thoracic Duct in Chylothorax of an Infant: a Case Report and Literature Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 32:265-268. [PMID: 29301603 DOI: 10.24920/j1001-9294.2017.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion in children, and it is usually difficult to identify the location of chyle leakage due to the small size of the thoracic duct in children. Herein we report an infant case with chylothorax whose leakage of the thoracic duct was successfully located by magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL) using pre-contrast MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and gadodiamide-enhanced spectral presaturation inversion recovery (SPIR) T1-weighted imaging, which demonstrate the imaging method is easy and effective for detecting the focal disruption of the thoracic duct in children with chylothorax and younger than 8 months old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Pan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China; Department of Radiology, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qun Lao
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zheng-Hua Fei
- Department of Radiology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052
| | - Hai-Chun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052
| | - Can Lai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052
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Magnetic Resonance Lymphography at 9.4 T Using a Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticle in Rats: Investigations in Healthy Animals and in a Hindlimb Lymphedema Model. Invest Radiol 2018; 52:725-733. [PMID: 28678084 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) in small animals is a promising but challenging tool in preclinical lymphatic research. In this study, we compared the gadolinium (Gd)-based nanoparticle AGuIX with Gd-DOTA for interstitial MRL in healthy rats and in a chronic rat hindlimb lymphedema model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comparative study with AGuIX and Gd-DOTA for interstitial MRL was performed in healthy Lewis rats (n = 6). For this purpose, 75 μL of 3 mM AGuIX (containing 30 mM Gd-DOTA side residues) and 75 μL 30 mM Gd-DOTA were injected simultaneously in the right and left hindlimbs. Repetitive high-resolution, 3-dimensional time-of-flight gradient recalled echo MRL sequences were acquired over a period of 90 minutes using a 9.4 T animal scanner. Gadofosveset-enhanced MR angiography and surgical dissection after methylene blue injection served as supportive imaging techniques. In a subsequent proof-of-principle study, AGuIX-based MRL was investigated in a hindlimb model of chronic lymphedema (n = 4). Lymphedema of the right hindlimbs was induced by means of popliteal and inguinal lymphadenectomy and irradiation with 20 Gy. The nonoperated left hindlimbs served as intraindividual controls. Six, 10, and 14 weeks after lymphadenectomy, MRL investigations were performed to objectify lymphatic reorganization. Finally, skin samples of the lymphedematous and the contralateral control hindlimbs were analyzed by means of histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AGuIX-based MRL resulted in high-resolution anatomical depiction of the rodent hindlimb lymphatic system. Signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of the popliteal lymph node were increased directly after injection and remained significantly elevated for up to 90 minutes after application. AGuIX provided significantly higher and prolonged signal intensity enhancement as compared with Gd-DOTA. Furthermore, AGuIX-based MRL demonstrated lymphatic regeneration in the histopathologically verified chronic lymphedema model. Collateral lymphatic vessels were detectable 6 weeks after lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that AGuIX is a suitable contrast agent for preclinical interstitial MRL in rodents. AGuIX yields anatomical imaging of lymphatic vessels with diameters greater than 200 μm. Moreover, it resides in the lymphatic system for a prolonged time. AGuIX may therefore facilitate high-resolution MRL-based analyses of the lymphatic system in rodents.
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Abstract
MRI contrast is often enhanced using a contrast agent. Gd3+-complexes are the most widely used metallic MRI agents, and several types of Gd3+-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been developed. Furthermore, recent advances in MRI technology have, in part, been driven by the development of new GBCAs. However, when designing new functional GBCAs in a small-molecular-weight or nanoparticle form for possible clinical applications, their functions are often compromised by poor pharmacokinetics and possible toxicity. Although great progress must be made in overcoming these limitations and many challenges remain, new functional GBCAs with either small-molecular-weight or nanoparticle forms offer an exciting opportunity for use in precision medicine.
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Akai H, Shiraishi K, Yokoyama M, Yasaka K, Nojima M, Inoue Y, Abe O, Ohtomo K, Kiryu S. PEG-poly(L-lysine)-based polymeric micelle MRI contrast agent: Feasibility study of a Gd-micelle contrast agent for MR lymphography. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 47:238-245. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Akai
- Department of Radiology; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kouichi Shiraishi
- Medical Engineering Laboratory; Research Center for Medical Science, Jikei University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masayuki Yokoyama
- Medical Engineering Laboratory; Research Center for Medical Science, Jikei University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Koichiro Yasaka
- Department of Radiology; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- Division of Advanced Medicine Promotion; Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology; Kitasato University School of Medicine; Kanagawa Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology; Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kuni Ohtomo
- International University of Health and Welfare; Tochigi Japan
| | - Shigeru Kiryu
- Department of Radiology; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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Sevick-Muraca EM, Kwon S, Rasmussen JC. Emerging lymphatic imaging technologies for mouse and man. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:905-14. [PMID: 24590275 DOI: 10.1172/jci71612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic circulatory system has diverse functions in lipid absorption, fluid homeostasis, and immune surveillance and responds dynamically when presented with infection, inflammation, altered hemodynamics, and cancer. Visualization of these dynamic processes in human disease and animal models of disease is key to understanding the contributory role of the lymphatic circulatory system in disease and to devising effective therapeutic strategies. Longitudinal, non-destructive, and repeated imaging is necessary to expand our understanding of disease progression and regression in basic science and clinical investigations. Herein we summarize recent advances in in vivo lymphatic imaging employing magnetic resonance, computed tomography, lymphoscintigraphy, and emerging optical techniques with respect to their contributory roles in both basic science and clinical research investigations.
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