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Drzewiecka M, Jaśniak D, Barszczewska-Pietraszek G, Czarny P, Kobrzycka A, Wieczorek M, Radek M, Szemraj J, Skorski T, Śliwiński T. Class I HDAC Inhibition Leads to a Downregulation of FANCD2 and RAD51, and the Eradication of Glioblastoma Cells. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1315. [PMID: 37763083 PMCID: PMC10532614 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) hold great potential as anticancer therapies due to their ability to regulate the acetylation of both histone and non-histone proteins, which is frequently disrupted in cancer and contributes to the development and advancement of the disease. Additionally, HDACi have been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effects of DNA-damaging agents such as radiation and cisplatin. In this study, we found that histone deacetylase inhibits valproic acid (VPA), synergized with PARP1 inhibitor (PARPi), talazoparib (BMN-673), and alkylating agent, and temozolomide (TMZ) to induce DNA damage and reduce glioblastoma multiforme. At the molecular level, VPA leads to a downregulation of FANCD2 and RAD51, and the eradication of glioblastoma cells. The results of this study indicate that combining HDACi with PARPi could potentially enhance the treatment of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of cancer that originates in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Drzewiecka
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland (G.B.-P.)
| | - Dominika Jaśniak
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland (G.B.-P.)
| | - Gabriela Barszczewska-Pietraszek
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland (G.B.-P.)
| | - Piotr Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland; (P.C.)
| | - Anna Kobrzycka
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Wieczorek
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland; (P.C.)
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland (G.B.-P.)
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Malicki M, Szmyd BM, Bobeff EJ, Karuga FF, Piotrowski MM, Kościołek D, Wanibuchi S, Radek M, Jaskólski DJ. The Superior Cerebellar Artery: Variability and Clinical Significance. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2009. [PMID: 37509648 PMCID: PMC10376954 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arises from the distal part of the basilar artery and passes by the oculomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal nerves. SCA is known to play a crucial role in the development of trigeminal neuralgia. However, due to its anatomical variability, it may also trigger other neurovascular compression (NVC), including hemifacial spasm, oculomotor nerve palsy, and ocular neuromyotonia. Additionally, it may be associated with ischemic syndromes and aneurysm development, highlighting its clinical significance. The most common anatomical variations of the SCA include duplication, a single vessel origin from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and a common trunk with PCA. Rarely observed variants include bifurcation and origin from the internal carotid artery. Certain anatomical variants such as early bifurcation and caudal course of duplicated SCA trunk may increase the risk of NVC. In this narrative review, we aimed to examine the impact of the anatomical variations of SCA on the NVCs based on papers published in Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases with a snowballing approach. Our review emphasizes the importance of a thorough understanding of the anatomical variability of SCA to optimize the management of patients with NVCs associated with this artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Malicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego St. 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Bartosz M. Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcinskiego St. 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (B.M.S.); (M.M.P.); (D.J.J.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Sporna St. 36/50, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ernest J. Bobeff
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcinskiego St. 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (B.M.S.); (M.M.P.); (D.J.J.)
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowieka St. 6/8, 92-251 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Filip F. Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowieka St. 6/8, 92-251 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał M. Piotrowski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcinskiego St. 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (B.M.S.); (M.M.P.); (D.J.J.)
| | - Dawid Kościołek
- Central Teaching Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 251, 92-208 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Sora Wanibuchi
- The Faculty of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego St. 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Dariusz J. Jaskólski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcinskiego St. 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (B.M.S.); (M.M.P.); (D.J.J.)
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Szmyd B, Malicki M, Blaszczyk M, Karuga FF, Braun M, Sołek J, Jabbar R, Jankowski J, Wysiadecki G, Radek M. Glomangioma in the hand: diagnosis, treatment, and challenges. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2023; 57:387-391. [PMID: 37341191 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2023.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this paper, we have analysed all hand glomangioma cases referred to our clinic in the context of symptoms, time to diagnosis, and the role of surgical resection of the lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS We have collected the following data: the presence of risk factors, manifestation, time to diagnosis, the treatment applied, and follow-up of patients. RESULTS We have collected medical records from six patients, three males and three females. The median age was 45 (IQR: 29.5-65.75). The main symptom in all patients was severe pain and tenderness. The first-choice physician(s) were: general practitioners, general surgeons, and neurologists. The median time to diagnosis was 7 (IQR: 5-10) years. The main complaint of our patients was severe pain - 9 (IQR: 9-10) on the VAS scale, which was significantly alleviated after surgical treatment - 0 (IQR: 0-0; p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Extremely long times to final diagnosis, and excellent outcomes of surgical treatment, highlight the necessity of raising awareness of glomangiomas among clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Malicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Blaszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Braun
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Sołek
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Drzewiecka M, Gajos-Michniewicz A, Hoser G, Jaśniak D, Barszczewska-Pietraszek G, Sitarek P, Czarny P, Piekarski J, Radek M, Czyż M, Skorski T, Śliwiński T. Histone Deacetylases (HDAC) Inhibitor-Valproic Acid Sensitizes Human Melanoma Cells to Dacarbazine and PARP Inhibitor. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1295. [PMID: 37372475 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) holds promise as a potential anti-cancer therapy as histone and non-histone protein acetylation is frequently disrupted in cancer, leading to cancer initiation and progression. Additionally, the use of a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) such as the class I HDAC inhibitor-valproic acid (VPA) has been shown to enhance the effectiveness of DNA-damaging factors, such as cisplatin or radiation. In this study, we found that the use of VPA in combination with talazoparib (BMN-673-PARP1 inhibitor-PARPi) and/or Dacarbazine (DTIC-alkylating agent) resulted in an increased rate of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and reduced survival (while not affecting primary melanocytes) and the proliferation of melanoma cells. Furthermore, the pharmacological inhibition of class I HDACs sensitizes melanoma cells to apoptosis following exposure to DTIC and BMN-673. In addition, the inhibition of HDACs causes the sensitization of melanoma cells to DTIV and BMN-673 in melanoma xenografts in vivo. At the mRNA and protein level, the histone deacetylase inhibitor downregulated RAD51 and FANCD2. This study aims to demonstrate that combining an HDACi, alkylating agent and PARPi could potentially enhance the treatment of melanoma, which is commonly recognized as being among the most aggressive malignant tumors. The findings presented here point to a scenario in which HDACs, via enhancing the HR-dependent repair of DSBs created during the processing of DNA lesions, are essential nodes in the resistance of malignant melanoma cells to methylating agent-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Drzewiecka
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Gajos-Michniewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Department of Flow Cytometry, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Jaśniak
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Piekarski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Czyż
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Wysiadecki G, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J, Radek M, Walocha J, Brzeziński P, Kobos J, Polguj M. Microanatomical study of arachnoid granulations and meningeal architecture around Meckel's cave. Neurosurg Rev 2023; 46:50. [PMID: 36754877 PMCID: PMC9908694 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-01954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the microanatomy of Meckel's cave (MC) has been well studied, there are still controversies regarding the meningeal architecture of the space. Moreover, there are only general mentions of the arachnoid granulations near MC in just a few sources. This study is aimed at determining the frequency, location, and anatomical variability of the main clusters of arachnoid granulations around MC. The dissection involved 26 isolated specimens of MC fixed in formalin (neutral buffered, 10%). This number included five freshly harvested specimens examined histologically. Additional paraffin block with MC horizontal section was taken from our neuroanatomical collection. Carefully selected anatomical and histological techniques were applied to assess the complex relationships between the arachnoid granulations and adjacent structures. Arachnoid granulations were found around MC in all specimens with different anatomical variations. The main clusters of arachnoid granulations were close to the trigeminal ganglion and its divisions. The dorsolateral wall of MC was a thick layer formed by interweaving bundles of collagen fibers arranged in various directions. The entire MC was surrounded by a dural sleeve (envelope). This sleeve separated MC from the lateral sellar compartment. At its anterior (rostral) end, it formed a cribriform area pierced by individual fascicles of the trigeminal nerve's primary divisions. The connective tissue forming the sleeve was not only continuous with the epineurium but also shifted to the perineuria surrounding individual nerve fascicles. The meningeal architecture around MC has a complex and multilayer arrangement with a collagenous sleeve closely related to the trigeminal ganglion. Arachnoid granulations are typically found around MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland.
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walocha
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Brzeziński
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Józef Kobos
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Polguj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
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Pettersson SD, Jabbar R, Popławska M, Och A, Orrego-Gonzalez E, Klepinowski T, Krakowiak M, Sagan L, Radek M, Zakrzewski K, Nowoslawska E, Kwiecien K, Skrzypkowska P, Szmuda T, Miękisiak G, Vega RA. Telovelar versus transvermian approach to tumors of the fourth ventricle and their impact on postoperative neurological complications: A multicenter study. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:124. [PMID: 37151430 PMCID: PMC10159312 DOI: 10.25259/sni_167_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors of the fourth ventricle are exceedingly rare; however, such lesions are formidable due to the severe postoperative neurological complications (pNCs) which often occur. The adoption of the telovelar approach over the transvermian was created to supposedly mitigate the pNCs; however, there is a lack of sufficient data supporting this theory. Methods Records from six hospitals were reviewed for patients surgically treated for a single tumor within the 4th ventricle from 2016 to 2022. The pNCs which had 10 or more occurrences among the patients were individually assessed as the dependent variable in a binary logistic regression model against covariates which included the surgical approach. Results This study of 67 patients confirms no significant differences in risk for pNCs between the transvermian and telovelar approach. Rather, multivariate analysis identified neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) as a protective factor for postoperative speech and swallowing defects (odds ratio [OR]: 0.076, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.011-0.525). Furthermore, intraoperative external ventricular drainage (EVD) was a protective factor for postoperative gait and focal motor defects (OR: 0.075, 95% CI 0.009-0.648) and for postoperative hydrocephalus (OR: 0.020, 95% CI 0.002-0.233). A univariate meta-analysis pooling the present study's patients and an additional 304 patients from the three additional studies in the literature confirms no significant differences in risk between the transvermian and telovelar approach for pNCs. Conclusion Intraoperative adjuncts including IONM and EVD may play a significant role in the postoperative outcome. Despite the present study's sample size being a major limitation, the findings may provide great value to neurosurgeons given the scarcity of the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Aleksander Och
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Eduardo Orrego-Gonzalez
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | | | - Michał Krakowiak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Leszek Sagan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Emilia Nowoslawska
- Department of Neurosurgery, Polish Mother Memorial Research Institute, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiecien
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Szmuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Rafael A. Vega
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Corresponding author: Rafael A. Vega, Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.
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Siwak M, Maślankiewicz M, Nowak-Zduńczyk A, Filipek B, Wojtczak R, Radek M, Kucharska E, Szaflik J, Szaflik J, Majsterek I. Analysis of rs7895833 polymorphism of SIRT1 gene and its influence on the risk occurrence and progression of neurodegenerative disease, such as primary open-angle glaucoma in a Polish population. J Pre Clin Clin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26444/jpccr/157149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Golberg M, Wysiadecki G, Kobos J, Brzeziński P, Polguj M, Clarke E, Barszcz K, Balawender K, Radek M, Żytkowski A. Application of automated immunohistochemistry in anatomical research: A brief review of the method. Translational Research in Anatomy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Jabbar R, Szmyd B, Jankowski J, Lusa W, Pawełczyk A, Wysiadecki G, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J, Radek M. Intramedullary Spinal Cord Abscess with Concomitant Spinal Degenerative Diseases: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175148. [PMID: 36079075 PMCID: PMC9457049 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramedullary spinal cord abscess (ISCA) is a rare clinical pathology of the central nervous system that usually accompanies other underlying comorbidities. Traditionally it has been associated with significant mortality and neurological morbidities because it is often difficult to diagnose promptly, owing to its nonspecific clinical and neuroimaging features. The mortality rate and the outcome of these infections have been improved by the introduction into clinical practice of antibiotics, advanced neuroimaging modalities, and immediate surgery. We report the case of a 65-year-old male patient who presented with a progressive spastic gait and lumbar pain, predominantly in the left leg. An MRI image revealed an expansile intramedullary cystic mass in the thoracic spinal cord, which was initially diagnosed as a spinal tumor. He underwent laminectomy and myelotomy, and eventually the pus was drained from the abscess. The follow-up MRI showed improvement, but the patient’s paraplegia persisted. In light of his persistent hypoesthesia and paraplegic gait with developing neuropathic pain, he was readmitted, and an MRI of his lumbar spine revealed multilevel degenerative disease and tethered spinal cord syndrome with compression of the medulla at the L2–L3 level. The patient underwent central flavectomy with bilateral foraminotomy at the L2–L3 level, and the medulla was decompressed. Postoperatively, his neurological symptoms were significantly improved, and he was discharged from hospital on the third day after admission. In support of our case, we systematically reviewed the recent literature and analyzed cases published between 1949 and May 2022, including clinical features, mechanisms of infection, predisposing factors, radiological investigations, microbial etiologies, therapies and their duration, follow-ups, and outcomes. Initial clinical presentation can be misleading, and the diagnosis can be challenging, because this condition is rare and coexists with other spinal diseases. Hence, a high index of suspicion for making an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention is required to preclude mortality and unfavorable outcomes. Our case is a clear example thereof. Long-term follow-up is also essential to monitor for abscess recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Lusa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada FZ 818, West Indies
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Szmyd B, Jabbar R, Lusa W, Karuga FF, Pawełczyk A, Błaszczyk M, Jankowski J, Sołek J, Wysiadecki G, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J, Radek M. What Is Currently Known about Intramedullary Spinal Cord Abscess among Children? A Concise Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154549. [PMID: 35956164 PMCID: PMC9369492 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramedullary spinal cord abscesses (ISCA) are rare. Typical symptoms include signs of infection and neurological deficits. Symptoms among (younger) children can be highly uncharacteristic. Therefore, prompt and proper diagnoses may be difficult. Typical therapeutic options include antibiotics and neurosurgical exploration and drainage. In this review, we analyze published cases of ISCA among children. Most pediatric cases were found to be under the age of 6 years. The typical symptoms included motor deficits in 89.06%, infection signs in 85.94%, and sensory deficits in 39.06%. Urinary dysfunction was observed in 43.75%, and bowel dysfunction in 17.19%. The predisposing factors included dermal sinuses, (epi)dermoid cysts, prior infection, iatrogenic disorder, and trauma. The most common pathogens were: Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis. The pediatric population has good outcomes as 45.93% of patients had complete neurological recovery and only 26.56% had residual neurological deficits. Fifteen (23.44%) had persistent neurological deficits. Only one (1.56%) patient died with an ISCA. In two (3.13%) cases, there were no details about follow-up examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Lusa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Sołek
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada FZ 818, West Indies
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Jabbar R, Jankowski J, Pawełczyk A, Szmyd B, Solek J, Pierzak O, Wojdyn M, Radek M. Cervical Paraspinal Chordoma: A Literature Review with a Novel Case Report. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144117. [PMID: 35887879 PMCID: PMC9325254 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chordomas are rare malignant neoplasms, accounting for 1–4% of all primary bone tumors. Most spinal chordomas occur in the sacrococcygeal region and the base of the skull; however, 6% of chordomas are observed in the cervical spine. In these cases, the lesion is mainly located in the midline. These tumors slowly grow before becoming symptomatic and encase the surrounding vascular and nerve structures. Patients with advanced chordoma have a poor prognosis due to local recurrence with infiltration and destruction of adjacent bone and tissues. Systemic chemotherapy options have not been fully effective in these tumors, especially for recurrent chordomas. Thus, new combinations of currently available targeted molecular and biological therapies with radiotherapy have been proposed as potential treatment modalities. Here, the present paper describes the case of a 41-year-old male with a C2–C4 chordoma located paravertebrally, who underwent surgical resection with a debulking procedure for a cervical chordoma. Computed tomography angiography revealed a paraspinal mass with bone remodeling and the MRI showed a paravertebral mass penetrating to the spinal canal with a widening of the intervertebral C2–C3 foramen. Initially, the tumor was diagnosed as schwannoma based on its localization and imaging features; however, the histopathology specimen confirmed the diagnosis of chordoma. This case study highlights the effectivity of radical surgical resection as a mainstay treatment for chordomas, discusses neuroimaging, diagnosis, and the use of currently available targeted therapies and forthcoming treatment strategies, as alternative treatment options for chordoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Julia Solek
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Olaf Pierzak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Maciej Wojdyn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (R.J.); (J.J.); (A.P.); (B.S.); (O.P.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Szmyd B, Sołek J, Błaszczyk M, Jankowski J, Liberski PP, Jaskólski DJ, Wysiadecki G, Karuga FF, Gabryelska A, Sochal M, Tubbs RS, Radek M. The Underlying Pathogenesis of Neurovascular Compression Syndromes: A Systematic Review. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:923089. [PMID: 35860499 PMCID: PMC9289473 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.923089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular compression syndromes (NVC) are challenging disorders resulting from the compression of cranial nerves at the root entry/exit zone. Clinically, we can distinguish the following NVC conditions: trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Also, rare cases of geniculate neuralgia and superior laryngeal neuralgia are reported. Other syndromes, e.g., disabling positional vertigo, arterial hypertension in the course of NVC at the CN IX-X REZ and torticollis, have insufficient clinical evidence for microvascular decompression. The exact pathomechanism leading to characteristic NVC-related symptoms remains unclear. Proposed etiologies have limited explanatory scope. Therefore, we have examined the underlying pathomechanisms stated in the medical literature. To achieve our goal, we systematically reviewed original English language papers available in Pubmed and Web of Science databases before 2 October 2021. We obtained 1694 papers after eliminating duplicates. Only 357 original papers potentially pertaining to the pathogenesis of NVC were enrolled in full-text assessment for eligibility. Of these, 63 were included in the final analysis. The systematic review suggests that the anatomical and/or hemodynamical changes described are insufficient to account for NVC-related symptoms by themselves. They must coexist with additional changes such as factors associated with the affected nerve (e.g., demyelination, REZ modeling, vasculature pathology), nucleus hyperexcitability, white and/or gray matter changes in the brain, or disturbances in ion channels. Moreover, the effects of inflammatory background, altered proteome, and biochemical parameters on symptomatic NVC cannot be ignored. Further studies are needed to gain better insight into NVC pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Sołek
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł P. Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dariusz J. Jaskólski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip F. Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Maciej Radek
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13
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Szmyd B, Jekimov R, Wysiadecki G, Jabbar R, Radek M. Clinical image of short saphenous varicose vein mimicking neuroma. Pol Arch Intern Med 2022; 132. [PMID: 35147381 DOI: 10.20452/pamw.16215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Ruslan Jekimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Redwan Jabbar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Żytkowski A, Clarke E, Olszewska A, Mazurek A, Dubrowski A, Radek M. Early bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery – A case report with commentaries on the clinical significance. Translational Research in Anatomy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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15
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Zytkowski ˙ A, Skrzat J, Mazurek A, Majos A, Radek M, Gładysz T, Clarke E, Wysiadecki G. Corrigendum to <’ Clinical relevance of the caroticoclinoid foramen – A case report and concise literature review’ >. Translational Research in Anatomy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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16
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Clarke E, Mazurek A, Radek M, Zytkowski ˙ A, Twardokęs W, Polguj M, Wysiadecki G. Corrigendum to <’ Superficial brachial artery – A case report with commentaries on the classification’ >. Translational Research in Anatomy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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17
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Clarke E, Mazurek A, Radek M, Żytkowski A, Twardokęs W, Polguj M, Wysiadecki G. Corrigendum to ‘Superficial brachial artery – A case report with commentaries on the classification’ [Transl. Res. Anat. 23C (2021) 100112]. Translational Research in Anatomy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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18
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Kopec M, Błaszczyk M, Radek M, Abramczyk H. Raman imaging and statistical methods for analysis various type of human brain tumors and breast cancers. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 262:120091. [PMID: 34175760 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic methods provide information on the spatial localization of biochemical components based on the analysis of vibrational spectra. Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging can be used to analyze various types of human brain tumors and breast cancers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the Raman biomarkers to distinguish tumor types by Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging. We have demonstrated that bands characteristic for carotenoids (1156 cm-1, 1520 cm-1), proteins (1004 cm-1), fatty acids (1444 cm-1, 1655 cm-1) and cytochrome (1585 cm-1) can be used as universal biomarkers to assess aggressiveness of human brain tumors. The sensitivity and specificity obtained from PLS-DA have been over 73%. Only for gliosarcoma WHO IV the specificity is lower and takes equal 50%. The presented results confirm clinical potential of Raman spectroscopy in oncological diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kopec
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
| | - M Błaszczyk
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Zeromskiego 113, 91-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Zeromskiego 113, 91-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - H Abramczyk
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
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Pawełczyk A, Łojek E, Radek M, Pawełczyk T. Prosodic deficits and interpersonal difficulties in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2021; 306:114244. [PMID: 34673310 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the use of receptive emotional and linguistic prosody in patients with schizophrenia; particularly, its aim was to evaluate the type and number of errors made when comprehending the emotions and modes implied by meaningless utterances. Seventy-eight participants were enrolled to the study, i.e. two groups (patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls) consisting of 39 subjects. The severity of illness was evaluated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; comprehension of emotional and linguistic prosody was assessed by the subtests of the Polish Version of the Right Hemisphere Language Battery. Neither emotional nor linguistic prosody comprehension both correlated with schizophrenia symptoms. The study group experienced more difficulties in distinguishing between happiness and anger, and were more likely to misunderstand imperative utterances, confusing them with interrogative or affirmative ones. Such impairments are significant as they may affect the ability to form and sustain relationships with other people, achieve success in the work environment, and integrate in the community. They may also be a trait mark of the illness independent of psychotic symptoms. Further research is needed to translate this knowledge into meaningful and therapeutic interventions to improve quality of life, both for affected individuals and for their communication partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Surgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, Poland.
| | - Emila Łojek
- Chair of Neuropsychology and Psychotherapy, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Surgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pawełczyk
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
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20
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Żytkowski A, Skrzat J, Mazurek A, Majos A, Radek M, Gładysz T, Clarke E, Wysiadecki G. Clinical relevance of the caroticoclinoid foramen – A case report and concise literature review. Translational Research in Anatomy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2021.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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21
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Podlewski S, Gołębiowska N, Radek M. Evaluation of changes in cervical sagittal balance and clinical parameters in patients undergoing two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2021; 30:1007-1012. [PMID: 34595850 DOI: 10.17219/acem/137849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is an effective method in treating cervical sagittal imbalance and spine deformations. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to assess whether changes of the Cobb angle, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and T1 slope parameters affect the outcomes of surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study was performed in 30 patients qualified for surgical treatment for cervical degenerative disc disease. The ACDF was performed on 2 levels. Every patient underwent an X-ray examination before surgery and 3 months after the procedure. The following parameters were assessed: the T1 slope, the angle of cervical lordosis, the SVA distance, quality of life assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and perceived pain measurement assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). RESULTS The cervical lordosis angle significantly changed (p < 0.01) to an average of 11.52°. The SVA C2-C7 distance significantly decreased (p < 0.001) to an average of 21.06 mm. The value of the T1 slope angle did not change significantly before and after surgery (p = 0.706). After surgery, statistically significant improvement was achieved on the NDI scale for neck pain (p < 0.001) to an average of 9. The NDI score significantly decreased over time (p < 0.001), and this change was significantly related to the increased Cobb angle (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Improvement in cervical lordosis C2-C7 can improve the outcomes of surgical treatment. Preoperative analysis of X-rays and sagittal balance parameters may be beneficial for treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Podlewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Regional Hospital, Kielce, Poland
| | - Natalia Gołębiowska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Regional Hospital, Kielce, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Surgery and Peripheral Nerves, University Clinical Hospital Military Medical Academy - Central Veterans Hospital, Łódź, Poland
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22
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Walczak A, Radek M, Majsterek I. The Role of ER Stress-Related Phenomena in the Biology of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179405. [PMID: 34502310 PMCID: PMC8430526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare but one of the most aggressive types of cancer. Currently, there are no effective chemotherapy strategies for these malignancies. The inactivation of the neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) gene, followed by loss of TP53, is an early stage in MPNST carcinogenesis. NF1 is a negative regulator of the Ras proteins family, which are key factors in regulating cell growth, homeostasis and survival. Cell cycle dysregulation induces a stress phenotype, such as proteotoxic stress, metabolic stress, and oxidative stress, which should result in cell death. However, in the case of neoplastic cells, we observe not only the avoidance of apoptosis, but also the impact of stress factors on the treatment effectiveness. This review focuses on the pathomechanisms underlying MPNST cells physiology, and discusses the possible ways to develop a successful treatment based on the molecular background of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Walczak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Clarke E, Mazurek A, Radek M, Żytkowski A, Twardokęs W, Polguj M, Wysiadecki G. Superficial brachial artery – A case report with commentaries on the classification. Translational Research in Anatomy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2021.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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24
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Wysiadecki G, Radek M, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J, Walocha J, Brzeziński P, Polguj M. Gross and Micro-Anatomical Study of the Cavernous Segment of the Abducens Nerve and Its Relationships to Internal Carotid Plexus: Application to Skull Base Surgery. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050649. [PMID: 34065668 PMCID: PMC8156379 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to provide detailed observations on the cavernous segment of the abducens nerve (AN), emphasizing anatomical variations and the relationships between the nerve and the internal carotid plexus. A total of 60 sides underwent gross-anatomical study. Five specimens of the AN were stained using Sihler’s method. An additional five specimens were subjected to histological examination. Four types of AN course were observed: a single nerve along its entire course, duplication of the nerve, division into separate rootlets at the point of contact with the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery (ICA), and early-branching before entering the orbit. Due to the relationships between the ICA and internal carotid plexus, the cavernous segment of the AN can be subdivided into a carotid portion located at the point of contact with the posterior vertical segment of the cavernous ICA and a prefissural portion. The carotid portion of the cavernous AN segment is a place of angulation, where the nerve always directly adheres to the ICA. The prefissural portion of the AN, in turn, is the primary site of fiber exchange between the internal carotid plexus and either the AN or the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, 90-549 Łódź, Poland;
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (R.S.T.); (J.I.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, Grenada FZ 818, West Indies
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (R.S.T.); (J.I.)
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Jerzy Walocha
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 33-332 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Piotr Brzeziński
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Michał Polguj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
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Jankowski J, Pawełczyk A, Radek M. Thoracic osteophyte as a cause of symptomatic greater splanchnic nerve compression. Case report. Neurochirurgie 2021; 68:232-234. [PMID: 33771615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic osteophytes are a common feature of degenerative spine disease. However, it is rare that osteophytes overgrowth on the anterior surface of thoracic spine results in the compression of vital structures and causes symptoms. A 39-year old man with a two-year history of thoracic and upper abdominal pain was admitted to the neurosurgery ward after having been seen by several specialists. Thoracic spine MRI and CT scans were analyzed. Osteophytes were identified on the anterolateral right side at level T8-T9 and were indicated as a possible cause of the symptoms. After obtaining patient consent, surgery was performed with transthoracic access to the anterolateral surface of the spine. Intraoperatively, the greater splanchnic nerve was released by osteophyte removal. The patient reported improvement of the preoperative symptoms at the six-month and two-year follow-up visit. Postoperative MRI indicated complete osteophyte excision. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of symptomatic sympathetic trunk branch compression by thoracic osteophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland.
| | - A Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
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Błaszczyk M, Jabbar R, Szmyd B, Radek M. 3D Printing of Rapid, Low-Cost and Patient-Specific Models of Brain Vasculature for Use in Preoperative Planning in Clipping of Intracranial Aneurysms. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061201. [PMID: 33805774 PMCID: PMC8000886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a practical and cost-effective method of production of a 3D-printed model of the arterial Circle of Willis of patients treated because of an intracranial aneurysm. We present and explain the steps necessary to produce a 3D model from medical image data, and express the significant value such models have in patient-specific pre-operative planning as well as education. A Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) viewer is used to create 3D visualization from a patient’s Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) images. After generating the reconstruction, we manually remove the anatomical components that we wish to exclude from the print by utilizing tools provided with the imaging software. We then export this 3D reconstructions file into a Standard Triangulation Language (STL) file which is then run through a “Slicer” software to generate a G-code file for the printer. After the print is complete, the supports created during the printing process are removed manually. The 3D-printed models we created were of good accuracy and scale. The median production time used for the models described in this manuscript was 4.4 h (range: 3.9–4.5 h). Models were evaluated by neurosurgical teams at local hospital for quality and practicality for use in urgent and non-urgent care. We hope we have provided readers adequate insight into the equipment and software they would require to quickly produce their own accurate and cost-effective 3D models from CT angiography images. It has become quite clear to us that the cost-benefit ratio in the production of such a simplified model is worthwhile.
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Clarke E, Skrzat J, Mazur M, Musiał A, Sienkiewicz J, Radek M, Polguj M, Wysiadecki G. Anatomical variations of the superficial ulnar artery: case series observed on historical specimens prepared by Ludwik Karol Teichmann. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2021; 81:227-233. [PMID: 33577075 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2021.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this report we present a series of cases representing variant origin and course of the ulnar artery, namely the superficial ulnar artery, observed during the review of collection of historical specimens prepared in the 19th century by the prominent Polish anatomist Ludwik Karol Teichmann and his collaborators, exhibited in the Anatomy Museum of Jagiellonian University Medical College. RESULTS Three distinct variants of the superficial ulnar artery were found on anatomical specimens of the upper limb with arteries injected by using Teichmann's method. In case No. 1, the superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery slightly above the interepicondylar line of the humerus. This aberrant vessel gave off the common interosseous artery in the upper half of the cubital fossa and then ran superficially to the bicipital aponeurosis and over the muscles arising from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. The cases No. 2 and 3 involved two similar variants of the superficial artery in which the common interosseous artery arose from the radial artery. In the unique case No. 4, the superficial ulnar artery arose from the radial artery. CONCLUSIONS The superficial ulnar artery shows diverse anatomy regarding its topography and blood supply territory. Orthopedic, hand, and plastic surgeons should be aware of anatomic variations of the SUA both in planning and in conducting surgeries of the upper limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clarke
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - J Skrzat
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Mazur
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Musiał
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Sienkiewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - M Polguj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - G Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Szmyd B, Bartoszek A, Karuga FF, Staniecka K, Błaszczyk M, Radek M. Medical Students and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Attitude and Behaviors. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020128. [PMID: 33562872 PMCID: PMC7915119 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since physicians play a key role in vaccination, the initial training of medical students (MS) should aim to help shape their attitude in this regard. The beginning of vaccination programs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an excellent time to assess the attitudes held by both medical and non-medical students regarding vaccination. A 51- to 53-item questionnaire including the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale was administered to 1971 students (49.21% male; 34.86% MS); two career-related questions were also addressed to the MS. The majority of surveyed students indicated a desire to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, with more medical than non-medical students planning to get vaccinated (91.99% vs. 59.42%). The most common concern about SARS-CoV-2 infection was the risk of passing on the disease to elderly relatives. While conspiracy theories regarding the COVID-19 vaccine are less popular among MS, both groups indicated concerns that vaccines may cause autism is equally common (~5%). Further studies exploring social attitudes towards the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine are a necessary first step to optimizing vaccination programs and achieving herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Adrian Bartoszek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Łódz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Staniecka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery of Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (B.S.); (F.F.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
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Wojdyn M, Pierzak O, Zapałowicz K, Radek M. Use of O-arm with neuronavigation in percutaneous vertebroplasty reduces the surgeon's exposure to intraoperative radiation. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:113-119. [PMID: 33488863 PMCID: PMC7811320 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Percutaneous vertebroplasty is commonly used to treat spinal fractures. The authors compare radiation exposure as potential risk for the surgical team during vertebroplasty guided by O-arm combined with neuronavigation versus vertebroplasty guided by C-arm fluoroscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS The clinical material consisted of a group of 29 patients (44 vertebrae) with fractures of the thoracolumbar spine treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty guided by O-arm with neuronavigation. In this new method, the operating room staff leaves the operating room for the duration of the 3D scan of the appropriate spine section using the O-arm. In the next stage, the needle of the vertebroplasty system is introduced using only neuronavigation without the need for a radiological view. Finally, the cement injection was made under O-arm fluoroscopic control. The comparison group consisted of a group of 35 patients (40 vertebrae) treated with the classical method using C-arm fluoroscopy. The two methods were compared in terms of the average dose of emitted ionizing radiation through the device (O-arm vs. C-arm) to which surgeons are exposed during percutaneous vertebroplasty. RESULTS As a result of vertebroplasty procedures guided by neuronavigation, a statistically significant difference between the values of mean dose of radiation emitted by O-arm and C-arm systems was noted. The O-arm emitted 912 cGy/cm2 vs. 1722 cGy/cm2 emitted by the C-arm during fluoroscopically assisted procedures and 601.28 cGy/cm2 vs. 1506.86 cGy/cm2 per vertebrae. CONCLUSIONS During vertebroplasty with the O-arm combined with neuronavigation the radiation dose is significantly lower as compared with the C-arm used for fluoroscopic guidance, minimizing the potential risk of radiation exposure to surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Wojdyn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Lodz, Poland
| | - Olaf Pierzak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zapałowicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Prof. Gibiński Central Clinical Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Lodz, Poland
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Clarke E, Tubbs RS, Radek M, Haładaj R, Tomaszewski M, Wysiadecki G. Unusual formation of the musculocutaneous and median nerves: a case report refined by intraneural dissection and literature review. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:1020-1026. [PMID: 33084011 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This report presents a detailed anatomical investigation of an upper limb specimen showing an atypical formation of the musculocutaneous (MCN) and median (MN) nerves. The study was refined by intraneural dissection, which supplements earlier descriptions of similar anatomical variations and allows for revision of the accepted classification. The case described in this report was an incidental finding during routine dissection of a fixed isolated upper limb. Intraneural dissection revealed partial fusion between the MCN and aberrant bundles of the MN. Those aberrant bundles joined the main steam of the MN at the level at which the MCN branched off as an independent nerve. The procedure allowed the aberrant fibers of the MN to be differentiated from the MCN. The presence of separate bundles in a territory corresponding to the MCN was confirmed, although those bundles and the aberrant MN bundles were covered by a common epineurium. The aberrant MN bundles running within the MCN did not contribute to innervation of the forearm muscles. They rejoined the main nerve trunk in the arm. A comprehensive understanding of the diverse anatomical variations of the upper limb nerves could be crucial for the safety and success of surgical procedures, especially procedures for reconstructing the brachial plexus or its branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clarke
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - R S Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA, United States.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - R Haładaj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - M Tomaszewski
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - G Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Karolova J, Radek M, Helman K, Spacek M, Trneny M, Klener P. PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression in Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Healthy Population. Folia Biol (Praha) 2020; 66:117-122. [PMID: 33745258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 immune checkpoints on B and T cells obtained from patients with mantle cell lymphoma shows ambiguous results across many studies and creates obstacles for the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors into the therapy of mantle cell lymphoma. Using multiparameter flow cytometry we analysed surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 molecules on B and T cells of 31 newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphomas and compared it with the results of 26 newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukaemias and 20 healthy volunteers. To gain insight into the age-dependent changes of surface expression of these immune checkpoints, flow cytometric subanalysis of 30 healthy volunteers of 25-93 years of age was conducted. Overall, we demonstrated weak surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 on B and T cells of mantle cell lymphoma patients (< 10 % when compared to healthy individuals). A significant age-dependent increase in the expression of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L2 was observed in healthy volunteers. Our results suggest that neither PD-1 nor its ligands represent relevant druggable targets for the therapy of mantle cell lymphoma. The observed age-dependent changes in healthy population could impact efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors and could be at least partly connected with increased incidence of cancer with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Karolova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Radek
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Helman
- Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Spacek
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Trneny
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Klener
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Toma M, Witusik-Perkowska M, Szwed M, Stawski R, Szemraj J, Drzewiecka M, Nieborowska-Skorska M, Radek M, Kolasa P, Matlawska-Wasowska K, Sliwinski T, Skorski T. Eradication of LIG4-deficient glioblastoma cells by the combination of PARP inhibitor and alkylating agent. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36867-36877. [PMID: 30627327 PMCID: PMC6305145 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often accumulate spontaneous and treatment-induced DNA damage i.e. potentially lethal DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Targeting DSB repair mechanisms with specific inhibitors could potentially sensitize cancer cells to the toxic effect of DSBs. Current treatment for glioblastoma includes tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and/or temozolomide (TMZ) - an alkylating agent inducing DNA damage. We hypothesize that combination of PARP inhibitor (PARPi) with TMZ in glioblastoma cells displaying downregulation of DSB repair genes could trigger synthetic lethality. In our study, we observed that PARP inhibitor (BMN673) was able to specifically sensitize DNA ligase 4 (LIG4)-deprived glioblastoma cells to TMZ while normal astrocytes were not affected. LIG4 downregulation resulting in low effectiveness of DNA-PK-mediated non-homologous end-joining (D-NHEJ), which in combination with BMN673 and TMZ resulted in accumulation of lethal DSBs and specific eradication of glioblastoma cells. Restoration of the LIG4 expression caused loss of sensitivity to BMN673+TMZ. In conclusion, PARP inhibitor combined with DNA damage inducing agents can be utilized in patients with glioblastoma displaying defects in D-NHEJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Toma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Marzena Szwed
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Robert Stawski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Drzewiecka
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Margaret Nieborowska-Skorska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pawel Kolasa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
- Social Sciences Academy in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Division of Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Tomasz Sliwinski
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zapałowicz K, Radek M. The distribution of brachial plexus lesions after experimental traction: a cadaveric study. J Neurosurg Spine 2018; 29:704-710. [DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.spine171148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEThe objective of the present study was to determine experimentally the distribution of lesions caused in the cadaveric brachial plexus (BP) by excessive stretching. The authors attempted to delineate the correlation between the direction of stretching and sites of lesions.METHODSFifteen specimens (each comprised the spinal segment C4–T2 with 2 BPs) were harvested from adult cadavers. Each BP was stretched in a mechanical testing machine at a constant speed of 200 mm/min. Specimens were divided into 3 groups: in group A the BPs were stretched caudally at a 45° angle to the spinal midline; in group B they were stretched perpendicularly to the spinal midline; and in group C the stretching was caudally parallel to the midline. Lesions of each BP were identified and analyzed. A graph of load against dislocation was registered when stretching to delineate the maximal force (Fmax), defined as the maximum load at which BP failure occurs.RESULTSBased on macroscopic examination, 140 sites of mechanical damage were identified in 30 BPs. Preganglionic injuries (63.6% of lesions), defined as avulsions of the spinal ganglia with their rootlets, were found in 89 spinal nerves. In group B—in which specimens were stretched perpendicularly to the spinal segment—preganglionic injuries were significantly more frequent (41 avulsed spinal nerves) than in groups A and C (21 and 27 avulsed spinal nerves, respectively). Postganglionic lesions equivalent to neurotmesis were found in 51 sites (36.4% of all lesions) along spinal nerves, trunks, divisions, and cords. Postganglionic lesions in group B were much less frequent (8) as compared with groups A and C (24 and 19, respectively).CONCLUSIONSPredominance of preganglionic lesions suggests that attachments of the BP to the spine are more susceptible to traction than postganglionic elements. Preganglionic lesions were mainly produced in C7, C8, and T1 spinal nerves, suggesting their weaker attachment to the spine than in the case of C5 and C6 nerves. Preganglionic lesions were highly correlated with a traction perpendicular to the spine, whereas postganglionic lesions were provoked mainly by traction directed at 45° caudally or by means of caudal traction parallel to the midline. This discrepancy implies a relationship between mechanical resistance of pre- and postganglionic elements of the BP and the vector of force.
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Tryniszewski W, Raciborska I, Maziarz Z, Nowak M, Radek M. MULTIDIRECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF BONE STRUCTURE INCLUDING RADIOISOTOPIC ANALYSIS IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2018; 14:439-446. [PMID: 31149294 PMCID: PMC6516422 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In postmenopausal period, changes in bone turnover markers (BTM), vitamin D3, cytokines and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are frequently observed. The study was to assess bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism index (IBM) in the perimenopausal women. DESIGN YEARS 2013-2014. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and thirteen women were divided into four groups: group I (35 not menstruating 50 - 60 years old with osteoporosis), II (23 not menstruating 50 - 60 years old without osteoporosis), III (30 menstruating 40 - 49 years old with osteoporosis), IV (25 menstruating 40 - 49 years old without osteoporosis). The following parameters were measured: IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, hormone oestradiol (E2), PTH, FSH, TSH, calcium (Ca2+), phosphates (P), alkaline phosphatase (bALP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen alpha 1 chain (α1CTX), osteocalcin (OC), BMD, IBM. RESULTS IBM and BMD were significantly lower in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. The concentration of OC, CTX, 25OH D3 and PTH levels differed significantly between group I vs. II, group I vs. III and group II vs. IV. CONCLUSIONS The levels of BTM, D3, PTH differed significantly between groups. This study demonstrated that bone metabolism depended mainly on processes related with menopause state and changes in D3, PTH and cytokines levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Tryniszewski
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - I. Raciborska
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - Z. Maziarz
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Nowak
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Radek
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Lodz, Poland
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Pawlikowski Łódź M, Jaranowska M, Fryczak J, Radek M, Świętosławski J, Kunert-Radek J, Winczyk K. Blood serum concentrations of gonadotropins and α-subunit in patients with gonadotropinomas in relation to the immunoreactivity of pituitary adenoma. Endokrynol Pol 2018; 69:526-529. [PMID: 30074232 DOI: 10.5603/ep.a2018.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although active gonadotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered very rare, the vast majority of pituitary tumours diagnosed as "non-functioning" express gonadotropins or their free β or α subunits. However, systemic investigations comparing the serum concentrations of follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), and α-subunit (αSU) before surgery with the immunoreactivity of the respective substances in the excised tumours are still lacking. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunostaining of FSH, LH, and αSU was compared in 43 surgically removed gonadotropin - expressing pitu-itary adenomas with serum concentrations of the above-mentioned substances before surgery in the same patients. RESULTS The serum concentrations of FSH were elevated (> 11.6 mU/mL) in 8/12 (66.7%) cases of FSH-positive adenomas. By contrast, in FSH-negative tumours the elevation of FSH is absent. Moreover, only 1/25 (4%) patients with LH-positive adenoma had the elevated serum concentration of LH (51.5 mU/mL). The overproduction of LH was not observed in adenomas expressing free β LH or in LH-negative tumours. In patients with αSU-positive adenomas elevated serum levels of αSU were observed in 3/15 (20%) cases. No αSU elevations were observed in patients with αSU-negative adenomas. The mean serum FSH, LH, and αSU concentrations were higher in patients with FSH, LH, and/or αSU immunopositive tumours in comparison with immunonegative. However, the differences are not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Although "silent" gonadotropinomas constitute a frequent subtype of pituitary adenomas, the "active" subtype (i.e. manifesting by gonadotropin excess) are rare (approx. 4% of all pituitary adenomas). Gonadotropinomas are difficult to diagnose before surgery. The measurement of gonadotropins including αSU is needed but often not sufficient for presurgical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pawlikowski Łódź
- Department of Immunoendocrinology. Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Sterling Str. 1/3, 91-425 Lodż, Poland.
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Kirschbaum J, Teuber T, Donner A, Radek M, Bougeard D, Böttger R, Hansen JL, Larsen AN, Posselt M, Bracht H. Self-Diffusion in Amorphous Silicon by Local Bond Rearrangements. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:225902. [PMID: 29906135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.225902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on self-diffusion in amorphous silicon (Si) were performed at temperatures between 460 to 600° C. The amorphous structure was prepared by Si ion implantation of single crystalline Si isotope multilayers epitaxially grown on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. The Si isotope profiles before and after annealing were determined by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. Isothermal diffusion experiments reveal that structural relaxation does not cause any significant intermixing of the isotope interfaces whereas self-diffusion is significant before the structure recrystallizes. The temperature dependence of self-diffusion is described by an Arrhenius law with an activation enthalpy Q=(2.70±0.11) eV and preexponential factor D_{0}=(5.5_{-3.7}^{+11.1})×10^{-2} cm^{2} s^{-1}. Remarkably, Q equals the activation enthalpy of hydrogen diffusion in amorphous Si, the migration of bond defects determining boron diffusion, and the activation enthalpy of solid phase epitaxial recrystallization reported in the literature. This close agreement provides strong evidence that self-diffusion is mediated by local bond rearrangements rather than by the migration of extended defects as suggested by Strauß et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 025901 (2016)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.116.025901).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirschbaum
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Teuber
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Donner
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Radek
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Bougeard
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - R Böttger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Lundsgaard Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Nylandsted Larsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Posselt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - H Bracht
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Radek M, Tenberge JG, Hilke S, Wilde G, Peterlechner M. STEMcl-A multi-GPU multislice algorithm for simulation of large structure and imaging parameter series. Ultramicroscopy 2018. [PMID: 29529556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electron microscopy images are interference patterns and can generally not be interpreted in a straight forward manner. Typically, time consuming numerical simulations have to be employed to separate specimen features from imaging artifacts. Directly comparing numerical predictions to experimental results, realistic simulation box sizes and varying imaging parameters are needed. In this work, we introduce an accelerated multislice algorithm, named STEMcl, that is capable of simulating series of large super cells typical for defective and amorphous systems, in addition to parameter series using the massive parallelization accessible in today's commercial PC-hardware, e.g. graphics processing units (GPUs). A new numerical approach is used to overcome the memory constraint limiting the maximum computable system size. This approach creates the possibility to study systematically the contrast formation arising by structural differences. STEM simulations of structure series of a crystalline Si and an amorphous CuZr system are presented and the contrast formation of vacancies/voids are studied. The detectability of vacancies/voids in STEM experiments is discussed in terms of density changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radek
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - J-G Tenberge
- Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - S Hilke
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - G Wilde
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - M Peterlechner
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany.
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Tryniszewski W, Kamiński G, Maziarz Z, Nowak M, Gadzicki M, Radek M. The assessment of testosterone and radioisotopic index of bone metabolism and bone mineral density in men with testosterone deficiency after one year of testosterone therapy. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur 2018; 21:14-19. [PMID: 29319133 DOI: 10.5603/nmr.a2018.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone deficiency in men is characterized by typical symptoms of hypogonadism and negative influence on the preservation of bone mass. In this study, we analysed the relationship between testosterone concentration and bone metabolism. Moreover, we assessed the impact of one-year compensation of testosterone deficiency in elderly men on bone metabolism and bone mineral density. Radioisotopic methods of bone metabolism assessment provide new research opportunities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men with total testosterone concentration (TT) ≤ 3 ng/ml were included into this study. Patients with disorders or injuries of bone system, elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), enlarged prostate, disorders of thyroid and liver, diabetes mellitus or a history of chemotherapy as well as those treated for a long time with antibiotics were excluded from this study. The results of 50 men aged 57.52 ± 6.71 years obtained before the treatment (I test) and after one year of oral testosterone supplementation (test II) were analysed in this study. The following examinations and analyses were performed: interview and physical examination, orthopaedic, neurological and urological consultations, blood biochemistry, determination of hormones levels, assessment of Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome (TDS), densitometric and radioisotope assessment of bone metabolism. Moreover, radioisotopic index of bone metabolism was calculated. Testosterone therapy with oral preparation Undestor Testo Caps (Organon) containing 40 mg of testosterone lasted for 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 12 and Excel 2010 programs. Correlations between results before and after treatment were analysed. RESULTS After 12 months of treatment, testosterone concentration increased by mean 78% and the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) decreased by 62%. TDS index increased from 0.53 ± 0.21 (in test I) to 1.91 ± 0.60 (in test II). After the therapy this index was significantly higher in all men (p < 0.0001). Moreover, BMD was also improved following therapy, however, the difference between test I and II was statistically insignificant. The greatest change was found in case of IBM (Index of Bone Metabolism). We observed a positive correlation between IBM and BMD before treatment (r = 0.7991), however, its strength decreased after one-year therapy (r = 0.6757). CONCLUSIONS In our opinion, IBM is more sensitive than other methods of the assessment of changes occurring in bone system under the influence of testosterone therapy. The observed changes in IBM were proportional to changes in testosterone concentration. Testosterone level, TDS and radioisotopic assessment of bone metabolism may be used as prognostic and therapeutic factors of osteoporosis and bone fractures in elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieslaw Tryniszewski
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Zeromskiego Street, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
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Radek M, Radek A, Rysz J, Maziarz Z, Gadzicki M, Tryniszewski W. Radioisotopic assessment of bone metabolism of the operated vertebra after inter-process stabilizer implantation in the lumbar segment of the spine. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:174-182. [PMID: 28144269 PMCID: PMC5206375 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.64718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lack of efficacy of pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy in spinal pain syndrome is an indication for intervertebral stabilizer implantation between the processes in the lumbar segment of the spine. MATERIAL AND METHODS The group consisted of 32 patients qualified after radioisotopic single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) examinations with assessment of bone metabolism and mineral density. For comparative purposes, the L2 vertebra was defined as normal. Parameters defined in the area of operated vertebrae were comparable to L2. Imaging examinations and a pain intensity test were performed before and 12 months after the procedure. RESULTS In SPECT, osteotropic isotope (OI) activity in spinous bodies and processes was close to L2 values. Density assessed in CT of analysed vertebrae was close to L2. In the control examination, activity of OI in spinous bodies and processes was higher in the procedure area. Under the stabilizer, there was a strong positive correlation with the L2 parameters. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.0002). The increase of OI activity in the elements above the stabilizer was variable. In the control examination, there was higher density of spinous processes and bodies above and under the stabilizer. The difference, compared to the L2 density, was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The radioisotopic method with SPECT/CT allows for the precise assessment of bone metabolism in the spine. After the procedure, a negative correlation was observed between bone metabolism changes and pain intensity test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Maziarz
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gadzicki
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wiesław Tryniszewski
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Sitarek P, Skała E, Toma M, Wielanek M, Szemraj J, Skorski T, Białas AJ, Sakowicz T, Kowalczyk T, Radek M, Wysokińska H, Śliwiński T. Transformed Root Extract of Leonurus sibiricus Induces Apoptosis through Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways in Various Grades of Human Glioma Cells. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 23:679-687. [PMID: 28032310 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study determines the influence of transformed root (TR) extract of Leonurus sibiricus L. on various grades (I-III) of human glioma cells derived from patients. This plant occurs in southern Asia and Siberia and is widely used as a medicinal plant with various biological activities. Chromatographic profile of TR extract have revealed the presence of various polyphenolic compounds (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, vanilic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, α-resorcylic acid). We found TR root extract to have antiproliferative activity on glioma cells after 24 h of treatment. TR root extract induces apoptosis on various grades (I-III) of human glioma cells by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle, and altered mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, Cas-3, Cas-8 and Cas-9 factors involved in apoptosis. This work for the first time demonstrate that TR extract from L. sibiricus root has the potential to activate apoptosis in grade I-III human glioma cells through the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-151, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Ewa Skała
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-151, Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Toma
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Marzena Wielanek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Fels Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam J Białas
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sakowicz
- Department of Genetics and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Genetics and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Halina Wysokińska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-151, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Pawlikowski M, Radek M, Jaranowska M, Kunert-Radek J, Swietoslawski J, Winczyk K. Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptors in pituitary adenomas - a marker of tumour aggressiveness? Endokrynol Pol 2016; 65:469-71. [PMID: 25554615 DOI: 10.5603/ep.2014.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In our earlier study, we found that pituitary adenomas, like other human tumours, express ectopically follicle stimulating hormone receptors (FSHR) in intratumoural blood vessels endothelia and/or tumoural cells. The aim of the present paper was to provide more detailed data on FSHR expression in different subtypes of pituitary adenomas and to evaluate its possible role as a prognostic and/ or predictive biomarker in these tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty two pituitary adenomas, surgically removed, were immunostained with antibodies against the pituitary hormones, antigen Ki-67 and 1-190 fragment of FSHR. RESULTS The positive FSHR immunostaining was found in blood vessels endothelia of 88% of adenomas and in tumoural cells of 40% adenomas. In tumoural cells, the incidence of at least moderate FSHR immunostaining is significantly higher in invasive tumours (68%) compared to non-invasive (12%) ones, and higher (albeit not statistically significantly) in invasive-proliferating adenomas (Ki-67 > 3%, grade 2b) compared to invasive but non-proliferating (Ki-67 < 3%, grade 2a) ones. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms that pituitary adenomas ectopically express FSHR in intratumoural blood vessels endothelia and tumoural cells. Moreover, the expression in tumoural cells is prevalent in invasive and proliferating adenomas vs. non-invasive and non-proliferating tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pawlikowski
- Department of Immunoendocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Pawlikowski M, Radek M, Kunert-Radek J, Jaranowska M, Świętosławski J, Winczyk K. Overexpression of prothymosin alpha is related to pituitary adenoma recurrence but not to adenoma invasiveness and proliferation. Endokrynol Pol 2016; 65:382-6. [PMID: 25301489 DOI: 10.5603/ep.2014.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) is a peptide initially considered as a thymic hormone, but further studies have shown its wide distribution in different tissues and organs. It has a prevalent nuclear localisation and is thought to be involved in the control of proliferation and apoptosis. In earlier studies, the overexpression of ProTα was found in several human tumours, including pituitary adenomas. The present study deals with the relations of ProTα to the pituitary adenoma hormonal phenotype, proliferation, recurrence and invasiveness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty two pituitary adenomas were included in the study. The invasiveness of the tumours was estimated before surgery by means of magnetic resonance imaging. The paraffin sections of the tumours were immunostained with an antibody against the C-terminal fragment (101-109) of ProTα and with anti-Ki-67 antibody. The hormonal phenotype of the investigated pituitary adenomas had been established previously by means of immunostaining with antibodies to pituitary hormones (GH, PRL, FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH and α-subunit). RESULTS Strong immunostaining with anti-ProTα antibody occurred in the subpopulation of cell nuclei and the walls of intratumoural blood vessels. ProTα index is higher in clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPA) compared to any type of functioning adenomas. There was no difference in the percentage of ProTα- positive cell nuclei in non-invasive vs. invasive adenomas, but it was significantly more frequent in recurrent than in primary tumours. Moreover, the decrease of ProTα index was found in somatotroph tumours treated with somatostatin analogues vs. untreated ones. The percentage of ProTα nuclei did not correlate with Ki-67 index. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of nuclear ProTα in pituitary adenomas is related to tumour recurrence, but not to proliferation or invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pawlikowski
- Department of Immunoendocrinology, 1st Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz.
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Skała E, Sitarek P, Toma M, Szemraj J, Radek M, Nieborowska-Skorska M, Skorski T, Wysokińska H, Śliwiński T. Inhibition of human glioma cell proliferation by altered Bax/Bcl-2-p53 expression and apoptosis induction by Rhaponticum carthamoides extracts from transformed and normal roots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1454-1464. [PMID: 27696406 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect and apoptotic activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed root (TR) and root of soil-grown plant (NR) extracts in a human glioma primary cells. The effect of these root extracts on cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2, Bax and p53) were also examined. METHODS Cytotoxic activity of root extracts was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Expression levels of apoptosis-related gene were analysed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ΔΨm was examined by the use of JC-1 reagent. KEY FINDINGS Rhaponticum carthamoides root extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in human glioma cells. The root extracts were found to up-regulate the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and down-regulate the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, consequently increasing the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 protein levels. Moreover, an increase of the p53 protein level and reduction of ΔΨm in glioma cells were observed after treatment with NR and TR extracts. CONCLUSION The results of this study may offer a new insight into the potential anticancer activity of R. carthamoides root extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Skała
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Toma
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Nieborowska-Skorska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Halina Wysokińska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
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Pawlikowski M, Pisarek H, Jaranowska M, Radek M, Winczyk K, Kunert-Radek J. "Silent" thyrotropin (TSH) expression in acromegaly and clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67:515-518. [PMID: 27403655 DOI: 10.5603/ep.a2016.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pituitary adenomas secreting thyrotropin (TSH) are considered the rarest type of hormonally active pituitary tumour. In spite of that, many cases are described in the literature. On the other hand, the observations of the co-expression of TSH with other pituitary hormones (mostly with growth hormone [GH]) and "silent" expression of TSH in clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPA) are rather scarce. MATERIAL AND METHODS Among 93 examined pituitary adenomas, 22 of them were diagnosed as active acromegaly and 71 as clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPA). All of them were immunostained with antibodies against pituitary hormones, including the anti-TSH antibody. TSH-immunopositive adenomas are immunostained also to detect somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR 1-5). RESULTS TSH immunopositivity was found in 4.2% of CNFPA (3/71 tumours) and in 13.6% (3/22) cases of somatotropinomas manifesting as active acromegaly. All of the examined TSH-immunopositive adenomas expressed SSTR subtypes except SSTR4. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism were not observed in any of the acromegalic patients co-expressing TSH with GH. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the relative rarity of TSH expression or co-expression of TSH in pituitary tumours. In most cases TSH is co-expressed with GH in patients with acromegaly and is not accompanied by hyperthyroidism. The "silent" expression of TSH may occur also, although rarely in CNFPA. The strong expression of SSTR in TSH-immunopositive CNFPA ("silent thyrotropinoma") indicates the possibility of the treatment of these tumours with somatostatin analogues. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (5): 515-518).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pawlikowski
- Department of Immunoendocrinology. Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz.
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Zawada NB, Kunert-Radek J, Pawlikowski M, Pisarek H, Radek M. An evaluation of the effects of somatostatin analogue therapy in non-functioning pituitary adenomas in comparison to acromegaly. Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67:292-8. [PMID: 27345147 DOI: 10.5603/ep.a2016.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) are often diagnosed late as invasive macroadenomas. The surgical resection is usually incomplete and about 50% of patients require additional surgery. Recent data suggest that somatostatin analogues (SSA), so important in the pharmacotherapy of acromegaly, can also be effective in the management of NFPA. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analysed data of patients who had been treated up to 10 years previously with SSA: 40 with acromegaly (23 - primary, 17 - recurrent tumours) and 22 with NFPA (4 - primary, 18 - recurrent tumours). Hormonal profile, dynamics of tumour size change, ophthalmic syndromes, somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy, and immunohistochemistry of SSTR subtypes of operated tumours as well as side effects were investigated. RESULTS Biochemical cure of acromegaly was achieved in 57.5% of patients, while reduction of tumour size was observed in 37% of patients and it was more frequent in not-operated cases. Regarding NFPA, stabilisation of tumour size was noticed in 68% of patients. Tumour shrinkage was reported in 9% of cases, but in 23% of the study group the adenoma size increased with indication for reoperation. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of SSA in NFPA is much lower in comparison to their well-established effects in the treatment of acromegaly. Stabilisation of tumour size, which is observed in the majority of NFPA, is significantly more frequent in comparison to the natural history of untreated NFPA and our previous studies as well. Analysis of SSTR subtypes is an argument in favour of introduction of novel broad-spectrum SSA that may be more effective in the treatment of NFPA. Referring to acromegaly, adenoma size decrease was reported more frequently in primary therapy. Considering recurrent tumours better outcomes were achieved in patients who were pre-treated with SSA before planned surgery. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 292-298).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jolanta Kunert-Radek
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Radek M, Grochal M, Tomasik B, Radek A. The antero-lateral approach with corpectomy in the management of the ventral meningioma of the spinal canal. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 50:226-30. [PMID: 27154454 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors present the anterior approach to cervical spine, which enabled complete resection of tumor located in the anterior part of the spinal canal. Considering there are not many reports in the literature, the authors present a case of a meningioma at the level C5-C6 resected with good result through anterolateral approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marek Grochal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Tomasik
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
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Radek M, Tomasik B, Wojdyn M, Snopkowska-Wiaderna D, Błaszczyk M, Radek A. Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF 2) or schwannomatosis?--Case report study and diagnostic criteria. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 50:219-25. [PMID: 27154453 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis are entities that may, due to the similarity of clinical symptoms, cause diagnostic difficulties. Incidence rate of both diseases is similar and estimated between 1:25,000 and 1:40,000. The genes associated with the development of the aforementioned disorders are located on chromosome 22 and lay in proxmity. Schwannomatosis is characterized by an incomplete penetrance and the risk of its transmission to the offspring is significantly lower than in the case of NF 2. Schwannomatosis clinical characteristic is similar to the NF2, however vestibular schwannomas are not present. Therefore the imaging studies evaluated by an experienced radiologist play a key role in the diagnostic process. CASE REPORT Forty two-year-old female hospitalized three times because of the tumors of the spinal canal was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery in 2008 because of the cervical pain syndrome with concomitant headache. She was diagnosed with a schwannomatosis, recently distinguished, the third form of neurofibromatosis. MRI imaging revealed craniocervical junction tumor. Suboccipital craniectomy with concomitant C1-C2 laminectomy was done in order to remove the lesion. After the surgery the patient did not present any deficits in neurological examination and was discharged from hospital in good general condition. CONCLUSIONS The patient was diagnosed with schwannomatosis, recently established neurofibromatosis entity which may resemble NF2 clinically. In patients after the age of 30, in whom we observe multiple schwannomas without the concomitant hearing impairment, the diagnosis of schwannomatosis is very likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Tomasik
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Wojdyn
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Dorota Snopkowska-Wiaderna
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology and Cytopathology, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
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Abstract
Arthrodesis of the knee joint is a mainly a salvage surgical procedure performed in cases of infected total knee arthroplasty, tumor, failed knee arthroplasty or posttraumatic complication.The authors report the case of 18-year-old male with posttraumatic complication of left knee because of motorbike accident 1 year before. He was treated immediately after the injury in the local Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. The examination in the day of admission to our department revealed deformation of the left knee, massive scar tissue adhesions to the proximal tibial bone and multidirectional instability of the knee. The plain radiographs showed complete lack of lateral compartment of the knee joint and patella. The patient complained of severe instability and pain of the knee and a consecutive loss of supporting function of his left limb. The authors decided to perform an arthroscopic-assisted fusion of the knee with Ilizarov external fixator because of massive scar tissue in the knee region and the prior knee infection.In the final follow-up after 54 months a complete bone fusion, good functional and clinical outcome were obtained.This case provides a significant contribution to the development and application of low-invasive techniques in large and extensive surgical procedures in orthopedics and traumatology. Moreover, in this case fixation of knee joint was crucial for providing good conditions for the regeneration of damaged peroneal nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Waszczykowski
- From the Department of Arthroscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland (MW, JF); Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz (MR); Department of Pediatric Orthopaedy and Traumatology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland (KN)
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Radek M, Pacholczyk-Sienicka B, Jankowski S, Albrecht Ł, Grodzka M, Depta A, Radek A. Assessing the correlation between the degree of disc degeneration on the Pfirrmann scale and the metabolites identified in HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 34:376-80. [PMID: 26708032 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess the correlation between the degree of degeneration of lumbar discs according to the Pfirrmann classification system and the concentrations of metabolites determined by means of 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR MAS NMR) spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six human intervertebral lumbar discs that were operated on due to degenerative disease were analyzed. Routine preoperative 1.5T, T2-weighed magnetic resonance (MR) images were used to classify the cases according to the Pfirrmann classification system. In all the cases, during microdiscectomy, the fragments of the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus were harvested and their metabolic profile was examined by means of 1H HR MAS. The grades of disc degeneration on the Pfirrmann scale were correlated with the metabolite concentrations. RESULTS Spectral analyses of the intervertebral discs with Pfirrmann grades IV and V demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of creatine, glycine, hydroxyproline, alanine, leucine, valine, acetate, isoleucine, α,β-glucose, and myo-inositol, and a lower intensity of the N-acetyl peak of chondroitin sulfate, compared to the spectra with Pfirrmann grade III. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate correlations between metabolite concentrations and the degree of lumbar disc degeneration assessed using the Pfirrmann grading system and provide another step toward the potential use of in vivo MR spectroscopy for investigation of biomarkers in lumbar disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, WAM University Hospital, Central Veterans' Hospital of the Medical University of Łódź, Poland.
| | | | - Stefan Jankowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Grodzka
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Depta
- Department of Management, Technical University of Lodz, Poland; Department of Health Care Financing, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, WAM University Hospital, Central Veterans' Hospital of the Medical University of Łódź, Poland
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Zapałowicz K, Radek M. Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures: Effect on local kyphosis and one-year outcomes in pain and disability. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2015; 49:11-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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