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Catara V, Cubero J, Pothier JF, Bosis E, Bragard C, Đermić E, Holeva MC, Jacques MA, Petter F, Pruvost O, Robène I, Studholme DJ, Tavares F, Vicente JG, Koebnik R, Costa J. Trends in Molecular Diagnosis and Diversity Studies for Phytosanitary Regulated Xanthomonas. Microorganisms 2021; 9:862. [PMID: 33923763 PMCID: PMC8073235 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria in the genus Xanthomonas infect a wide range of crops and wild plants, with most species responsible for plant diseases that have a global economic and environmental impact on the seed, plant, and food trade. Infections by Xanthomonas spp. cause a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, making their identification difficult. The coexistence of phylogenetically close strains, but drastically different in their phenotype, poses an added challenge to diagnosis. Data on future climate change scenarios predict an increase in the severity of epidemics and a geographical expansion of pathogens, increasing pressure on plant health services. In this context, the effectiveness of integrated disease management strategies strongly depends on the availability of rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic methods. The accumulation of genomic information in recent years has facilitated the identification of new DNA markers, a cornerstone for the development of more sensitive and specific methods. Nevertheless, the challenges that the taxonomic complexity of this genus represents in terms of diagnosis together with the fact that within the same bacterial species, groups of strains may interact with distinct host species demonstrate that there is still a long way to go. In this review, we describe and discuss the current molecular-based methods for the diagnosis and detection of regulated Xanthomonas, taxonomic and diversity studies in Xanthomonas and genomic approaches for molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Catara
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jaime Cubero
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28002 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Joël F. Pothier
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute for Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Eran Bosis
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College of Engineering, Karmiel 2161002, Israel;
| | - Claude Bragard
- UCLouvain, Earth & Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
| | - Edyta Đermić
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Maria C. Holeva
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Phytopathology, Laboratory of Bacteriology, GR-14561 Kifissia, Greece;
| | - Marie-Agnès Jacques
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Univ Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France;
| | - Francoise Petter
- European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO/OEPP), 75011 Paris, France;
| | - Olivier Pruvost
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France; (O.P.); (I.R.)
| | - Isabelle Robène
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France; (O.P.); (I.R.)
| | | | - Fernando Tavares
- CIBIO—Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO-Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; or
- FCUP-Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ralf Koebnik
- Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (PHIM), Univ Montpellier, Cirad, INRAe, Institut Agro, IRD, 34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Joana Costa
- Centre for Functional Ecology-Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 300-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory for Phytopathology, Instituto Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
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Mousavi S, Schmidt AM, Escher U, Kittler S, Kehrenberg C, Thunhorst E, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Carvacrol ameliorates acute campylobacteriosis in a clinical murine infection model. Gut Pathog 2020; 12:2. [PMID: 31921356 PMCID: PMC6947993 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of human infections with the zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is rising worldwide. Therefore, the identification of compounds with potent anti-pathogenic and anti-inflammatory properties for future therapeutic and/or preventive application to combat campylobacteriosis is of importance for global health. Results of recent studies suggested carvacrol (4-isopropyl-2-methylphenol) as potential candidate molecule for the treatment of campylobacteriosis in humans and for the prevention of Campylobacter colonization in farm animals. RESULTS To address this in a clinical murine infection model of acute campylobacteriosis, secondary abiotic IL-10-/- mice were subjected to synthetic carvacrol via the drinking water starting 4 days before peroral C. jejuni challenge. Whereas at day 6 post-infection placebo treated mice suffered from acute enterocolitis, mice from the carvacrol cohort not only harbored two log orders of magnitude lower pathogen loads in their intestines, but also displayed significantly reduced disease symptoms. Alleviated campylobacteriosis following carvacrol application was accompanied by less distinct intestinal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory immune responses as well as by higher numbers of proliferating colonic epithelial cells. Remarkably, the inflammation-ameliorating effects of carvacrol treatment were not restricted to the intestinal tract, but could also be observed in extra-intestinal organs such as liver, kidneys and lungs and, strikingly, systemically as indicated by lower IFN-γ, TNF, MCP-1 and IL-6 serum concentrations in carvacrol versus placebo treated mice. Furthermore, carvacrol treatment was associated with less frequent translocation of viable C. jejuni originating from the intestines to extra-intestinal compartments. CONCLUSION The lowered C. jejuni loads and alleviated symptoms observed in the here applied clinical murine model for human campylobacteriosis highlight the application of carvacrol as a promising novel option for both, the treatment of campylobacteriosis and hence, for prevention of post-infectious sequelae in humans, and for the reduction of C. jejuni colonization in the intestines of vertebrate lifestock animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mousavi
- CC5, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, FEM, Garystr. 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Schmidt
- CC5, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, FEM, Garystr. 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Escher
- CC5, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, FEM, Garystr. 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Kittler
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Corinna Kehrenberg
- Institute for Veterinary Food Science, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisa Thunhorst
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- CC5, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, FEM, Garystr. 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- CC5, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, FEM, Garystr. 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Steffen K, Grousset F, Schrader G, Petter F, Suffert M. Identification of pests and pathogens recorded in Europe with relation to fruit imports. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/epp.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Steffen
- Julius-Kuehn-Institute; Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants; Messeweg 11-12 38104 Braunschweig Germany
| | - F. Grousset
- European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization; 21 Boulevard Richard Lenoir 75011 Paris France
| | - G. Schrader
- Julius-Kuehn-Institute; Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants; Messeweg 11-12 38104 Braunschweig Germany
| | - F. Petter
- European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization; 21 Boulevard Richard Lenoir 75011 Paris France
| | - M. Suffert
- European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization; 21 Boulevard Richard Lenoir 75011 Paris France
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