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Chafaa N, Mosbah C, Khattabi L, Malaoui K, Zahnit W, Smaali MEA, Houri F, Medfouni Y, Al-Anazi KM, Ali A. Algerian Prickly Pear Seed By-Products: Fatty Acids Composition, Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities towards Tyrosinase, Urease, α-Amylase, and Cholinesterase, along with the Ability to Protect from Thermal Protein Denaturation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1145. [PMID: 39338309 PMCID: PMC11434752 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Prickly pear seed is a source of the most expensive oil in the world, which is rich in vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Its extraction generates a large quantity of press cake. These two by-products need to be valued. The current study aimed to assess the fatty acid composition of oil and the phytochemical composition of press cake. In addition, the antioxidant and the inhibition of thermal protein denaturation effects of both Algerian seed by-products were evaluated with their inhibitory action against the activities of urease, tyrosinase, α-amylase, and cholinesterase enzymes. The GC MS analysis result revealed the richness of our oil in linoleic (74%) and palmitic (13%) acids methyl esters, respectively. The chemical composition of press cake was characterized by a high value of dry matter (94.94 ± 0.05%), especially the carbohydrates (85.13 ± 0.94%). The results of antioxidant activity presented by IC50 and A0.5 ranged from 7.51 ± 0.03 to 88.10 ± 0.92 µg/mL. Furthermore, the IC50 values were 40.19 ± 1.21 and 61.18 ± 0.03 µg/mL in thermal protein denaturation assay, and ranging from 22.97 ± 0.72 to 385.99 ± 0.27 µg/mL for the inhibition of enzymatic activities. These results indicate that the studied oil can be one of the strongest oils for its impressive effects and also encourage us to reuse its press cake in feed livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassiba Chafaa
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Biomolecules and Biotechnological Applications, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Larbi Ben M’hidi, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
| | - Camelia Mosbah
- Institute of Applied Science and Technology (ISTA), Ain M’lila, University of Larbi Ben M’hidi, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
| | - Latifa Khattabi
- Biotechnology Research Center (C.R.B.t), Constantine 25016, Algeria
| | - Karima Malaoui
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Biomolecules and Biotechnological Applications, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Larbi Ben M’hidi, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
| | - Wafa Zahnit
- Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resource (VPRS), Faculty of Mathematics and Matter Sciences, University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, Algeria
| | | | - Faiza Houri
- Biotechnology Research Center (C.R.B.t), Constantine 25016, Algeria
| | | | - Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India;
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Radović Selgrad J, Milutinović V, Suručić R, Samardžić S, Kopanja Đ, Kundaković-Vasović T. Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, Phenolic Profile, and In Silico Studies of Sorbus torminalis Tree Bark Methanol Extract. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202401459. [PMID: 39082702 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The different parts of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz are used in traditional medicine for various conditions such as cardiac diseases, cough, and diabetes, indicating its significant medicinal potential. Therefore, the current investigation aimed to reveal the phenolic composition of the poorly studied S. torminalis methanol extract of the bark, as well as its capacity to inhibit enzymes relevant to cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. A total of 28 phenolic components, including 20 procyanidins aglycones (A- and B-type), four procyanidin glycosides, catechin and its glycoside, and two (epi)catechin derivatives, were detected using LC-MS. The contents of total polyphenols (6.22 %), total tannins (3.04 %), condensed tannins (0.70 %), and total flavonoids (0.24 %) were determined spectrophotometrically, highlighting the considerable phenolic richness of the examined plant material. The concentration-dependent ability to inhibit α-amylase (IC50=130 μg /mL), α-glucosidase (IC50=312.13 μg /mL), acetylcholinesterase (IC50=156.46 μg /mL), butyrylcholinesterase (IC50=217.68 μg /mL), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (IC50=36.77 μg /mL) was demonstrated in vitro. The in silico approach showed that catechin, procyanidin B2 and C1, S. torminalis bark constituents, can form stable complexes with the target enzymes but with different binding affinity. The results supported the medicinal potential of S. torminalis bark and significantly expanded our knowledge of its chemistry, justifying further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Radović Selgrad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Milutinović
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Relja Suručić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Banja Luka - Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska
| | - Stevan Samardžić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Kopanja
- Mega Trade System d.o.o., Dunavska 1c, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska
| | - Tatjana Kundaković-Vasović
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Michalska-Ciechanowska A, Brzezowska J, Nowicka P, Tkacz K, Turkiewicz IP, Hendrysiak A, Oszmiański J, Andlauer W. Advantages of Spray Drying over Freeze Drying: A Comparative Analysis of Lonicera caerulea L. Juice Powders-Matrix Diversity and Bioactive Response. Molecules 2024; 29:3586. [PMID: 39124991 PMCID: PMC11313881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the impact of Lonicera caerulea L. juice matrix modification and drying techniques on powder characteristics. The evaluation encompassed phenolics (514.7-4388.7 mg/100 g dry matter), iridoids (up to 337.5 mg/100 g dry matter), antioxidant and antiglycation capacity, as well as anti-ageing properties of powders produced using maltodextrin, inulin, trehalose, and palatinose with a pioneering role as a carrier. Spray drying proved to be competitive with freeze drying for powder quality. Carrier application influenced the fruit powder properties. Trehalose protected the phenolics in the juice extract products, whereas maltodextrin showed protective effect in the juice powders. The concentrations of iridoids were influenced by the matrix type and drying technique. Antiglycation capacity was more affected by the carrier type in juice powders than in extract products. However, with carrier addition, the latter showed approximately 12-fold higher selectivity for acetylcholinesterase than other samples. Understanding the interplay between matrix composition, drying techniques, and powder properties provides insights for the development of plant-based products with tailored attributes, including potential health-linked properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Michalska-Ciechanowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Jessica Brzezowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Karolina Tkacz
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Igor Piotr Turkiewicz
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Aleksandra Hendrysiak
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Jan Oszmiański
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.B.); (P.N.); (K.T.); (I.P.T.); (A.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Wilfried Andlauer
- Institute of Life Technologies, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais Wallis), Rue de l’Industrie 19, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
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Quradha MM, Duru ME, Kucukaydin S, Tamfu AN, Iqbal M, Bibi H, Khan R, Ceylan O. Comparative assessment of phenolic composition profile and biological activities of green extract and conventional extracts of Salvia sclarea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1885. [PMID: 38253648 PMCID: PMC10803343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been an attempt to develop safe and environmental friendly solvents to replace conventional solvents, and use for extraction bioactive compounds from natural sources. A current investigation involved the preparation of green, methanolic, and ultrasonic extracts of S. sclarea, and compared their phenolic profiling using HPLC-DAD, antibacterial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition activities. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed that Rosmarinic acid was the main content in all extracts, with Ellagic acid only present in the green extract. The green extract exhibited superior anti-biofilm activity against S. Aureus and E. Faecalis compared to the other extracts at MIC concentration. Furthermore, the green extract also displayed the highest inhibition of swarming motility in P. Aeruginosa with inhibition range 68.0 ± 2.1 (MIC) to 19.5 ± 0.6 (MIC/4). and better enzyme inhibitory activity against BChE (with IC50 = 131.6 ± 0.98 µg/mL) and AChE (with inhibition 47.00 ± 1.50%) compared to the other extracts; while, the ultrasonic extract showed strong inhibition of violacein production by C. Violaceum with a inhibition range 05.5 ± 0.1 (MIC/32) to 100 ± 0.00 (MIC), followed by the green extract with a inhibition range 15.0 ± 0.5 (MIC/8) to 100 ± 0.00 (MIC), additionally, the ultrasonic and methanoic extracts showed significant activity against urease enzyme with (IC50 = 171.6 ± 0.95 µg/mL and IC5 0 = 187.5 ± 1.32 µg/mL) respectively. Both the green and methanolic extracts showed considerable antioxidant activities, as β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50 = 5.61 ± 0.47 µg/mL and 5.37 ± 0.27 µg/mL), DPPH· (IC50 = 19.20 ± 0.70 µg/mL and 16.31 ± 0.23 µg/mL), ABTS·+(IC50 = 8.64 ± 0.63 µg/mL and 6.50 ± 0.45 µg/mL) and CUPRAC (A0.5 = 17.22 ± 0.36 µg/mL and 12.28 ± 0.12 µg/mL) respectively, likewise the green extract performing better in metal chelating compared to the other extracts. The green extraction is reported as a cost effective and solvent free method for extracting natural products that produces compounds free of toxic chemicals. This could be the method to be used in the industries as a renewable method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mansour Quradha
- College of Education, Seiyun University, Seiyun, Yemen.
- Pharmacy Department, Medical Sciences, Aljanad University for Science and Technology, Taiz, Yemen.
| | - Mehmet Emin Duru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, 48000, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Kucukaydin
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Koycegiz Vocational School of Health Services, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Koycegiz/Mugla, Turkey
| | - Alfred Ngenge Tamfu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Hamida Bibi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Rasool Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ozgur Ceylan
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Ula Mugla, 48147, Turkey
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Strugała-Danak P, Spiegel M, Gabrielska J. Malvidin and Its Mono- and Di-Glucosides Forms: A Study of Combining Both In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies Focused on Cholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, COX-1 and COX-2 Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:7872. [PMID: 38067599 PMCID: PMC10708353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malvidin, one of the six most prominent anthocyanins found in various fruits and vegetables, may possess a wide range of health-promoting properties. The biological activity of malvidin and its glycosides is not entirely clear and has been relatively less frequently studied compared to other anthocyanins. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the structural derivatives of malvidin and their anti-cholinergic and anti-inflammatory activity. The study selected malvidin (Mv) and its two sugar derivatives: malvidin 3-O-glucoside (Mv 3-glc) and malvidin 3,5-O-diglucoside (Mv 3,5-diglc). The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibiting the enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. Additionally, the inhibitory effects on cholinesterase activity, particularly acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), were evaluated. Molecular modeling was also employed to examine and visualize the interactions between enzymes and anthocyanins. The results revealed that the highest inhibitory capacity at concentration 100 µM was demonstrated by Mv 3-glc in relation to AChE (26.3 ± 3.1%) and BChE (22.1 ± 3.0%), highlighting the crucial role of the glycoside substituent at the C3 position of the C ring in determining the inhibitory efficiency of these enzymes. In addition, the glycosylation of malvidin significantly reduced the anti-inflammatory activity of these derivatives compared to the aglycone form. The IC50 parameter demonstrates the following relationship for the COX-1 enzyme: Mv (12.45 ± 0.70 µM) < Mv 3-glc (74.78 ± 0.06 µM) < Mv 3,5-diglc (90.36 ± 1.92 µM). Similarly, for the COX-2 enzyme, we have: Mv (2.76 ± 0.16 µM) < Mv 3-glc (39.92 ± 3.02 µM) < Mv 3.5-diglc (66.45 ± 1.93 µM). All tested forms of malvidin exhibited higher activity towards COX-2 compared to COX-1, indicating their selectivity as inhibitors of COX-2. Theoretical calculations were capable of qualitatively replicating most of the noted patterns in the experimental data, explaining the impact of deprotonation and glycosylation on inhibitory activity. It can be suggested that anthocyanins, such as malvidins, could be valuable in the development of treatments for inflammatory conditions and Alzheimer's disease and deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała-Danak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maciej Spiegel
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
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Horvat A, Vlašić I, Štefulj J, Oršolić N, Jazvinšćak Jembrek M. Flavonols as a Potential Pharmacological Intervention for Alleviating Cognitive Decline in Diabetes: Evidence from Preclinical Studies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2291. [PMID: 38137892 PMCID: PMC10744738 DOI: 10.3390/life13122291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease associated with reduced synaptic plasticity, atrophy of the hippocampus, and cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment results from several pathological mechanisms, including increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors, prolonged oxidative stress and impaired activity of endogenous mechanisms of antioxidant defense, neuroinflammation driven by the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and disturbance of signaling pathways involved in neuronal survival and cognitive functioning. There is increasing evidence that dietary interventions can reduce the risk of various diabetic complications. In this context, flavonols, a highly abundant class of flavonoids in the human diet, are appreciated as a potential pharmacological intervention against cognitive decline in diabetes. In preclinical studies, flavonols have shown neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and memory-enhancing properties based on their ability to regulate glucose levels, attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, promote the expression of neurotrophic factors, and regulate signaling pathways. The present review gives an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunctions and the results of preclinical studies showing that flavonols have the ability to alleviate cognitive impairment. Although the results from animal studies are promising, clinical and epidemiological studies are still needed to advance our knowledge on the potential of flavonols to improve cognitive decline in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Horvat
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ignacija Vlašić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasminka Štefulj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Karakaya S, Yuca H, Yılmaz G, Aydın B, Tekman E, Ekşi G, Bona M, Göger G, Karadayı M, Gülşahin Y, Öztürk G, Demirci B, Güvenalp Z. Phytochemical screening, biological evaluation, anatomical, and morphological investigation of Ferula tingitana L. (Apiaceae). PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1581-1601. [PMID: 37338647 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferula tingitana L. is a high perennial plant and its leaf is an alternate arrangement and yellow, and its flowers are unisexual like other Apiaceae. It has been used as a spice and for various medicinal purposes in the Mediterranean region. The paper reports antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and genotoxic activities of leaves, flowers, stems, and fruits methanol extracts of F. tingitana. Also, quantitative determination of some secondary metabolites was also analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Moreover, chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed. Consequently, anatomical, and morphological properties of plant were investigated. Germacrene D (23.6%), 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (18.4%), and α-pinene (50.0%) were found as the main compounds in flower, leaf, and stem oils, respectively. The cortex in stem, pedicel, and fruit is characterized by angular collenchyma cells and a distinct cambium layer. 6 compounds (quinic acid, fumaric acid, keracyanin chloride, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, hesperidin) were observed in samples. Leaf extract showed anticholinesterase activity. Leaf and flower extracts showed the highest % inhibition value on ABTS·+ and DPPH•. Leaf extract has the strongest antioxidant effect because it is rich in total phenolic contents. All extracts of F. tingitana were found generally effective against C. albicans. Stem extract was found effective against E. coli and flower extract was found more effective against S. enterica and C. albicans. Bacterial genotoxicity results showed that extracts did not have genotoxic activity on tester strains S. typhimurium and E. coli WP2uvrA. Thus, it revealed that extracts were genotoxic-ally safe at applied concentrations up to 3 mg/plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songül Karakaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Hafize Yuca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gülderen Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Aydın
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Enes Tekman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Ekşi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bona
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Göger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyokarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyon, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karadayı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Gülşahin
- Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gözde Öztürk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zühal Güvenalp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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8
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Peng W, Wang N, Wang S, Wang J, Bian Z. Effects of microwave and exogenous l-phenylalanine treatment on phenolic constituents, antioxidant capacity and enzyme inhibitory activity of Tartary buckwheat sprouts. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:11-19. [PMID: 36606090 PMCID: PMC9807718 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenolic substances, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme inhibitory activity of germinated Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat) under different microwave and l-phenylalanine (l-Phe) were investigated for the potential of enriching polyphenols. With the germination of seeds, the contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids increased, the antioxidant capacity and enzyme inhibitory activity were enhanced. The highest contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids in Tartary buckwheat sprouts were 17.41 mg GAE/g and 6.26 g RE/100 g DW (7 days), respectively. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that T3 (microwave 250 W, 90 s; l-Phe 2.9 mmol/L) could effectively improve the content of polyphenols, enzyme inhibition activity and antioxidant capacity of Tartary buckwheat sprouts obviously. This study hopes to provide some new ideas for enriching phenolics and improving antioxidation of Tartary buckwheat sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Peng
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China
| | - Shunmin Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China
| | - Junzhen Wang
- Xichang Institute of Agricultural Science, Liangshan Yi People Autonomous Prefecture, Liangshan, 615000 Sichuan China
| | - Zixiu Bian
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China
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9
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Yousof Ali M, Zaib S, Jannat S, Khan I. Discovery of potent and selective dual cholinesterases and β-secretase inhibitors in pomegranate as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106137. [PMID: 36108590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) extract has been reported to inhibit cholinesterase and the β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1); however, most of its constituents' potential inhibition of these enzymes remains unknown. Thus, we investigated the anti-Alzheimer's disease (anti-AD) potential of 16 ellagitannin and gallotannin, and nine anthocyanin derivatives' inhibition of BACE1, AChE, and BChE, and gallagic acid inhibited both the best. Further, a kinetic study identified different modes of inhibition, and a molecular docking simulation revealed that active compounds inhibited these three enzymes with low binding energy through hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions in the active site cavities. Gallagic acid and castalagin decreased Aβ peptides secretion from neuroblastoma cells that overexpressed human β-amyloid precursor protein significantly by 10 μM. Further, treatment with gallagic acid and castalagin reduced BACE1 and APPsβ expression levels significantly without affecting amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels in the amyloidogenic pathway. Co-incubation of Aβ42 with gallagic acid reduced Aβ42-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production significantly. Our results suggest that pomegranate constituents, specifically gallagic acid, may be useful in developing therapeutic treatment modalities for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousof Ali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Susoma Jannat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, T2N 1N4 Alberta, Canada
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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10
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Saeed A, Bashir K, Shah AJ, Qayyum R, Khan T. Antihypertensive Activity in High Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rats and LC-MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) Leaves. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2791874. [PMID: 35928913 PMCID: PMC9345705 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2791874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melia azedarach L. leaves have been traditionally used but not scientifically evaluated for antihypertensive activity. The focus of the present work was to carry out the detailed phytochemical profiling and antihypertensive potential of methanolic extract and subsequent fractions of this plant. The tandem mass spectrometry-based phytochemical profiling of M. azedarach extract (Ma.Cr) and fractions was determined in negative ionization mode while molecular networking was executed using the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking platform. This study resulted in the identification of 29 compounds including flavonoid O-glycosides, simple flavonoids, triterpenoidal saponins, and cardenolides as the major constituents. Ma.Cr at the concentration of 300 mg/kg resulted in a fall in blood pressure (BP), i.e., 81.44 ± 2.1 mmHg in high salt-induced hypertensive rats in vivo, in comparison to normotensive group, i.e., 65.36 ± 1.8 mmHg at the same dose. A decrease in blood pressure was observed in anaesthetized normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with extract and various fractions of M. azedarach. A reasonable activity was observed for all fractions except the aqueous fraction. The highest efficacy was shown by the ethyl acetate fraction, i.e., 77.06 ± 3.77 mmHg in normotensive and 88.96 ± 1.3 mmHg in hypertensive anaesthetized rats. Ma.Cr and fractions showed comparatively better efficacy towards hypertensive rats as compared to rats with normal blood pressure. Blood pressure-lowering effects did not change upon prior incubation with atropine. In vitro testing of Ma.Cr and polarity-based fractions resulted in L-NAME sensitive, endothelium-dependent vasodilator effects on aortic tissues. Pretreatment of aorta preparations with Ma.Cr and its fractions also blocked K+-induced precontractions indicating Ca2+ channel blocking activity comparable to verapamil. The extract and polarity-based fractions did not reveal a vasoconstrictor response in spontaneously beating isolated rat aorta. Ma.Cr and fractions when used in atrial preparations resulted in negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. These effects in atrial preparations did not change in the presence of atropine. These effects of extract and fractions explained the antihypertensive potential of M. azedarach and thus provided a scientific basis for its ethnopharmacological use in the treatment of hypertension. Among the constituents observed, flavonoids and flavonoid O-glycosides were previously reported for antihypertensive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Bashir
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rahila Qayyum
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Gomal Medical College, MTI, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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11
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Szwajgier D, Baranowska-Wójcik E, Winiarska-Mieczan A, Gajowniczek-Ałasa D. Honeys as Possible Sources of Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142969. [PMID: 35889933 PMCID: PMC9319579 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by low levels of the neurotransmitter (acetylcholine), oxidative stress, and inflammation of the central nervous system. The only currently available form of treatment entails the administration of AChE/BChE (acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase) inhibitors to patients diagnosed with the disease. However, AD prevention is possible by administering the correct inhibitors with food. The aim of this study was to examine 19 types of honey in terms of their contents of cholinesterase inhibitors. The inhibition of AChE and BChE relative to the respective honey samples was evaluated using Ellman’s colorimetric method, including the “false-positive” effect. The highest potential for AChE inhibition was observed in the case of thyme honey (21.17% inhibition), while goldenrod honey showed the highest capacity for BChE inhibition (33.89%). Our study showed that honeys may provide a rich source of cholinesterase inhibitors and, in this way, play a significant role in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (E.B.-W.); Tel.: +48-81-462-33-68 (D.S. & E.B.-W.)
| | - Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (E.B.-W.); Tel.: +48-81-462-33-68 (D.S. & E.B.-W.)
| | - Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Department of Bromatology and Nutrition Physiology, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dorota Gajowniczek-Ałasa
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
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12
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Borowiec K, Stachniuk A, Szwajgier D, Trzpil A. Polyphenols composition and the biological effects of six selected small dark fruits. Food Chem 2022; 391:133281. [PMID: 35617757 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The health-promoting activities of fruits are in the limelight in view of the growing risks posed by civilisational diseases and are connected with polyphenols. The present study examined bilberry, blueberry, blackcurrant, redcurrant, cherry and plum for their polyphenolic content and biological activities. The contents of total polyphenolic compounds and their subclasses were determined. Liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to characterise the polyphenolic profiles. Small dark fruits' antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cholinesterase activities were also extensively determined. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the analysed fruits' polyphenols composition and biological activities were demonstrated. The highest polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activities were established in blackcurrant fruit, but bilberry also had our attention due to an additional mild influence on antioxidant enzymes. The condensed tannin content in small dark fruits is developed. All tested fruits exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-cholinesterase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Stachniuk
- Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Trzpil
- Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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13
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Dzydzan O, Brodyak I, Strugała-Danak P, Strach A, Kucharska AZ, Gabrielska J, Sybirna N. Biological Activity of Extracts of Red and Yellow Fruits of Cornus mas L.-An In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Inhibitory Activity against α-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Binding Capacity to Human Serum Albumin. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072244. [PMID: 35408646 PMCID: PMC9000679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although extracts are broadly used in order to support the treatment of numerous diseases, only in a limited number of cases is the process of applying and establishing their mechanisms of action scientifically analyzed. Fruits of Cornelian cherry are an abundant source of iridoids, anthocyanins, flavonols and phenolic acids. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro bioactivity of red and yellow Cornelian cherry fruits’ extracts. The biological potential of extracts, in a broad sense, involved antioxidant activity in relation to phosphatidylcholine liposomes, inhibitory ability against α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, as well as interactions with human serum albumin. Studies showed that both extracts were more effective in protecting liposome membranes against free radicals produced by AAPH in an aqueous environment due to the fact that they can be better eliminated by the hydrophilic components of the extracts than those produced by UVB radiation. Extracts exhibited inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase, wherein loganic acid extract showed noncompetitive inhibition of the enzyme. Moreover, extracts binded to albumin mainly through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Taken together, red and yellow cherry fruits’ extracts exhibit diverse biological properties and can be exploited as a source of natural therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Dzydzan
- Department of Biochemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; (O.D.); (I.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Iryna Brodyak
- Department of Biochemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; (O.D.); (I.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Paulina Strugała-Danak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-320-5461
| | - Angelika Strach
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Natalia Sybirna
- Department of Biochemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskyi St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; (O.D.); (I.B.); (N.S.)
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14
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Suleman Z, Engwa GA, Shauli M, Musarurwa HT, Katuruza NA, Sewani-Rusike CR. Neuroprotective effects of Lippia javanica (Burm.F.) Spreng. Herbal tea infusion on Lead-induced oxidative brain damage in Wistar rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:4. [PMID: 34983490 PMCID: PMC8725456 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Though Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng antioxidant activity has been demonstrated, its effect in protecting the brain from lead (Pb)-induced oxidative damage is unknown. This study investigated the effect of L. javanica against Pb-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and acetylcholinesterase activity in rat’s brain. Methods L. javanica herbal tea infusion was prepared, its phytochemical constituent was revealed by liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and was administered simultaneously with Pb. Four groups of male Wistar rats (n = 5/group) were used: control received distilled water; Pb-acetate group received 50 mg Pb/ Kg bodyweight (bw), treatment group received 50 mg Pb/ Kg Pb-acetate + 5 ml/kg bw L. javanica and L. javanica group received 5 ml/Kg bw of L. javanica tea infusion only. After 6 weeks of treatment, oxidative status, acetylcholinesterase activity, inflammation and apoptosis was assessed in brain tissue which was also histologically examined. Results Mean brain and heart weight was reduced (p < 0.05) while liver and spleen weights were increased (p < 0.05) in Pb exposed animals but were prevented by L. juvanica treatment. Treatment with L. javanica increased (p < 0.05) overall brain antioxidant status (glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities) and reduced lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05) compared to the Pb exposed animals. Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrotic factor-alpha, pro-apoptosis Bax protein and anticholinesterase activity were reduced (p < 0.05) in Pb-L. javanica treated animals compared to the Pb exposed group. Histological examination confirmed neuroprotective effects of L. javanica as evidenced by reduced apoptosis/necrosis and inflammation-induced vacuolization and oedema in the hippocampus. The L. javanica treatment alone had no detrimental effects to the rats. LC-MS analysis revealed L. javanica to be rich in phenolics. Conclusions This study demonstrated that L. javanica, rich in phenolics was effective in reducing Pb-induced brain oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, acetylcholinesterase activity and neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Suleman
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
| | - Godwill A Engwa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
| | - Mathulo Shauli
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
| | - Hannibal T Musarurwa
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
| | - Ndinashe A Katuruza
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
| | - Constance R Sewani-Rusike
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa.
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15
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Chao WW, Chan WC, Ma HT, Chou ST. Phenolic acids and flavonoids-rich Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae) water extract against H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14032. [PMID: 34914114 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is reportedly associated with progressive neuronal cell damage. Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae), belonging to the Labiatae family, has demonstrated several biologic activities including depigmentation, antimelanogenic, antitumor, antioxidative, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previously, we reported that rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, genistin, and ferulic acids were the most abundant phytochemicals detected in hot water extracts of G. hederacea L. (HWG). This study aimed to study the neuroprotective effects of phenolic acids and flavonoid-rich HWG against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and its inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The experiment analyzed cytotoxicity, ROS production, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) level, and caspase-3 activity and used comet assay and antioxidant enzyme activity to determine the redox status of PC12 cells. Results showed that the inhibitory effect of HWG on AChE was in a competitive pattern (IC50 , 23.23 mg/ml). HWG antagonized H2 O2 -mediated cytotoxicity and DNA damage, reduced ROS production, stabilized MMP, and inhibited caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. Furthermore, HWG inhibited the release of cytochrome C and apoptosis-inducing factors (AIF) and decreased the malondialdehyde levels in PC12 cells. Collectively, HWG rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids may have neuroprotective effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polyphenolic compounds are one of the most important natural products, known to possess a range of health-promoting effects. In this study, it was found that HWG, which is rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids, can protect PC12 cells from oxidative stress induced by H2 O2 and may have neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Ma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Świątek Ł, Sieniawska E, Sinan KI, Maciejewska-Turska M, Boguszewska A, Polz-Dacewicz M, Senkardes I, Guler GO, Bibi Sadeer N, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis, Cytotoxic, Antiviral, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Four Extracts of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f.: A Good Gift from the Natural Treasure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7621. [PMID: 34299238 PMCID: PMC8307321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the biological evaluation and chemical characterization of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f. Different solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts) were prepared. The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity were investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed using VERO, FaDu, HeLa and RKO cells. The antiviral activity was carried out against HSV-1 (Herpes simplex virus 1) propagated in VERO cell line. The aqueous extract, possessing high phenolic content (170.50 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), showed the highest reducing capacity (613.27 and 364.10 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power, respectively), radical scavenging potential (469.82 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, against 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), metal chelating ability (52.39 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent/g extract) and total antioxidant capacity (3.15 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) alloved to tentatively identify a total of 56 compounds in the extracts, including ellagitannins, gallic acid and galloyl derivatives amongst others. The ethyl acetate extracts substantially depressed cholinesterase enzymes (4.49 and 12.26 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract against AChE and BChE, respectively) and α-amylase enzyme (1.04 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract). On the other hand, the methanolic extract inhibited tyrosinase (121.42 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) and α-glucosidase (2.39 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) activities. The highest selectivity towards all cancer cell lines (SI 4.5-10.8) was observed with aqueous extract with the FaDu cells being the most sensitive (CC50 40.22 µg/mL). It can be concluded that the presence of certain bioactive antiviral molecules may be related to the high anti HSV-1 activity of the methanolic extract. This work has generated vital scientific data on this medicinal plant, which is a prospective candidate for the creation of innovative phyto-pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (M.M.-T.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | | | - Anastazja Boguszewska
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Ismail Senkardes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey;
| | - Gokalp Ozmen Guler
- Department of Biological Education, Ahmet Kelesoglu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey;
| | - Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
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Birsan RI, Wilde P, Waldron KW, Rai DK. Anticholinesterase Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Brewer's Spent Grain. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050930. [PMID: 33922726 PMCID: PMC8145039 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterases, involved in acetylcholine catabolism in the central and peripheral nervous system, have been strongly linked with neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches using synthetic drugs present several side effects. Hence, there is an increasing research interest in naturally-occurring dietary polyphenols, which are also considered efficacious. Food processing by-products such as brewer’s spent grain (BSG) would be a potential bio-source of polyphenols. In this study, polyphenol-rich BSG extracts using 60% acetone and 0.75% NaOH solutions were generated, which were further subjected to liquid–liquid partitioning using various organic solvents. The water-partitioned fractions of the saponified extracts had the highest total polyphenol content (6.2 ± 2.8 mgGAE/g dw) as determined by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, while the LC-MS/MS showed ethyl acetate fraction with the highest phenolics (2.9 ± 0.3 mg/g BSG dw). The best inhibitions of acetyl- (37.9 ± 2.9%) and butyryl- (53.6 ± 7.7%) cholinesterases were shown by the diethyl ether fraction of the saponified extract. This fraction contained the highest sum of quantified phenolics (99 ± 21.2 µg/mg of extract), and with significant (p < 0.01) inhibitory contribution of decarboxylated-diferulic acid. Amongst the standards, caffeic acid presented the highest inhibition for both cholinesterases, 25.5 ± 0.2% for acetyl- and 52.3 ± 0.8% for butyryl-cholinesterase, respectively, whilst the blends insignificantly inhibited both cholinesterases. The results showed that polyphenol-rich BSG fractions have potentials as natural anti-cholinesterase agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rares I. Birsan
- Department of Food BioSciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, D15KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
- Food Innovation and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney NR4 7UQ, UK;
| | - Peter Wilde
- Food Innovation and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney NR4 7UQ, UK;
| | - Keith W. Waldron
- Anglia Science Writing Ltd., Wramplingham, Norfolk NR18 0RU, UK;
| | - Dilip K. Rai
- Department of Food BioSciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, D15KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-018-059-500
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18
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Tomassini L, Ventrone A, Frezza C, Fabbri AM, Fortuna S, Volpe MT, Cometa MF. Phytochemical analysis of Viburnum davidii Franch. and cholinesterase inhibitory activity of its dihydrochalcones. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5794-5800. [PMID: 33094633 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1837814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
One flavonoid (quercetin, 1) and three dihydrochalcones (6''-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-davidioside, 2, 4'-O-methyl-davidioside, 3, and davidioside, 4) were isolated from the leaves and young branches of Viburnum davidii Franch. All the structures were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data (NMR and MS) with those present in literature. In addition, compounds 2-4 were evaluated for their cholinesterase inhibitory (ChEI) activity, for the first time. Accordingly, compounds 2 and 4 showed significant inhibition of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 values equal to 36.883 and 39.274 µM, respectively for the former and 39.504 and 43.101 µM, respectively for the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamberto Tomassini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventrone
- Department of Environmental Biology, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Frezza
- Department of Environmental Biology, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fabbri
- Department of Environmental Biology, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fortuna
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Volpe
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Cometa
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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19
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Siebert DA, Campos JS, Alberton MD, Vitali L, Micke GA. Dual electrophoretically-mediated microanalysis in multiple injection mode for the simultaneous determination of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase activity applied to selected polyphenols. Talanta 2020; 224:121773. [PMID: 33379009 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase (α-glu) are key target enzymes in the search for novel strategies in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes. Therefore, methods to assess the enzyme inhibition are of great value in the research field. Here is proposed a novel a dual electrophoretically-mediated microanalysis for the simultaneous determination of both enzymes' activity. In order to do so, the various solutions required for both assays were introduced in the capillary electrophoresis system using the multiple injections approach. Enzymatic kinetic parameters were tested, Km for AChE and α-glu were 3.81 and 0.43 mmol L-1. Ki values were 4.27 μmol L-1 for neostigmine (an AChE inhibitor) and 0.40 mmol L-1 for acarbose (an α-glu inhibitor). Results of IC50 (concentration for 50% of inhibition) were 5.11 ± 0.47 μmol L-1 and 0.58 ± 0,02 mmol L-1 for neostigmine and acarbose, respectively. All parameters (except for Ki of neostigmine) were comparable with the literature, indicating a good reliability of the proposed method to evaluate these enzymes activity. Total time analysis was approximately 10 min, being possible to perform around 12 enzymatic assays per hour, with low sample and reagent consumption, thus satisfying some of the principles of green chemistry. The method was applied to evaluate 10 phenolic compounds, of wich p-coumaric acid showed the best inhibitory activity for AChE (40.14 ± 4.75% at 10 mg L-1); and quercetin for α-glu (46.53 ± 4.90% at 10 mg L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Alexandre Siebert
- Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares Campos
- Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Michele Debiasi Alberton
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Blumenau/SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Vitali
- Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil.
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Jeong HR, Kim KJ, Lee SG, Cho HS, Cho YS, Kim DO. Phenolic Profiles of Hardy Kiwifruits and Their Neuroprotective Effects on PC-12 and SH-SY5Y Cells against Oxidative Stress. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:912-919. [PMID: 32066217 PMCID: PMC9728357 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2001.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hardy kiwifruits (Actinidia arguta Planch.) have high amounts of antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and phenolics. The anti-cholinesterase activity and neuroprotective effects of three different cultivars of hardy kiwifruits, cv. Mansu (A. arguta × A. deliciosa), cv. Haeyeon (A. arguta), and cv. Chiak (A. arguta), on PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated. Extraction of phenolics and vitamin C was carried out using 80% (v/v) aqueous ethanol and metaphosphoric acid assisted with homogenization, respectively. Hardy kiwifruit of cv. Mansu showed higher total phenolic, total flavonoid, and vitamin C contents and antioxidant capacity compared to the other tw°Cultivars of hardy kiwifruits, cv. Haeyeon and cv. Chiak. Analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography results revealed the presence of procyanidin B2, (?)-epicatechin, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, and astragalin in hardy kiwifruits. The three cultivars of hardy kiwifruits had a wide range of vitamin C content of 55.2?130.0 mg/100 g fresh weight. All three cultivars of hardy kiwifruits had protective effects on neuronal PC-12 and SHSY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide by increasing cell viability and reducing intracellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, the hardy kiwifruits inhibited acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Collectively, these results suggest that hardy kiwifruits rich in antioxidants like phenolics and vitamin C have good potential as functional materials in neuroprotective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Ram Jeong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Joong Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gil Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Pukyoung National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Cho
- Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju 5821, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sup Cho
- Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju 5821, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 1710, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-31-201-3796 Fax: +82-31-204-8116 E-mail:
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21
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Temviriyanukul P, Sritalahareuthai V, Jom KN, Jongruaysup B, Tabtimsri S, Pruesapan K, Thangsiri S, Inthachat W, Siriwan D, Charoenkiatkul S, Suttisansanee U. Comparison of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Anti-Alzheimer Properties of Twenty-Seven Morus spp. Cultivated in Thailand. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112600. [PMID: 32503261 PMCID: PMC7321130 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. To fight the disease, natural products, including mulberry, with antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities against key enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and beta-secretase 1 (BACE-1)) are of interest. However, even in the same cultivars, mulberry trees grown in different populated locations might possess disparate amounts of phytochemical profiles, leading to dissimilar health properties, which cause problems when comparing different cultivars of mulberry. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory activities against AChE, BChE, and BACE-1, of twenty-seven Morus spp. cultivated in the same planting area in Thailand. The results suggested that Morus fruit samples were rich in phenolics, especially cyanidin, kuromanin, and keracyanin. Besides, the aqueous Morus fruit extracts exhibited antioxidant activities, both in single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms, while strong inhibitory activities against AD key enzymes were observed. Interestingly, among the twenty-seven Morus spp., Morus sp. code SKSM 810191 with high phytochemicals, antioxidant activities and in vitro anti-AD properties is a promising cultivar for further developed as a potential mulberry resource with health benefits against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Varittha Sritalahareuthai
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Kriskamol Na Jom
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Butsara Jongruaysup
- Office of Sericulture Conservation and Standard Conformity Assessment, The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Somying Tabtimsri
- The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture Center (Kanchanaburi), Nong Ya, Mueang Kanchanaburi District, Kanchanaburi 71000, Thailand;
| | - Kanchana Pruesapan
- Plant Varieties Protection Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Dalad Siriwan
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Somsri Charoenkiatkul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (S.T.); (W.I.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-800-2380 (ext. 422)
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22
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Suttisansanee U, Charoenkiatkul S, Jongruaysup B, Tabtimsri S, Siriwan D, Temviriyanukul P. Mulberry Fruit Cultivar 'Chiang Mai' Prevents Beta-Amyloid Toxicity in PC12 Neuronal Cells and in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:E1837. [PMID: 32316271 PMCID: PMC7221829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by chronic neuron loss and cognitive problems. Aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, a product of cleaved amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta-secretase 1 (BACE-1), have been indicated for the progressive pathogenesis of AD. Currently, screening for anti-AD compounds in foodstuffs is increasing, with promising results. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction conditions, phytochemical contents, and anti-AD properties, targeting Aβ peptides of Morus cf. nigra 'Chiang Mai' (MNCM) both in vitro and in vivo. Data showed that the aqueous extract of MNCM contained high amounts of cyanidin, keracyanin, and kuromanin as anthocyanidin and anthocyanins. The extract also strongly inhibited cholinesterases and BACE-1 in vitro. Moreover, MNCM extract prevented Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and promoted neurite outgrowth in neuronal cells. Interestingly, MNCM extract reduced Aβ1-42 peptides and improved locomotory coordination of Drosophila co-expressing human APP and BACE-1, specifically in the brain. These findings suggest that MNCM may be useful as an AD preventive agent by targeting Aβ formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Somsri Charoenkiatkul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Butsara Jongruaysup
- Office of Sericulture Conservation and Standard Conformity Assessment, The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Somying Tabtimsri
- The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture Center (Kanchanaburi), Nong Ya, Mueang Kanchanaburi District, Kanchanaburi 71000, Thailand;
| | - Dalad Siriwan
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (S.C.)
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23
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Szwajgier D, Borowiec K, Zapp J. Activity-guided isolation of cholinesterase inhibitors quercetin, rutin and kaempferol from Prunus persica fruit. Z NATURFORSCH C 2020; 75:87-96. [PMID: 34432967 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2019-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prunus persica fruit is a source of anti-cholinesterase agents and led to an increase of acetylcholine levels in brain tissue as a usefull tool in the Alzheimer's disease therapy. This study aimed to propose a convenient method for the purification of cholinesterase inhibitors from P. persica water extract. Water extract from the fruit was ultrafiltered (0.2 μm→5 kDa→3 kDa) followed by preparative chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, high pressure C18) and high pressure analytical C18 chromatography. The chemical structures of inhibitors were confirmed using infrared and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was measured using the colorimetric method in fractions obtained after each stage of purification. Polyphenolic cholinesterase inhibitors identified in peach fruit were kaempferol, quercetin and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoglucoside (rutin). The relatively fast purification procedure elaborated in this work can be adopted for the isolation of phenolic cholinesterase inhibitors from fruit extracts related to P. persica fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Josef Zapp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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24
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Boulechfar S, Zellagui A, Chemsa AE, Bensouici C, Segueni N, Lahouel M, Öztürk M, Duru ME. Investigation of Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential of Essential Oil and Methanolic Extract of Propolis from Mila Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2019.1703816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Safia Boulechfar
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Plant Breeding, Life Science and Nature Department, Faculty of Exact Science and Life Science and Nature, University of Larbi Ben Mhidi Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Nature, Mentouri University, Constantine 25000- Algeria
| | - Amar Zellagui
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Plant Breeding, Life Science and Nature Department, Faculty of Exact Science and Life Science and Nature, University of Larbi Ben Mhidi Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Elkhalifa Chemsa
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Plant Breeding, Life Science and Nature Department, Faculty of Exact Science and Life Science and Nature, University of Larbi Ben Mhidi Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, El Oued University, Algeria
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Research Center in Biotechnology, Ali Mendjli UV 03, Constantine 25000- Algeria
| | - Narimane Segueni
- Laboratory Natural Product and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Mentouri University, Constantine, 25000, Algeria
| | - Mesbah Lahouel
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, University of Jijel, Algeria
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Duru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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25
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Stompor M, Broda D, Bajek-Bil A. Dihydrochalcones: Methods of Acquisition and Pharmacological Properties-A First Systematic Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244468. [PMID: 31817526 PMCID: PMC6943545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydrochalcones are a class of secondary metabolites, for which demand in biological and pharmacological applications is still growing. They posses several health-endorsing properties and, therefore, are promising candidates for further research and development. However, low content of dihydrochalcones in plants along with their low solubility and bioavailability restrict the development of these compounds as clinical therapeutics. Therefore, chemomicrobial and enzymatic modifications are required to expand their application. This review aims at analyzing and summarizing the methods of obtaining dihydrochalcones and of presenting their pharmacological actions that have been described in the literature to support potential future development of this group of compounds as novel therapeutic drugs. We have also performed an evaluation of the available literature on beneficial effects of dihydrochalcones with potent antioxidant activity and multifactorial pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antitumor, lipometabolism regulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and immunomodulatory ones. In addition, we provide useful information on their properties, sources, and usefulness in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stompor
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Broda
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Agata Bajek-Bil
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
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26
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Chemometric discrimination of three Pistacia species via their metabolic profiling and their possible in vitro effects on memory functions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 177:112840. [PMID: 31522096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread neurodegenerative disease; there are around ten million new cases of Alzheimer yearly worldwide especially in middle or low-income countries. Pistacia is a genus of flowering plants including the well-known, economically important P. chinensis Bunge, P. lentiscus L. and P. khinjuk. In this study, the metabolic profiling of Pistacia leaves extracts was achieved via UHPLC-ESI-MS analysis and GC-MS analysis employing chemometric analysis for their discrimination. In addition, the methanolic extracts of different Pistacia species were assessed for their anti-cholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities by various in vitro assays. 37 and 30 metabolites belonging to different classes were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS and GC-MS analyses respectively. Chemometric analysis revealed that P. lentiscus and P. khinjuk were more closely related chemically to each other. All studied Pistacia leaves extracts showed apparent anti-cholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities, which promotes their use in the prevention and management of AD.
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27
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Patil DN, Patil SA, Sistla S, Jadhav JP. Comparative biophysical characterization: A screening tool for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215291. [PMID: 31150404 PMCID: PMC6544338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most grievous disease. The oldest cholinergic hypothesis is used to elevate the level of cognitive impairment and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) comprises the major targeted enzyme in AD. Thus, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) constitutes the essential remedy for the treatment of AD. The study aims to evaluate the interactions between natural molecules and AChE by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The molecules like alkaloids, polyphenols and substrates of AChE have been considered for the study with a major emphasis on affinity and kinetics. To better understand the activity of small molecules, the investigation is supported by both experimental and theoretical approach such as fluorescence, Circular Dichroism (CD) and molecular docking studies. Amongst the screened ones tannic acid showed promising results compared with others. The methodology followed here have highlighted many molecules with a higher affinity towards AChE and these findings may take lead molecules generated in preclinical studies to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, we suggest a unique signature for the heterogeneous analyte model using competitive experiments for analyzing simultanous interactions of both the analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushama A. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Srinivas Sistla
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Jyoti P. Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India
- * E-mail:
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28
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Ibitoye OB, Aliyu NO, Ajiboye TO. Protective Influence of Phyllanthus Muellarianus on Ciprofloxacin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Male Rats. J Diet Suppl 2019; 17:321-335. [PMID: 31066327 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2019.1586805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthus muellarianus (Kuntze) Exell. (Euphorbiacea) leaves are widely used in the treatment of neurological disorders in Nigeria. We investigated the protective effect of aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus muellarianus on ciprofloxacin neurotoxicity in male rats. Control rats (Group A) received distilled water, Groups C-E According to the Animal grouping and treatment section, Group B did not receive P. muellarianus> rats were administered 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight P. muellarianus, respectively, and Group F rats received 200 mg/kg body weight valproate orally for 7 days. In addition, groups B-F rats were orally administered ciprofloxacin for 7 days. Motor coordination and motor function were assessed using narrow beam and landing foot splay distance. The levels of neurotransmitter and oxidative stress biomarkers were also determined. Aqueous leaf extract of P. muellarianus significantly attenuated ciprofloxacin-mediated increases in narrow beam, landing foot splay distance, and gait scores. Ciprofloxacin-mediated depletion of acetylcholine and dopamine in the brains of rats was significantly annulled by P. muellarianus. Furthermore, the extract significantly reversed ciprofloxacin-mediated increases in acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase A, and monoamine oxidase B by 73.13%, 71.52%, and 86.54%, respectively. The altered biomarkers of oxidative stress were significantly reversed by P. muellarianus. Overall, the results of this study show that P. muellarianus reversed ciprofloxacin-induced neurotoxicity by restoring ciprofloxacin-mediated alterations in acetylcholine, dopamine, acetylcholinesterase, monoaminergic enzymes, and oxidative stress biomarkers in the brains of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- O B Ibitoye
- Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - N O Aliyu
- Antioxidants, Redox Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - T O Ajiboye
- Antioxidants, Redox Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
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29
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Tkacz K, Wojdyło A, Nowicka P, Turkiewicz I, Golis T. Characterization in vitro potency of biological active fractions of seeds, skins and flesh from selected Vitis vinifera L. cultivars and interspecific hybrids. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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30
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Floris S, Fais A, Rosa A, Piras A, Marzouki H, Medda R, González-Paramás AM, Kumar A, Santos-Buelga C, Era B. Phytochemical composition and the cholinesterase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory properties of seed extracts from the Washingtonia filifera palm fruit. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21278-21287. [PMID: 35521327 PMCID: PMC9066185 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02928a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and biological properties of palm Washingtonia filifera (Lindl.) H. Wendl. seeds are seldom studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Floris
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Antonella Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Alessandra Piras
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Hanen Marzouki
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Monastir
- Tunisia
| | - Rosaria Medda
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- University of Cagliari
- Cagliari
- Italy
| | | | - Benedetta Era
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences
- University of Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
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31
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Zaidi H, Ouchemoukh S, Amessis-Ouchemoukh N, Debbache N, Pacheco R, Serralheiro ML, Araujo ME. Biological properties of phenolic compound extracts in selected Algerian honeys—The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase activities. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mollica A, Stefanucci A, Zengin G, Locatelli M, Macedonio G, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Menghini L, Recinella L, Leone S, Chiavaroli A, Leporini L, Di Nisio C, Brunetti L, Tayrab E, Ali I, Musa TH, Musa HH, Ahmed AA. Polyphenolic composition, enzyme inhibitory effects ex-vivo and in-vivo studies on two Brassicaceae of north-central Italy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:129-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Anticholinergic effects of Actinidia arguta fruits and their polyphenol content determined by liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector-quadrupole/time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-MS-PDA-Q/TOF). Food Chem 2018; 271:216-223. [PMID: 30236670 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study discusses polyphenolic compounds identified and quantified in Actinidia arguta fruits by LC-MS-PDA-Q/TOF method and in vitro anticholinergic activity. Notably, of 31 compounds, including 16 flavonols, 7 flavanols, 7 phenolic acids, and 1 anthocyanin were identified or tentatively identified on the basis of their retention times, accurate mass measurements and subsequent mass fragmentation data, or by comparison with reference substances and literature. Among the detected compounds, 27 were reported for the first time in A. arguta fruits. The content of total polyphenols equal 845.54 mg/100 g dry weight (dw), and flavanols predominat (92% of total phenolic compounds). Flavonol derivatives, mainly glycosylated and acetylated forms of quercetin (22.64 mg/100 g dw) and kaempferol (18.40 mg/100 g dw) were quantified. The total content of phenolic acids was 29.63 mg/100 g dw, and neochlorogenic acid predominant. This anticholinergic activity effect of A. arguta fruits can be explained by the Pearson's correlation found between flavonols (r = 0.709 and 0.678), phenolic acids (r = 0.513 and 0.487), flavan-3-ols (r = 0.466 and 0.443) and anthocyanins (r = 0.312 and 0.301) for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butylcholinoesterase (BuChE), respectively. The data compiled from the quantitative polyphenol indicate that A. arguta fruits could be regarded as a promising source of bioactive functional food.
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Bernardo J, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Videira RA, Valentão P, Veiga F, Andrade PB. In vitro multimodal-effect of Trichilia catigua A. Juss. (Meliaceae) bark aqueous extract in CNS targets. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:247-255. [PMID: 28970152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The bark of Trichilia catigua A. Juss. (Meliaceae), popularly known as "big catuaba", is traditionally used in Brazilian folk medicine for its neuroactive potential as memory stimulant, and antinociceptive and antidepressant effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the aqueous extract of T. catigua bark as dual inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). To explore its antioxidant potential through interaction with xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) pathway, and to attempt a relationship between its phenolic profile and effects displayed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phenolic profiling was achieved by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn and UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analyses. The capacity to inhibit hMAO-A was assessed in vitro, as was that for AChE, evaluated in rat brain homogenates. The direct inhibition of the X/XO pathway and the scavenging of superoxide anion radical were the selected in vitro models to explore the antioxidant potential. The cytotoxic effects were assayed in the human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells by MTT reduction, after direct exposure (24h). RESULTS Twenty-six compounds were identified and quantified (551.02 ± 37.61mg/g of lyophilized extract). The phenylpropanoid substituted flavan-3-ols were the most representative compounds (~81% of quantified mass). The extract inhibited hMAO activity in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 121.06 ± 2.13μg/mL). A mixed model of inhibition of AChE activity was observed, reflected by the pronounced increase of Km values and a more discreet effect over the Vmax parameters, calculated from Michaelis-Menten fitted equations. In addition, it was demonstrated that the extract directly inhibits the X/XO pathway (IC50 = 121.06 ± 2.13μg/mL) and also imbalances the oxidative stress acting as superoxide anion radical scavenger (EC50 = 104.42 ± 10.67μg/mL), an oxidative by-product of this reaction. All these neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects were displayed within the non-toxic range of concentrations (0.063-0.500μg/mL) in SH-SY5Y cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results validate the traditional use of T. catigua bark for its neuroactive and neuroprotective potential. A novel approach upon its application towards the management of neurodegenerative and related symptomatology was likewise demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Bernardo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Research Group on quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Romeu António Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Nazir N, Karim N, Abdel-Halim H, Khan I, Wadood SF, Nisar M. Phytochemical analysis, molecular docking and antiamnesic effects of methanolic extract of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seeds in scopolamine induced memory impairment in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:198-208. [PMID: 28842342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn and its main component silymarin have been extensively studied and have been found effective in various neurological disorders. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of the current study is to identify phytoconstituents in the methanolic extract (Me. Ext) of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seeds and to study in-vivo the anti-amnesic effects along with in vitro antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and buteryl cholinesterase (BChE) inhibition potential. Induced fir docking (IFD) results have confirmed that quercetin, morin and rutin showed good affinity when docked into AChE binding site. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study investigates the in-vitro AChE and BChE inhibition potential of the Me-Ext of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn at various concentrations (31.25, 62.50, 125, 250, 500, 1000µg/mL) using Ellman's spectrophotometric analysis, while antioxidant potential against DPPH and ABTS were determined using Brand-Williams spectrophotometric method. Furthermore, the in-vivo anti-amnesic effects of Me. Ext at the dose level of 50, 100 and 200mg/kg were also evaluated using scopolamine -induced memory impairment in mice in the novel object recognition test (NORT) and Y-maze test. RESULTS The Me. Ext showed a concentration dependent inhibition of AChE and BChE with IC50 values of 110 and 130µg/mL respectively and antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS with IC50 values 280 and 220µg/mL, respectively. In mice, Me. Ext reversed the amnesia induced by scopolamine as indicated by a dose-dependent increase in spontaneous alternation performance in the Y-maze task (p< 0.05 versus scopolamine) and increase in the discrimination index in the NORT comparable to the standard drug donepezil 2mg/kg. HPLC-UV analysis showed the presence of quercetin, rutin and morin. Induced fit docking (IFD) was performed using quercetin, rutin and morin, Glide Gscore and IFD score of all compounds were consistent with their experimental AChE inhibitory activities. CONCLUSION The results indicate that Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn could be a new source for the isolation of phytoconstituents useful in cognition and memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausheen Nazir
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), 18800 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Nasiara Karim
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), 18800 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Heba Abdel-Halim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Fazal Wadood
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), 18800 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Nisar
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), 18800 KP, Pakistan.
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Benamar H, Rarivoson E, Tomassini L, Frezza C, Marouf A, Bennaceur M, Nicoletti M. Phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterasic activities of the leaf extracts of Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides (L.) Jahand. & Maire in different solvents. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1456-1462. [PMID: 29304683 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1422182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the extracts obtained with different solvents from the leaves of Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides (L.) Jahand. & Maire were studied for their phytochemical profile and then for their antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. The phytochemical profiles of the extracts in n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, anthraquinone rich and water, showed the presence of different compounds belonging to several classes of natural products such as flavonoids, anthraquinones, saccharides and fatty acids. For what concerns the biological tests, the ethyl acetate, methanol and anthraquinone rich extracts showed the highest activities in both assays due to the high amount of compounds possessing those properties such as flavonoids and anthraquinones. By consequence, these specific extracts of the species may be considered to be potential sources of natural antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterasic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houari Benamar
- a Department of Biology , University of Mostaganem Abdelhamid Ibn Badis , Mostaganem , Algeria.,b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria
| | - Elonge Rarivoson
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria
| | - Lamberto Tomassini
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
| | - Claudio Frezza
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
| | - Abderrazak Marouf
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria.,d Department of Natural Sciences and Life , Ctr Univ Naama , Naama , Algeria
| | - Malika Bennaceur
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria.,e Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms , University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
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Keri R, Chethana K, Sasidhar B, Naika M. Phytochemical composition of Caesalpinia crista extract as potential source for inhibiting cholinesterase and β-amyloid aggregation: Significance to Alzheimer's disease. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.244159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Karim N, Khan I, Abdelhalim A, Abdel-Halim H, Hanrahan JR. Molecular docking and antiamnesic effects of nepitrin isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:700-709. [PMID: 29040957 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinus officinalis has long been known as the herb of remembrance. The present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-amnesic effects of nepitrin isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis using in-vivo models of Y-maze and novel object recognition test (NORT) along with in vitro antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and buterylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition potential. Nepitrin showed a concentration dependent inhibition of AChE and BuChE enzymes with IC50 values of 65 and 72μg/mL, respectively and antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) with IC50 values 270 and 210μg/mL, respectively. In mice, nepitrin reversed the amnesia induced by scopolamine as indicated by a dose-dependent increase in spontaneous alternation performance in the Y-maze task (p <0.05 versus scopolamine) and increase in the discrimination index in the novel object recognition test (NORT) comparable to the standard drug donepezil 2mg/kg. Molecular docking studies were performed and the GlideScore of nepitrin was consistent with its experimental AChE inhibitory activities. Nepitrin occupied the same binding site forming similar interactions to those formed by donepezil in the crystal structure. Thus, nepitrin could provide a lead for the development of therapeutic agent useful in cognition and memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasiara Karim
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Abeer Abdelhalim
- Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Almadina Almonawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Abdel-Halim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196 Jordan
| | - Jane R Hanrahan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Morzelle MC, Salgado JM, Telles M, Mourelle D, Bachiega P, Buck HS, Viel TA. Neuroprotective Effects of Pomegranate Peel Extract after Chronic Infusion with Amyloid-β Peptide in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166123. [PMID: 27829013 PMCID: PMC5102433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic and degenerative condition that had no treatment until recently. The current therapeutic strategies reduce progression of the disease but are expensive and commonly cause side effects that are uncomfortable for treated patients. Functional foods to prevent and/or treat many conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, represent a promising field of study currently gaining attention. To this end, here we demonstrate the effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract (PPE) regarding spatial memory, biomarkers of neuroplasticity, oxidative stress and inflammation in a mouse model of neurodegeneration. Male C57Bl/6 mice were chronically infused for 35 days with amyloid-β peptide 1–42 (Aβ) or vehicle (control) using mini-osmotic pumps. Another group, also infused with Aβ, was treated with PPE (p.o.– βA+PPE, 800 mg/kg/day). Spatial memory was evaluated in the Barnes maze. Animals treated with PPE and in the control group exhibited a reduction in failure to find the escape box, a finding that was not observed in the Aβ group. The consumption of PPE reduced amyloid plaque density, increased the expression of neurotrophin BDNF and reduced the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme. A reduction in lipid peroxidation and in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was also observed in the PPE group. No hepatic lesions were observed in animals treated with PPE. In conclusion, administration of pomegranate peel extract has neuroprotective effects involving multiple mechanisms to prevent establishment and progression of the neurodegenerative process induced by infusion with amyloid-β peptide in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maressa Caldeira Morzelle
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, P.O. Box. 9, 13418–900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jocelem Mastrodi Salgado
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, P.O. Box. 9, 13418–900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Telles
- Graduation Course on Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508–900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Mourelle
- Graduation Course on Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508–900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Bachiega
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, P.O. Box. 9, 13418–900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Hudson Sousa Buck
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, R. Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 61, 111° andar, São Paulo, SP 01221–020, Brazil
| | - Tania Araujo Viel
- Graduation Course on Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508–900, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, São Paulo, SP 03828–080, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetes, Anti-Dementia, and Inflammation Inhibitory Effect of Trametes pubescens Fruiting Body Extracts. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050639. [PMID: 27196881 PMCID: PMC6273937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trametes pubescens, white rot fungus, has been used for folk medicine in Asian countries to treat ailments such as cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. This study was initiated to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetes, anti-dementia, and anti-inflammatory activities of T. pubescens fruiting bodies. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities of T. pubescens methanol (ME) and hot water (HWE) extracts (2.0 mg/mL) were comparable to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), the positive control. However, the chelating effects of ME and HWE were significantly higher than that of BHT. The HWE (6 mg/mL) also showed comparable reducing power to BHT. Eleven phenol compounds were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the ME and HWE of the mushroom were lower than Acarbose, the standard reference; however, the inhibitory effects of the mushroom extracts at 2.0 mg/mL were moderate. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory effects of ME and HWE were moderate and comparable with galanthamine, the standard drug to treat early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ME had a neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced PC-12 cell cytotoxicity at the concentration range of 2-40 μg/mL. The mushroom extracts also showed inflammation inhibitory activities such as production of nitric oxide (NO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophage-like cell lines (RAW 264.7) and significantly suppressed the carrageenan-induced rat paw-edema. Therefore, fruiting body extracts of T. pubescens demonstrated antioxidant related anti-diabetes, anti-dementia and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Chaabane F, Mokdad-Bzeouich I, Sassi A, Mustapha N, Majouli R, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Genoprotective and neuroprotective effects of Daphne gnidium leaf methanol extract, tested on male mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2015; 39:297-302. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2015.1107730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa Chaabane
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Imen Mokdad-Bzeouich
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Aicha Sassi
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Nadia Mustapha
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Raja Majouli
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia and
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Gocer H, Topal F, Topal M, Küçük M, Teke D, Gülçin İ, Alwasel SH, Supuran CT. Acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes I and II inhibition profiles of taxifolin. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:441-7. [PMID: 25893707 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1036051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin, also known as dihydroquercetin, is a flavonoid commonly found in plants. Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) plays an important role in many critical physiological events including carbon dioxide (CO2)/bicarbonate (HCO3(-)) respiration and pH regulation. There are 16 known CA isoforms in humans, of which human hCA isoenzymes I and II (hCA I and II) are ubiquitous cytosolic isoforms. In this study, the inhibition properties of taxifolin against the slow cytosolic isoenzyme hCA I, and the ubiquitous and dominant rapid cytosolic isoenzyme hCA II were studied. Taxifolin, as a naturally bioactive flavonoid, has a K(i) of 29.2 nM against hCA I, and 24.2 nM against hCA II. For acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibition, K(i) parameter of taxifolin was determined to be 16.7 nM. These results clearly show that taxifolin inhibited both CA isoenzymes and AChE at the nM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Gocer
- a Central Researching Laboratory, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University , Agri , Turkey
| | - Fevzi Topal
- b Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Gumushane University , Gumushane , Turkey
| | - Meryem Topal
- b Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Gumushane University , Gumushane , Turkey
| | - Murat Küçük
- c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Dilek Teke
- c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey .,d Zoology Department, College of Science, Fetal Programming of Diseases Research Chair, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh H Alwasel
- d Zoology Department, College of Science, Fetal Programming of Diseases Research Chair, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- e Dipartimento di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Universita degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Firenze , Italy , and.,f Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
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Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antistress, and nootropic activities of aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of ladies finger (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in mice. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:519848. [PMID: 25401145 PMCID: PMC4221879 DOI: 10.1155/2014/519848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abelmoschus esculentus L. (ladies finger, okra) is a well-known tropical vegetable, widely planted from Africa to Asia and from South Europe to America. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant capacity and in vivo protective effect of the aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of Abelmoschus esculentus against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment using passive avoidance task and acute restraining stress-induced behavioural and biochemical changes using elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST) in mice. Our results demonstrated that the pretreatment of mice with aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of Abelmoschus esculentus (200 mg/kg, p.o.) for seven days significantly (P < 0.01) attenuated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in the passive avoidance test. In addition, these extracts significantly reduced the blood glucose, corticosterone, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels elevated by acute restraint stress and also significantly increased the time spent in open arm in EPM and decreased the immobility time in FST. It has also been revealed that these extracts showed a significant antioxidant activity and no signs of toxicity or death up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg, p.o. These results suggest that the seed extracts of Abelmoschus esculentus L. possess antioxidant, antistress, and nootropic activities which promisingly support the medicinal values of ladies finger as a vegetable.
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Antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of grape skin anthocyanin (GSA). Molecules 2014; 19:9403-18. [PMID: 24995924 PMCID: PMC6271686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the anthocyanin rich extract of grape skin. Grape skin anthocyanin (GSA) neutralized free radicals in different test systems, such as 2,-2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, to form complexes with Fe2+ preventing 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced erythrocyte hemolysis and oxidative DNA damage. Moreover, GSA decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in isolated mitochondria thus inhibiting 2',-7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation. In an in vivo study, female BALB/c mice were administered GSA, at 12.5, 25, and 50 mg per kg per day orally for 30 consecutive days. Herein, we demonstrate that GSA administration significantly elevated the level of antioxidant enzymes in mice sera, livers, and brains. Furthermore, GSA inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the in vitro assay with an IC50 value of 363.61 µg/mL. Therefore, GSA could be an excellent source of antioxidants and its inhibition of cholinesterase is of interest with regard to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
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