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Rabalski L, Kosinski M, Cybulski P, Stadejek T, Lepek K. Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019: The One Health Perspective. Viruses 2023; 15:1893. [PMID: 37766299 PMCID: PMC10536349 DOI: 10.3390/v15091893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are still a cause of concern for public health and veterinary services worldwide. With (-) RNA-segmented genome architecture, influenza viruses are prone to reassortment and can generate a great variety of strains, some capable of crossing interspecies barriers. Seasonal IAV strains continuously spread from humans to pigs, leading to multiple reassortation events with strains endemic to swine. Due to its high adaptability to humans, a reassortant strain based on "human-like" genes could potentially be a carrier of avian origin segments responsible for high virulence, and hence become the next pandemic strain with unseen pathogenicity. The rapid evolution of sequencing methods has provided a fast and cost-efficient way to assess the genetic diversity of IAV. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses (swIAVs) collected from Polish farms. A total of 376 samples were collected from 11 farms. The infection was confirmed in 112 cases. The isolates were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS), resulting in 93 full genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis classified 59 isolates as genotype T (H1avN2g) and 34 isolates as genotype P (H1pdmN1pdm), all of which had an internal gene cassette (IGC) derived from the H1N1pdm09-like strain. These data are consistent with evolutionary trends in European swIAVs. The applied methodology proved to be useful in monitoring the genetic diversity of IAV at the human-animal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Rabalski
- Laboratory of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
- Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center of the General Karol Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska 4 St, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Maciej Kosinski
- Laboratory of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Cybulski
- Goodvalley Agro S.A., Dworcowa 25, 77-320 Przechlewo, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stadejek
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lepek
- Laboratory of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
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Rovida F, Piralla A, Marzani FC, Moreno A, Campanini G, Mojoli F, Pozzi M, Girello A, Chiapponi C, Vezzoli F, Prati P, Percivalle E, Pavan A, Gramegna M, Iotti GA, Baldanti F. Authors’ reply: Two severe human cases due to swine influenza A (H1N1)v in October 2016 in Europe were chronologic coincident yet distinct events. Euro Surveill 2017; 22:30480. [PMID: 28300530 PMCID: PMC5356420 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.10.30480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rovida
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Piralla
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Capra Marzani
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Dipartimento di Emergenza ed Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ana Moreno
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Campanini
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Mojoli
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Dipartimento di Emergenza ed Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Unità di Anestesia, Rianimazione e Terapia Antalgica, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Pozzi
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Dipartimento di Emergenza ed Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Girello
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Chiapponi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Fausto Vezzoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Lodi, Italy
| | - Paola Prati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Percivalle
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pavan
- Agenzia di Tutela della Salute, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Gramegna
- Direzione Generale Sanità, Regione Lombardia, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Antonio Iotti
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Dipartimento di Emergenza ed Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Unità di Anestesia, Rianimazione e Terapia Antalgica, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- SS Virologia Molecolare, SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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