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Schuchardt EL, Miyamoto SD, Crombleholme T, Karimpour-Fard A, Korst A, Neltner B, Howley LW, Cuneo B, Sucharov CC. Amniotic Fluid microRNA in Severe Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Cardiomyopathy-Identification of Differences and Predicting Demise. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:37. [PMID: 35200691 PMCID: PMC8878714 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a rare but serious cause of fetal cardiomyopathy with poorly understood pathophysiology and challenging prognostication. This study sought a nonbiased, comprehensive assessment of amniotic fluid (AF) microRNAs from TTTS pregnancies and associations of these miRNAs with clinical characteristics. For the discovery cohort, AF from ten fetuses with severe TTTS cardiomyopathy were selected and compared to ten normal singleton AF. Array panels assessing 384 microRNAs were performed on the discovery cohort and controls. Using a stringent q < 0.0025, arrays identified 32 miRNAs with differential expression. Top three microRNAs were miR-99b, miR-370 and miR-375. Forty distinct TTTS subjects were selected for a validation cohort. RT-PCR targeted six differentially-expressed microRNAs in the discovery and validation cohorts. Expression differences by array were confirmed by RT-PCR with high fidelity. The ability of these miRNAs to predict clinical differences, such as cardiac findings and later demise, was evaluated on TTTS subjects. Down-regulation of miRNA-127-3p, miRNA-375-3p and miRNA-886 were associated with demise. Our results indicate AF microRNAs have potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in TTTS. The top microRNAs have previously demonstrated roles in angiogenesis, cardiomyocyte stress response and hypertrophy. Further studies of the mechanism of actions and potential targets is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor L. Schuchardt
- Department of Pediatrics, Colorado Fetal Care Center, Children’s Hospital Colorado, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.L.S.); (S.D.M.); (B.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Shelley D. Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Colorado Fetal Care Center, Children’s Hospital Colorado, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.L.S.); (S.D.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Timothy Crombleholme
- Fetal Care Center Dallas, Medical City Children’s Hospital, Dallas, TX 75230, USA;
| | - Anis Karimpour-Fard
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Armin Korst
- Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Bonnie Neltner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Lisa W. Howley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Heart Clinic, Children’s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA;
| | - Bettina Cuneo
- Department of Pediatrics, Colorado Fetal Care Center, Children’s Hospital Colorado, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.L.S.); (S.D.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Carmen C. Sucharov
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
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MicroRNAs targeting VEGF are related to vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229400. [PMID: 34318873 PMCID: PMC8360826 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In preeclampsia (PE), pre-existent maternal endothelial dysfunction leads to impaired placentation and vascular maladaptation. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway is essential in the placentation process and VEGF expression is regulated through post-transcriptional modification by microRNAs (miRNAs). We investigated the expression of VEGF-related circulating miR-16, miR-29b, miR-126, miR-155 and miR-200c in PE vs healthy pregnancies (HPs), and their relation with vascular function, oxidative stress (OS) and systemic inflammation. In this case-control study, 24 women with early PE (<34 weeks) were compared with 30 women with HP. Circulating microRNA levels (RT-qPCR), OS and systemic inflammation were assessed in plasma samples (PE 29.5 vs HP 25.8 weeks) and related to extensive in vivo vascular function (flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), modified FMD (mFMD), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV), heart rate corrected augmentation index (AIx75) and reactive hyperemia index (RHI)). FMD, CF-PWV, AIx75 and RHI were all significantly impaired in PE (P<0.05). PE patients had reduced levels of miR-16 (5.53 ± 0.36 vs 5.84 ± 0.61) and increased levels of miR-200c (1.34 ± 0.57 vs 0.97 ± 0.68) (P<0.05). Independent of age and parity, miR-16 was related to impaired FMD (β 2.771, 95% C.I.: 0.023-5.519, P=0.048) and mFMD (β 3.401, 95% C.I.: 0.201-6.602, P=0.038). Likewise, miR-200c was independently associated with CF-PWV (β 0.513, 95% C.I.: 0.034-0.992, P=0.036). In conclusion, circulating levels of miR-16 were lower in PE, which correlated with impaired endothelial function. Circulating miR-200c was increased in PE and correlated with higher arterial stiffness. These findings suggest a post-transcriptional dysregulation of the VEGF pathway in PE and identify miR-16 and miR-200c as possible diagnostic biomarkers for PE.
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Chen X, Guo DY, Yin TL, Yang J. Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Placental Trophoblast Function and Participate in Recurrent Abortion. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646521. [PMID: 33967782 PMCID: PMC8100504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a serious pregnancy complication with an increasing clinical incidence. The various causes of recurrent abortion are complicated. Developments in genetics, immunology, and cell biology have identified important roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the occurrence and progress of recurrent abortion. NcRNAs can affect the growth, migration, and invasion of placental trophoblasts by regulating cell processes such as the cell cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Therefore, their abnormal expression might lead to the occurrence and development of RSA. NcRNAs include small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer, RNA (tRNA), circular RNA (cRNA), and Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA). In this review, we discuss recent research that focused on the function and mechanism of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNA (circRNA) in regulating placental trophoblasts. The use of ncRNAs as potential diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in RSA is also discussed to provide future research insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Duan-Ying Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tai-Lang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
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Addo KA, Palakodety N, Hartwell HJ, Tingare A, Fry RC. Placental microRNAs: Responders to environmental chemicals and mediators of pathophysiology of the human placenta. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1046-1056. [PMID: 32913718 PMCID: PMC7472806 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic modifiers that play an important role in the regulation of the expression of genes across the genome. miRNAs are expressed in the placenta as well as other organs, and are involved in several biological processes including the regulation of trophoblast differentiation, migration, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and cellular metabolism. Related to their role in disease process, miRNAs have been shown to be differentially expressed between normal placentas and placentas obtained from women with pregnancy/health complications such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and obesity. This dysregulation indicates that miRNAs in the placenta likely play important roles in the pathogenesis of diseases during pregnancy. Furthermore, miRNAs in the placenta are susceptible to altered expression in relation to exposure to environmental toxicants. With relevance to the placenta, the dysregulation of miRNAs in both placenta and blood has been associated with maternal exposures to several toxicants. In this review, we provide a summary of miRNAs that have been assessed in the context of human pregnancy-related diseases and in relation to exposure to environmental toxicants in the placenta. Where data are available, miRNAs are discussed in their context as biomarkers of exposure and/or disease, with comparisons made across-tissue types, and conservation across studies detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezia A. Addo
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Niharika Palakodety
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hadley J. Hartwell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aishani Tingare
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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The Role of LIN28- let-7-ARID3B Pathway in Placental Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103637. [PMID: 32455665 PMCID: PMC7279312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental disorders are a major cause of pregnancy loss in humans, and 40–60% of embryos are lost between fertilization and birth. Successful embryo implantation and placental development requires rapid proliferation, invasion, and migration of trophoblast cells. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of molecular pathways involved in trophoblast function. A miRNA binds its target mRNA in the 3ʹ-untranslated region (3ʹ-UTR), causing its degradation or translational repression. Lethal-7 (let-7) miRNAs induce cell differentiation and reduce cell proliferation by targeting proliferation-associated genes. The oncoprotein LIN28 represses the biogenesis of mature let-7 miRNAs. Proliferating cells have high LIN28 and low let-7 miRNAs, whereas differentiating cells have low LIN28 and high let-7 miRNAs. In placenta, low LIN28 and high let-7 miRNAs can lead to reduced proliferation of trophoblast cells, resulting in abnormal placental development. In trophoblast cells, let-7 miRNAs reduce the expression of proliferation factors either directly by binding their mRNA in 3ʹ-UTR or indirectly by targeting the AT-rich interaction domain (ARID)3B complex, a transcription-activating complex comprised of ARID3A, ARID3B, and histone demethylase 4C (KDM4C). In this review, we discuss regulation of trophoblast function by miRNAs, focusing on the role of LIN28-let-7-ARID3B pathway in placental development.
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