1
|
Huaier extract restrains pancreatic cancer by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110126. [PMID: 32278239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease, and new treatments need to be explored. Huaier extract is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been found to exert antitumor properties in some cancers. However, the role of Huaier extract in pancreatic cancer has not been examined. In this study, we found that the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) of pancreatic cancer cells were suppressed by treatment with Huaier extract and that apoptosis increased. We also observed that expression of β-catenin was inhibited by Huaier extract. Furthermore, an animal study showed that Huaier extract slowed tumor growth in pancreatic cancer. Our results reveal that Huaier extract suppresses pancreatic cancer by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lobo BC, D'Anza B, Farlow JL, Tang D, Woodard TD, Ting JY, Sindwani R. Outcomes of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma with and without association of inverted papilloma: A multi-institutional analysis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018; 31:305-309. [PMID: 28859706 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for <1% of all malignancies but represents 70% of sinonasal cancer. Up to 10% of SCCs are associated with inverted papilloma (IPSCC). Studies that compare patients, treatment, and outcomes of SCC and IPSCC are absent in the literature. METHODS A retrospective review of patients with SCC and those with IPSCC at Cleveland Clinic and Indiana University from 1995 to 2015. The records were analyzed for demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. RESULTS The study comprised 117 patients with SCC, of whom, 29 had IPSCC. The mean age at diagnosis was similar: 63 and 64 years for patients with SCC and patients with IPSCC, respectively; with female patients representing 36% and 34%, respectively (p > 0.99).Smokers represented 64% of the patients with SCC and 55% of patients with IPSCC (p = 0.3); excessive alcohol intake was noted in 16% of the patients with SCC and 21% of the patients with IPSCC (p = 0.56).The maxillary sinus was most commonly involved, followed by the nasal cavity (51% versus 35% SCC, 45% versus 38% IPSCC). Frontal ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses contained primary tumors only in patients with SCC. Upfront treatment was surgery in 84% of patients with SCC and 97% of patients with IPSCC (p = 0.18); 68 and 55% received radiation, respectively, and 25 and 21% received chemotherapy, respectively.Overall survival averaged 5.5 and 3.4 years for patients with SCC and patients with IPSCC, respectively (p = 0.12); disease-free survival was 4.8 and 2.9 years, respectively (p = 0.18). Nodal metastasis was more likely in patients with SCC (18 versus 0%; p = 0.02). When divided into high- and low-stage disease: more common nodal metastases were demonstrated in high-stage SCC than in low-stage disease (p = 0.03). Overall survival was decreased between high- and low-grade disease but not when subdivided between SCC and IPSCC. CONCLUSION Although SCC with and without IP association are considered different diseases, their demographics and outcomes seem similar. Nodal metastasis was noted to be higher in the SCC cohort, which may indicate different tumor biology. Further study is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Lobo
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marioni G, Brescia G, Nicolè L, Marchese-Ragona R, Barion U, Giacomelli L, Marino F, Martini A, Ottaviano G. Survivin and cortactin expression in sinonasal schneiderian (inverted) papilloma and associated carcinoma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018; 32:78-81. [DOI: 10.1177/1945892418762644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sinonasal inverted (schneiderian) papilloma (IP) is histologically benign but shows a propensity for malignant transformation. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis family of proteins that controls cell division, apoptosis, metastasis, and, probably, also neoangiogenesis, is overexpressed in essentially all human cancers. Overexpression of the multidomain protein cortactin has also been associated with increased cell migration, invasion, and metastatic potential in several malignancies. Objective: The aim of the present study was to preliminarily investigate survivin and cortactin expression in a consecutive series of sinonasal IPs, and IP-associated squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of nuclear survivin and cortactin was measured in 19 consecutive sinonasal IPs and 3 IP-associated SCCs. Results: The mean ± standard deviation nuclear survivin expression was 9.4 ± 9.2% and 31.7% ± 15.4% in sinonasal IPs and SCCs, respectively (p < 0.0001). Results of cortactin immunostaining was strongly positive in the cytoplasm of both sinonasal IPs and SCCs: no significant difference emerged between the IP and SCC epithelial components. Conclusion: Nuclear survivin expression was significantly higher in SCCs than in IPs. Prospective, multi-institutional prognostic studies, preferably on an international scale (given the few cases treated at single institutions), are needed to confirm the role of survivin in IP malignant transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gino Marioni
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giuseppe Brescia
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosario Marchese-Ragona
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Umberto Barion
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | | | - Filippo Marino
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martini
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giancarlo Ottaviano
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Risk Factors of Recurrence and Malignant Transformation of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9195163. [PMID: 29250552 PMCID: PMC5700512 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9195163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a relatively rare disease; however, it is prevalent enough for every ENT practitioner to encounter it several times throughout medical routines. Despite the developments in experimental and clinical medicine as well as surgical techniques, our knowledge of this disease is still inadequate. With improved imaging and better diagnostic techniques, proper diagnosis and qualification for surgical approaches leave no doubt. Although the endoscopic approach seems to be the gold standard for such condition, some cases may additionally require an external approach. Regardless of the type of surgery, postoperative management is crucial for both healing and long-term follow-up. Unfortunately, the procedures are still lacking in explicit and standardized postoperative management guidelines. Moreover, an important issue is still the need for a biomarker indicative of inverted papilloma and its malignant transformation. Several particles, within the spotlight of the researchers, have been SCCA, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Wnt proteins, and many more. Nevertheless, the topic requires further investigations.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Q, An L, Zheng J, Zhu D. Advances in recurrence and malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papillomas. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4585-4592. [PMID: 28599459 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a benign tumor of the nasal cavity and sinus. SIP is characterized by aggressive malignant transformation and a high rate of recurrence. Inadequate removal of the tumor during surgery is one of the most significant contributors to SIP recurrence. A growing body of evidence suggests that molecular alteration in SIP, including human papilloma virus infections, single nucleotide polymorphisms of key genes, deregulation of signaling pathways and immunological changes, may lead to SIP occurrence and malignant transformation. However, the extent to which these molecular mechanisms contribute to SIP pathology and transformation remains unclear due to limited research. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the primary dependent factors that contribute to SIP etiology. The present article reviewed risk factors of progression and recurrence of SIP, including outdoor and industrial occupational exposure, smoking, septal deviation, SIP location, recurrent cases, stage of SIP-associated squamous cell carcinoma and choice of surgical method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingjia Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Lv W, Qi F, Gao Z, Yang H, Wang W, Gao Y. Clinical effects of p53 overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract: A systematic meta-analysis with PRISMA guidelines. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6424. [PMID: 28328848 PMCID: PMC5371485 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The level of p53 protein expression in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) has been estimated, but the results remain inconsistent and the point of consensus has not been reached. This study was first determined to evaluate the clinical effects of p53 expression in SCC of the sinonasal tract. METHODS According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement criteria, the potential literature was searched from diverse databases. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of association between p53 expression and SNSCC. RESULTS Final 17 eligible studies were included in a total of 258 cases and 748 controls. The result of p53 expression was shown to be notably higher in SNSCC than in benign sinonasal papillomas and normal sinonasal mucosa (OR = 26.93, P < 0.001; OR = 39.79, P < 0.001; respectively). Subgroup analyses of ethnicity revealed that p53 expression had significant association with SNSCC in Asian and Caucasian populations in cancer versus benign sinonasal papillomas or normal sinonasal mucosa. The expression of p53 was notably higher in moderately or poorly differentiated SNSCC than in well-differentiated SNSCC (OR = 3.51, P = 0.021), while p53 expression was not associated with histological type. CONCLUSION The results suggested that p53 overexpression may be correlated with the carcinogenesis and progression of SNSCC. The p53 gene may become a novel drug target of SNSCC. Additional studies on the correlation of p53 expression with clinicopathological features are needed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yamashita Y, Uehara T, Hasegawa M, Deng Z, Matayoshi S, Kiyuna A, Kondo S, Maeda H, Ganaha A, Suzuki M. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen as a diagnostic marker of nasal inverted papilloma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2016; 30:122-7. [PMID: 26877539 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) levels are elevated in sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP). However, the relationship between tumor volume and SCCA level, and the influence of skin or pulmonary diseases in which the SCCA level is high, have not been established. OBJECTIVE To clarify whether the level of serum SCCA can be used as a diagnostic marker of IP. METHODS Serum SCCA level was measured in 30 patients with IP (IP group) and 57 with inflammatory disease (inflammatory group). RESULTS Overall, 83.3% in the IP group showed elevated serum SCCA levels regardless of whether they were new patients or patients with recurrent IP, and SCCA levels rapidly decreased after surgery. Only 5.3% had elevated SCCA levels in the inflammatory group. Before surgery, the IP group had a median preoperative SCCA level of 2.4 ng/mL, whereas the median preoperative SCCA level was 0.9 ng/mL in the inflammatory group. Pre- and postoperative SCCA levels were significantly different in the IP group. With regard to the IP diagnosis in the IP and inflammatory groups based on the SCCA level (≤1.5 ng/mL), sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 94.7%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between SCCA elevation and respiratory function, and skin disease in the two groups, except for smoking in the IP group. Preoperative SCCA levels were significantly higher in smokers than in never-smokers in the IP group. Tumor volume was significantly correlated with SCCA level in IP. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that tumor volume was a predictor of preoperative SCCA elevation (p = 0.036; 95% confidence interval, 1.027-2.176). CONCLUSION Serum SCCA level is a reliable diagnostic marker to distinguish new and recurrent IP from inflammatory disease. Because smokers tended to have higher SCCA levels in IP, a different cutoff level might be needed. Although respiratory dysfunction and skin disease were not related to SCCA level, they should be taken into consideration when evaluating SCCA level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukashi Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Malignant transformation of human gastric epithelium cells via reactive oxygen species production and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation following 40-week exposure to ochratoxin A. Cancer Lett 2015; 372:36-47. [PMID: 26721203 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins, is a possible carcinogenic to humans. We previously demonstrated that OTA treatment induced oxidative damage in human gastric epithelium cells (GES-1) in vitro. In this study, we found that long-term OTA treatment could result in increased proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of GES-1 cells and induce anchorage-independent growth of cells in soft agar. Inoculation of OTA-treated GES-1 cells resulted in the formation of tumor xenografts in Balb/c nude mice in vivo, confirming that long-term OTA treatment can induce the malignant transformation of GES-1 cells. In addition, we found that long-term OTA treatment induced oxidative stress and activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, including the nuclear transition of β-catenin and the upregulation of the downstream molecules of the pathway. Finally, pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) inhibited ROS formation and activation of the Wnt pathway in OTA-transformed GES-1 cells, which decreased the tumor formation abilities of these cells after inoculation in nude mice. These findings suggest that long-term OTA exposure induces the malignant transformation of GES-1 cells via intracellular ROS production and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
9
|
Rank MA. Advancing the Field of Rhinology and Allergy. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2015; 29:159-60. [DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2015.29.4200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|