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Liu W, Du S, Sun L, Wang Z, Ge G, Jia Y. Study on Dynamic Fermentation of Oat Silage Assisted by Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38202317 PMCID: PMC10780392 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Based on the low content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attachment in oat raw materials, we assumed that the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of oat can be reduced by adding cellulase or xylanase. The concentration of metabolizable sugars will be increased, which will assist the oat's bacterial community in fermentation and obtain a better quality of oat silage. After wilting the oat, it was treated as follows: (1) distributed water (CK); (2) silages inoculated with xylanase (X); and (3) silages inoculated with cellulase (C), ensiling for 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. Cellulase and xylanase treatments both alter the fermentation and nutritional quality of ensiled oat, resulting in lower NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, increased lactic acid and acetic acid contents, and a significant decrease in ensiling environment pH. The bacterial community undergoes significant changes with cellulase and xylanase treatments, with a significant increase in Lactobacillus abundance in the C_14, X_30, C_30, X_60, and C_60 treatment groups, while Weissella abundance gradually decreases with longer ensiling times. Two exogenous fibrolytic enzymes also alter the bacterial diversity of ensiled oat, with different bacterial species and abundances observed in different treatment groups. Ensiled oat treated with cellulase and xylanase experiences significant changes in its own bacterial community, particularly in the abundance of Lactobacillus. These changes result in improved fermentation and nutritional quality of oat, but the higher metabolism levels observed after 60 days of ensiling with cellulase treatment may lead to energy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Shuai Du
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Gentu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
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Zhou J, Ding Z, Pu Q, Xue B, Yue S, Guan S, Wang Z, Wang L, Peng Q, Xue B. Rumen Fermentation and Microbiome Responses to Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Cottonseed Protein Supplementation in Continuous In Vitro Culture. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162113. [PMID: 36009704 PMCID: PMC9405472 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of enzymatic hydrolysate of cottonseed protein (ECP) on the kinetic of gas production, rumen fermentation characteristics, and microbial diversity in continuous in vitro culture with a single factorial design of supplementation with various concentrations of ECP or yeast culture. Treatments were control (without supplementation, CON), supplementation with 10 g/kg Diamond-V XP yeast culture of substrate (XP), and supplementation with 6, 12 and 18 g/kg ECP of substrate (ECP1, ECP2, ECP3), each incubated with 30 mL of buffered incubation fluids and 200 mg of fermentation substrate in graduated glass syringes fitted with plungers for 48 h. Compared with the CON treatment, supplementation of XP yeast culture increased the cumulative gas production at 12 and 24 h, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration at 24 and 36 h, the concentration of microbial protein (MCP) concentration at 24 and 48 h, the molar butyrate proportion at 12, 24, and 48 h, the molar valerate proportion at 48 h, and the ratio of non-glucogenic to glucogenic acids (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON treatment, the concentration of MCP and the molar propionate proportion at 12 h were higher in the ECP1 treatment (p < 0.05); the cumulative gas production at 2, 4, and 12 h, the concentration of NH3-N at 36 h and the molar valerate proportion at 48 h were higher in the ECP2 treatment (p < 0.05); the cumulative gas production at 2, 12, and 48 h, the concentration of NH3-N at 12 and 36 h, the concentration of MCP at 12, 36, and 48 h, the molar butyrate proportion at 12 and 48 h, and the molar valerate proportion at 48 h were higher in the ECP3 treatment (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON treatment, supplementation with XP yeast culture significantly altered the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes, Kiritimatiellaeota, and Proteobacteria, while supplementation with ECP had minimal effect on bacterial diversity. The prediction of bacterial functions showed that the main gene functions of rumen bacteria are associated with carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and membrane transport. The findings of this study suggest that ECP can be used as a superior feed ingredient for ruminants, the suitable level of ECP was 18 g/kg in vitro experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziyue Ding
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qijian Pu
- Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Benchu Xue
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuangming Yue
- Department of Bioengineering, Sichuan Water Conservancy College, Chengdu 611845, China
| | - Shengtao Guan
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bai Xue
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence:
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Wang B, Sun H, Wang D, Liu H, Liu J. Constraints on the utilization of cereal straw in lactating dairy cows: A review from the perspective of systems biology. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 9:240-248. [PMID: 35600542 PMCID: PMC9097690 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Effects of Addition of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes on Digestibility and Milk and Meat Production – A Systematic Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) added to the ruminant diet can increase fiber digestibility and production efficiency. A systematic review was conducted to understand the interactions between EFE and diet on digestibility and animal performance. The database included variables from 384 experiments with EFE and 264 controls from 85 papers published since 2000 (classification criteria: 1) type of study (in vitro, in situ, in vivo), 2) type of ruminants (sheep, buffaloes, goats, beef and dairy cattle), 3) primary EFE activity (cellulases (Cel) or xylanases (Xyl)), 4) forage proportion (FP), 5) type of plant (TP: legumes or grasses), 6) number of ingredients in diets, and 7) application time (AT)). In over 52.85% of cases, EFE improved the degradability of dry matter (DMD), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDFD and ADFD), in vitro gas production (GP), volatile fatty acids (VFA), the acetate: propionate ratio (A:P ratio), protein and fat milk, milk yield and average daily gain (ADG) (by 7.78–21.85%). Cel improved organic matter degradability (OMD), GP, VFA, milk yield, and milk protein and fat content. EFE in FP≥40% diets enhanced the ADG, and in grassbased diets increased the dry matter intake (DMI). The AT of EFE affected the DMD, NDFD, and ADFD. Significant correlations were found between the improvements of NDFD or ADFD with DMD (r>0.59), milk yield (r=0.64), and ADG (r=0.59). In conclusion, many factors interact with EFE supplementation effects, but EFE consistently enhanced the DMD, NDFD, and ADFD of ruminant diets, which are related to improvements in productive performance.
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Phesatcha K, Phesatcha B, Wanapat M, Cherdthong A. Roughage to Concentrate Ratio and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Inclusion Could Modulate Feed Digestion and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation. Vet Sci 2020; 7:E151. [PMID: 33050260 PMCID: PMC7712883 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7040151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the roughage-to-concentrate (R:C) ratio and the addition of live yeast (LY) on ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane (CH4) production. The experimental design was randomly allocated according to a completely randomized design in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was four rations of R:C at 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80, and the second factor was an additional four doses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (live yeast; LY) at 0, 2.0 × 106, 4.0 × 106, and 6.0 × 106 colony-forming unit (cfu), respectively. For the in vitro method, during the incubation, the gas production was noted at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The rumen solution mixture was collected at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h of incubating after inoculation. Cumulative gas production at 96 h was highest in the R:C ratio, at 20:80, while the addition of LY improves the kinetics and accumulation of gas (p > 0.05). Maximum in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) at 24 h after incubation were achieved at the R:C ratio 20:80 and the addition of LY at 6 × 106 cfu, which were greater than the control by 13.7% and 12.4%, respectively. Ruminal pH at 8 h after incubation decreased with an increased proportion of concentrates in the diet, whereas it was lowest when the R:C ratio was at 20:80. Increasing the proportion of a concentrate diet increased total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and propionic acid (C3), whereas the acetic acid (C2) and C2-to-C3 ratios decreased (p < 0.05). TVFA and C3 increased with the addition of LY at 6 × 106 cfu, which was greater than the control by 11.5% and 17.2%, respectively. No interaction effect was observed between the R:C ratio and LY on the CH4 concentration. The calculated ruminal CH4 production decreased with the increasing proportion of concentrates in the diet, particularly the R:C ratio at 20:80. The CH4 production for LY addition at 6 × 106 cfu was lower than the control treatment by 17.2%. Moreover, the greatest populations of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi at 8 h after incubation were found with the addition of LY at 6 × 106 cfu, which were higher than the control by 19.0%, 20.7%, and 40.4%, respectively. In conclusion, a high ratio of roughage and the concentrate and addition of LY at 6.0 × 106 cfu of the total dietary substrate could improve rumen fermentation, improve feed digestibility, and reduce the CH4 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kampanat Phesatcha
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand;
| | - Burarat Phesatcha
- Department of Agricultural Technology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC)Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Anusorn Cherdthong
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC)Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
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Andrade AP, de Figueiredo MP, de Quadros DG, Ferreira JQ, Whitney TR, Luz YS, Santos HRO, Souza MNS. Chemical and biological treatment of cotton gin trash for fattening Santa Ines lambs. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang C, Hou F, Wanapat M, Yan T, Kim EJ, Scollan ND. Assessment of cutting time on nutrient values, in vitro fermentation and methane production among three ryegrass cultivars. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:1242-1251. [PMID: 32054228 PMCID: PMC7322649 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The 3×3 factorial arrangement was used to investigate if either high watersoluble carbohydrates (WSC) cultivars or suitable time of day that the grass cut could improve nutrient values and in vitro fermentation characteristics. METHODS The 3 cultivars were mowed at 3 diurnal time points and included a benchmark WSC ryegrass cultivar 'Premium', and 2 high WSC cultivars AberAvon and AberMagic, which contained, on average, 157, 173, and 193 g/kg dry matter (DM) of WSC, and 36.0, 36.5, and 34.1 g/kg DM of N during 7th regrowth stage, respectively. The fermentation jars were run at 39°C with gas production recorded and sampled at 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 22, 28, 36, and 48 h. The rumen liquid was collected from 3 rumen fistulated cows grazing on ryegrass pasture. RESULTS High WSC cultivars had significantly greater WSC content, in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) and total gas production (TGP), and lower lag time than Premium cultivar. Methane production for AberMagic cultivar containing lower N concentration was marginally lower than that for AberAvon and Premium cultivars. Grass cut at Noon or PM contained greater WSC concentration, IVDMD and TGP, and lower N and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents, but CH4 production was also increased, compared to grass cut in AM. Meanwhile, the effects of diurnal cutting time were influenced by cultivars, such as in vitro CH4 production for AberMagic was not affected by cutting time. The IVDMD and gas production per unit of DM incubated were positively related to WSC concentration, WSC/N and WSC/NDF, respectively, and negatively related to N and NDF concentrations. CONCLUSION These results imply either grass cut in Noon or PM or high WSC cultivars could improve nutrient values, IVDMD and in vitro TGP, and that AberMagic cultivar has a slightly lower CH4 production compared to AberAvon and Premium. Further study is necessary to determine whether the increase of CH4 production response incurred by shifting from AM cutting to Noon and/or PM cutting could be compensated for by high daily gain from increased WSC concentration and DM digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu,
China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu,
China
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002,
Thailand
| | - Tianhai Yan
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, Co Down BT26 6DR,
United Kingdom
| | - Eun Joong Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37222,
Korea
| | - Nigel David Scollan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG,
United Kingdom
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Cagle CM, Batista LFD, Anderson RC, Fonseca MA, Cravey MD, Julien C, Tedeschi LO. Evaluation of different inclusion levels of dry live yeast impacts on various rumen parameters and in situ digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber in growing and finishing beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2020; 97:4987-4998. [PMID: 31679025 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of supplementing dry live yeast (LY; Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on in vitro gas production (IVGP) fermentation dynamics, pH, and CH4 concentration at 48 h, and in situ rumen parameters and digestibility of DM (DMD) and NDF (NDFD) of growing cattle during 3 feeding phases: grower (GRW) for 17 d (38% steamed-flaked corn; SFC), transition (TRANS) for 15 d (55.5% SFC: 1.2 Mcal/kg NEg), and finisher (FIN) for 13 d (73% SFC: 1.23 Mcal/kg NEg). Twenty British-crossbred, ruminally cannulated steers (183 kg ± 44 kg) 6 mo of age were blocked by weight into 5 pens containing Calan gate feeders and received a control (CON) diet (17.2% CP, 35.8% NDF, 86.7% DM) without LY on days -12 to 0. After that, animals were randomly assigned to treatments (TRT), 5 animals per TRT: CON or LY at inclusion rates of 5 g/d (LY1), 10 g/d (LY2), or 15 g/d (LY3) top dressed every morning at 0800 for 45 d. The DMD and NDFD were assessed during 7 separate collection days using in situ nylon bags containing 5 g of GRW, TRANS, or FIN diets, incubated at 1200 for 48 h. Protozoa counts (PC) were determined during 5 collection periods. Data were analyzed as a repeated measure within a randomized complete block design, assuming a random effect of the pen. For GRW, TRT altered the total gas production of the nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC; P = 0.045) and the fractional rate of degradation (kd) of the fiber carbohydrate (FC) pool (P = 0.001) in a cubic pattern (P ≤ 0.05): LY2 had the most gas production and fastest kd. TRT also influenced DMD (P = 0.035) and NDFD (P = 0.012) with LY2 providing the greatest digestibility. For TRANS, TRT tended to affect the NFC kd (P = 0.078) and influenced pH (P = 0.04) and DMD (P < 0.001) in which LY2 yielded the fastest kd, highest pH, and greatest DMD. For FIN, there was an effect of TRT on total gas production (P < 0.001) and kd (P = 0.004) of the NFC pool, FC kd (P = 0.012), in vitro CH4 concentration (P < 0.001), PC (P < 0.001), DMD (P = 0.039), and NDFD (P = 0.008). LY1 had the highest PC and provided the greatest DMD and NDFD. LY2 had the fastest kd of both the NFC and FC pools and had the least CH4 concentration. LY3 had the greatest NFC gas production. No specific dose-response pattern was observed, but 10 g/d provided the most beneficial result for all diets. We concluded that supplementation with LY affected IVGP as well as ruminal parameters and digestibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn M Cagle
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Robin C Anderson
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX
| | - Mozart A Fonseca
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary, and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | | | | | - Luis O Tedeschi
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Sweet Corn Stalk Treated with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Alone or in Combination with Lactobacillus Plantarum: Nutritional Composition, Fermentation Traits and Aerobic Stability. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090598. [PMID: 31450836 PMCID: PMC6770685 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculant alone or jointly with Lactobacillus plantarum on nutrient preservation, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability of sweet corn stalk silage. Fresh stalks (231 g dry matter (DM)/kg) were chopped and subjected to the following treatments: (1) deionized water (Uninoculated; U); (2) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g of fresh forage (S); and (3) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g plus L. plantarum at 1 × 105 cfu/g (SL). Treated stalks were ensiled in 5-litre laboratory silos for 30, 60, and 90 d. The S and SL silages had a greater (p < 0.001) pH and greater crude protein, ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, and ethanol contents at all three ensiling periods than the U silage. Acetate, propionate and volatile fatty acids in the S and SL silages after 30 and 90 d of ensiling were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the U silage, but they were lower (p < 0.05) in the S and SL silages than in the U silage after 60 d. The lactate and V-score of the S and SL silages were lower (p < 0.001) than those of the U silage at all three ensiling periods. Compared with the U group, the aerobic stability of the S silage after 90 d of ensiling decreased (p < 0.05), and the aerobic stability of the SL silage was unaffected (p > 0.05). Overall, the quality of sweet corn stalk silage was not improved by inoculation with 108 cfu/g of S. cerevisiae alone or in combination with 1 × 105 cfu/g of L. plantarum.
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Effects of Supplementation of Branches and Leaves Trimmed from Tea Plant on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Meat Composition of Nanjiang Yellow Goats. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090590. [PMID: 31438584 PMCID: PMC6769452 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The effects of supplementation of branches and leaves trimmed from tea tree (BLTT) on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics and meat composition of fattening Nanjiang Yellow goats were studied. Supplementation of 4% BLTT increased final body weight of goats and also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, while glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde followed the quadratic curve. Quadratic curves were also observed for villus height, crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum. The quadratic effect was obtained for total essential amino acids, and individual amino acids threonine and leucine. Supplementation of 4% BLTT decreased the saturated fatty acid C16:0, and a quadratic effect was observed for polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:3 (n−3). From the present study, it is concluded that BLTT supplementation has a positive effect on body antioxidative status, gastrointestinal development, rumen fermentation characteristics and overall hence growth performance and meat composition in goats. Abstract Thirty-two 6-month-old, healthy Nanjiang Yellow goats (34.6 ± 4.16 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments to evaluate the supplementary effects of branches and leaves trimmed from tea tree (BLTT) on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics, and meat composition in fattening goats. The control goats were fed a basal diet. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 were fed 2%, 4% and 6% of BLTT respectively. After a 60 d feeding trial, blood samples were collected for the analysis of the antioxidant profile and goats were slaughtered to obtain the rumen fluid and carcass samples for determination of rumen fermentation characteristics and meat composition perameters. Increased final body weight was observed in goats fed 4% BLTT compared with control. The activity of superoxide dismutase was increased in the 4% BLTT-treated group, while glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde followed the quadratic curve. Quadratic curves were also observed for villus height, crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum. The quadratic effect was obtained for total essential amino acids, and individual amino acids threonine and leucine. The saturated fatty acid C16:0 was decreased with 4% of BLTT supplementation, and a quadratic effect was observed for polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:3 (n−3). To sum up, our findings revealed that BLTT supplementation has a positive effect on body antioxidative status, gastrointestinal development, rumen fermentation characteristics and overall growth performance and meat quality in goats.
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ELMASRY AMA, MENDOZA GD, MIRANDA LA, MARTÍNEZ JA, VÁZQUEZ G, PLATA FX. In vitro gas production of high forage diets incubated with two live yeast (Biosaf SC47 and Procreatin 7). THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v88i12.85808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Shen Y, Wang H, Ran T, Yoon I, Saleem AM, Yang W. Influence of yeast culture and feed antibiotics on ruminal fermentation and site and extent of digestion in beef heifers fed high grain rations1. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:3916-3927. [PMID: 30060086 PMCID: PMC6127774 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study objective was to investigate the effects of site of delivering Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) on ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics, and the site and extent of feed digestion in the digestive tract of beef heifers fed high-grain diets. Examining the ruminal and postruminal effects of SCFP is important for understanding the potential use of SCFP as an alternative for current industry-standard antibiotics used in beef cattle rations. Five beef heifers (initial BW = 561 ± 11.7 kg) equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design with 28-d periods, including 21 d for adaption and 7 d for data collection. Five treatments were as follows: 1) control diet that contained 10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate mix (DM basis); 2) control diet supplemented with antibiotics (ANT; 330-mg monensin/d and 110-mg tylosin/d per head); 3) ruminal (top dress) delivery of SCFP (rSCFP; NaturSafe, Diamond V, 18-g SCFP/d); 4) duodenal delivery of SCFP (dSCFP; 18-g SCFP/d, via duodenal cannula); and 5) a combination of rSCFP and dSCFP (rdSCFP; 18-g rSCFP and 18-g dSCFP). Intake of DM tended (P < 0.10) to be greater by heifers fed rdSCFP than those fed control, ANT and rSCFP diets. Minimum ruminal pH was greater (P < 0.05) with rSCFP than control and rdSCFP treatments. The duration of ruminal pH < 5.6 tended (P < 0.10) to be less with rSCFP than control and ANT. Heifers fed the rSCFP diet had greater (P < 0.03) protozoa counts and proportion of acetate than the other treatments. Nutrient flows to the duodenum did not differ (P > 0.19), whereas the amount of truly fermented OM was greater (P < 0.03) with rdSCFP than the other treatments. Ruminal OM digestibility was highest with rSCFP and rdSCFP, intermediate with dSCFP and ANT, and lowest with control (P < 0.03). Intestinal digestibility was similar among treatments. As a result, total tract digestibility of OM (P < 0.07) and NDF (P < 0.01) was greater with rSCFP and rdSCFP than control and ANT. Fecal IgA concentration was highest with ANT, intermediate with dSCFP and rdSCFP, and lowest with control and rSCFP (P < 0.03). These results demonstrate that feeding SCFP improved stability of ruminal pH and digestibility of OM and NDF. Delivery of SCFP to the duodenum appeared to have little effect on nutrient digestibility but improved intestinal immune response. Feeding SCFP performed better or at least equal to antibiotics currently used in beef cattle rations and could be a natural alternative for beef cattle production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Shen
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Atef Mohamed Saleem
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Freiria LBD, Zervoudakis JT, Paula NFD, Cabral LDS, Tedeschi LO, Silva PIJLDRE, Melo ACB, Possamai AJ. Exogenous enzyme on in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation of diet containing high level of concentrate. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE E PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-99402018000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Exogenous enzyme preparations (fibrolytic activity (FIB), 0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, and 2.4 mg/ml liquid volume incubated; amylolytic activity (AMZ), 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 mg/ml liquid volume incubated; proteolytic activity (PRO), 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 mg/ml liquid volume incubated) were incubated in vitro. Their fermentation effects were assessed based on accumulated gas production, kinetic parameters, and fermentation profile using the technique of gas fermentation. Ruminal liquid was obtained from two rumen cannulated Santa Inês sheep, fed a diet with roughage-to-concentrate ratio of 20:80. Accumulated gas production was during 96 h of incubation, measured at 18 different times. After incubation, pH, dry matter degradability (DMD), organic matter in vitro digestibility (OMD), metabolisable energy (ME), partitioning factor (PF96), gas yield (GY24), short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial protein production (MCP) were evaluated. Increasing FIB dose linearly decreased (P<0.05) lag time without affecting others kinetic parameters. However, FIB increased the accumulated gas production, resulting in improved DMD, OMD, ME, GY24 and SCFA. The addition of AMZ decreased linearly (P<0.05) lag time and increased (P<0.05) gas production on initial times of incubation without altering the fermentation profile. The inclusion of PRO did not affect (P>0.05) the evaluated parameters. The addition of these exogenous enzyme preparations with fibrolytic activity altered ruminal fermentation in vitro of diets containing high levels of concentrates.
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Iqbal MW, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Zou C, Li L, Liang X, Wei S, Lin B. Ruminal fermentation and microbial community differently influenced by four typical subtropical forages in vitro. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2018; 4:100-108. [PMID: 30167491 PMCID: PMC6112341 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of 4 typical subtropical forages on ruminal microbial community composition to formulate a better diet for buffalo. Corn straw silage, elephant grass, cassava residues and sugarcane tail silage were used as substrates for in vitro fermentation. Eight replicates were set up for every substrate, and fermentation was carried out in a 100-mL glass syringe, using buffalo rumen inoculum. Every replicate was anaerobically dispensed with 10 mL of rumen inoculum, 20 mL of McDougall's buffer and 200 mg of dried substrate, and placed in a water bath at 39 °C. Gas production was recorded at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h of incubation. After 24 h, fermentation was ceased for 4 replicates and samples were collected. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations were measured using gas chromatography. Microbial populations were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and microbial community was analyzed using high throughput sequencing technology. The results showed, cassava residues as substrate had the highest gas production, acetate, propionate and total VFA concentrations (P < 0.05), and corn straw silage had the lowest acetate:propionate ratio (P < 0.05). The lowest numbers of fungi, Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes, and the highest number of protozoa were observed with cassava residues (P < 0.05). The least abundances of bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and genus Prevotella, and substantially higher abundance of phylum proteobacteria (56%) and genus Succinivibrio (52%) were observed with cassava residues. The most abundances of Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii and Entodinium were observed with cassava residues. Spearman's correlations analysis showed, Succinivibrio had strong positive correlations with propionate, butyrate, Metadinium and M. gottschalkii, indicating fermentation products were related to microbial community. In conclusion, incubation with cassava residues resulted in lower number of fiber degrading microbes but higher protozoal population because of its low fiber contents. The microbial community was highly altered by in vitro incubation with cassava residues, whereas remained similar for the other 3 high fiber containing substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad W. Iqbal
- College of Animal Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Yingbai Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Caixia Zou
- College of Animal Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Lili Li
- Buffalo Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Buffalo Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Shengju Wei
- Buffalo Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Bo Lin
- College of Animal Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China
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Almaraz I, González SS, Pinos-Rodríguez JM, Miranda LA. Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on in sacco and in vitro degradation of diets and on growth performance of lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2010.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Liu Y, Munteanu CR, Fernandez-Lozano C, Pazos A, Ran T, Tan Z, Yu Y, Zhou C, Tang S, González-Díaz H. Experimental Study and ANN Dual-Time Scale Perturbation Model of Electrokinetic Properties of Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1216. [PMID: 28713345 PMCID: PMC5491601 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrokinetic properties of the rumen microbiota are involved in cell surface adhesion and microbial metabolism. An in vitro study was carried out in batch culture to determine the effects of three levels of special surface area (SSA) of biomaterials and four levels of surface tension (ST) of culture medium on electrokinetic properties (Zeta potential, ξ; electrokinetic mobility, μe), fermentation parameters (volatile fatty acids, VFAs), and ST over fermentation processes (ST-a, γ). The obtained results were combined with previously published data (digestibility, D; pH; concentration of ammonia nitrogen, c(NH3-N)) to establish a predictive artificial neural network (ANN) model. Concepts of dual-time series analysis, perturbation theory (PT), and Box-Jenkins Operators were applied for the first time to develop an ANN model to predict the variations of the electrokinetic properties of microbiota. The best dual-time series Radial Basis Functions (RBR) model for ξ of rumen microbiota predicted ξ for >30,000 cases with a correlation coefficient >0.8. This model provided insight into the correlations between electrokinetic property (zeta potential) of rumen microbiota and the perturbations of physical factors (specific surface area and surface tension) of media, digestibility of substrate, and their metabolites (NH3-N, VFAs) in relation to environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha, China
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Science Faculty, University of A CorunaA Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Fernandez-Lozano
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Science Faculty, University of A CorunaA Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A CoruñaA Coruña, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pazos
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Science Faculty, University of A CorunaA Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A CoruñaA Coruña, Spain
| | - Tao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPSChangsha, China
| | - Yizun Yu
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of SciencesJiangxi, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPSChangsha, China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPSChangsha, China
| | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbao, Spain
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18
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Chen L, Ren A, Zhou C, Tan Z. Effects ofLactobacillus acidophilussupplementation for improvingin vitrorumen fermentation characteristics of cereal straws. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1262753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ao Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, China
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19
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Castillo-Castillo Y, Ruiz-Barrera O, Burrola-Barraza ME, Marrero-Rodriguez Y, Salinas-Chavira J, Angulo-Montoya C, Corral-Luna A, Arzola-Alvarez C, Itza-Ortiz M, Camarillo J. Isolation and characterization of yeasts from fermented apple bagasse as additives for ruminant feeding. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:889-895. [PMID: 27520528 PMCID: PMC5052383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation can be used to produce feeds for ruminants, which can provide an enriched population of yeasts to improve ruminal fermentation. Fermentation of apple bagasse was performed to obtain a yeast-rich product, with the objective of isolating, identifying, and characterizing yeast strains and testing their capability to enhance in vitro ruminal fermentation of fibrous feeds. Yeasts were isolated from apple bagasse fermented under in vitro conditions, using rumen liquor obtained from cannulated cows and alfalfa as a fibrous substrate. A total of 16 new yeast strains were isolated and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The strains were designated Levazot, followed by the isolate number. Their fermentative capacity was assessed using an in vitro gas production method. Strain Levazot 15 (Candida norvegensis) showed the greatest increase in gas production (p<0.05) compared with the yeast-free control and positively affected in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of alfalfa and oat straw. Based on these results, it was concluded that the Levazot 15 yeast strain could be potentially used as an additive for ruminants consuming high-fiber diets. However, further studies of effects of these additives on rumen digestion, metabolism, and productive performance of ruminants are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Castillo-Castillo
- Universidad Autonoma de Cd. Juarez, Division Multidisciplinaria, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Mexico
| | - O Ruiz-Barrera
- Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecologia, Chihuahua, Mexico.
| | - M E Burrola-Barraza
- Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecologia, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | | | - J Salinas-Chavira
- Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Cd. Victoria, Mexico
| | - C Angulo-Montoya
- Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Sin, Mexico
| | - A Corral-Luna
- Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecologia, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - C Arzola-Alvarez
- Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecologia, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - M Itza-Ortiz
- Universidad Autonoma de Cd. Juarez, Division Multidisciplinaria, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Mexico
| | - J Camarillo
- Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecologia, Chihuahua, Mexico
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21
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Wu D, Xu L, Tang S, Guan L, He Z, Guan Y, Tan Z, Han X, Zhou C, Kang J, Wang M. Influence of Oleic Acid on Rumen Fermentation and Fatty Acid Formation In Vitro. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156835. [PMID: 27299526 PMCID: PMC4907511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of batch cultures were conducted to investigate the effects of oleic acid (OA) on in vitro ruminal dry matter degradability (IVDMD), gas production, methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) production, and proportion of fatty acids. Rumen fluid was collected from fistulated goats, diluted with incubation buffer, and then incubated with 500 mg Leymus chinensis meal supplemented with different amounts of OA (0, 20, 40, and 60 mg for the CON, OA20, OA40 and OA60 groups, respectively). Incubation was carried out anaerobically at 39°C for 48 h, and the samples were taken at 12, 24 and 48 h and subjected to laboratory analysis. Supplementation of OA decreased IVDMD, the cumulative gas production, theoretical maximum of gas production and CH4 production, but increased H2 production. However, no effect was observed on any parameters of rumen fermentation (pH, ammonia, production of acetate, propionate and butyrate and total volatile fatty acid production). The concentrations of some beneficial fatty acids, such as cis monounsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were higher (P < 0.05) from OA groups than those from the control group at 12 h incubation. In summary, these results suggest that the OA supplementation in diet can reduce methane production and increase the amount of some beneficial fatty acids in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanqin Wu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
- Institute of bast fiber crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultrial Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhixiong He
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Yongjuan Guan
- UWA Institute of Agriculture M082, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xuefeng Han
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Jinhe Kang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P.R. China
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Lu Q, Wu J, Wang M, Zhou C, Han X, Odongo EN, Tan Z, Tang S. Effects of dietary addition of cellulase and aSaccharomyces cerevisiaefermentation product on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and enteric methane emissions in growing goats. Arch Anim Nutr 2016; 70:224-38. [DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2016.1163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Rodriguez MP, Mariezcurrena MD, Mariezcurrena MA, Lagunas BC, Elghandour MM, Kholif AM, Kholif AE, Almaráz EM, Salem AZ. Influence of Live Cells or Cells Extract ofSaccharomyces Cerevisiaeonin VitroGas Production of a Total Mixed Ration. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2015.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Márquez A, Mendoza G, Pinos-Rodríguez JM, Zavaleta H, González S, Buntinx S, Loera O, Meneses M. Effect of fibrolytic enzymes and incubation pH onin vitrodegradation of NDF extracts of alfalfa and orchardgrass. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang Z, He Z, Beauchemin KA, Tang S, Zhou C, Han X, Wang M, Kang J, Odongo NE, Tan Z. Evaluation of Different Yeast Species for Improving In vitro Fermentation of Cereal Straws. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:230-40. [PMID: 26732448 PMCID: PMC4698703 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Information on the effects of different yeast species on ruminal fermentation is limited. This experiment was conducted in a 3×4 factorial arrangement to explore and compare the effects of addition of three different live yeast species (Candida utilis 1314, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1355, and Candida tropicalis 1254) at four doses (0, 0.25×107, 0.50×107, and 0.75×107 colony-forming unit [cfu]) on in vitro gas production kinetics, fiber degradation, methane production and ruminal fermentation characteristics of maize stover, and rice straw by mixed rumen microorganisms in dairy cows. The maximum gas production (Vf), dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber disappearance (IVNDFD), and methane production in C. utilis group were less (p<0.01) than other two live yeast supplemented groups. The inclusion of S. cerevisiae reduced (p<0.01) the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), isobutyrate, and isovalerate compared to the other two yeast groups. C. tropicalis addition generally enhanced (p<0.05) IVDMD and IVNDFD. The NH3-N concentration and CH4 production were increased (p<0.05) by the addition of S. cerevisiae and C. tropicalis compared with the control. Supplementation of three yeast species decreased (p<0.05) or numerically decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate. The current results indicate that C. tropicalis is more preferred as yeast culture supplements, and its optimal dose should be 0.25×107 cfu/500 mg substrates in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Wang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Zhixiong He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Karen A Beauchemin
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuefeng Han
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Wang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinhe Kang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nicholas E Odongo
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna A-1400, Austria
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ruiz O, Castillo Y, Arzola C, Burrola E, Salinas J, Corral A, Hume ME, Murillo M, Itza M. Effects of Candida norvegensis Live Cells on In vitro Oat Straw Rumen Fermentation. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:211-8. [PMID: 26732446 PMCID: PMC4698701 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of Candida norvegensis (C. norvegensis) viable yeast culture on in vitro ruminal fermentation of oat straw. Ruminal fluid was mixed with buffer solution (1:2) and anaerobically incubated with or without yeast at 39°C for 0, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h. A fully randomized design was used. There was a decrease in lactic acid (quadratic, p = 0.01), pH, (quadratic, p = 0.02), and yeasts counts (linear, p<0.01) across fermentation times. However, in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and ammonia-N increased across fermentation times (quadratic; p<0.01 and p<0.02, respectively). Addition of yeast cells caused a decrease in pH values compared over all fermentation times (p<0.01), and lactic acid decreased at 12 h (p = 0.05). Meanwhile, yeast counts increased (p = 0.01) at 12 h. C. norvegensis increased ammonia-N at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h (p<0.01), and IVDMD of oat straw increased at 8, 12, and 24 h (p<0.01) of fermentation. Yeast cells increased acetate (p<0.01), propionate (p<0.03), and butyrate (p<0.03) at 8 h, while valeriate and isovaleriate increased at 8, 12, and 24 h (p<0.01). The yeast did not affect cellulolytic bacteria (p = 0.05), but cellulolytic fungi increased at 4 and 8 h (p<0.01), whereas production of methane decreased (p<0.01) at 8 h. It is concluded that addition of C. norvegensis to in vitro oat straw fermentation increased ruminal fermentation parameters as well as microbial growth with reduction of methane production. Additionally, yeast inoculum also improved IVDMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Ruiz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
| | - Yamicela Castillo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
| | - Claudio Arzola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
| | - Eduviges Burrola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
| | - Jaime Salinas
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, Tamps. 87000, México
| | - Agustín Corral
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
| | - Michael E Hume
- Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Manuel Murillo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Juarez University of Durango State, Durango, Dgo. 34000, Mexico
| | - Mateo Itza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Multidisciplinary Division, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 31803, México
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Characterization of an acidic cellulase produced by Bacillus subtilis BY-4 isolated from gastrointestinal tract of Tibetan pig. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wu D, Xu L, Tang S, He Z, Tan Z, Han X, Zhou C, Kang J, Wang M. Supplementation of increasing amounts of linoleic acid to
Leymus chinensis
decreases methane production and improves fatty acid composition in vitro. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duanqin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Liwei. Xu
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Zhixiong. He
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Zhiliang. Tan
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Han
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Jinhe Kang
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, and Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, and South‐Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanP. R. China
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Liu Y, Buendía-Rodríguez G, Peñuelas-Rívas CG, Tan Z, Rívas-Guevara M, Tenorio-Borroto E, Munteanu CR, Pazos A, González-Díaz H. Experimental and computational studies of fatty acid distribution networks. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:2964-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new PT-LFER model is useful for predicting a distribution network in terms of specific fatty acid distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
- Autonomous University of the State of Mexico
- Toluca
- Mexico
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-ecological Engineering
| | - Germán Buendía-Rodríguez
- National Center for Disciplinary Research on Animal Physiology and Breeding
- National Institute of Forestry
- Agriculture and Livestock Research
- Queretaro
- Mexico
| | | | - Zhiliang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-ecological Engineering
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - María Rívas-Guevara
- Ethnobiology and Biodiversity Research Center
- Chapingo Autonomous University
- Texcoco
- Mexico
| | - Esvieta Tenorio-Borroto
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
- Autonomous University of the State of Mexico
- Toluca
- Mexico
| | | | | | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Leioa
- Spain
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Considerations on the use of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to improve forage utilization. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:247437. [PMID: 25379525 PMCID: PMC4212537 DOI: 10.1155/2014/247437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestion of cell wall fractions of forage in the rumen is incomplete due to the complex links which limit their degradation. It is therefore necessary to find options to optimize the use of forages in ruminant production systems. One alternative is to use exogenous enzymes. Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes are of fungal or bacterial origin and increase nutrient availability from the cell wall, which consists of three fractions in different proportions depending on the species of forage: digestible, potentially digestible, and indigestible. The response to addition of exogenous enzymes varies with the type of forage; many researchers infer that there are enzyme-forage interactions but fail to explain the biological mechanism. We hypothesize that the response is related to the proportion of the potentially digestible fraction. The exogenous enzyme activity depends on several factors but if the general conditions for enzyme action are available, the potentially digestible fraction may determine the magnitude of the response. Results of experiments with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in domestic ruminants are inconsistent. This, coupled with their high cost, has made their use unattractive to farmers. Development of cheaper products exploring other microorganisms with fibrolytic activity, such as Fomes fomentarius or Cellulomonas flavigena, is required.
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Sipai S, Dutta K, Savsani H, Murthy K, Vataliya P, Chavda J, Gajera A. Inclusion of different exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to dry jowar fodder and their effect on in vitro total gas production. Vet World 2013. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2013.839-843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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32
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Lin B, Tan Z, Xiao G, Zeng J, Tang S, Han X, Wang M, Liu S. Qualitative observation on persistence and microbial transformation of recombinant DNA from transgenic rice biomass incubated in in vitrorumen system. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2012.739086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Patra AK. The Use of Live Yeast Products as Microbial Feed Additives in Ruminant Nutrition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2012.366.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hassim HA, Lourenço M, Goh YM, Baars JJP, Fievez V. Rumen degradation of oil palm fronds is improved through pre-digestion with white rot fungi but not through supplementation with yeast or enzymes. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2011-097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hassim, H. A., Lourenço, M., Goh, Y. M., Baars, J. J. P. and Fievez, V. 2012. Rumen degradation of oil palm fronds is improved through pre-digestion with white rot fungi but not through supplementation with yeast or enzymes. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 79–87. Rumen fermentation kinetics of oil palm fronds (OPF) supplemented or not with enzymes (Hemicell® or Allzyme SSF®) or yeasts (Levucell®SC or Yea-Sacc®) were studied through an in vitro gas production test (96 h) (exp. 1). In exp. 2, enzymes were supplemented to OPF pre-treated during 3 or 9 wk with either one of five white rot fungi strains. Yeasts and enzymes were tested both in active and inactive forms, which revealed the most appropriate set-up to distinguish between the rate of supplements as direct contributors to the fermentation substrate vs. stimulators of the fermentation of the basal substrate. In exp 1, addition of active and inactive Yea-Sacc® increased the apparently rumen degradable carbohydrates (ARDC) by 11%, whereas enzymes did not affect rumen degradability of non-inoculated OPF. Neither yeast nor enzymes influenced the rate of gas production of non-inoculated OPF, except for active Hemicell® at the low dose. In exp. 2, inoculation of OPF with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora for 3 wk and Lentinula edodes for 9 wk increased ARDC, but additional enzyme supplementation did not further improve ARDC or the rate of gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Hassim
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. Lourenço
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Y. M. Goh
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J. J. P. Baars
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1,6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - V. Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
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Yuan ZQ, Tang SX, Zeng B, Wang M, Tan ZL, Sun ZH, Zhou CS, Han XF, Bamikole MA. Effects of dietary supplementation with alkyl polyglycoside, a nonionic surfactant, on nutrient digestion and ruminal fermentation in goats1. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3984-91. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fermentation characterization of chinese yam polysaccharide and its effects on the gut microbiota of rats. Int J Microbiol 2009; 2009:598152. [PMID: 19936111 PMCID: PMC2777007 DOI: 10.1155/2009/598152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat was used to characterize Chinese Yam polysaccharides (CYPs). In Exp. 1, maximum volume and rate of gas production in CYP 3-supplemented group were higher than other CYP-supplemented groups and control group, while pH values and NH3 contents in CYP 2-, CYP 3-, and CYP 4-supplemented groups were lower than control group. Contents of acetate, propionate and butyrate increased by supplementing CYP 3 or CYP 4 compared to other groups, except for glucose-supplemented group. Contents of isobutyrate for CYPs groups decreased compared to control group. CYP 3 enhanced beneficial gut microbiota, but suppressed bacterial pathogens. In Exp. 2, contents of acetate and butyrate in cecal digesta of rats fed 0.25 or 0.5 g/kg CYP 3 were higher than other groups on day 7. pH values in 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg groups were lower than 1.0 g/kg group. Contents of acetate in 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg groups were greater than other 2 groups on day 21. Gut microflora in CYP 3-supplemented rats had greater diversity than non-supplemented rats. CYP 3 enriched beneficial gut microbiota, but suppressed bacterial pathogens in rat cecum. These findings suggested that CYP 3 is a good source of carbon and energy, and may improve bacterial community diversity and modulate short-chain fatty acid production in hindgut of rats.
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Cong ZH, Tang SX, Tan ZL, Sun ZH, Zhou CS, Han XF, Wang M, Ren GP. Effects of different nonionic surfactants on in vitro fermentation characteristics of cereal straws1. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:1085-96. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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