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Lee YH, Wu YH, Chen CY, Chiao-Tzu Lee P, Lin TH, Lai CY. Relationship between workplace violence and mental/physical health of security guards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333139. [PMID: 38469273 PMCID: PMC10925698 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between workplace violence (WPV) and mental and physical health (MPH) of security guards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 15 representative security companies across northern, central, and southern Taiwan, and outlying islands from July 2021 to June 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. 1,200 questionnaires were distributed. A total of 1,032 valid questionnaires were collected. Results 13.18% of the participants reported that they had experienced WPV during the COVID-19 pandemic, including physical violence (PhV), psychological violence (PsV), verbal violence (VV), and sexual harassment (SH). The most common violence was VV (54.19%), followed by PsV (20.69%). Community residents and property owners were the primary perpetrators, followed by strangers. The study showed that the security guards who had experienced WPV had higher scores on the 12-item Chinese Health Questionnaire (Taiwan version) (CHQ-12), indicating poorer MPH than those who had never experienced WPV. The result showed that VV had strong correlations with the lack of effective communication, dissatisfaction with treatment and service attitude, and work stress. PsV was strongly associated with excessive waiting times. Conclusion There were correlations among PhV, VV, and PsV and they had adverse impacts on MPH, except for SH. The study found that the primary perpetrators of WPV against security guards were community residents and property owners. The causes were the lack of effective communication, dissatisfaction with treatment and service attitude, excessive waiting times, and work stress, which further led to turnover intention and poor MPH. The findings of this study have useful implications and it is recommended to enhance the understanding of workplace violence against security guards and to formulate appropriate local and international strategies to address it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Han Lee
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ying Chen
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patricia Chiao-Tzu Lee
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Tzu-Hsien Lin
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chane-Yu Lai
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Alghamdi MS, Alghamdi AF, Almalawi AM, Alsulami RA, Hazazi HA, Al Ghashmari AA, Al Dawais AS, Salawati E. The Association Between Neck Pain and Psychological Distress Experienced by King Abdulaziz University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e35685. [PMID: 37012948 PMCID: PMC10066660 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal discomfort resulting from soft tissue injuries to muscles, bones, nerves, tendons, joints, or cartilage is referred to as musculoskeletal disorders. Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal condition with a significant socioeconomic impact on patients. Previous literature has linked the onset of neck pain to various factors, including psychological factors that may affect musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), similarly to physical factors. Psychological conditions, including anxiety and depression, may result in MSDs. Limited studies on the relationship between neck pain and psychological distress have been conducted among undergraduate students in Jeddah. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between neck pain and psychological distress. Additionally, the study examined the risk factors for developing neck pain, depression, and anxiety in King Abdulaziz University (KAU) undergraduate students. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2022 at KAU in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, by distributing a google forms survey among undergraduate university students in KAU, excluding graduate students and students who did not agree to participate. We received 509 responses; each respondent gave written consent and participated in the study. Result Neck pain prevalence was 50.7% of all students (95% CI, 46.3-55.1). Significantly higher neck pain scores were observed in women (p<0.001), in students who did little or no exercise, and in those who drank coffee more frequently >3 cups daily. Anxiety (p<0.001) and depression (p<0.001) scores were also positively and significantly correlated with neck pain scores. The results of the association analysis revealed that women had significant scores for anxiety (p<0.001) and depression (p<0.001). Female sex (p<0.001) and increased neck pain score (p<0.001) were independent risk factors for anxiety. Higher neck pain scores were also associated with depression (p<0.001). Conclusion Our study showed that anxiety and depression significantly impact neck pain. Furthermore, the increased score of depression and anxiety indicates worsening neck pain.
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Samarah OQ, Maden HA, Sanwar BO, Farhad AP, Alomoush F, Alawneh A, Hadidi FA, Bashaireh K, Hammad YS. Musculoskeletal pain among medical students at two Jordanian universities. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 36:429-436. [PMID: 36120767 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-220065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a debilitating multi-perceptual condition afflicting many individuals, especially individuals in the medical profession. OBJECTIVE To analyze and evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among medical students at Jordanian universities during the complete virtual learning process. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 593 medical students at two Jordanian universities was conducted. A modified Nordic questionnaire was used to assess musculoskeletal pain in three body regions. RESULTS Five hundred ninety-three students at the two Jordanian universities participated in this study. The prevalence of having MSK pain during the past week in the neck, shoulder, and lower back was 34.6%, 27%, and 41%, respectively; during the past 12 months, it was 61.2%, 45.5%, and 63.1%, respectively. Overall prevalence of having MSK pain was 58.9% in the last week and 78.1% in the past 12 months. 66.8% of students who had psychosomatic symptoms and 62.3% of those with depressive symptoms in the past week had MSK pain. Students who studied 8 hours per day had higher percentages of MSK pain (68.4%) (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.965-1.312). The average number of hours using a computer per day was significantly associated with MSK pain (p= 0.032). MSK pain during the last week was significantly associated with psychosomatic symptoms (OR 1.842, 95% CI 1.272-2.668, p= 0.001). Family history of MSK pain was significantly related to the presence of the problem in participants (OR 1.732, 95% CI 1.182-2.538, p= 0.005). Gender, depressive symptoms, average hours of computer use per day, and average hours of study at home per day did not show significant relationships with MSK pain over the year. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of MSK pain was observed among medical students. Measures to balance in-person and virtual learning should be considered in medical schools to minimize the risk of MSK pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Q Samarah
- Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hana A Maden
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | | | - Anas Alawneh
- School of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fadi Al Hadidi
- Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaldoon Bashaireh
- Department of Special Surgery, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.,Medical Faculty, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yazan S Hammad
- Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Zheng B, Zheng L, Li M, Lin J, Zhu Y, Jin L, You R, Gao Y, Liu X, Wang S. Sex differences in factors associated with neck pain among undergraduate healthcare students: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:842. [PMID: 36057665 PMCID: PMC9440454 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck pain is widespread among students in healthcare-related fields. Although neck pain is more prevalent in females, since most research involves mixed-sex samples we know very little about sex differences in contributors to neck pain. Thus, this study sought to explore sex differences in the risk factors for neck pain in this high-risk population. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in China in 2021 and included a sample of 1921 undergraduate healthcare students (693 males, 1228 females) from 7 health professional schools at Fujian Medical University. We collected data on neck pain symptoms, demographics, behavioral and psychological factors. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine sex differences in the risk factors of neck pain. Results The overall prevalence of neck pain was 41.6% with female students having a higher prevalence than male students (44.4% vs. 36.7%, respectively). The adjusted analyses showed that self-study time ≥ 6 h/day (OR = 1.44, 95% CI:1.13-1.83), flexed neck posture >20 degrees (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.28-3.74), static duration posture >2 h (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-1.97), and psychological distress (high: OR = 2.04, 95% CI:1.42-2.94; very high: OR = 2.50, 95% CI:1.57-3.74; respectively) were independent factors for neck pain in females. Among males, self-study time ≥ 6 h/day (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02-2.01) and psychological distress (moderate: OR = 2.04, 95% CI:1.28-3.25; high: OR = 2.37, 95% CI:1.49-3.79; very high: OR = 2.97, 95% CI:1.75-5.02; respectively) were significant risk factors for neck pain. Conclusions These findings suggest that the risk profiles of neck pain differ between females and males. The modifiable risk factors for neck pain, such as prolonged self-study time and elevated psychological distress, as well as poor posture among females, could be targeted through health promotion interventions in university settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi'e Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lifeng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Li
- The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianping Lin
- The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liuzhisheng Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Roushi You
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yifang Gao
- The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. .,The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Cheung MC, Lai JSK, Yip J, Cheung JPY. Increased Computer Use is Associated with Trunk Asymmetry That Negatively Impacts Health-Related Quality of Life in Early Adolescents. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2289-2302. [PMID: 34675493 PMCID: PMC8502057 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s329635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of trunk asymmetry on the health-related quality of life of early adolescents and to identify daily activities that were associated with trunk asymmetry in this cohort. METHODS This study included 200 early adolescents (52 male and 148 female) aged 10 to 14 years in Hong Kong. Among them, 100 adolescents were considered to have trunk asymmetry with angle of trunk rotation ≥5° and one or more physical signs on visual inspection. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to measure the eight scales under the physical and mental domains of the health-related quality of life. The adolescents reported their average daily durations spent (1) using a computer; (2) using a smartphone; (3) watching television, videos or DVDs; (4) doing homework; and (5) doing physical exercise. Independent samples t-tests, chi-square (χ 2) tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests were performed to compare the health-related quality of life and the average daily duration of daily activities between early adolescents with and without trunk asymmetry. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the odds ratios of daily activities for trunk asymmetry. RESULTS Compared with early adolescents without trunk asymmetry, those with trunk asymmetry had a lower health-related quality of life in some of the physical domains, namely, bodily pain and general health, and all mental domains, namely, vitality (energy/fatigue), social functioning, role limitation due to emotional problems and mental health (p < 0.05). Use of computer was found to be significantly associated with trunk asymmetry in early adolescents (OR = 1.63, 95% CI [1.23, 2.14]). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that increased computer use is associated with trunk asymmetry, which negatively impacts the health-related quality of life in early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Cheung
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Janelle S K Lai
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joanne Yip
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jason Pui Yin Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Richards KV, Beales DJ, Smith AL, O'Sullivan PB, Straker LM. Is Neck Posture Subgroup in Late Adolescence a Risk Factor for Persistent Neck Pain in Young Adults? A Prospective Study. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6094842. [PMID: 33444448 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether sagittal neck sitting posture subgroup membership in late adolescence was a risk factor for persistent neck pain (PNP) in young adults. METHODS There were 686 participants enrolled in the Raine Study at the 17- and 22-year follow-ups. At 17 years of age, posture was measured by photographs, and 4 subgroups of sitting neck posture were determined by cluster analysis. Height and weight were measured, and exercise frequency, depression, and PNP were assessed by questionnaire. At 22 years of age, participants answered questions about neck pain and occupation type. Logistic regression examined if neck posture subgroups at 17 years of age were a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age, taking into account other factors. RESULTS Female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.16-2.65) and PNP at 17 years of age (OR = 3.78, 95% CI = 2.57-5.57) were associated with PNP at 22 years of age. In females, neck posture subgroup at 17 years of age was a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age. Compared with the upright subgroup, both the slumped thorax/forward head subgroup groups and the intermediate subgroup had decreased odds for PNP at 22 years of age (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08-0.76; OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.99, respectively). No association was found in males. CONCLUSION After taking into account PNP at 17 years, sitting neck posture at 17 was not a risk factor for PNP at 22 years of age in males, whereas in females, more relaxed postures (slumped thorax/forward head and Intermediate postures) were protective of neck pain compared with upright posture. IMPACT Females in late adolescence who sat in slumped thorax/forward head or intermediate posture rather than upright sitting posture had a lower risk of PNP as a young adult. The practice of generic public health messages to sit up straight to prevent neck pain needs rethinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen V Richards
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Physiotherapy Department, Midland Public Hospital, Western Australia.,Physiotherapy Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital Murdoch, Western Australia
| | - Darren J Beales
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Pain Options, South Perth, Western Australia
| | - Anne L Smith
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,The Raine Study, Crawley, Western Australia
| | - Peter B O'Sullivan
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Body Logic Physiotherapy, Shenton Park, Western Australia
| | - Leon M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,The Raine Study, Crawley, Western Australia
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Bay COA, Willacy RA, Moses AR, Coleman TE, Wilson RH. Nonspecific wrist pain in pediatric patients: A systematic review. J Orthop 2020; 22:308-315. [PMID: 32647467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the cause of wrist pain is a challenge for clinicians due to the complex biomechanical characteristics of the multiple articulations which comprise the wrist, and the intricacies of the soft tissue supporting them. Patients presenting with wrist pain can be diagnosed by obtaining a detailed history, physical examination and radiographic images. For some patients, a diagnosis remains elusive even after a complete appropriate work up, and the pain may persist following conservative management. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effect that psychosocial factors have on the development chronic idiopathic wrist pain in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles O A Bay
- Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Rolanda A Willacy
- Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Akini R Moses
- Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Thomas E Coleman
- Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Robert H Wilson
- Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Howard University Hospital, 2401 Georgia Ave NW Suite 4300, Washington, DC. 20060, USA
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Dighriri YH, Akkur MA, Alharbi SA, Madkhali NA, Matabi KI, Mahfouz MS. Prevalence and associated factors of neck, shoulder, and low-back pains among medical students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:3826-3831. [PMID: 31879620 PMCID: PMC6924257 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_721_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) in the neck, shoulder, and lower back is common widespread among medical students. The objective of this research is to estimate the prevalence of neck, shoulder, and low-back pains and to explore factors associated with MSP among medical students at Jizan University in southwest of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of Jazan University. A total of 440 students were selected by random sampling. Descriptive statistics, a Chi-squared test, and logistic regression were performed to examine the prevalence, associations, and predictors of MSP. Results The overall prevalence of MSP was (53.5%; 95% CI: 49.2-58.4). Neck pain was reported by 197 (44.8%) in the week prior to the study and by 268 (60.9%) in the year prior to the survey. Regarding shoulder pain, it was reported by 231 (52.5%) in the week prior to the study and 175 (39.8%) in the year prior to the study. Regarding low-back pain, it was reported by 147 (33.4%) in the week prior to the study and 270 (61.4%) in the year prior to the study. Factors associated with the risk of MSP include history of trauma (OR = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.36-5.36 depressive symptoms (OR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.03-3.66) and report of psychosomatic symptoms (OR = 2.98; 95% CI: 1.71-5.18). Conclusion In conclusion, the proportion of medical students with MSP was very high. Factors associated with the increased risk of MSP include history of trauma, depressive, and psychosomatic symptoms. Intervention program may help improving the musculoskeletal health of the medical students and to hence their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Hadi Dighriri
- Department of Anaesthesia, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital, Western Region, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad Abdullah Akkur
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Abdullah Alharbi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabeel Ahmed Madkhali
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Salih Mahfouz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Aktürk S, Büyükavcı R, Aktürk Ü. Relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and physical inactivity in adolescents. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-018-0923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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10
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Neck Posture Clusters and Their Association With Biopsychosocial Factors and Neck Pain in Australian Adolescents. Phys Ther 2016; 96:1576-1587. [PMID: 27174256 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20150660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is conflicting evidence on the association between sagittal neck posture and neck pain. OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine the existence of clusters of neck posture in a cohort of 17-year-olds and (2) to establish whether identified subgroups were associated with biopsychosocial factors and neck pain. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS The adolescents (N=1,108) underwent 2-dimensional photographic postural assessment in a sitting position. One distance and 4 angular measurements of the head, neck, and thorax were calculated from photo-reflective markers placed on bony landmarks. Subgroups of sagittal sitting neck posture were determined by cluster analysis. Height and weight were measured, and lifestyle and psychological factors, neck pain, and headache were assessed by questionnaire. The associations among posture subgroups, neck pain, and other factors were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS Four distinct clusters of sitting neck posture were identified: upright, intermediate, slumped thorax/forward head, and erect thorax/forward head. Significant associations between cluster and sex, weight, and height were found. Participants classified as having slumped thorax/forward head posture were at higher odds of mild, moderate, or severe depression. Participants classified as having upright posture exercised more frequently. There was no significant difference in the odds of neck pain or headache across the clusters. LIMITATIONS The results are specific to 17-year-olds and may not be applicable to adults. CONCLUSION Meaningful sagittal sitting neck posture clusters were identified in 17-year-olds who demonstrated some differences with biopsychosocial profiling. The finding of no association between cluster membership and neck pain and headaches challenges widely held beliefs about the role of posture in adolescent neck pain.
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Kwon MS, Lee SH, Cho IR, Won YM, Han MK, Jung KN, Lee JH, Chin JH, Rho JH, Kim JY, Yang JB, No JK, Park TG, Lee TK, Park HJ, Lee SJ, Yoo KS, Kang SJ, Kwon SJ, Shin MA, Kim HN, Kahn HS, Kim MJ, Kim TY. Electromyography comparison of normal chair-desk system and assistant chair-desk system on fatigue. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:3171-5. [PMID: 26644668 PMCID: PMC4668159 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study was designed to test the effects of the Assistant Chair-Desk System (ACDS), which can reduce the forward tilt of the neck and trunk and the level of fatigue during long lasting study in the sitting position. [Subjects] Fourteen middle school students and 14 college students of mixed gender participated in this study. [Methods] Fatigue level, the trapezius muscle, and the forward tilt angle of the head and trunk as well as distance factors were assessed before after using a normal chair-desk system (NCDS) and the ACDS for 120 minutes. [Results] There was an interaction effect in the angle and length of the neck from the sitting posture changes after 2 hours of studying using the NCDS and ACDS. There were also significant differences in the fatigue levels, hip joint angles and the lengths from the head according to the main effects of the chair-systems. [Conclusion] The studying position while using the ACDS was determined to prevent significant fatigue levels of the muscle and body, provide support to the head, by limiting the forward movement of the neck, and prevent forward tilt of the neck and trunk, by enabling the target point and gaze to be closer to the horizontal direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Seok Kwon
- Division of Sports Science, College of Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Rae Cho
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Won
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Han
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon-Nym Jung
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyoung Chin
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Rho
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Yang
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kui No
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Geun Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Joo Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam-Jun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Social Science, Tong Myong University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seok Yoo
- Department of Sports Science, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Suh-Jung Kang
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, SangMyung University, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jeong Kwon
- College of Sports Science, Major of Recreation and Leisure Sports, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Shin
- College of Creative Future Talent, Daejin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu-Nyun Kim
- College of Creative Future Talent, Daejin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kahn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Hankun University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea
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Are students' symptoms and health complaints associated with perceived stress at university? Perspectives from the United Kingdom and Egypt. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:9981-10002. [PMID: 25264677 PMCID: PMC4210962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111009981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional survey assessed and compared by country, the levels and correlates of 21 self-reported symptoms/health complaints. We examined the associations between self-reported symptoms and perceived stress. Data was collected from universities in the United Kingdom and Egypt (N = 3706 and 3271 undergraduates, respectively). A self-administered questionnaire assessed a range of self-reported symptoms, perceived stress, sociodemographic (gender, age, marital status, year of study, living arrangements during semester, income sufficiency), lifestyle (tobacco smoking, illicit drug/s use, alcohol consumption frequency), and health variables (subjective health status, health awareness, BMI), along with religiosity, and quality of life. Factor analysis categorized the 21 self-reported symptoms into four components. Correlation analysis and linear regression tested the associations between the self-reported symptoms and stress. Factor analysis of the health symptoms generated four symptom groups for each of the UK and Egypt (psychological; circulatory/breathing; gastrointestinal; and, pains/aches), and factor loadings were quite similar for both countries. Whilst the two samples showed similarities as to the kind of symptoms most frequently reported by students, the Egyptian sample had significantly higher frequency than the UK for every symptom. Frequent complaints (both countries) included difficulties to concentrate, fatigue, headaches, nervousness/anxiety, and back pain (UK) and mood swings (Egypt). Significantly more Egyptian students reported ≥4 symptoms over the past year than the UK. For each of the UK and Egypt, across each of the four symptom groups, there was a stepladder appearance whereby the frequency of symptoms increased with increasing quartiles of perceived stress. Not controlling for other variables, for both countries, there were significant positive correlations between each of the four symptom groups and stress; the highest correlation was for psychological symptoms. After controlling for sex, age country, and other symptom groups, stress was highly and significantly associated with psychological symptoms and also with pain & aches symptoms in both countries. UK students were generally less stressed than their counterparts in Egypt. Age and female gender were also associated with stress; the younger the student was the more likely to suffer from stress. Interactions were not significant. Across both countries, the levels of stress among students and the associations between perceived stress and health complaints suggest the need for a multiple approaches in order to understand the sources of stress; how college students experience stress; and, the coping mechanisms that different students employ to mitigate stress. Interventions aimed at both preventing, treating and caring for students’ distress, and also preventive strategies to help minimize the impact of stressful situations are required. Strategies that address both physical and psychological complaints may be beneficial for this population.
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Brink Y, Louw Q, Grimmer K, Jordaan E. The spinal posture of computing adolescents in a real-life setting. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:212. [PMID: 24950887 PMCID: PMC4094537 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is assumed that good postural alignment is associated with the less likelihood of musculoskeletal pain symptoms. Encouraging good sitting postures have not reported consequent musculoskeletal pain reduction in school-based populations, possibly due to a lack of clear understanding of good posture. Therefore this paper describes the variability of postural angles in a cohort of asymptomatic high-school students whilst working on desk-top computers in a school computer classroom and to report on the relationship between the postural angles and age, gender, height, weight and computer use. Methods The baseline data from a 12 month longitudinal study is reported. The study was conducted in South African school computer classrooms. 194 Grade 10 high-school students, from randomly selected high-schools, aged 15–17 years, enrolled in Computer Application Technology for the first time, asymptomatic during the preceding month, and from whom written informed consent were obtained, participated in the study. The 3D Posture Analysis Tool captured five postural angles (head flexion, neck flexion, cranio-cervical angle, trunk flexion and head lateral bend) while the students were working on desk-top computers. Height, weight and computer use were also measured. Individual and combinations of postural angles were analysed. Results 944 Students were screened for eligibility of which the data of 194 students are reported. Trunk flexion was the most variable angle. Increased neck flexion and the combination of increased head flexion, neck flexion and trunk flexion were significantly associated with increased weight and BMI (p = 0.0001). Conclusions High-school students sit with greater ranges of trunk flexion (leaning forward or reclining) when using the classroom computer. Increased weight is significantly associated with increased sagittal plane postural angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolandi Brink
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
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Oksanen A, Laimi K, Löyttyniemi E, Kunttu K. Trends of weekly musculoskeletal pain from 2000 to 2012: National study of Finnish university students. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1316-22. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2014.492.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Oksanen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Turku University Hospital; Finland
| | - K. Laimi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Turku University Hospital; Finland
| | - E. Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics; University of Turku; Finland
| | - K. Kunttu
- Finnish Student Health Service; Turku Finland
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Lazary A, Szövérfi Z, Szita J, Somhegyi A, Kümin M, Varga PP. Primary prevention of disc degeneration-related symptoms. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2013; 23 Suppl 3:S385-93. [PMID: 24221919 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-3069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been shown previously that a history of low back pain often begins in childhood or adulthood. Indeed, the prevalence of severe back symptoms among schoolchildren is not insignificant. Possibilities for the primary prevention of intervertebral disc degeneration-related conditions are poorly reported in the literature despite the assumed socio-economical impact of the prevention of these conditions. METHODS In this review, the authors have collated published data on the prevalence and risk factors of childhood low back pain as well as the structure and results of published primary prevention programs. RESULTS The prevalence of self-reported low back pain is 7-65% among children and it increases with age. Several lifestyle factors have been reported as significant risk factors for back pain, many of which are related to the schools. Current educational primary prevention programs in schools show no clear or long-term stable effect. CONCLUSION Considering the growing evidence about the importance of normal and bad posture, an exercise-based posture correction program is suggested as a school-based primary prevention of disc degeneration-related symptoms. Further, prospective randomized studies with more than 20 years follow-up, however, are strongly required to confirm it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Lazary
- National Center for Spinal Disorders, Buda Health Center, Kiralyhago u. 1-3., Budapest, 1126, Hungary,
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Cho CY, Hwang YS, Cherng RJ. Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors Among Office Workers With High Workload Computer Use. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2012; 35:534-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hsiao LP, Cho CY. The effect of aging on muscle activation and postural control pattern for young and older computer users. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2012; 43:926-932. [PMID: 22280848 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A lot of older adults try to learn to use computers and might use different ways to perform a computer task compared to younger people. Fifteen healthy young and 15 healthy older adults participated in this study and all performed a series of mouse tasks. A three dimensional motion capture system and electromyographic analysis were used to obtain kinematic and kinetic data during performing the computer tasks. Three-way analysis of variance with repeated measures on task and time factors was used to analyze all dependent measurements. Older adults had higher RMS of forearm muscles compared to the young adults. The RMS of the finger extensor was highest when performing a dragging task. Compared with young adults, the older adults had greater cranial-cervical angle and neck flexion, but smaller head flexion, shoulder angle, elbow angle and ulnar deviation. Consequently, the older adults might have a greater risk of developing musculoskeletal disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Hsiao
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physical Therapy, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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van Niekerk SM, Louw QA, Hillier S. The effectiveness of a chair intervention in the workplace to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms. A systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012; 13:145. [PMID: 22889123 PMCID: PMC3552974 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged sitting has been associated with musculoskeletal dysfunction. For desk workers, workstation modifications frequently address the work surface and chair. Chairs which can prevent abnormal strain of the neuromuscular system may aid in preventing musculo-skeletal pain and discomfort. Anecdotally, adjustability of the seat height and the seat pan depth to match the anthropometrics of the user is the most commonly recommended intervention. Within the constraints of the current economic climate, employers demand evidence for the benefits attributed to an investment in altering workstations, however this evidence-base is currently unclear both in terms of the strength of the evidence and the nature of the chair features. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of chair interventions in reducing workplace musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS Pubmed, Cinahl, Pedro, ProQuest, SCOPUS and PhysioFocus were searched. 'Ergonomic intervention', 'chair', 'musculoskeletal symptoms', 'ergonomics', 'seated work' were used in all the databases. Articles were included if they investigated the influence of chair modifications as an intervention; participants were in predominantly seated occupations; employed a pre/post design (with or without control or randomising) and if the outcome measure included neuro-musculoskeletal comfort and/or postural alignment. The risk of bias was assessed using a tool based on The Cochrane Handbook. RESULTS Five studies were included in the review. The number of participants varied from 4 to 293 participants. Three of the five studies were Randomised Controlled Trials, one pre and post-test study was conducted and one single case, multiple baselines (ABAB) study was done. Three studies were conducted in a garment factory, one in an office environment and one with university students. All five studies found a reduction in self-reported musculoskeletal pain immediately after the intervention. Bias was introduced due to poor randomization procedures and lack of concealed allocation. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the data (differing population, intervention and outcomes across studies). CONCLUSION The findings of this review indicate a consistent trend that supports the role of a chair intervention to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms among workers who are required to sit for prolonged periods. However the amount, level and quality of the evidence are only moderate therefore we cannot make strong recommendations until further trials are conducted. The review also highlights gaps: for example in showing whether the effectiveness of a chair intervention has long-term impact, particularly with respect to musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as the recurrence of symptoms and the consequent cost of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjan-Mari van Niekerk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Quinette Abigail Louw
- Department of Physiotherapy, Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P O Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Susan Hillier
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
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Yang JF, Cho CY. Comparison of posture and muscle control pattern between male and female computer users with musculoskeletal symptoms. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2012; 43:785-791. [PMID: 22169705 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to compare the posture and muscle control patterns between male and female computer users with musculoskeletal symptoms. Forty computer users were recruited. Each subject performed a preferred speed typing, a fast speed typing, and a repetitive mouse task. The independent variables were gender, typing speed, and time. There were significant differences between genders for head and neck flexion angles when they were performing the preferred speed typing task. Significant differences between genders were also found for upper extremity angles when they were performing the repetitive mouse task. Male computer users had a smaller root mean square of the right extensor digitorium than females. In general, postural differences were significant between genders, even when the subjects' table and chair were adjusted to meet their anthropometry. Our results suggest that modifications of the computer working environment may be different between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Feng Yang
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physical Therapy, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Kuo YL, Lee LL. Prevalence and risk factors associated with spinal pain in adolescent computer users: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 10:2906-2943. [PMID: 27820496 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2012-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased computer use has been suggested as a contributing factor for a rapid increase in the prevalence of neck and back pain in adolescents in the late 1990s and the beginning of 2000. OBJECTIVE The overall objective of this review was to synthesise the best available evidence on the estimates of prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, spinal discomfort in adolescent computer users. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review considered cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies. Studies were considered for inclusion if they reported either prevalence or risk factors associated with spinal pain in adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years using computer in school or at home. SEARCH STRATEGY The search included The Cochrane Library, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, PEDro, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, ERIC, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CEPS. The grey literature was also searched. The search was limited to English and Chinese language papers, and spanned from the inception of each database to May 2011. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY Two review authors independently evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies using the standardised Joanna Briggs Institute instruments. DATA EXTRACTION Data was extracted using the standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction form. DATA SYNTHESIS Meta-analysis was not appropriate because there was considerable heterogeneity between studies. The findings were summarised in tables and in narrative form. RESULTS Seven studies were included in this review: three studies were carried out in Finland, two in the USA, one in Sweden, and one in South Africa. There was marked variability in the period prevalence data across different studies: 15-60% for cervical pain and 12-53% for lumbar pain. None of the reviewed studies reported the confidence intervals for prevalence estimate. Four studies investigated the association between the duration of computer use and cervical pain, two studies for lumbar pain and none for thoracic pain. Positive associations between the duration of computer use and cervical pain were found in three out of four studies, with the odds ratio ranged from 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.6) to 2.3 (95% CI 1.5 to 3.6). One study found that weekly internet use greater than 42 hours predicted the occurrence of lumbar pain, and the odds ratio was 1.9 with 95% CI of 1.1 to 3.4. The other study reported non-significant association without providing statistical evidence. CONCLUSION This systematic review suggests a relatively high prevalence of spinal pain in adolescents. The cervical spine region appears to be more prone to musculoskeletal pain than the lumbar or thoracic regions. Cervical spine pain was statistically significantly associated with duration of computer use, however the odds ratio may be too small to be considered clinical significant. There is conflicting evidence on the association with duration of computer use and lumbar pain and no evidence for thoracic spine. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The relatively high prevalence of spinal pain in adolescents highlights the need for preventative and treatment strategies. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Further research, preferably prospective cohort studies utilising physical examination, is required to more rigorously investigate the issue of computer use and spinal pain among adolescents. There is a need to conduct more research in Asian or developing countries to reflect any cultural or socioeconomic differences that may influence the amount of computer exposure and its potential impact on musculoskeletal health in adolescent computer users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Liang Kuo
- 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualien, Taiwan, The Taiwanese Centre for Evidence-based Health Care: An Affiliate Centre of Joanna Briggs Institute
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O'Sullivan P, Beales D, Jensen L, Murray K, Myers T. Characteristics of chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents attending a rheumatology outpatients clinic: a cross-sectional study. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011; 9:3. [PMID: 21247439 PMCID: PMC3034682 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain (CNSMSP) may develop in childhood and adolescence, leading to disability and reduced quality of life that continues into adulthood. The purpose of the study was to build a biopsychosocial profile of children and adolescents with CNSMSP. METHODS CNSMSP subjects (n = 30, 18 females, age 7-18) were compared with age matched pain free controls across a number of biopsychosocial domains. RESULTS In the psychosocial domain CNSMSP subjects had increased levels of anxiety and depression, and had more somatic pain complaints. In the lifestyle domain CNSMSP subjects had lower physical activity levels, but no difference in television or computer use compared to pain free subjects. Physically, CNSMSP subjects tended to sit with a more slumped spinal posture, had reduced back muscle endurance, increased presence of joint hypermobility and poorer gross motor skills. CONCLUSION These findings support the notion that CNSMSP is a multidimensional biopsychosocial disorder. Further research is needed to increase understanding of how the psychosocial, lifestyle and physical factors develop and interact in CNSMSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter O'Sullivan
- School of Physiotherapy and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987 Perth, 6845, Western Australia.
| | - Darren Beales
- School of Physiotherapy and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987 Perth, 6845, Western Australia
| | - Lynn Jensen
- School of Physiotherapy and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987 Perth, 6845, Western Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- Rheumatology Department, Princess Margaret Hospital, GPO Box D184, 6840, Perth Western Australia
| | - Tenielle Myers
- Physiotherapy Department, Princess Margaret Hospital, GPO Box D184, 6840, Perth Western Australia
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Responsiveness of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire in patients with hand injury. J Hand Surg Am 2010; 35:430-6. [PMID: 20138712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 11/14/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare responsiveness of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) with that of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire in patients with hand injuries. We postulated that the MHQ may be more sensitive to functional changes in the hands, whereas the DASH questionnaire would have a closer association with days of disability. METHODS Patients with hand injuries were consecutively recruited from 2 community hospitals. Each patient was asked to complete out the MHQ, the DASH questionnaire, the satisfaction with their health-related quality of life (Sat-HRQOL) measure, and Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ), which is a measure of psychological stressors. Disability days were defined as the duration of restricted activities of daily living during the previous 4 weeks. Patients repeated the same questionnaires between 2 and 9 months after enrollment (average: 4 mo). RESULTS A total of 105 patients with hand injuries were recruited, and 50 of the 105 patients returned for the second evaluation. There were no statistical differences between responders and nonresponders for age, gender, disability days, the MHQ, the DASH questionnaire, the CHQ, or the Sat-HRQOL. Responsiveness was evaluated by effect sizes and standardized response means: Those for the MHQ were 0.84 and 1.05, and those for the DASH were 0.67 and 0.86, respectively. A mixed model analysis for repeated measurements of the 50 participants showed a significant influence of psychological factors (CHQ) for both the Sat-HRQOL and disability days. After adjustment for the effects of age, gender, and the CHQ, there was an increment of one Sat-HRQOL unit for an MHQ score increment of 3.2, whereas the score decrement for the DASH questionnaire was 3.3 units. CONCLUSIONS The MHQ might be slightly more sensitive to functional changes, but the DASH questionnaire seemed more correlated with disability days. Psychological factors are the strongest determinants of the HRQOL and disability.
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The association between postural alignment and psychosocial factors to upper quadrant pain in high school students: A prospective study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 14:647-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wiholm C, Arnetz BB. Stress management and musculoskeletal disorders in knowledge workers: The possible mediating effects of stress hormones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/14038190500494683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Prins Y, Crous L, Louw QA. A systematic review of posture and psychosocial factors as contributors to upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. Physiother Theory Pract 2008; 24:221-42. [PMID: 18574749 DOI: 10.1080/09593980701704089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain has become a major symptomatic complaint among children and adolescents and is increasingly occurring at a younger age. This systematic review was done to evaluate the evidence for the contribution of posture and psychosocial factors to the development of upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. The review describes the measurement tools used to assess musculoskeletal pain, sitting posture, and psychosocial factors. Two independent reviewers searched seven databases for observational studies that included prospective and cross-sectional study designs. Ten studies were extracted and assessed by two reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Form-Quantitative Studies (Law et al, 1998). The studies measured upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain as an outcome measure. Five studies evaluated sitting posture and found an association between the duration of static sitting and upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain. Six studies measured psychosocial factors of which depression, stress, and psychosomatic symptoms were the factors most commonly found to influence the development of upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain. The eligible studies used different pain measurement tools and different measurement tools to assess sitting posture and psychosocial factors. This review concludes that the duration of sitting posture and psychosocial factors may influence the experience of musculoskeletal pain among children and adolescents.
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Hsieh YJ, Cho CY. Using risk factors, myoelectric signal, and finger tremor to distinguish computer users with and without musculoskeletal symptoms. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 104:9-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-008-0767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Survey of faulty postures and associated factors among Chinese adolescents. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2008; 31:224-9. [PMID: 18394500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the prevalence of common faulty postures among adolescents and identify if significant relationships existed among the number of faulty postures, psychologic distress, and musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS The Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Chinese Health Questionnaire were randomly distributed to 300 high school students in the Tainan area. On-campus postural screening, which included digital photography, manual muscle tests, and flexibility tests, was also performed. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-seven participants completed all of the evaluations. The most common faulty posture was uneven shoulder level (36%), followed by forward head posture (25%). There was a sex difference between groups. The incidence of forward head posture for the male students was higher than that of the female students (P < .0001). In addition, the high psychologic distress group tended to have a higher prevalence of uneven shoulder height than that of the low psychologic distress group (P < .0001). As for the correlation analysis, the researchers did not find a high correlation among the scores of the faulty posture, psychologic distress, and musculoskeletal symptoms. CONCLUSION The results of this study show that the incidence of faulty posture was high for the adolescent group, especially for the uneven shoulder level. Subjects' awareness about being assessed might decrease the incidence for some faulty posture. However, the relationships among the number of faulty postures, psychologic distress, and musculoskeletal symptoms were low. We suggest that there are multiple factors that might contribute to musculoskeletal symptoms; faulty posture could be one important factor that causes symptoms.
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Lightsey OR, Wells AG, Wang MC, Pietruszka T, Çiftçi A, Stancil B. Emotion-Oriented Coping, Avoidance Coping, and Fear of Pain as Mediators of the Relationship Between Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Pain-Related Distress Among African American and Caucasian College Women. COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/0011000007312991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The authors tested whether coping styles and fear of pain mediate the relationship between positive affect and negative affect on one hand and pain-related distress (PD) on the other. Among African American and Caucasian female college students, negative affect, fear of pan, and emotion-oriented coping together accounted for 34% of the variance in PD among African American woman and 40% of the variance in PD among Caucasion women. Emotion-oriented coping and fear of pain fully mediated the relationship between negative affect and PD among Caucasian women and partly mediated the relationship between negative affect and PD among African American women. Results suggest that reducing college women's reliance on emotion-oriented coping and their fears of pain may help reduce PD.
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Ming Z, Närhi M, Siivola J. Neck and shoulder pain related to computer use. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2004; 11:51-56. [PMID: 15177516 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2004.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neck and shoulder pain (NSP) symptoms are very common among intensive computer users. This paper reviews recent 20 years' research publications, which have focused on pathophysiology and other aspects of the neck and shoulder pain related to computer use (NSPRCU). The disorder is usually multidimensional, occupational, personal and social factors are among these evolved. Suggestions concerning the diagnostics, procedures of prevention, and treatment options have been discussed. As the details of pathophysiology of these disorders are not yet clear, further studies on NSPRCU are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Ming
- Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Finland
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Takeuchi T, Nakao M, Nishikitani M, Yano E. Stress Perception and Social Indicators for Low Back, Shoulder and Joint Pains in Japan: National Surveys in 1995 and 2001. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2004; 203:195-204. [PMID: 15240929 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.203.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to clarify the effects of stress perception and related social indicators on three major musculoskeletal symptoms: low back, shoulder, and joint pains in a Japanese population. Twenty health-related variables (stress perception and 19 social indicators) and the three symptoms were obtained from the following Japanese national surveys: the Comprehensive Survey of Living Condition of the People on Health and Welfare, the System of Social and Demographic Statistics of Japan, and the Statistical Report on Health Administration Services. The results were compared among 46 Japanese prefectures in 1995 and 2001. By factor analysis, the 19 indicators were classified into three factors of urbanization, aging and life-regularity, and individualization. The prevalence of stress perception was significantly correlated to the 8 indicators of urbanization factor. Although simple correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship of stress perception only to shoulder pain (in both years) and low back pain (in 2001), the results of multiple regression analysis showed that stress perception and some urbanization factors were significantly associated with all the three symptoms in both years exclusive of joint pain in 1995. Taking the effects of urbanization into consideration, stress perception seems to be closely related to the complaints of musculoskeletal symptoms in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeaki Takeuchi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo
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