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Vera-Baquero FL, Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Improving the food safety of bakery products by simultaneously monitoring the occurrence of pyrrolizidine, tropane and opium alkaloids. Food Chem 2024; 460:140769. [PMID: 39126947 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The exponential number of food alerts about concerning levels of some plant-alkaloids, such as pyrrolizidine, tropane and opium alkaloids, have stressed the need to monitor their occurrence in foods to avoid toxic health effects derived from their intake. Therefore, analytical strategies to simultaneously monitor the occurrence of these alkaloids should be developed to ensure food safety an comply with regulations. Accordingly, this work proposes an efficient multicomponent analytical strategy for the simultaneous extraction of these alkaloids from commercial bakery products. The analytical method was validated and applied to the analysis of 15 samples, revealing that 100% of them contained at least one of the target alkaloids, in some cases exceeding the maximum limits legislated. Moreover, in two samples the 3 different alkaloid families were detected. These results confirm the importance of simultaneously monitoring these alkaloids in food and highlight also considering some opium alkaloids in current legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando L Vera-Baquero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain.
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2
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Wang Z, Han K, Feng Z, Sun B, Zhang S, Wang S, Jiang H. Dual-functional probe-based multi-signal immunosensor platform for tropane alkaloids: Verification and evaluation. Food Chem 2024; 463:141298. [PMID: 39316901 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to realise rapid detecting of tropane alkaloids (TAs) in food. For this purpose, a broad-spectrum single-chain fragment variable was fused with horseradish peroxidase to create an antibody-enzyme complex (AEC) with antigen recognition and catalytic activity. A multi-signal immunosensor platform based on AEC in the direct competitive reaction mode was constructed using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine and 10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine as substrates. The sensitivity of TAs in the immunosensor platform ranged from 0.25 μg/kg to 7912.46 μg/kg. Honey was selected as a representative food sample, and the limit of detection of TAs in honey ranged from 0.02 μg/kg to 409.11 μg/kg, with a recovery rate of 65.7 %-117.1 % and a coefficient of variation less than 21.4 %. Results showed that the immunosensor platform possesses satisfactory accuracy and precision, which highlights its potential for practical applications and its suitability as an ideal tool for rapid screening of TAs in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zile Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Feng
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyan Sun
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Samsami H, Maali-Amiri R. Global insights into intermediate metabolites: Signaling, metabolic divergence and stress response modulation in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108862. [PMID: 38917735 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Climate change-induced environmental stresses pose significant challenges to plant survival and agricultural productivity. In response, many plants undergo genetic reprogramming, resulting in profound alterations in metabolic pathways and the production of diverse secondary metabolites. As a critical molecular junction, intermediate metabolites by targeted intensification or suppression of subpathways channel cell resources into a multifaceted array of functions such as cell signals, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, ROS homeostasis, producing defensive and protective molecules, epigenetic regulation and stress memory, phytohormones biosynthesis and cell wall architecture under stress conditions. Unlike the well-established functions of end products, intermediate metabolites are context-dependent and produce enigmatic alternatives during stress. As key components of signal transduction pathways, intermediate metabolites with relay and integration of stress signals ensure responses to stress combinations. Investigating efficient metabolic network pathways and their role in regulating unpredictable paths from upstream to downstream levels can unlock their full potential to shape the future of agriculture and ensure global food security. Here, we summarized the activity of some intermediate metabolites, from the perception step to tolerance responses to stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Samsami
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Reza Maali-Amiri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
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Mahmoudi S, Chaichi MJ, Shamsipur M, Nazari OL, Samadi Mayodi AR. Determination of Atropine by HPLC in Plant of Datura by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Magnet Solid-Phase Extraction. J Chromatogr Sci 2024; 62:182-190. [PMID: 37316168 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid found in abundance in Datura plant. We used two liquid-liquid extraction methods and magnet solid-phase extraction to compare the amount of atropine in these two types of plants (Datura innoxia and Datura stramonium). The surface magnetic nanoparticle Fe3O4 correction with an amine and dextrin, and finally, magnetic solid-phase extraction Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-dextrin (MNPs-dextrin), was prepared. We determined the effect of significant parameters in the removal step and optimization of atropine measurements with half-fractional factorial design (25-1) and response surface methodology via central composite design. The optimum conditions are for desorption solvent = 0.5 mL methanol and desorption time of 5 min. We obtained an extraction recovery of 87.63% with a relative standard deviation of 4.73% via six frequented measurements on a 1 μg L-1 atropine standard solution based on the optimum condition. Preconcentration factors for MNPs are 81, limit of detection = 0.76 μg L-1 and limit of quantitation = 2.5 μg L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaida Mahmoudi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 474161-3534, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Razi, Kermanshah 671441-4971, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Chaichi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 474161-3534, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shamsipur
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Razi, Kermanshah 671441-4971, Iran
| | - Ome Leila Nazari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 474161-3534, Iran
| | - Abdol Rauf Samadi Mayodi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 474161-3534, Iran
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5
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Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Miniaturized Analytical Strategy Based on μ-SPEed for Monitoring the Occurrence of Pyrrolizidine and Tropane Alkaloids in Honey. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:819-832. [PMID: 38109357 PMCID: PMC10786043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the analysis of trace-level contaminants in food must be addressed following green analytical chemistry principles and with a commitment to the sustainable development goals. Accordingly, a sustainable and ecofriendly microextraction procedure based on μ-SPEed followed by ultrahigh liquid chromatography coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry analysis was developed to determine the occurrence of pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids in honey samples. The μ-SPEed procedure took approximately 3 min per sample, using only 100 μL of organic solvent and 300 μL of diluted sample. The method was properly validated (overall recoveries 72-100% and precision RSD values ≤15%), and its greenness was scored at 0.61 out of 1. The method was applied to different honey samples, showing overall contamination levels from 32 to 177 μg/kg of these alkaloids. Atropine was found in all the samples, whereas retrorsine N-oxide, lasiocarpine, echimidine, and echimidine N-oxide were the main pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the samples analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan
Carlos, C/Tulipán
s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Wang Z, Ma Q, Zheng P, Xie S, Yao K, Zhang J, Shao B, Jiang H. Generation of broad-spectrum recombinant antibody and construction of colorimetric immunoassay for tropane alkaloids: Recognition mechanism and application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132247. [PMID: 37597393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Tropane alkaloids (TAs) have emerged as plant toxins, related to poisoning events. The development of stable antibodies is crucial to ensure the effectiveness of immunological methods in quickly and accurately monitoring these alkaloids. In this study, based on hybridoma, the variable region gene of monoclonal antibody (mAb) was amplified, and the recombinant antibody (rAb) gene sequence (VH-Linker-VL) was successfully constructed and expressed in HEK293F. The obtained rAb has kept the same performance as mAb, and the IC50 of 29 TAs ranged from 0.12 to 2642.78 ng/mL. In the recognition mechanism, the docking and dynamics model identified hydrophobic interaction as the most critical force. Substituent will impact recognition by influencing the spatial structure and hydrophobic properties. Then, a colorimetric immunoassay based on rAb was established, five types of water and thirty-nine nectars of honey were tested. The results demonstrated the absence of TAs in environmental water, whereas atropine was detected in more than 13.47% of honey samples at concentrations exceeding 1 μg/kg. The results show a good correlation with UHPLC-MS/MS, suggesting that the immunoassay has excellent screening ability. The data on TAs in honey and water could serve as a foundation for developing relevant policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zile Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Pimiao Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanlei Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Sousa AC, Ribeiro C, Gonçalves VMF, Pádua I, Leal S. Chromatographic Methods for Detection and Quantification of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Flora, Herbal Medicines, and Food: An Overview. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37300809 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2218476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are natural toxins produced by some plants that gained special interest due to their potential hazardous effects in humans and animals. These substances have been found in wild flora, herbal medicines and food products raising health concerns. Recently, maximum concentration levels of PAs were established for some food products; however, maximum daily intake frequently surpasses the upper limit set by the competent authorities posing a health risk. Given the scarcity or absence of occurrence data on PAs in many products, there is an urgent need to measure their levels and establish safety intake levels. Analytical methods have been reported to detect and quantify PAs in different matrices. The commonly used chromatographic methodologies provides accurate and reliable results. Analytical methods include diverse steps as extraction and sample preparation procedures that are critical for sensitivity and selectivity of the analytical method. Great efforts have been directed toward optimization of extraction procedures, clean up and chromatographic conditions to improve recovery, reduce matrix effects, and achieve low limits of detection and quantification. Therefore, this paper aims to give a general overview about the occurrence of PAs in flora, herbal medicines, and foodstuff; and discuss the different chromatographic methodologies used for PAs analysis, namely extraction and sample preparation procedures and chromatographic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Sousa
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Virgínia M F Gonçalves
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Inês Pádua
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- Epidemiology Unit - Institute of Public Health of University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Leal
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- CINTESIS-RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Roncada P, Isani G, Peloso M, Dalmonte T, Bonan S, Caprai E. Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Monofloral and Multifloral Italian Honey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5410. [PMID: 37048023 PMCID: PMC10094242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are secondary metabolites produced by plants as a self-defense against insects. After bioactivation in the liver, some PAs can cause acute or chronic toxicity in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of PAs in 121 samples of monofloral and multifloral honey from three different Italian regions (Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Marche and Calabria) to meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) suggestion. An in-house liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was validated according to European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) performance criteria. This method allowed the detection and quantification of 35 PAs. Of the 121 honey samples, 38 (31%), mostly from Calabria, contained PAs. The total content of the PAs ranged from 0.9 µg/kg to 33.1 µg/kg. In particular, echimidine was the most prevalent PA. A rapid human exposure assessment to PAs in honey and a risk characterization was performed using the EFSA RACE tool. The assessment highlighted a potential health concern only for toddlers who frequently consume elevated quantities of honey. This study showed a low presence of PAs in Italian honey; however, the importance of continuously monitoring these compounds is stressed, along with the suggestion that the relevant authorities establish maximum limits to guarantee support for producers and consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roncada
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Tolara di sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Gloria Isani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Tolara di sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Peloso
- National Reference Laboratory for Plant Toxins in Food, Food Chemical Department, IZSLER, Via Fiorini, 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Thomas Dalmonte
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Tolara di sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Bonan
- National Reference Laboratory for Plant Toxins in Food, Food Chemical Department, IZSLER, Via Fiorini, 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caprai
- National Reference Laboratory for Plant Toxins in Food, Food Chemical Department, IZSLER, Via Fiorini, 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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