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Roda VMDP, da Silva RA, Siqueira PV, Lustoza-Costa GJ, Moraes GM, Matsuda M, Hamassaki DE, Santos MF. Inhibition of Rho kinase (ROCK) impairs cytoskeletal contractility in human Müller glial cells without effects on cell viability, migration, and extracellular matrix production. Exp Eye Res 2024; 238:109745. [PMID: 38043763 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The epiretinal membrane is a fibrocontractile tissue that forms on the inner surface of the retina, causing visual impairment ranging from mild to severe, and even retinal detachment. Müller glial cells actively participate in the formation of this membrane. Current research is constantly seeking for new therapeutic approaches that aim to prevent or treat cellular dysfunctions involved in the progression of this common fibrosis condition. The Rho GTPases signaling pathway regulates several processes associated with the epiretinal membrane, such as cell proliferation, migration, and contraction. Rho kinase (ROCK), an effector of the RhoA GTPase, is an interesting potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a ROCK inhibitor (Y27632) on human Müller cells viability, growth, cytoskeletal organization, expression of extracellular matrix components, myofibroblast differentiation, migration, and contractility. Müller cells of the MIO-M1 lineage were cultured and treated for different periods with the inhibitor. Viability was evaluated by MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion method, and growth was evaluated by growth curve and BrdU incorporation assay. The actin cytoskeleton was stained with fluorescent phalloidin, intermediate filaments and microtubules were analyzed with immunofluorescence for vimentin and α-tubulin. Gene and protein expression of collagens I and V, laminin and fibronectin were evaluated by rt-PCR and immunofluorescence. Chemotactic and spontaneous cell migration were studied by transwell assay and time-lapse observation of live cells, respectively. Cell contractility was assessed by collagen gel contraction assay. The results showed that ROCK inhibition by Y27632 did not affect cell viability, but decreased cell growth and proliferation after 72 h. There was a change in cell morphology and organization of F-actin, with a reduction in the cell body, disappearance of stress fibers and formation of long, branched cell extensions. Microtubules and vimentin filaments were also affected, possibly because of F-actin alterations. The inhibitor also reduced gene expression and immunoreactivity of smooth muscle α-actin, a marker of myofibroblasts. The expression of extracellular matrix components was not affected by the inhibitor. Chemotactic cell migration showed no significant changes, while cell contractility was substantially reduced. No spontaneous migration of MIO-M1 cells was observed. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of ROCK in Müller cells could be a potentially promising approach to treat epiretinal membranes by preventing cell proliferation, contractility and transdifferentiation, without affecting cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Moraes de Paiva Roda
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael André da Silva
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Veloso Siqueira
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Jesus Lustoza-Costa
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriélla Malheiros Moraes
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monique Matsuda
- Laboratory of Investigation in Ophthalmology (LIM-33), Division of Ophthalmology, University of São Paulo Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dânia Emi Hamassaki
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marinilce Fagundes Santos
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Özdemİr A, Ark M. A novel ROCK inhibitor: off-target effects of metformin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45:35-45. [PMID: 33597820 PMCID: PMC7877715 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2004-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In drug discovery, most small molecules cannot cross many stages, only a few can become drug candidates. Once the drug molecule is approved and marketed, nontarget effects that are not easily distinguishable from the actual target of the drugs might be evaluated. This situation restricts the treatment. Thus, the discovery of new drugs is a very long and expensive process. In recent years, without developing new drugs, the approach of using different and new target molecules in new indications apart from the indications of licensed drug molecules has gained importance.In this study, using the connectivity map program, it was determined that metformin and tolbutamide used in the treatment of type II diabetes had the potential to inhibit Rho kinase. In the experimental results to confirm this data, it has been shown that metformin and tolbutamide decrease the cell area within 24 h and metformin inhibits the activation of Rho kinase in MCF-7 cells.These results indicate that metformin, which is used in the treatment of type II diabetes, acts as a ROCK inhibitor. Metformin has potential in the treatment of various pathological conditions in which Rho kinase has a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Özdemİr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ark
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara Turkey
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Stejskalová A, Fincke V, Nowak M, Schmidt Y, Borrmann K, von Wahlde MK, Schäfer SD, Kiesel L, Greve B, Götte M. Collagen I triggers directional migration, invasion and matrix remodeling of stroma cells in a 3D spheroid model of endometriosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4115. [PMID: 33603041 PMCID: PMC7892880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a painful gynecological condition characterized by ectopic growth of endometrial cells. Little is known about its pathogenesis, which is partially due to a lack of suitable experimental models. Here, we use endometrial stromal (St-T1b), primary endometriotic stromal, epithelial endometriotic (12Z) and co-culture (1:1 St-T1b:12Z) spheroids to mimic the architecture of endometrium, and either collagen I or Matrigel to model ectopic locations. Stromal spheroids, but not single cells, assumed coordinated directional migration followed by matrix remodeling of collagen I on day 5 or 7, resembling ectopic lesions. While generally a higher area fold increase of spheroids occurred on collagen I compared to Matrigel, directional migration was not observed in co-culture or in 12Z cells. The fold increase in area on collagen I was significantly reduced by MMP inhibition in stromal but not 12Z cells. Inhibiting ROCK signalling responsible for actomyosin contraction increased the fold increase of area and metabolic activity compared to untreated controls on Matrigel. The number of protrusions emanating from 12Z spheroids on Matrigel was decreased by microRNA miR-200b and increased by miR-145. This study demonstrates that spheroid assay is a promising pre-clinical tool that can be used to evaluate small molecule drugs and microRNA-based therapeutics for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stejskalová
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Victoria Fincke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Melissa Nowak
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Institut für Molekulare Medizin III, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schmidt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Borrmann
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin von Wahlde
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian D Schäfer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Saadeldin IM, Swelum AAA, Elsafadi M, Mahmood A, Osama A, Shikshaky H, Alfayez M, Alowaimer AN, Magdeldin S. Thermotolerance and plasticity of camel somatic cells exposed to acute and chronic heat stress. J Adv Res 2019; 22:105-118. [PMID: 31969994 PMCID: PMC6965514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabian camel is the largest known mammal that can survive in severe hot climatic conditions. We provide the molecular explanation for the thermotolerance of camel granulosa somatic cells after exposure to 45 °C for 2 (acute heat shock) or 20 h (chronic heat shock). The common features of the cellular responses to acute heat stress were the increase of heat shock proteins and DNA repair enzymes expression. Actin polymerization and Rho signaling were critically activated as a cellular defense against heat shock. Cells exposed to chronic heat shock showed altered cell architecture with a decrease in total detected proteins, metabolic enzymes, and cytoskeletal protein expression. Treatment with transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway inhibitor SB-431542 suppressed the morphological alterations of cells exposed to chronic heat shock. Moreover, during the recovery stage at 38 °C for 24 h, proteomic changes were partially restored with an exponential increase in HSP70 expression, and the cells restored their normal cellular morphology on the 9th day of recovery. Full proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012159. The strategies of cellular defense and tolerance to both thermal conditions reflect the flexible adaptability of camel somatic cells to conserve life under extremely hot conditions.
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Key Words
- Actin
- Anastasis
- CB, Cytochalasin B
- Camel
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- HSPs
- HSPs, heat shock proteins
- IDA, information dependent acquisition
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Proteomics
- RI, ROCK-inhibitor
- ROCK
- ROCKs, Rho-associated protein kinases
- TGFβ
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta
- TIC, total ion chromatography
- Y-27632, ROCK-inhibitor Y-27632
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona Elsafadi
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Mahmood
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aya Osama
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, 57357 Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan Shikshaky
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, 57357 Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Musaad Alfayez
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Society for Camel Research, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah N Alowaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, 57357 Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Feng X, Zhang L, Nie S, Zhuang L, Wang W, Huang J, Yan X, Meng F. The Effect of Ras Homolog C/Rho-Associated Coiled-Protein Kinase (Rho/ROCK) Signaling Pathways on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human Myeloma Cells. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7605-7616. [PMID: 31599230 PMCID: PMC6798802 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the impact of Ras homolog C/Rho-associated coiled-protein kinase (Rho/ROCK) signaling pathways intervention on biological characteristics of the human multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI-8226 and U266 cells, and to investigate the expression of RhoC, ROCK1, and ROCK2 in RPMI-8226 and U266 cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines were treated by 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-Dc), trichostatin A (TSA), RhoA inhibitor CCG-1423, Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766, and ROCK inhibitor fasudil. Cell proliferation was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and clone formation. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. The mRNA and protein expressions of RhoC, ROCK1, and ROCK2 were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. RESULTS CCG-1423, NSC23766, and fasudil could significantly inhibit the proliferation of RPMI8226 and U266 cells. The inhibitory effect was dose- and time-dependent within a certain concentration range (P<0.05). After treatment with CCG-1423, NSC23766, and fasudil for 24 hours, the apoptosis rates of RPMI8226 and U266 cells were significantly higher than those of the control group, which were dose-dependent (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expressions of RhoC, ROCK1, and ROCK2 in RPMI8226 and U266 cells were significantly decreased with single 5-Aza-Dc or TSA treatment. However, the effects were obviously stronger after combined treatment of 5-Aza-CdR and TSA (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found that 5-Aza-Dc and TSA can effectively decrease the mRNA and protein expressions of RhoC, ROCK1, and ROCK2. Furthermore, Rho and ROCK inhibitors significantly inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis in the human multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI-8226 and U266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqi Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Shumin Nie
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Likun Zhuang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Junxia Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xueshen Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Sherbet G. Suppression of angiogenesis and tumour progression by combretastatin and derivatives. Cancer Lett 2017; 403:289-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Townes-Anderson E, Wang J, Halász É, Sugino I, Pitler A, Whitehead I, Zarbin M. Fasudil, a Clinically Used ROCK Inhibitor, Stabilizes Rod Photoreceptor Synapses after Retinal Detachment. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2017; 6:22. [PMID: 28660097 PMCID: PMC5482187 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.6.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal detachment disrupts the rod-bipolar synapse in the outer plexiform layer by retraction of rod axons. We showed that breakage is due to RhoA activation whereas inhibition of Rho kinase (ROCK), using Y27632, reduces synaptic damage. We test whether the ROCK inhibitor fasudil, used for other clinical applications, can prevent synaptic injury after detachment. Methods Detachments were made in pigs by subretinal injection of balanced salt solution (BSS) or fasudil (1, 10 mM). In some animals, fasudil was injected intravitreally after BSS-induced detachment. After 2 to 4 hours, retinae were fixed for immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. Axon retraction was quantified by imaging synaptic vesicle label in the outer nuclear layer. Apoptosis was analyzed using propidium iodide staining. For biochemical analysis by Western blotting, retinal explants, detached from retinal pigmented epithelium, were cultured for 2 hours. Results Subretinal injection of fasudil (10 mM) reduced retraction of rod spherules by 51.3% compared to control detachments (n = 3 pigs, P = 0.002). Intravitreal injection of 10 mM fasudil, a more clinically feasible route of administration, also reduced retraction (28.7%, n = 5, P < 0.05). Controls had no photoreceptor degeneration at 2 hours, but by 4 hours apoptosis was evident. Fasudil 10 mM reduced pyknotic nuclei by 55.7% (n = 4, P < 0.001). Phosphorylation of cofilin and myosin light chain, downstream effectors of ROCK, was decreased with 30 μM fasudil (n = 8–10 explants, P < 0.05). Conclusions Inhibition of ROCK signaling with fasudil reduced photoreceptor degeneration and preserved the rod-bipolar synapse after retinal detachment. Translational Relevance These results support the possibility, previously tested with Y27632, that ROCK inhibition may attenuate synaptic damage in iatrogenic detachments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Townes-Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Éva Halász
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ilene Sugino
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Amy Pitler
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Medical Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ian Whitehead
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Medical Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Marco Zarbin
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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Riehl BD, Lee JS, Ha L, Kwon IK, Lim JY. Flowtaxis of osteoblast migration under fluid shear and the effect of RhoA kinase silencing. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171857. [PMID: 28199362 PMCID: PMC5310897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the important role of mechanical signals in bone remodeling, relatively little is known about how fluid shear affects osteoblastic cell migration behavior. Here we demonstrated that MC3T3-E1 osteoblast migration could be activated by physiologically-relevant levels of fluid shear in a shear stress-dependent manner. Interestingly, shear-sensitive osteoblast migration behavior was prominent only during the initial period after the onset of the steady flow (for about 30 min), exhibiting shear stress-dependent migration speed, displacement, arrest coefficient, and motility coefficient. For example, cell speed at 1 min was 0.28, 0.47, 0.51, and 0.84 μm min-1 for static, 2, 15, and 25 dyne cm-2 shear stress, respectively. Arrest coefficient (measuring how often cells are paused during migration) assessed for the first 30 min was 0.40, 0.26, 0.24, and 0.12 respectively for static, 2, 15, and 25 dyne cm-2. After this initial period, osteoblasts under steady flow showed decreased migration capacity and diminished shear stress dependency. Molecular interference of RhoA kinase (ROCK), a regulator of cytoskeletal tension signaling, was found to increase the shear-sensitive window beyond the initial period. Cells with ROCK-shRNA had increased migration in the flow direction and continued shear sensitivity, resulting in greater root mean square displacement at the end of 120 min of measurement. It is notable that the transient osteoblast migration behavior was in sharp contrast to mesenchymal stem cells that exhibited sustained shear sensitivity (as we recently reported, J. R. Soc. Interface. 2015; 12:20141351). The study of fluid shear as a driving force for cell migration, i.e., "flowtaxis", and investigation of molecular mechanosensors governing such behavior (e.g., ROCK as tested in this study) may provide new and improved insights into the fundamental understanding of cell migration-based homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon D. Riehl
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
| | - Jeong Soon Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
| | - Ligyeom Ha
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- The Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yul Lim
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
- The Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Functions of Rho family of small GTPases and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases in bone cells during differentiation and mineralization. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1009-1023. [PMID: 28188861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCKs) are effectors of Rho family of small GTPases. ROCKs have multiple functions that include regulation of cellular contraction and polarity, adhesion, motility, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, maturation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). SCOPE OF THE REVIEW Here, we focus on the action of RhoA and RhoA effectors, ROCK1 and ROCK2, in cells related to tissue mineralization: mesenchymal stem cells, chondrocytes, preosteoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, lining cells and osteoclasts. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway promotes stress fiber formation and reduces chondrocyte and osteogenic differentiations, in contrast to that in mesenchymal stem cells which stimulated the osteogenic and the chondrogenic differentiation. The effects of Rac1 and Cdc42 in promoting chondrocyte hypertrophy and of Rac1, Rac2 and Cdc42 in osteoclast are discussed. In addition, members of the Rho family of GTPases such Rac1, Rac2, Rac3 and Cdc42, acting upstream of ROCK and/or other protein effectors, may compensate the actions of RhoA, affecting directly or indirectly the actions of ROCKs as well as other protein effectors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE ROCK activity can trigger cartilage degradation and affect bone formation, therefore these kinases may represent a possible therapeutic target to treat osteoarthritis and osseous diseases. Inhibition of Rho/ROCK activity in chondrocytes prevents cartilage degradation, stimulate mineralization of osteoblasts and facilitate bone formation around implanted metals. Treatment with osteoprotegerin results in a significant decrease in the expression of Rho GTPases, ROCK1 and ROCK2, reducing bone resorption. Inhibition of ROCK signaling increases osteoblast differentiation in a topography-dependent manner.
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Cheng S, Castillo V, Welty M, Eliaz I, Sliva D. Honokiol inhibits migration of renal cell carcinoma through activation of RhoA/ROCK/MLC signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1525-1530. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Shimada S, Wakayama K, Fukai M, Shimamura T, Ishikawa T, Fukumori D, Shibata M, Yamashita K, Kimura T, Todo S, Ohsawa I, Taketomi A. Hydrogen Gas Ameliorates Hepatic Reperfusion Injury After Prolonged Cold Preservation in Isolated Perfused Rat Liver. Artif Organs 2016; 40:1128-1136. [PMID: 27140066 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen gas reduces ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) in the liver and other organs. However, the precise mechanism remains elusive. We investigated whether hydrogen gas ameliorated hepatic I/R injury after cold preservation. Rat liver was subjected to 48-h cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution. The graft was reperfused with oxygenated buffer with or without hydrogen at 37° for 90 min on an isolated perfusion apparatus, comprising the H2 (+) and H2 (-) groups, respectively. In the control group (CT), grafts were reperfused immediately without preservation. Graft function, injury, and circulatory status were assessed throughout the perfusion. Tissue samples at the end of perfusion were collected to determine histopathology, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In the H2 (-) group, IRI was indicated by a higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) leakage, portal resistance, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine-positive cell rate, apoptotic index, and endothelial endothelin-1 expression, together with reduced bile production, oxygen consumption, and GSH/GSSG ratio (vs. CT). In the H2 (+) group, these harmful changes were significantly suppressed [vs. H2 (-)]. Hydrogen gas reduced hepatic reperfusion injury after prolonged cold preservation via the maintenance of portal flow, by protecting mitochondrial function during the early phase of reperfusion, and via the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moto Fukai
- Transplant Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimamura
- Central Clinical Facilities, Division of Organ Transplantation, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Fukumori
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maki Shibata
- Department of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo
| | | | - Taichi Kimura
- Laboratory of Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Satoru Todo
- St. Maria Hospital Laboratory, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Department of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo
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Rho-Associated Kinase Inhibitor (Y-27632) Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis of Human Cardiac Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144513. [PMID: 26645568 PMCID: PMC4672899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent clinical trials using c-kit+ human cardiac stem cells (CSCs) demonstrated promising results in increasing cardiac function and improving quality of life. However, CSC efficiency is low, likely due to limited cell survival and engraftment after transplantation. The Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y-27632, significantly increased cell survival rate, adhesion, and migration in numerous types of cells, including stem cells, suggesting a common feature of the ROCK-mediated apoptotic pathway that may also exist in human CSCs. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that pretreatment of human CSCs with Y-27632 protects cells from Doxorubicin (Dox) induced apoptosis. Methods and Results c-kit+ CSCs were cultured in CSC medium for 3–5 days followed by 48hr treatment with 0 to 10μM Y-27632 alone, 0 to 1.0μM Dox alone, or Y-27632 followed by Dox (48hrs). Cell viability, toxicity, proliferation, morphology, migration, Caspase-3 activity, expression levels of apoptotic-related key proteins and c-kit+ were examined. Results showed that 48hr treatment with Y-27632 alone did not result in great changes in c-kit+ expression, proliferation, Caspase-3 activity, or apoptosis; however cell viability was significantly increased and cell migration was promoted. These effects likely involve the ROCK/Actin pathways. In contrast, 48hr treatment with Dox alone dramatically increased Caspase-3 activity, resulting in cell death. Although Y-27632 alone did not affect the expression levels of apoptotic-related key factors (p-Akt, Akt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, and Caspase-3) under basal conditions, it significantly inhibited the Dox-induced increase in cleaved Caspase-3 and reduced cell death under Dox treatment. Conclusions We conclude that preconditioning human CSCs with Y-27632 significantly reduces Dox-induced cell death and possibly involves the cleaved Caspase-3 and ROCK/Actin pathways. The beneficial effects of Y-27632 may be applied to stem cell-based therapy to increase cell survival rates after transplantation or to act as a cardiac protective agent for Dox-treated cancer patients.
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Xu X, Wang W, Kratz K, Fang L, Li Z, Kurtz A, Ma N, Lendlein A. Controlling major cellular processes of human mesenchymal stem cells using microwell structures. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1991-2003. [PMID: 25313500 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Directing stem cells towards a desired location and function by utilizing the structural cues of biomaterials is a promising approach for inducing effective tissue regeneration. Here, the cellular response of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) to structural signals from microstructured substrates comprising arrays of square-shaped or round-shaped microwells is explored as a transitional model between 2D and 3D systems. Microwells with a side length/diameter of 50 μm show advantages over 10 μm and 25 μm microwells for accommodating hADSCs within single microwells rather than in the inter-microwell area. The cell morphologies are three-dimensionally modulated by the microwell structure due to differences in focal adhesion and consequent alterations of the cytoskeleton. In contrast to the substrate with 50 μm round-shaped microwells, the substrate with 50 μm square-shaped microwells promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of hADSCs but reduces the cell migration velocity and distance. Such microwell shape-dependent modulatory effects are highly associated with Rho/ROCK signaling. Following ROCK inhibition, the differences in migration, proliferation, and osteogenesis between cells on different substrates are diminished. These results highlight the possibility to control stem cell functions through the use of structured microwells combined with the manipulation of Rho/ROCK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute −Multifunctional Materials in Medicine; Berlin and Teltow; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Liang Fang
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Zhengdong Li
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Charité - University Medicine Berlin; Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin Germany
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Gwangk-ro 1 Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute −Multifunctional Materials in Medicine; Berlin and Teltow; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute −Multifunctional Materials in Medicine; Berlin and Teltow; Kantstraße 55 14513 Teltow Germany
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Zucchini C, Manara MC, Pinca RS, De Sanctis P, Guerzoni C, Sciandra M, Lollini PL, Cenacchi G, Picci P, Valvassori L, Scotlandi K. CD99 suppresses osteosarcoma cell migration through inhibition of ROCK2 activity. Oncogene 2013; 33:1912-21. [PMID: 23644663 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD99, a transmembrane protein encoded by MIC2 gene is involved in multiple cellular events including cell adhesion and migration, apoptosis, cell differentiation and regulation of protein trafficking either in physiological or pathological conditions. In osteosarcoma, CD99 is expressed at low levels and functions as a tumour suppressor. The full-length protein (CD99wt) and the short-form harbouring a deletion in the intracytoplasmic domain (CD99sh) have been associated with distinct functional outcomes with respect to tumour malignancy. In this study, we especially evaluated modulation of cell-cell contacts, reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton and modulation of signalling pathways by comparing osteosarcoma cells characterised by different metastasis capabilities and CD99 expression, to identify molecular mechanisms responsible for metastasis. Our data indicate that forced expression of CD99wt induces recruitment of N-cadherin and β-catenin to adherens junctions. In addition, transfection of CD99wt inhibits the expression of several molecules crucial to the remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton, such as ACTR2, ARPC1A, Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) as well as ezrin, an ezrin/radixin/moesin family member that has been clearly associated with tumour progression and metastatic spread in osteosarcoma. Functional studies point to ROCK2 as a crucial intracellular mediator regulating osteosarcoma migration. By maintaining c-Src in an inactive conformation, CD99wt inhibits ROCK2 signalling and this leads to ezrin decrease at cell membrane while N-cadherin and β-catenin translocate to the plasma membrane and function as main molecular bridges for actin cytoskeleton. Taken together, we propose that the re-expression of CD99wt, which is generally present in osteoblasts but lost in osteosarcoma, through inhibition of c-Src and ROCK2 activity, manages to increase contact strength and reactivate stop-migration signals that counteract the otherwise dominant promigratory action of ezrin in osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zucchini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M C Manara
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - R S Pinca
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - P De Sanctis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Guerzoni
- 1] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy [2] PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Sciandra
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy
| | - P-L Lollini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Cenacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Picci
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Valvassori
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K Scotlandi
- 1] CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Bologna, Italy [2] Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy [3] PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Kramerov AA, Ahmed K, Ljubimov AV. Cell rounding in cultured human astrocytes and vascular endothelial cells upon inhibition of CK2 is mediated by actomyosin cytoskeleton alterations. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:2948-56. [PMID: 22552886 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 participates in a wide range of cellular events, including the regulation of cellular morphology and migration, and may be an important mediator of angiogenesis. We previously showed that in the retina, CK2 immunolocalizes mostly to vascular endothelium and astrocytes in association with the cytoskeleton. Additionally, CK2 inhibitors significantly reduced retinal neovascularization and stem cell recruitment in the mouse model of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy. We have also shown that CK2 and F-actin co-localized in actin stress fibers in microvascular endothelial cells, and that highly specific CK2 inhibitors caused cell rounding in astrocytes and microvascular endothelial cells, which was alleviated by serum that promotes spreading by Rho/Rho-kinase (RhoK) activation of myosin II. Therefore, we examined a possible role of CK2 in the regulation of actin-myosin II-based contractility. Treatment with CK2 inhibitors correlated with disassembly of actomyosin stress fibers and cell shape changes, including cytoplasmic retraction and process formation that were similar to those occurring during astrocyte stellation. Low doses of specific inhibitors of kinases (RhoK and MLCK) that phosphorylate myosin light chain (MLC) enhanced the effect of suboptimal CK2 inhibition on cell shape. Such striking stellation-like alteration was accompanied by decreased level of phospho-MLC, thus implying a CK2 role in regulation of actomyosin cytoskeleton. Our results suggest an important role of CK2 in the control of cell contractility and motility, which may account for suppressing effect of CK2 inhibition on retinal neovascularization. Together, our data implicate protein kinase CK2 for the first time in stellation-like morphological transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kramerov
- Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Xu C, Yang Y, Yang J, Chen X, Wang G. Analysis of the role of the integrin signaling pathway in hepatocytes during rat liver regeneration. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2012; 17:274-88. [PMID: 22396140 PMCID: PMC6275568 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-012-0011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role of the integrin signaling pathway in hepatocytes during rat liver regeneration, the integrin signaling pathway-related gene expression profile in hepatocytes of regenerative liver was detected using Rat Genome 230 2.0 array. The chip data showed that 265 genes of the integrin signaling pathway were included by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array and 132 genes showed significant expression changes in hepatocytes of regenerative liver. The numbers of up-, down- and up/down-regulated genes were 110, 15 and 7 respectively. In addition, bioinformatics and systems biology methods were used to analyze the role of the integrin signaling pathway in hepatocytes. The analysis of gene synergy value indicated that paths 1, 8, 12, and 15 promoted hepatocyte proliferation at the priming phase of liver regeneration; paths 1, 3, 8, and 12-15 enhanced hepatocyte proliferation at the progressing phase; paths 11 and 14 promoted hepatocyte proliferation, while paths 12 and 13 reduced hepatocyte proliferation at the terminal phase. Additionally, the other 8 paths (2, 4, 5-7, 9-10, and 16) were not found to be related to liver regeneration. In conclusion, 132 genes and 8 cascades of the integrin signaling pathway participated in regulating hepatocyte proliferation during rat liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunshuan Xu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P.R. China.
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Enhancement of endothelial progenitor cell numbers and migration by H1152, a Rho kinase specific inhibitor. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:172-5. [PMID: 22232255 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are applied in the treatment of ischemic diseases. In ex vivo culture of human cord-blood derived EPCs, H1152, (S)-(+)-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5-iso-quinolinyl) sulfonyl]-homopiperazine, markedly increased the number of EPCs. It also induced EPC migration, stimulated the phosphorylation of AKT, and reduced the expression of p27 in the EPCs. Thus H1152 can be used effectively in ex vivo expansion of EPCs.
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Asano E, Maeda M, Hasegawa H, Ito S, Hyodo T, Yuan H, Takahashi M, Hamaguchi M, Senga T. Role of palladin phosphorylation by extracellular signal-regulated kinase in cell migration. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29338. [PMID: 22216253 PMCID: PMC3247243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of actin-binding proteins plays a pivotal role in the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton to regulate cell migration. Palladin is an actin-binding protein that is phosphorylated by growth factor stimulation; however, the identity of the involved protein kinases remains elusive. In this study, we report that palladin is a novel substrate of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Suppression of ERK activation by a chemical inhibitor reduced palladin phosphorylation, and expression of active MEK alone was sufficient for phosphorylation. In addition, an in vitro kinase assay demonstrated direct palladin phosphorylation by ERK. We found that Ser77 and Ser197 are essential residues for phosphorylation. Although the phosphorylation of these residues was not required for actin cytoskeletal organization, we found that expression of non-phosphorylated palladin enhanced cell migration. Finally, we show that phosphorylation inhibits the palladin association with Abl tyrosine kinase. Taken together, our results indicate that palladin phosphorylation by ERK has an anti-migratory function, possibly by modulating interactions with molecules that regulate cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Asano
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masao Maeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoki Hasegawa
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoko Ito
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hyodo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michinari Hamaguchi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Changes in cell migration of mesenchymal cells during osteogenic differentiation. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:4018-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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