1
|
Vasconcelos L, Dias LG, Leite A, Pereira E, Silva S, Ferreira I, Mateo J, Rodrigues S, Teixeira A. Contribution to Characterizing the Meat Quality of Protected Designation of Origin Serrana and Preta de Montesinho Kids Using the Near-Infrared Reflectance Methodology. Foods 2024; 13:1581. [PMID: 38790881 PMCID: PMC11121219 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to describe and compare the meat quality characteristics of male and female kids from the "Serrana" and "Preta de Montesinho" breeds certified as "Cabrito Transmontano" and reinforce the performance of near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra in predicting these quality characteristics and discriminating among breeds. Samples of Longissimus thoracis (n = 32; sixteen per breed; eight males and eight females) were used. Breed significantly affected meat quality characteristics, with only color and fatty acid (FA) (C12:0) being influenced by sex. The meat of the "Serrana" breed proved to be more tender than that of the "Preta de Montesinho". However, the meat from the "Preta de Montesinho" breed showed higher intramuscular fat content and was lighter than that from the "Serrana" breed, which favors its quality of color and juiciness. The use of NIR with the linear support vector machine regression (SVMR) classification model demonstrated its capability to quantify meat quality characteristics such as pH, CIELab color, protein, moisture, ash, fat, texture, water-holding capacity, and lipid profile. Discriminant analysis was performed by dividing the sample spectra into calibration sets (75 percent) and prediction sets (25 percent) and applying the Kennard-Stone algorithm to the spectra. This resulted in 100% correct classifications with the training data and 96.7% accuracy with the test data. The test data showed acceptable estimation models with R2 > 0.99.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia Vasconcelos
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Vegazana S/N, 24007 León, Spain;
| | - Luís G. Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Leite
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Severiano Silva
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory of Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Iasmin Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Vegazana S/N, 24007 León, Spain;
| | - Javier Mateo
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Vegazana S/N, 24007 León, Spain;
| | - Sandra Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Teixeira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (L.V.); (L.G.D.); (A.L.); (E.P.); (I.F.); (S.R.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gawat M, Boland M, Singh J, Kaur L. Goat Meat: Production and Quality Attributes. Foods 2023; 12:3130. [PMID: 37628129 PMCID: PMC10453609 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Goat meat could be a sustainable source of red meat. Its farming requires minimal input, is suitable for free-range farming, and produces a healthier red meat option as it is lean. Although goat meat has advantages for meat production, it still needs to be established as a valuable part of the meat trade market. But, currently, goat meat production is less specialized; there is less intense breed selection for premium meat production, and often the animals are farmed with a multifunctional purpose, such as for their meat, fiber, and milk. The less structured goat meat industry contributes to the inconsistent quality of goat meat. This paper attempts to describe the characteristics of popular goat breeds and indigenous goats as a source of meat and the potential of various goat breeds for meat production. Additionally, this paper presents goat meat's quality and physicochemical and sensory attributes that are relevant to understanding the unique attributes of goat meat. Much work is needed for the goat meat processing industry to develop its potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariero Gawat
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (M.G.); (J.S.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Mike Boland
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Jaspreet Singh
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (M.G.); (J.S.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Lovedeep Kaur
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (M.G.); (J.S.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terminal Crossbreeding of Murciano-Granadina Goats with Boer Bucks: Characteristics of the Carcass and the Meat. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192548. [PMID: 36230290 PMCID: PMC9559626 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After verifying productive improvements from the crossbreeding (MB) of Boer males with females of the Murciano-Granadina (MG) breed, the aim of this work was to determine its consequences on the carcass and meat characteristics of suckling kids (9 kg of weight at slaughter) of both sexes. A total of 94 kids (25 purebred MG males, 19 purebred MG females, 25 crossed MB males and 25 crossed MB females) were used. It was found that MB kids reached slaughter weight at a younger age (44 ± 1 vs. 63 ± 1 days, p < 0.001). For carcass yield, the interaction genotype x sex was observed, where MB females presented a higher value (51.71 ± 0.34%) than the rest of the animals (MB males 50.53 ± 0.34, p < 0.05; MG males 50.60 ± 0.34, p < 0.05; MG females 49.62 ± 0.39, p < 0.001). MB kids had greater leg compactness, (36.28 ± 0.27 vs. 34.71 ± 0.29 g/cm, p < 0.001), slightly improved expensive carcass cuts (75.93 ± 0.31 vs. 74.77 ± 0.34%, p = 0.014) and higher muscle/bone (2.93 ± 0.03 vs. 2.76 ± 0.03, p < 0.001) and meat/bone ratios (3.56 ± 0.04 vs. 3.36 ± 0.04, p < 0.001) than MG kids. They also showed a somewhat more intense red colour (8.57 ± 0.25 vs. 7.74 ± 0.27, p = 0.027), higher colour saturation (9.06 ± 0.24 vs. 8.20 ± 0.26, p = 0.016) and less meat firmness (1.95 ± 0.08 vs. 2.23 ± 0.081 kg/cm2, p = 0.021). On the other hand, males had a slightly improved proportion of expensive cuts (75.98 ± 0.31 vs. 74.73 ± 0.34, p = 0.008), but their carcass contained a higher proportion of bone (22.16 ± 0.21 vs. 21.17 ± 0.17%; p < 0.001), a lower proportion of intermuscular fat (9.54 ± 0.24 vs. 10.93 ± 0.24, p < 0.001), a higher muscle/fat ratio (5.01 ± 0.10 vs. 4.41 ± 0.10, p < 0.001) and lower muscle/bone (2.80 ± 0.03 vs. 2.89 ± 0.03%, p = 0.016) and meat/bone ratios (3.36 ± 0.04 vs. 3.56 ± 0.04%, p < 0.001) than females. There were no sensory differences in any case. It is concluded that this crossbreeding strategy also improves the carcass and meat characteristics, making it a valid alternative to improve the productive results of MG dairy goat herds.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdelsattar M, Zhuang Y, Cui K, Bi Y, Zhang N. Predicting the Digestive Tract Development and Growth Performance of Goat Kids Using Sigmoidal Models. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:757. [PMID: 33801818 PMCID: PMC8001751 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from monogastric to rumination stage is crucial in ruminants' growth to avoid stressors-weaning and neonatal mortalities. Poor growth of the digestive tract could adversely affect the performance of the animal. Modeling informative growth curves is of great importance for a better understanding of the effective development pattern, in order to optimize feeding management system, and to achieve more production efficiency. However, little is known about the digestive tract growth curves. For this reason, one big goat farm of Laiwu black breed was chosen as a basis of this study. Forty-eight kids belonging to eight-time points (1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 d; 6 kids for each) were selected and slaughtered. The body weight, body size indices, rumen pH, and stomach parts were determined and fitted to the polynomial and sigmoidal models. In terms of goodness of fit criteria, the Gompertz model was the best model for body weight, body oblique length, tube, and rumen weight. Moreover, the Logistic model was the best model for carcass weight, body height, and chest circumference. In addition, the Quadratic model showed the best fit for dressing percentage, omasum weight, abomasum weight, and rumen volume. Moreover, the cubic model best fitted the ruminal pH and reticulum percentage. The Weibull model was the best model for the reticulum weight and omasum percentage, while the MMF model was the best model describing the growth of chest depth, rumen percentage, and abomasum percentage. The model parameters, R squared, inflection points, area under curve varied among the different dependent variables. The Pearson correlation showed that the digestive tract development was more correlated with age than body weight, but the other variables were more correlated with body weight than age. The study demonstrated the use of empirical sigmoidal and polynomial models to predict growth rates of the digestive tract at relevant age efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelsattar
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.A.); (Y.Z.); (K.C.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Yimin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.A.); (Y.Z.); (K.C.); (Y.B.)
| | - Kai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.A.); (Y.Z.); (K.C.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yanliang Bi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.A.); (Y.Z.); (K.C.); (Y.B.)
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.A.); (Y.Z.); (K.C.); (Y.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ripoll G, Alcalde MJ, Argüello A, Córdoba MDG, Panea B. Effect of Rearing System on the Straight and Branched Fatty Acids of Goat Milk and Meat of Suckling Kids. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040471. [PMID: 32283866 PMCID: PMC7230464 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat meat is considered healthy because it has fewer calories and fat than meat from other traditional meat species. It is also rich in branched chain fatty acids that have health advantages when consumed. We studied the effects of maternal milk and milk replacers fed to suckling kids of four breeds on the straight and branched fatty acid compositions of their muscle. In addition, the proximal and fatty acid compositions of colostrum and milk were studied. Goat colostrum had more protein and fat and less lactose than milk. Goat milk is an important source of healthy fatty acids such as C18:1 c9 and C18:2 n–6. Suckling kid meat was also an important source of C18:1c9. Dairy goat breeds had higher percentages of trans monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and most of the C18:1 isomers but lower amounts of total MUFAs than meat breeds. However, these dairy kids had meat with a lower percentage of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) than meat kids. The meat of kids fed natural milk had higher amounts of CLA and branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) and lower amounts of n–6 fatty acids than kids fed milk replacers. Both milk and meat are a source of linoleic, α-linolenic, docosahexaenoic, eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic fatty acids, which are essential fatty acids and healthy long-chain fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ripoll
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón–IA2–(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), C/Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Animal Production and Health Department, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Avda. Montañana, 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-716-452
| | - María Jesús Alcalde
- Department of Agroforesty Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Crta. Utrera, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Anastasio Argüello
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production and Science and Technology of Foods, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain;
| | - María de Guía Córdoba
- Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Begoña Panea
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón–IA2–(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), C/Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Animal Production and Health Department, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Avda. Montañana, 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ripoll G, Alcalde MJ, Córdoba MG, Casquete R, Argüello A, Ruiz-Moyano S, Panea B. Influence of the Use of Milk Replacers and pH on the Texture Profiles of Raw and Cooked Meat of Suckling Kids. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110589. [PMID: 31752365 PMCID: PMC6915584 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the texture profile of fresh and cooked longissimusthoracis et lumborum muscle from suckling kids raised with natural milk or milk replacers. Suckling male kids from eight goat breeds (Florida, FL; Cabra del Guadarrama, GU; Majorera, MA; Palmera, PL; Payoya, PY; Retinta, RE; Tinerfeña, TI; Verata, VE), all of single parturition, were raised with milk replacers (MR) or with natural milk from the dams (NM). The meat pH, Warner-Bratzler shear force, texture profile analysis and chemical composition were determined. Kids were clustered based on their pH by k-means clustering. The effect of the rearing system on the textural profile was strongly modulated by breed. The values of Warner-Bratzler shear force and hardness found in these breeds under both rearing systems were very low. Hence, the toughness of very light suckling kids should not be a determining factor in choosing a breed or rearing system. Nevertheless, the use of milk replacers increased the presence of meat with high pH, which modified the textural parameters, decreasing the shear force but increasing cohesiveness and adhesiveness. Consequently, depending on the commercial strategy of the farm, the election of the breed and rearing system must be considered together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ripoll
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Avda. Montañana, 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-716-452
| | - María J. Alcalde
- Department of Agroforestry Science. Universidad de Sevilla. Crta. Utrera, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - María G. Córdoba
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (M.G.C.); (R.C.); (S.R.-M.)
| | - Rocío Casquete
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (M.G.C.); (R.C.); (S.R.-M.)
| | - Anastasio Argüello
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production and Science and Technology of Foods, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain;
| | - Santiago Ruiz-Moyano
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (M.G.C.); (R.C.); (S.R.-M.)
| | - Begoña Panea
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Avda. Montañana, 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|