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Tokushige H, Kobayashi M, Iimori M, Ito H, Ueshiba H, Urayama S, Kurimoto S. Inhalation injury in 11 Thoroughbred racehorses: Clinical course on bronchoscopy, treatment and postinjury racing performance. EQUINE VET EDUC 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Tokushige
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association Ritto Shiga Japan
| | - Minoru Kobayashi
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association Ritto Shiga Japan
| | - Mai Iimori
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association Ritto Shiga Japan
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association Miho Inashiki, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hiroki Ueshiba
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association Ritto Shiga Japan
| | - Shuntaro Urayama
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association Ritto Shiga Japan
| | - Shinjiro Kurimoto
- Epizootic Prevention Section, Equine Department Japan Racing Association Minato Tokyo Japan
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Bousquet-Mélou A, Schneider M, El Garch F, Broussou DC, Ferran AA, Lallemand EA, Triboulloy C, Damborg P, Toutain PL. Determination of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cut-off values of marbofloxacin in horses to support the establishment of a clinical breakpoint for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Equine Vet J 2020; 53:1047-1055. [PMID: 33169427 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marbofloxacin (MBX), a fluoroquinolone (FQ), is considered as a critical antibiotic requiring antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for prudent use. No clinical breakpoint (CBP) currently exists to interpret the results of such tests in horses. OBJECTIVES To compute PK/PD cut-offs (PK/PDCO ) that is one of the three minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) considered establishing a CBP for antimicrobial susceptibility test interpretation. STUDY DESIGN A meta-analysis conducted by combining five sets of previously published pharmacokinetic data, obtained in clinical and nonclinical settings. METHODS Horses (n = 131) received MBX intravenously at doses of either 2 or 10 mg/kg BW. They were richly sampled (five or six samples per horse). A population model was built to generate a virtual population of 5000 MBX disposition curves by Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) over 24 hours. The selected PK/PD index was the ratio of Area Under the free plasma concentration-time Curve divided by the MIC (fAUC/MIC). The PK/PDCO , which is the highest MIC for which 90% of horses can achieve an a priori selected critical value for the numerical value of the PK/PD index, was established for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for a dose of 2 mg/kg. RESULTS The PK/PDCO of MBX in horses was 0.125 mg/L for Gram-positive pathogens and 0.0625 mg/L for Gram-negative pathogens. MBX MICs determined by broth microdilution for 54 Escherichia coli and 189 Streptococcus equi isolates are reported. MAIN LIMITATION No clinical data are taken into account in the determination of a PK/PDco . CONCLUSION The computed PK/PDco predicts that MBX may be efficacious in horses to treat infections associated with Enterobacteriaceae but unlikely to those involving Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus equi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Schneider
- Vétoquinol, Global Drug Development Division, Lure Cedex, France
| | - Farid El Garch
- Vétoquinol, Global Drug Development Division, Lure Cedex, France
| | - Diane C Broussou
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France.,Vétoquinol, Global Drug Development Division, Lure Cedex, France
| | - Aude A Ferran
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Cyrielle Triboulloy
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Peter Damborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pierre-Louis Toutain
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France.,The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Campus, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
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3
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Poapolathep S, Laovechprasit W, Giorgi M, Monanunsap S, Klangkaew N, Phaochoosak N, Kongchandee P, Poapolathep A. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) following intravenous and intramuscular administration at two dosage rates. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2019; 43:215-221. [PMID: 31851387 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Limited pharmacokinetic information to establish suitable therapeutic plans is available for green sea turtles. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of marbofloxacin (MBF) in the green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas, following single intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration at two dosages of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 hr. MBF in plasma was extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MBF was quantifiable from 15 min to 96 hr after i.v. and i.m. administrations at two dose rates. A noncompartmental model was used to fit the plasma concentration of MBF versus time curve for each green sea turtle. The t1/2λz value, similar for both the dosages (22-28 hr), indicated that the overall rate of elimination of MBF in green sea turtles is relatively slow. The average i.m. F% ranged 88%-103%. MBF is a concentration-dependent drug and the AUC/MIC ratio is the best PK/PD predictor for its efficacy. The MBF dosage of 4 mg/kg appeared to produce an appropriate value of the PK-PD surrogate that predicts antibacterial success for disease caused by susceptible bacteria. In contrast, i.m. administration of MBF at a dosage of 2 mg/kg b.w. was not found to produce a suitable PK-PD surrogate index. However, further studies of multiple doses and plasma binding proteins are warranted to confirm an appropriate dosage regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Somchai Monanunsap
- Eastern Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Narumol Klangkaew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napasorn Phaochoosak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Petcharat Kongchandee
- Eastern Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Amnart Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Donkeys and mules show several pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic idiosyncrasies that have to be fully considered by any clinician dealing with these species. Because they possess an increased metabolic rate and cellular water content compared with horses, higher doses (or shorter dosing intervals) are usually recommended for those drugs where pharmacologic studies have been performed. Nonetheless, owing to the lack of species-specific information, this assumption cannot be arbitrarily applied. Thus, when a drug protocol published for horses is extrapolated to a donkey or a mule, a close monitoring is required to detect any secondary effect or subdosing.
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5
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Sánchez Larrañaga J, Kreil V, Esmoris S, Veksler Hess J, Ambros L. Marbofloxacin pharmacokinetics in goats during the lactation. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Li Q, Ding Y, Gao Y, Zhang F, Zhu H, Ding M. Effects of TNFR1 gene silencing on early apoptosis of marbofloxacin-treated chondrocytes from juvenile dogs. Toxicology 2019; 422:53-59. [PMID: 31005593 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Quinolones (QNs)-induced cartilaginous lesions in juvenile animals by chondrocyte apoptosis is an important toxic effect, which results in the restriction of their use in pediatrics. However, limited data about QNs chondrotoxicity are available for evaluation of the potential toxicity in both animals and human cartilage. To explore whether tumor necrosis factor/its receptor (TNF/TNFR1) signaling pathway is involved in the early apoptosis of marbofloxacin-induced chondrocytes, canine juvenile chondrocytes were treated with 0, 20, 50 and 100 μg/mL marbofloxacin. Results showed that the apoptosis rates of the chondrocytes at 2, 8 and 24 h were significantly increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of apoptosis-related factors in TNF/TNFR1 signaling pathways and the protein levels of TNFα and TNFR1 were increased in canine chondrocytes treated with 20-100 μg/mL marbofloxacin (P < 0.05) while TNFR1 gene silencing significantly decreased the chondrocyte apoptosis and inhibited the mRNA expression of TNF/TNFR1 downstream signaling molecules after 100 μg/mL marbofloxacin treatment at 8 h (P < 0.01). It was confirmed that activated TNF/TNFR1 signaling pathway may play a leading role in the early apoptosis of marbofloxacin-induced canine juvenile chondrocytes, which is helpful for clinical estimation or prevention of the risk of QNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Futao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mingxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Compounds commonly used in equine medicine inhibits the voltage-gated potassium channel K v11.1. Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:239-246. [PMID: 30685649 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The voltage-gated K+-channel Kv11.1 has a central role in cardiac repolarization. Blockage of Kv11.1 has been linked to severe cardiovascular side effects, such as acquired long QT syndrome (aLQTS), torsade de pointes arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Kv11.1 is susceptible to unspecific drug interactions due to the presence of two aromatic amino acids residing in the inner vestibule of the pore. These aromatic residues are also present in the equine orthologue of Kv11.1. This suggests that equine Kv11.1 may also be prone to high-affinity block by a range of different chemical entities, which potentially could cause severe cardiac side effects and SCD in horses. AIM To screen a series of commonly used drugs in equine medicine for interaction with Kv11.1. METHODS High-throughput screening of selected compounds on human Kv11.1 expressed in a mammalian cell line was performed using an automated patch clamp system, the SyncroPatch 384PE (Nanion Technologies, Munich, Germany). Results were validated on equine Kv11.1 expressed in CHO-K1 cells by manual patch clamp. RESULTS Acepromazine maleat (IC50 = 0.5 μM) trimethoprim (IC50 = 100 μM), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (IC50 = 2 μM) and cyproheptadine hydrochloride (IC50 = 1.84 μM) inhibited equine Kv11.1 current at clinically relevant drug concentrations. CONCLUSION The results suggest that drug interaction with Kv11.1 can occur in horses and that some drugs potentially may induce repolarization disorders in horses.
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Altan F, Corum O, Corum DD, Atik O, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of marbofloxacin in lambs following administration of intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Celani G, Tulini SMR, Montesano C, Zezza D, Sergi M, Varasano V, Mortellaro CM, Compagnone D, Amorena M, Petrizzi L. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin administered via intravenous regional limb perfusion in dairy cows: evaluation of two different tourniquets. Vet Rec Open 2017; 4:e000227. [PMID: 29018533 PMCID: PMC5623333 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2017-000227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated synovial and systemic plasma pharmacokinetic variables of marbofloxacin after a single intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) performed using two different tourniquets in clinically healthy, standing, non-sedated dairy cows. The authors hypothesised that the type of tourniquet used for IVRLP would influence the synovial fluid concentration of marbofloxacin in the perfused distal limb. Design The study had a randomised parallel-group design. Methods Ten adult dairy cows were included. Unilateral hindlimb IVRLP through the dorsal common digital III vein was performed in two groups of five cows (group 1: wide rubber tourniquet; group 2: manual pneumatic tourniquet) using 0.67 mg/kg of marbofloxacin. The tourniquet was applied proximal to the tarsus and maintained for 30 minutes. Samples of jugular blood and synovial fluid from the tibiotarsal joints of the perfused limb were obtained before and at intervals after IVRLP. All samples were analysed for drug concentrations using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined to establish the influence of tourniquet types. Differences were considered significant at P≤0.05. Results No adverse effects from the procedure or marbofloxacin were observed in any animal. Significant differences in synovial concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters were measured. The mean ± sd areas under the concentration versus time curve from time 0 to 24 hours were 178.98±58.08 µg hour/ml for group 2 and 21.11±9.93 µg hour/ml for group 1. The mean ± sd maximum marbofloxacin concentrations were 75.50±10.19 µg/ml for group 2 and 6.35±1.47 µg/ml for group 1. Conclusions Performing IVRLP using the dorsal common digital III vein and a manual pneumatic tourniquet set at 300 mmHg above the tarsus in standing cows resulted in significantly higher marbofloxacin concentrations in the tibiotarsal joint compared with those with the wide rubber tourniquet. Trial registration Local ethical committee (number 41/2012/CEISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Celani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Serena Maria Rita Tulini
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Zezza
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Varasano
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Michele Amorena
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lucio Petrizzi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Abstract
This article discusses the benefits and limitations of inhalation therapy in horses. Inhalation drug therapy delivers the drug directly to the airways, thereby achieving maximal drug concentrations at the target site. Inhalation therapy has the additional advantage of decreasing systemic side effects. Inhalation therapy in horses is delivered by the use of nebulizers or pressured metered dose inhalers. It also requires the use of a muzzle or nasal mask in horses. Drugs most commonly delivered through inhalation drug therapy in horses include bronchodilators, antiinflammatories, and antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy L Cha
- Kulshan Veterinary Hospital, 8880 Benson Rd, Lynden, WA 98264, USA
| | - Lais R R Costa
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Dahan R, Britzi M, Sutton GA, Sorek S, Kelmer G. Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Properties of a Combination of Marbofloxacin and Imipenem Administered by Regional Limb Perfusion to Standing Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Marbofloxacin in Pig against Korean Local Isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2469826. [PMID: 28484709 PMCID: PMC5397649 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2469826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in pigs after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), and peroral (p.o.) administration and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices of this drug against Korean local isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were determined in this study. Marbofloxacin (2.50 mg/kg of body weight) was administered, and blood samples were collected with designated time intervals. Plasma-extracted marbofloxacin was injected into the LC-MS/MS system. The in vitro and ex vivo antibacterial activities of marbofloxacin were evaluated against 20 isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae. The mean peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) after i.v., i.m., and p.o administration were 2.60 ± 0.10, 2.59 ± 0.12, and 2.34 ± 0.12 µg/mL at 0.25 ± 0.00, 0.44 ± 0.10, and 1.58 ± 0.40 h, respectively. The area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC0–24) and elimination half-lives were 24.80 ± 0.90, 25.80 ± 1.40, and 23.40 ± 5.00 h·μg/mL and 8.60 ± 0.30, 12.80 ± 1.10, and 8.60 ± 0.00 h, for i.v., i.m., and p.o. administration, correspondingly. The AUC0–24/MICs of marbofloxacin after i.v., i.m., and p.o. administration were 253.86 ± 179.91, 264.1 ± 187.16, and 239.53 ± 169.75 h, respectively. The Cmax/MIC values were 26.58 ± 18.84, 26.48 ± 18.77, and 23.94 ± 16.97, and T>MICs were 42.80 ± 1.01, 36.40 ± 1.24, and 38.60 ± 1.18 h, after i.v., i.m., and p.o. administration, respectively. Thus, marbofloxacin dosage of 2.50 mg/kg of body weight by i.v., i.m., and p.o. administration with 24 h dosing interval will provide effective treatment for the infection of pig by A. pleuropneumonia.
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Akiyama K, Takebe N, Nakai K, Korosue K, Ishimaru M, Tsuzuki N, Hobo S. Comparison of the Occurrence of Transportation-associated Fever in 2 Years Old Thoroughbreds before and after Introduction of Prophylactic Marbofloxacin Administration. J Equine Sci 2014; 25:79-81. [PMID: 25558181 PMCID: PMC4266755 DOI: 10.1294/jes.25.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reveal the preventive effect of marbofloxacin (MRFX) administration just before transportation, we compared the
occurrence of transportation-associated fever before and after introduction of MRFX administration. After the introduction of
prophylactic MRFX administration, the rectal temperatures of horses after transportation were significantly lower than before the
introduction of MRFX administration (P<0.01) and the number of febrile horses was significantly lower than before the
introduction of MRFX administration (P<0.01). In conclusion, these results show that prophylactic MRFX administration just
before transportation is clinically effective at preventing transportation-associated fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Takeru Tsuchiya
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Naoya Takebe
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakai
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Nao Tsuzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 880-0036, Japan
| | - Seiji Hobo
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Yohannes S, Awji EG, Lee SJ, Park SC. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of marbofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administration in beagle dogs. Xenobiotica 2014; 45:264-9. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2014.969794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Omura T, Nakai K, Korosue K, Ishimaru M, Ishikawa Y, Hobo S. Effects of pre-shipping marbofloxacin administration on fever and blood properties in healthy Thoroughbreds transported a long distance. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:75-9. [PMID: 25720808 PMCID: PMC4349540 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated
the effects of single-dose marbofloxacin in protecting horses against fever associated
with transportation using 48 healthy Thoroughbreds. All horses were premedicated with
interferon-α (0.5 U/kg, sublingually, every 24 hr) for 2 days before transportation and on
the day of transportation. Horses were randomly assigned to receive marbofloxacin (2
mg/kg, IV, once; MRFX group), enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg, IV, once; ERFX group) or saline (0.9%
NaCl) solution (10 ml, IV, once; control group) ≤1 hr before being
transportation. Each group contained 16 horses (8 males, 8 females). Horses were
transported 1,210 km using commercial vans over the course of approximately 26 hr.
Clinical examinations and hematologic analyses were performed on all horses both before
and after transportation. Post-transportation neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were
significantly lower in horses in the MRFX group compared with the control horses. The
serum amyloid A levels were significantly lower in horses in the MRFX group and ERFX group
compared with the control horses. Regarding the post-transportation rectal temperatures,
fever was detected in 0 horses and 1 horse in the MRFX and ERFX groups, respectively,
whereas fevers exceeding 39.1°C were detected in 2 horses in the control group.
Additionally, the number of essential post-transportation treatments provided by
veterinarians was reduced 3-fold in the MRFX and ERFX groups compared with the saline
group. MRFX provided ERFX-like protection against fever associated with long-distance
transportation, yielding significantly better protection than saline. Administration of
MRFX just before transportation deserves a further study for efficacy in preventing horse
fever associated with transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa-cho, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171 Japan
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Lopez BS, Giguère S, Berghaus LJ, Mullins MA, Davis JL. Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and N
-desmethyldanofloxacin in adult horses and their concentration in synovial fluid. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2014; 38:123-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. S. Lopez
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; University of Georgia; Athens GA USA
| | - S. Giguère
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; University of Georgia; Athens GA USA
| | - L. J. Berghaus
- Department of Large Animal Medicine; University of Georgia; Athens GA USA
| | | | - J. L. Davis
- Department of Clinical Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
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Lallemand E, Trencart P, Tahier C, Dron F, Paulin A, Tessier C. Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Local Tolerance at Injection Site of Marbofloxacin Administered by Regional Intravenous Limb Perfusion in Standing Horses. Vet Surg 2013; 42:649-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2013.12030.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Lallemand
- Department of Equine Surgery; ONIRIS Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes; France
| | | | - Carine Tahier
- Department of Diagnostic Medical Imaging; ONIRIS Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes; France
| | | | | | - Caroline Tessier
- Department of Equine Surgery; ONIRIS Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes; France
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Tohamy M, El-Gendy A. Some pharmacokinetic aspects and bioavailability of marbofloxacin in foals. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Sekkin S, Gokbulut C, Kum C, Karademir U. Plasma disposition of enrofloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular administration in donkeys. Vet Rec 2012; 171:447. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sekkin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Adnan Menderes; Bati Kampusu Aydin Turkey
| | - C. Gokbulut
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Adnan Menderes; Bati Kampusu Aydin Turkey
| | - C. Kum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Adnan Menderes; Bati Kampusu Aydin Turkey
| | - U. Karademir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Adnan Menderes; Bati Kampusu Aydin Turkey
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Rubio-Langre S, De Lucas JJ, Litterio NJ, Aguilar S, Boggio JC, San Andrés MI. Pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin after intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular administrations in llamas (Lama glama). Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Garcia-Montijano M, de Lucas JJ, Rodríguez C, González F, Andrés MIS, Waxman S. Marbofloxacin Disposition After Intravenous Administration of a Single Dose in Wild Mallard Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). J Avian Med Surg 2012; 26:6-10. [DOI: 10.1647/2011-007.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Lüders C, Baroni EE, Rubio S, De Lucas JJ, Díaz DC, San Andrés MI. Pharmacokinetic behavior and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices of marbofloxacin after intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular administrations in buffalo calves (<10 days old). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 35:301-4. [PMID: 21812790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lüders
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Casilla 15D, Temuco, Chile
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24
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Disposition of marbofloxacin in vulture (Gyps fulvus) after intravenous administration of a single dose. Res Vet Sci 2011; 90:288-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Ding H, Li Y, Chen Z, Rizwan-ul-Haq M, Zeng Z. Plasma and tissue cage fluid pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after intravenous, intramuscular, and oral single-dose application in pigs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33:507-10. [PMID: 20860103 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01164.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Ding
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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GRIFFITH JE, HIGGINS DP, LI KM, KROCKENBERGER MB, GOVENDIR M. Absorption of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin after oral and subcutaneous administration in diseased koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2010; 33:595-604. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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KUM C, GOKBULUT C, SEKKIN S, BOYACIOGLU M. Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular administration in donkeys. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2009; 32:105-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.01002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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GOUDAH A, ABO EL-SOOUD K, SHIM JH, SHIN HC, ABD EL-ATY AM. Characterization of the pharmacokinetic disposition of levofloxacin in stallions after intravenous and intramuscular administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2008; 31:399-405. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Cox SK. Allometric scaling of marbofloxacin, moxifloxacin, danofloxacin and difloxacin pharmacokinetics: a retrospective analysis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2007; 30:381-6. [PMID: 17803728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the allometric analyses of marbofloxacin, moxifloxacin, danofloxacin and difloxacin using pharmacokinetic data from the literature. The parameters of interest (half-life, clearance and volume of distribution) were correlated across species as a function of body weight using an allometric approach (Y = aWb). Results of the allometric analysis indicated similarity between clearance and volume of distribution as they relate to body weight for all drugs. The elimination half-life was independent of body mass for all fluoroquinolones except moxifloxacin. Results of the analysis suggest that allometric scaling can be used as a tool for predicting pharmacokinetic parameters for fluoroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Cox
- Department of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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30
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Voermans M, van Soest JM, van Duijkeren E, Ensink JM. Clinical efficacy of intravenous administration of marbofloxacin in a Staphylococcus aureus infection in tissue cages in ponies. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006; 29:555-60. [PMID: 17083460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue cages (TC), implanted subcutaneously in the neck in eight ponies, were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to determine the clinical efficacy of marbofloxacin in the treatment of this infection. From 21 h after inoculation, marbofloxacin (6 mg/kg) was administered intravenously (i.v.) once daily for 7 days. Samples of the tissue cage fluid (TCF) were taken to determine marbofloxacin concentrations (days 1, 3 and 7), using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and numbers of viable bacteria [colony forming units (CFU)] (days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21). Statistical analysis was used to compare CFU before and after treatment. Clinical signs and CFU were used to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Although, there was a slight decrease in CFU in all TC initially, the infection was not eliminated by marbofloxacin treatment in any of the ponies and abscesses formed. As the MIC (0.25 microg/mL) did not change during treatment and the concentration of marbofloxacin during treatment (mean concentration in TCF was 0.89 microg/mL on day 1, 0.80 microg/mL on day 3 and 2.77 microg/mL on day 7) was above MIC, we consider that the treatment failure might be attributable to the formation of a biofilm by S. aureus. Based on the present results, i.v. administration of marbofloxacin alone is not suitable for the elimination of S. aureus infections from secluded sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Voermans
- Dierenkliniek de Morette, Asse, Belgium.
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31
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Peyrou M, Bousquet-Melou A, Laroute V, Vrins A, Doucet MY. Enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin in horses: comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters, use of urinary and metabolite data to estimate first-pass effect and absorbed fraction. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006; 29:337-44. [PMID: 16958777 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin are two veterinary fluoroquinolones used to treat severe bacterial infections in horses. A repeated measures study has been designed to compare their pharmacokinetic parameters, to investigate their bioavailability and to estimate their absorbed fraction and first-pass effect by using plasma, urinary and metabolite data collected from five healthy mares. Clearance and V(d(ss)) were greater for enrofloxacin (mean +/- SD = 6.34 +/- 1.5 mL/min/kg and 2.32 +/- 0.32 L/kg, respectively) than for marbofloxacin (4.62 +/- 0.67 mL/min/kg and 1.6 +/- 0.25 L/kg, respectively). Variance of the AUC(0-inf) of marbofloxacin was lower than that for enrofloxacin, with, respectively, a CV = 15% and 26% intravenously and a CV = 31% and 55% after oral administration. Mean oral bioavailability was not significantly different between marbofloxacin (59%) and enrofloxacin (55%). The mean percentage of the dose eliminated unchanged in urine was significantly higher for marbofloxacin (39.7%) than that for enrofloxacin (3.4%). Absorbed fraction and first-pass effect were only determinable for enrofloxacin, whereas the percentage of the dose absorbed in the portal circulation was estimated to be 78% and the fraction not extracted during the first pass through the liver was 65%. Consequently, the moderate observed bioavailability of enrofloxacin appears to be mainly caused by hepatic first-pass effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peyrou
- Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
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32
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Dova SW, San Andrés MD, González F, San Andrés MI, De Lucas JJ, Rodríguez C. Pharmacokinetic behavior and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of marbofloxacin after subcutaneous administration in goats. Vet J 2006; 174:425-7. [PMID: 16807010 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2006] [Revised: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin was studied in goats after single-dose subcutaneous (SC) administration of 2mg/kg bodyweight. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and the data obtained were subjected to non-compartmental kinetic analysis. Marbofloxacin peak plasma concentration (C(max)=1.77+/-0.24microg/mL) was reached 1.25+/-0.50h (T(max)) after SC administration. The elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) and area under curve (AUC) were 5.74+/-1.21h and 8.15 vs 2.33microg h/mL, respectively. Taking into account the values obtained for the efficacy indices, it was concluded that a SC dose of 2mg/kg/24h of marbofloxacin could be adequate to treat infections caused by high susceptible bacteria like Escherichia coli or Salmonella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Waxman Dova
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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33
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Davis JL, Papich MG, Weingarten A. The pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in the horse following oral and intravenous administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006; 29:191-7. [PMID: 16669863 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and physicochemical characteristics of orbifloxacin in the horse. Six healthy adult horses were administered oral and intravenous orbifloxacin at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Plasma samples were collected and analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Plasma protein binding and lipophilicity were determined in vitro. Following i.v. administration, orbifloxacin had a terminal half-life (t1/2) of 5.08 h and a volume of distribution (V(d(SS))) of 1.58 L/kg. Following oral administration, the average maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 1.25 microg/mL with a t1/2 of 3.42 h. Systemic bioavailability was 68.35%. Plasma protein binding was 20.64%. The octanol:water partition coefficient (pH 7.4) was 0.2 +/- 0.11. No adverse reactions were noted during this study. Dosage regimens were determined from the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters established for fluoroquinolone antibiotics. For susceptible bacteria, an oral dose of approximately 5 mg/kg once daily will produce plasma concentrations within the suggested range. This dose is suggested for further studies on the clinical efficacy of orbifloxacin for treatment of susceptible bacterial infections in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Davis
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
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34
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Garcia-Montijano M, Waxman S, Lucas JJD, Luaces I, Zalba J, González F, Andrés MIS, Rodríguez C. The pharmacokinetic behaviour of marbofloxacin in Eurasian buzzards (Buteo buteo) after intraosseous administration. Vet J 2006; 171:551-5. [PMID: 16624724 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the administration of a single dose of marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg) to five adult Eurasian buzzards (Buteo buteo) by the intraosseous (IO) route, which has been proposed as a rapid and efficient means for the parenteral delivery of antimicrobial drugs. The drug was rapidly absorbed. Peak marbofloxacin concentration (C(max)) in plasma and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 1.92+/-0.78 microg/mL and 8.53+/-2.73 microg h/mL, respectively. The time marbofloxacin remained in the plasma after IO administration was relatively short (elimination half-life, t(1/2beta)=4.91+/-0.65 h; mean residence time (MRT)=5.38+/-0.57 h). Single dose marbofloxacin gave values for C(max)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 19.2 and an AUC/MIC value of 85.3h after IO administration. The IO route appears to be practical and effective for the rapid delivery of marbofloxacin to buzzards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Garcia-Montijano
- AULAGA, Centro de Cria del Aguila Imperial, Ibérica Quintos de Mora, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Toledo, Spain
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35
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Martinez M, McDermott P, Walker R. Pharmacology of the fluoroquinolones: a perspective for the use in domestic animals. Vet J 2005; 172:10-28. [PMID: 16154368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The fluoroquinolones are a class of compounds that comprise a large and expanding group of synthetic antimicrobial agents. Structurally, all fluoroquinolones contain a fluorine molecule at the 6-position of the basic quinolone nucleus. Despite the basic similarity in the core structure of these molecules, their physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic characteristics and microbial activities can vary markedly across compounds. The first of the fluoroquinolones approved for use in animals, enrofloxacin, was approved in the late 1980s. Since then, five other fluoroquinolones have been marketed for use in animals in the United States, with others currently under investigation. This review focuses on the use of fluoroquinolones within veterinary medicine, providing an overview of the structure-activity relationship of the various members of the group, the clinical uses of fluoroquinolones in veterinary medicine, their pharmacokinetics and potential interspecies differences, an overview of the current understanding of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships associated with fluoroquinolones, a summary of toxicities that have been associated with this class of compounds, their use in both in human and veterinary species, mechanisms associated with the development of microbial resistance to the fluoroquinolones, and a discussion of fluoroquinolone dose optimization. Although the review contains a large body of basic research information, it is intended that the contents of this review have relevance to both the research scientist and the veterinary medical practitioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Martinez
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
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36
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Albarellos GA, Montoya L, Landoni MF. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after single intravenous and repeat oral administration to cats. Vet J 2005; 170:222-9. [PMID: 16129342 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic properties of marbofloxacin, a third generation fluoroquinolone, were investigated in six cats after single intravenous (IV) and repeat oral (PO) administration at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg. Marbofloxacin serum concentration was analysed by microbiological assay using Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 as micro-organism test. Serum marbofloxacin disposition was best described by bicompartmental and mono-compartmental open models with first-order elimination after IV and oral dosing respectively. After IV administration, distribution was rapid (T(1/2(d)) 0.23+/-0.24 h) and wide, as reflected by the steady-state volume of distribution of 1.01+/-0.15 L/kg. Elimination from the body was slow with a body clearance of 0.09+/-0.02 L/h kg and a T(1/2) of 7.98+/-0.57 h. After repeat oral administration, absorption half-life was 0.86+/-1.59 h and T(max) of 1.94+/-2.11 h. Bioavailability was almost complete (99+/-29%) with a peak plasma concentration at the steady-state of 1.97+/-0.61 mug/mL. Drug accumulation was not significant after six oral administrations. Calculation of efficacy predictors showed that marbofloxacin has good therapeutic profile against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with a MIC(50) value <0.25 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Albarellos
- Area de Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiopatología y Etiopatogenia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarín 280 (1427), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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37
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Peyrou M, Doucet MY, Vrins A, Concordet D, Schneider M, Bousquet-Mélou A. Population pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in horses: preliminary analysis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2005; 27:283-8. [PMID: 15500564 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2004.00591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Population pharmacokinetic of marbofloxacin was investigated on 21 healthy and 16 diseased horses to assess interindividual variability of drug exposure. Demographic, physiologic and disease covariables were tested using mixed effects models. As a preliminary analysis, this study has demonstrated that none of the tested covariables were significant in regression models for compartmental volumes or clearance of distribution, but the clinical status of the horse (healthy/diseased) was a significant covariable (P < 0.01) for systemic clearance. Clearance had a lower mean and a higher variance for diseased horses than healthy horses, with respectively a mean of 0.209 and 0.284 L/h/kg and a coefficient of variation of 52 and 15%. Consequently, variability of AUC was greater in diseased horses. Considering an AUC/MIC ratio below 60 h as a prediction of poor efficacy, a dosage regimen of 2 mg/kg intravenous was deemed to be inadequate for 19% of diseased horses if the MIC of the bacteria was 0.1 microg/mL. However 93% of diseased horses could achieve a ratio above 125 h, predicting a very good efficacy, for the MIC(90) of Enterobacteriacae (0.027 microg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peyrou
- Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Faculté de médicine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
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38
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Schneider M, Vallé M, Woehrlé F, Boisramé B. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in lactating cows after repeated intramuscular administrations and pharmacodynamics against mastitis isolated strains. J Dairy Sci 2004; 87:202-11. [PMID: 14765828 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The plasma and milk pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibacterial compound, were evaluated in dairy cows, as well as its pharmacodynamic characteristics against mastitis-isolated pathogens. Marbofloxacin was given intramuscularly as a 10% aqueous solution to dairy cows either at a single dose or at repeated doses of 2 mg/kg once daily for 3 d. Blood and milk samples were collected for the determination of the concentration of marbofloxacin and of its putative metabolites: N-desmethyl-marbofloxacin and N-oxide-marbofloxacin. Bacterial field isolates were from milk samples collected from dairy cows suspected of having an intramammary infection. After identification, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against the isolated strains. The maximal marbofloxacin concentration (Cmax) observed in milk after the first administration was 1.024 microg/mL, and the area under the curve during the first dosing interval was 6.513 microg/h per milliliter. After the third administration, these parameters were slightly increased (about 20% at most). Both metabolites were detected in the milk, but their concentrations were below the limit of quantification. The MIC against 90% of the population (MIC90) of Escherichia coli was 0.016 microg/mL, and it was 0.229 microg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. The following surrogate clinical outcome markers were obtained against E. coli strains: a Cmax/MIC ratio of 67 and an area under the curve/MIC ratio of 407 h. Hence, a possible efficacy of marbofloxacin in the treatment of E. coli-induced mastitis could be expected as the endpoints of 10 and 250 h, respectively, are reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schneider
- Vétoquinol, R&D Department, B.P. 189, 70204 Lure, France.
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39
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Waxman S, San Andrés MD, González F, San Andrés MI, De Lucas JJ, Rodríguez C. Age-related changes in the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after intravenous administration in goats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2004; 27:31-5. [PMID: 14995964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2004.00548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was studied in adult goats and 1-, 3- and 6-weeks-old kids after single dose i.v. dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the data collected were subjected to compartmental kinetic analysis. Volume of distribution was relatively high in adult goats (Vss = 1.31 L/kg), and increased with age (Vss = 0.92 L/kg, 0.95 L/kg and 1.00 L/kg, in 1-, 3- and 6-weeks-old kids respectively). Total body clearance (Cl) also increased with age from 0.080 L/kg.h (1-week-old) to 0.097 L/kg.h (3-weeks-old), 0.18 L/kg.h (6-weeks-old) and 0.23 L/kg.h (adult goats). As a consequence of increased body Cl, area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve decreased with age (AUC = 27.46 microg.h/mL, 22.61 microg.h/mL, 11.86 microg.h/mL and 8.44 microg.h/mL in 1-, 3-, 6-weeks-old kids and adults, respectively) and a longer elimination half-life was found during the first 3 weeks of age (t1/2beta = 9.66 h, 8.25 h, 6.44 h and 7.18 h, in 1-, 3-, 6-weeks-old kids and adults, respectively). Mean residence time decreased with age from 11.86 h in 1-week-old kids to 9.63 h (3 weeks), 5.76 h (6 weeks) and 5.06 h in adult goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Waxman
- Department of Pharmacology, Veterinary Sciences Faculty, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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40
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García-Montijano M, González F, Waxman S, Sánchez C, de Lucas JJ, San Andrés M, Rodríguez C. Pharmacokinetics of Marbofloxacin After Oral Administration to Eurasian Buzzards (Buteo buteo). J Avian Med Surg 2003. [DOI: 10.1647/2001-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Abstract
Antibiotics will always be needed in horses for many types of infections, but the adverse consequences also must be considered. For the conditions described in this article, there is justification for antibiotic therapy. The intestinal problems that antibiotics can induce are among the risks from their administration to horses. Disruption of the endogenous bacterial population, colitis, and diarrhea are the most common complications from antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Papich
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
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42
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Waxman S, San Andrés MD, González F, De Lucas JJ, San Andrés MI, Rodríguez C. Influence of Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced fever on the pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin after intravenous administration in goats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2003; 26:65-9. [PMID: 12603777 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2003.00462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin was studied in seven healthy goats and in the same goats with induced fever after single-dose intravenous (i.v.) administration of 2 mg/kg b.w. Fever was induced by the administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Drug distribution was somehow altered by fever as febrile goats showed a volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss = 0.72 +/- 0.15 L/kg) lower than normal goats (Vss = 1.19 +/- 0.33 L/kg). The elimination of the drug was also modified. Total plasma clearance (Cl) decreased from 0.24 +/- 0.12 L/kg/h in healthy animals to 0.13 +/- 0.05 L/kg/h in animals with endotoxin-induced fever, which is related to an increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC). Consequently, mean residence time (MRT) was also slightly increased in sick animals (MRT = 5.28 +/- 00.99 and 6.09 +/- 01.45 h, in healthy and febrile animals, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Waxman
- Department of Pharmacology, Veterinary Sciences Faculty, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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