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Ohgaki F, Tatezuki J, Takemoto Y, Miyazaki K, Mochimatsu Y. Preoperative Rehearsal Sketch for Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping Improves the Accuracy and the Safety of the Surgical Procedure. World Neurosurg 2023; 178:1-8. [PMID: 37393994 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With advances in endovascular therapy, the number of cerebral aneurysm clippings has been decreasing. However, some patients are indicated for clipping surgeries. In such circumstances, preoperative simulation is important for the safety and educational aspects of the operation. Herein, we introduce a simulation method using the preoperative rehearsal sketch and report its applicability. METHODS We compared the preoperative rehearsal sketch with the surgical view for all patients who underwent cerebral aneurysm clipping by neurosurgeons below the seventh grade between April 2019 and September 2022 in our facility. The aneurysm, running of parent and branched arteries, perforators, veins, and clip working were evaluated by senior doctors and scored as follows: correct, 2; partially correct, 1; incorrect, 0; and total score, 12. We retrospectively evaluated the relationship between these scores and postoperative perforator infarctions and, in addition, compared that between simulated and not simulated cases. RESULTS In the simulated cases, the total scores did not correlate with perforator infarctions, but assessments of the aneurysm, perforators, and clip working affected the total score (P = 0.039, 0.014, and 0.049, respectively). Moreover, perforator infarctions were significantly less in the simulated cases (6.3% vs. 38.5%; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Precise interpretations of preoperative images and considerations of three-dimensional images are imperative to perform safe and accurate surgeries using preoperative simulation. Although perforators are not always detected preoperatively, it is possible to presume in the surgical view using anatomic knowledge. Therefore, drawing the preoperative rehearsal sketch improves the safety of surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukutaro Ohgaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Junya Tatezuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takemoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Mochimatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Yang MY, Tseng HC, Liu CH, Tsai SY, Chen JH, Chu YH, Li ST, Lee JJ, Liao WC. Effects of the individual three-dimensional printed craniofacial bones with a quick response code on the skull spatial knowledge of undergraduate medical students. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2023; 16:858-869. [PMID: 36905326 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the human skull is imperative for medical courses. However, medical students are overwhelmed by the spatial complexity of the skull. Separated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bone models have advantages as learning tools, but they are fragile and expensive. This study aimed to reconstruct 3D-printed skull bone models (3D-PSBs) using polylactic acid (PLA) with anatomical characteristics for spatial recognition of the skull. Student responses to 3D-PSB application were investigated through a questionnaire and tests to understand the requirement of these models as a learning tool. The students were randomly divided into 3D-PSB (n = 63) and skull (n = 67) groups to analyze pre- and post-test scores. Their knowledge was improved, with the gain scores of the 3D-PSB group (50.0 ± 3.0) higher than that of the skull group (37.3 ± 5.2). Most students agreed that using 3D-PSBs with quick response codes could improve immediate feedback on teaching (88%; 4.41 ± 0.75), while 85.9% of the students agreed that individual 3D-PSBs clarified the structures hidden within the skull (4.41 ± 0.75). The ball drop test revealed that the mechanical strength of the cement/PLA model was significantly greater than that of the cement or PLA model. The prices of the PVC, cement, and cement/PLA models were 234, 1.9, and 10 times higher than that of the 3D-PSB model, respectively. These findings imply that low-cost 3D-PSB models could revolutionize skull anatomical education by incorporating digital technologies like the QR system into the anatomical teaching repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Yi Yang
- Department of Medical Education, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chun Tseng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Tsai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Hsiung Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hung Chu
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ti Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jr Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Liao
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Joseph FJ, Vanluchene HER, Bervini D. Simulation training approaches in intracranial aneurysm surgery-a systematic review. Neurosurg Rev 2023; 46:101. [PMID: 37131015 PMCID: PMC10154262 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-01995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing complexity and decreasing exposure to intracranial aneurysm surgery, training and maintenance of the surgical skills have become challenging. This review elaborated on simulation training for intracranial aneurysm clipping. METHODS A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines to identify studies on aneurysm clipping training using models and simulators. The primary outcome was the identification of the predominant modes of the simulation process, models, and training methods associated with a microsurgical learning curve. The secondary outcomes included assessments of the validation of such simulators and the learning capability from the use of such simulators. RESULTS Of the 2068 articles screened, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. The chosen reports used a wide range of simulation approaches including ex vivo methods (n = 6); virtual reality (VR) platforms (n = 11); and static (n = 6) and dynamic (n = 3) 3D-printed aneurysm models (n = 6). The ex vivo training methods have limited availability, VR simulators lack haptics and tactility, while 3D static models lack important microanatomical components and the simulation of blood flow. 3D dynamic models including pulsatile flow are reusable and cost-effective but miss microanatomical components. CONCLUSIONS The existing training methods are heterogenous and do not realistically simulate the complete microsurgical workflow. The current simulations lack certain anatomical features and crucial surgical steps. Future research should focus on developing and validating a reusable, cost-effective training platform. No systematic validation method exists for the different training models, so there is a need to build homogenous assessment tools and validate the role of simulation in education and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick J Joseph
- Image Guided Therapy, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Hanne E R Vanluchene
- Image Guided Therapy, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Bervini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Zhang Q, Wei J, Chen H. Advances in pelvic imaging parameters predicting surgical difficulty in rectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:64. [PMID: 36843078 PMCID: PMC9969644 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the fixed bony structure of the pelvis, the pelvic operation space is limited, complicating the surgical operation of rectal cancer, especially middle and low rectal cancer. The closer the tumor is to the anal verge, the smaller the operative field and operating space, the longer the operative time, and the greater the incidence of intraoperative side injuries and postoperative complications. To date, there is still no clear definition of a difficult pelvis that affects the surgical operation of rectal cancer. Few related research reports exist in the literature, and views on this aspect are not the same between countries. Therefore, it is particularly important to predict the difficulty of rectal cancer surgery in a certain way before surgery and to select the surgical method most suitable for each case during the treatment of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbai Zhang
- grid.411491.8Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiufeng Wei
- grid.411491.8Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Wang S, Huang Q, Yuan J, Zhang H, Yang N, Pang Z. Application of 3D Printing in Individualized Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2023; 26:81-84. [PMID: 37034038 PMCID: PMC10081545 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_133_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - HongBing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mantilla DE, Ferrara R, Ortiz AF, Vera DD, Nicoud F, Costalat V. Validation of three-dimensional printed models of intracranial aneurysms. Interv Neuroradiol 2022:15910199221143254. [PMID: 36503318 DOI: 10.1177/15910199221143254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional (3D) printing has evolved for medical applications as it can produce customized 3D models of devices and implants that can improve patient care. In this study, we aimed to validate the geometrical accuracy of the 3D models of intracranial aneurysms printed using Stereolithography 3D printing technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS To compare the unruptured intracranial aneurysm mesh between the five patients and 3D printed models, we opened the DICOM files in the Sim&Size® simulation software, selected the region of interest, and performed the threshold check. We juxtaposed the 3D reconstructions and manually rotated the images to get the same orientation when needed and measured deviations at different nodes of the patient and 3D printed model meshes. RESULTS In the first patient, 80% of the nodes were separated by <0.56 mm and 0.17 mm. In the second patient, the deviations were below 0.17 mm for 80% of the meshes' nodes. In the next three patients, the deviations were below 0.21, 0.23, and 0.11 mm for 80% of the meshes' nodes. Finally, the overall deviation was below 0.21 mm for 80% of the mesh nodes of the five aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS 3D printed models of intracranial aneurysms are accurate, having surfaces that resemble that of patients' angiographies with an 80% cumulative deviation below 0.21 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Mantilla
- Interventional Radiology Department, Fundación oftalmológica de Santander Clínica Ardila Lülle, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Interventional Radiology Department, 27968Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Faculté de Sciencies, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Andrés F Ortiz
- Interventional Radiology Department, Fundación oftalmológica de Santander Clínica Ardila Lülle, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Interventional Radiology Department, 27968Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Daniela D Vera
- Physician. Radiology Department, Fundación oftalmológica de Santander, Clínica Ardila Lülle, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Franck Nicoud
- Institut Montpelliérain Alexander, Grothendieck, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Neuroradiology, Hôpital Güi-de-Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Faraj MK. Are innovation and creativity possible in a country at war? My story of neurosurgery in Baghdad, Iraq. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:402. [PMID: 36128148 PMCID: PMC9479577 DOI: 10.25259/sni_664_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schlegel L, Ho M, Fields JM, Backlund E, Pugliese R, Shine KM. Standardizing evaluation of patient-specific 3D printed models in surgical planning: development of a cross-disciplinary survey tool for physician and trainee feedback. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:614. [PMID: 35953840 PMCID: PMC9373487 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D printed models are becoming increasingly popular in healthcare as visual and tactile tools to enhance understanding of anatomy and pathology in medical trainee education, provide procedural simulation training, and guide surgical procedures. Patient-specific 3D models are currently being used preoperatively for trainee medical education in planning surgical approaches and intraoperatively to guide decision-making in several specialties. Our study group utilized a modified Delphi process to create a standardized assessment for trainees using patient-specific 3D models as a tool in medical education during pre-surgical planning. METHODS A literature review was conducted to identify survey questions administered to clinicians in published surgical planning studies regarding the use of patient-specific 3D models. A core study team reviewed these questions, removed duplicates, categorized them, mapped them to overarching themes, and, where applicable, modified individual questions into a form generalizable across surgical specialties. The core study panel included a physician, physician-scientist, social scientist, engineer/medical student, and 3D printing lab manager. A modified Delphi process was then used to solicit feedback on the clarity and relevance of the individual questions from an expert panel consisting of 12 physicians from specialties including anesthesiology, emergency medicine, radiology, urology, otolaryngology, and obstetrics/gynecology. When the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)/American College of Radiology (ACR) 3D Printing Registry Data Dictionary was released, additional survey questions were reviewed. A final cross-disciplinary survey of the utility of 3D printed models in surgical planning medical education was developed. RESULTS The literature review identified 100 questions previously published in surveys assessing patient-specific 3D models for surgical planning. Following the review, generalization, and mapping of survey questions from these studies, a list of 24 questions was generated for review by the expert study team. Five additional questions were identified in the RSNA/ACR 3D Printing Registry Data Dictionary and included for review. A final questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was developed. CONCLUSIONS As 3D printed models become more common in medical education, the need for standardized assessment is increasingly essential. The standardized questionnaire developed in this study reflects the interests of a variety of stakeholders in patient-specific 3D models across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Schlegel
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, 925 Chestnut Street Basement Level, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building, Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Michelle Ho
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, 925 Chestnut Street Basement Level, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System, 800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - J Matthew Fields
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, 1020 Sansom Street, Thompson Building, Suite 239, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Erik Backlund
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, 925 Chestnut Street Basement Level, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Robert Pugliese
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, 925 Chestnut Street Basement Level, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Innovation Pillar, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, 925 Chestnut Street, Suite 110, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Kristy M Shine
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, 925 Chestnut Street Basement Level, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building, Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, 1020 Sansom Street, Thompson Building, Suite 239, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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Park CK. 3D-Printed Disease Models for Neurosurgical Planning, Simulation, and Training. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2022; 65:489-498. [PMID: 35762226 PMCID: PMC9271812 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2021.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial insight into intracranial pathology and structure is important for neurosurgeons to perform safe and successful surgeries. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the medical field has made it possible to produce intuitive models that can help with spatial perception. Recent advances in 3D-printed disease models have removed barriers to entering the clinical field and medical market, such as precision and texture reality, speed of production, and cost. The 3D-printed disease model is now ready to be actively applied to daily clinical practice in neurosurgical planning, simulation, and training. In this review, the development of 3D-printed neurosurgical disease models and their application are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hoz SS, Al-Sharshahi ZF, Esene IN, Dolachee AA, Neamah AM, Al-Khafaji AO, Al-Dhahir MA, Sadik H. PubMed-indexed neurosurgical research productivity of Iraq-based neurosurgeons. Surg Neurol Int 2021; 12:223. [PMID: 34221554 PMCID: PMC8248137 DOI: 10.25259/sni_47_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Research is a central component of neurosurgical training and practice and is increasingly viewed as a quintessential indicator of academic productivity. In this study, we focus on identifying the current status and challenges of neurosurgical research in Iraq. Methods: An online PubMed Medline database search was conducted to identify all articles published by Iraq-based neurosurgeons between 2003 and 2020. Information was extracted in relation to the following parameters: authors, year of publication, author’s affiliation, author’s specialty, article type, article citation, journal name, journal impact factor, and topic. This data were then tabulated and analyzed. Results: Between 2003 and 2021, a total of 52 PubMed indexed papers were published from Iraq. All publications have been clustered in the period of 2012–2020. From 2012 to 2016, only four papers were published, one per year. The number of publications increased from 2017 to 2021, with an average of 12 publications per year. The most common article type was “case reports” (n = 14). Neurotrauma (n = 10) and vascular neurosurgery (n = 10) were the two most common topics. Most of the studies came from the city of Bagdad (n = 46), with just nine studies coming from peripheral governorates. The Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital in Bagdad was the neurosurgery center with the highest research output (n = 38). Conclusion: The number of publications per year has been showing a, relatively, promising trend since 2012. However, to promote sustained growth in academic productivity, a strategic plan that acknowledges the political, financial, and health-system-related challenges are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S Hoz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ignatius N Esene
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Ali A Dolachee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali M Neamah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Mohammed A Al-Dhahir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Strong Memorial Hospital University, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Hatem Sadik
- Department of Intensive Care, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Marciuc EA, Dobrovat BI, Popescu RM, Dobrin N, Chiriac A, Marciuc D, Eva L, Haba D. 3D Printed Models-A Useful Tool in Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050598. [PMID: 34066604 PMCID: PMC8148564 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many developments were made in the area of endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, but this procedure also requires a good assessment of vascular anatomy prior to intervention. Seventy-six cases with brain aneurysms were selected and 1:1 scale 3D printed models were created. We asked three interventional neurosurgeons with different degrees of experience (ten years, four years, and a fourth-year resident) to review the cases using CTA (computed tomography angiogram) with MPR (multiplanar reconstructions) and VRT (volume rendering technique) and make a decision: coil embolization or stent-assisted coil embolization. After we provided them with the 3D printed models, they were asked to review their treatment plan. Statistical analysis was performed and the endovascular approach changed in 11.84% of cases for ten-year experienced neurosurgeons, 13.15% for four years experienced neurosurgeon, and 21.05% for residents. The interobserver agreement was very good between the ten years experienced interventionist and four years experienced interventionist when they analyzed the data set that included the 3D printed model. The agreement was higher between all physicians after they examined the printed model. 3D patient-specific printed models may be useful in choosing between two different endovascular techniques and also help the residents to better understand the vascular anatomy and the overall procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Adriana Marciuc
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.A.M.); (R.M.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Bogdan Ionut Dobrovat
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.A.M.); (R.M.P.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-752-173-839
| | - Roxana Mihaela Popescu
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.A.M.); (R.M.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Nicolaie Dobrin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu”, 700309 Iasi, Romania; (N.D.); (A.C.); (L.E.)
| | - Alexandru Chiriac
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu”, 700309 Iasi, Romania; (N.D.); (A.C.); (L.E.)
| | - Daniel Marciuc
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Lucian Eva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu”, 700309 Iasi, Romania; (N.D.); (A.C.); (L.E.)
| | - Danisia Haba
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.A.M.); (R.M.P.); (D.H.)
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Błaszczyk M, Jabbar R, Szmyd B, Radek M. 3D Printing of Rapid, Low-Cost and Patient-Specific Models of Brain Vasculature for Use in Preoperative Planning in Clipping of Intracranial Aneurysms. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061201. [PMID: 33805774 PMCID: PMC8000886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a practical and cost-effective method of production of a 3D-printed model of the arterial Circle of Willis of patients treated because of an intracranial aneurysm. We present and explain the steps necessary to produce a 3D model from medical image data, and express the significant value such models have in patient-specific pre-operative planning as well as education. A Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) viewer is used to create 3D visualization from a patient’s Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) images. After generating the reconstruction, we manually remove the anatomical components that we wish to exclude from the print by utilizing tools provided with the imaging software. We then export this 3D reconstructions file into a Standard Triangulation Language (STL) file which is then run through a “Slicer” software to generate a G-code file for the printer. After the print is complete, the supports created during the printing process are removed manually. The 3D-printed models we created were of good accuracy and scale. The median production time used for the models described in this manuscript was 4.4 h (range: 3.9–4.5 h). Models were evaluated by neurosurgical teams at local hospital for quality and practicality for use in urgent and non-urgent care. We hope we have provided readers adequate insight into the equipment and software they would require to quickly produce their own accurate and cost-effective 3D models from CT angiography images. It has become quite clear to us that the cost-benefit ratio in the production of such a simplified model is worthwhile.
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