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Af Bjerkén S, Axelsson J, Larsson A, Flygare C, Remes J, Strandberg S, Eriksson L, Bäckström D, Jakobson Mo S. Reliability and validity of visual analysis of [ 18 F]FE-PE2I PET/CT in early Parkinsonian disease. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:397-406. [PMID: 36862448 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE [ 18 F]FE-PE2I (FE-PE2I) is a new radiotracer for dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with PET. The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual interpretation of FE-PE2I images for the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinsonian syndrome (IPS). The inter-rater variability, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for visual interpretation of striatal FE-PE2I compared to [ 123 I]FP-CIT (FP-CIT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was evaluated. METHODS Thirty patients with newly onset parkinsonism and 32 healthy controls with both an FE-PE2I and FP-CIT were included in the study. Four patients had normal DAT imaging, of which three did not fulfil the IPS criteria at the clinical reassessment after 2 years. Six raters evaluated the DAT images blinded to the clinical diagnosis, interpreting the image as being 'normal' or 'pathological', and assessed the degree of DAT-reduction in the caudate and putamen. The inter-rater agreement was assessed with intra-class correlation and Cronbach's α . For calculation of sensitivity and specificity, DAT images were defined as correctly classified if categorized as normal or pathological by ≥4/6 raters. RESULTS The overall agreement in visual evaluation of the FE-PE2I- and FP-CIT images was high for the IPS patients ( α = 0.960 and 0.898, respectively), but lower in healthy controls (FE-PE2I: α = 0.693, FP-CIT: α = 0.657). Visual interpretation gave high sensitivity (both 0.96) but lower specificity (FE-PE2I: 0.86, FP-CIT: 0.63) with an accuracy of 90% for FE-PE2I and 77% for FP-CIT. CONCLUSION Visual evaluation of FE-PE2I PET imaging demonstrates high reliability and diagnostic accuracy for IPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Af Bjerkén
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI)
| | - Anne Larsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carolina Flygare
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jussi Remes
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sara Strandberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Susanna Jakobson Mo
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI)
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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2
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Simonsson E, Stiernman LJ, Lundquist A, Rosendahl E, Hedlund M, Lindelöf N, Boraxbekk CJ. Dopamine D2/3-receptor availability and its association with autonomous motivation to exercise in older adults: An exploratory [11C]-raclopride study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:997131. [DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.997131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAutonomous motivation to exercise occurs when the activity is voluntary and with a perceived inherent satisfaction from the activity itself. It has been suggested that autonomous motivation is related to striatal dopamine D2/3-receptor (D2/3R) availability within the brain. In this study, we hypothesized that D2/3R availability in three striatal regions (nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, and putamen) would be positively associated with self-reported autonomous motivation to exercise. We also examined this relationship with additional exploratory analyses across a set of a priori extrastriatal regions of interest (ROI).MethodsOur sample comprised 49 older adults (28 females) between 64 and 78 years of age. The D2/3R availability was quantified from positron emission tomography using the non-displaceable binding potential of [11C]-raclopride ligand. The exercise-related autonomous motivation was assessed with the Swedish version of the Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2.ResultsNo significant associations were observed between self-reported autonomous motivation to exercise and D2/3R availability within the striatum (nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, and putamen) using semi-partial correlations controlling for ROI volume on D2/3R availability. For exploratory analyses, positive associations were observed for the superior (r = 0.289, p = 0.023) and middle frontal gyrus (r = 0.330, p = 0.011), but not for the inferior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, or anterior insular cortex.ConclusionThis study could not confirm the suggested link between striatal D2/3R availability and subjective autonomous motivation to exercise among older adults. The exploratory findings, however, propose that frontal brain regions may be involved in the intrinsic regulation of exercise-related behaviors, though this has to be confirmed by future studies using a more suitable ligand and objective measures of physical activity levels.
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Hashimoto Y, Ajiki T, Yanagimoto H, Tsugawa D, Shinozaki K, Toyama H, Kido M, Fukumoto T. Risk factors for occult metastasis detected by inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers in biliary tract cancer. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9770-9782. [PMID: 34877316 PMCID: PMC8610912 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i32.9770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiological detection of small liver metastasis or peritoneal metastasis is still difficult, and some patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) are unresectable after laparotomy. Staging laparoscopy may help avoid unnecessary laparotomy. However, which category of BTC is amenable with staging laparoscopy remains unclear.
AIM To clarify the risk factors for occult metastasis in patients with BTC.
METHODS Medical records of patients with BTC who underwent surgery at our institution between January 2008 and June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups, according to resection or exploratory laparotomy (EL). Preoperative laboratory data, including inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers, were compared between the two groups. Prognostic importance of detected risk factors was also evaluated.
RESULTS A total of 236 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty-six (11%) patients underwent EL. Among the EL patients, there were 16 cases of occult metastasis (7 liver metastases and 9 abdominal disseminations). Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and modified Glasgow prognostic score were significantly higher in the EL group than in the resected group, and these factors were prognostic. Among these factors, carcinoembryonic antigen > 7 ng/mL was the most useful to predict occult metastasis in BTC. When patients have more than three of these positive factors, the rate of occult metastasis increases.
CONCLUSION Inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers are useful in detecting occult metastasis in BTC; based on these factors, staging laparoscopy may reduce the rate of EL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ajiki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yanagimoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsugawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenta Shinozaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hirochika Toyama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kido
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takumi Fukumoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
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4
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Korkki SM, Papenberg G, Karalija N, Garrett DD, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Nyberg L, Bäckman L. Fronto-striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability is associated with cognitive variability in older individuals with low dopamine integrity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21089. [PMID: 34702857 PMCID: PMC8548594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Within-person, moment-to-moment, variability in behavior increases with advancing adult age, potentially reflecting the influence of reduced structural and neurochemical brain integrity, especially that of the dopaminergic system. We examined the role of dopamine D2 receptor (D2DR) availability, grey-, and white-matter integrity, for between-person differences in cognitive variability in a large sample of healthy older adults (n = 181; 64-68 years) from the Cognition, Brain, and Aging (COBRA) study. Intra-individual variability (IIV) in cognition was measured as across-trial variability in participants' response times for tasks assessing perceptual speed and working memory, as well as for a control task of motor speed. Across the whole sample, no associations of D2DR availability, or grey- and white-matter integrity, to IIV were observed. However, within-person variability in cognition was increased in two subgroups of individuals displaying low mean-level cognitive performance, one of which was characterized by low subcortical and cortical D2DR availability. In this latter group, fronto-striatal D2DR availability correlated negatively with within-person variability in cognition. This finding suggests that the influence of D2DR availability on cognitive variability may be more easily disclosed among individuals with low dopamine-system integrity, highlighting the benefits of large-scale studies for delineating heterogeneity in brain-behavior associations in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saana M. Korkki
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Douglas D. Garrett
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrine Riklund
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Nyberg
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Karalija N, Jonassson L, Johansson J, Papenberg G, Salami A, Andersson M, Riklund K, Nyberg L, Boraxbekk CJ. High long-term test-retest reliability for extrastriatal 11C-raclopride binding in healthy older adults. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1859-1868. [PMID: 31506011 PMCID: PMC7446562 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19874770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In vivo dopamine D2-receptor availability is frequently assessed with 11C-raclopride and positron emission tomography. Due to low signal-to-noise ratios for 11C-raclopride in areas with low D2 receptor densities, the ligand has been considered unreliable for measurements outside the dopamine-dense striatum. Intriguingly, recent studies show that extrastriatal 11C-raclopride binding potential (BPND) values are (i) reliably higher than in the cerebellum (where D2-receptor levels are negligible), (ii) correlate with behavior in the expected direction, and (iii) showed good test-retest reliability in a sample of younger adults. The present work demonstrates high seven-month test-retest reliability of striatal and extrastriatal 11C-raclopride BPND values in healthy, older adults (n = 27, age: 64-78 years). Mean 11C-raclopride BPND values were stable between test sessions in subcortical nuclei, and in frontal and temporal cortices (p > 0.05). Across all structures analyzed, intraclass correlation coefficients were high (0.85-0.96), absolute variability was low (mean: 4-8%), and coefficients of variance ranged between 9 and 25%. Furthermore, regional 11C-raclopride BPND values correlated with previously determined 18F-fallypride BPND values (ρ = 0.97 and 0.92 in correlations with and without striatal values, respectively, p < 0.01) and postmortem determined D2-receptor densities (including striatum: ρ = 0.92; p < 0.001; excluding striatum: ρ = 0.75; p = 0.067). These observations suggest that extrastriatal 11C-raclopride measurements represent a true D2 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Karalija
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Jonassson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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6
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Lövdén M, Karalija N, Andersson M, Wåhlin A, Axelsson J, Köhncke Y, Jonasson LS, Rieckman A, Papenberg G, Garrett DD, Guitart-Masip M, Salami A, Riklund K, Bäckman L, Nyberg L, Lindenberger U. Latent-Profile Analysis Reveals Behavioral and Brain Correlates of Dopamine-Cognition Associations. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:3894-3907. [PMID: 29028935 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that associations between the neurotransmitter dopamine and cognition are nonmonotonic and open to modulation by various other factors. The functional implications of a given level of dopamine may therefore differ from person to person. By applying latent-profile analysis to a large (n = 181) sample of adults aged 64-68 years, we probabilistically identified 3 subgroups that explain the multivariate associations between dopamine D2/3R availability (probed with 11C-raclopride-PET, in cortical, striatal, and hippocampal regions) and cognitive performance (episodic memory, working memory, and perceptual speed). Generally, greater receptor availability was associated with better cognitive performance. However, we discovered a subgroup of individuals for which high availability, particularly in striatum, was associated with poor performance, especially for working memory. Relative to the rest of the sample, this subgroup also had lower education, higher body-mass index, and lower resting-state connectivity between caudate nucleus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We conclude that a smaller subset of individuals induces a multivariate non-linear association between dopamine D2/3R availability and cognitive performance in this group of older adults, and discuss potential reasons for these differences that await further empirical scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lövdén
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ylva Köhncke
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars S Jonasson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Center for Aging and Demographic Research, CEDAR, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Rieckman
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Douglas D Garrett
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,European University Institute, San Domenico di Fiesole (FI), Italy
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7
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Jonasson LS, Nyberg L, Axelsson J, Kramer AF, Riklund K, Boraxbekk CJ. Higher striatal D2-receptor availability in aerobically fit older adults but non-selective intervention effects after aerobic versus resistance training. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116044. [PMID: 31352122 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is much evidence that dopamine is vital for cognitive functioning in aging. Here we tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise and fitness influence dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum, and in turn performance on offline working-memory updating tasks. Dopaminergic neurotransmission was measured by positron emission tomography (PET) and the non-displacable binding potential (BPND) of [11C]raclopride, i.e. dopamine (DA) D2-receptor (D2R) availability. Fifty-four sedentary older adults underwent a six-months exercise intervention, performing either aerobic exercise or stretching, toning, and resistance active control training. At baseline, higher aerobic fitness levels (VO2peak) were associated with higher BPND in the striatum, providing evidence of a link between an objective measure of aerobic fitness and D2R in older adults. BPND decreased substantially over the intervention in both groups but the intervention effects were non-selective with respect to exercise group. The decrease was several times larger than any previously estimated annual decline in D2R, potentially due to increased endogenous DA. Working-memory was unrelated to D2R both at baseline and following the intervention. To conclude, we provide partial evidence for a link between physical exercise and DA. Utilizing a PET protocol able to disentangle both D2R and DA levels could shed further light on whether, and how, aerobic exercise impacts the dopaminergic system in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars S Jonasson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Departments of Psychology and Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Center for Demographic and Aging Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
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8
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Salami A, Rieckmann A, Karalija N, Avelar-Pereira B, Andersson M, Wåhlin A, Papenberg G, Garrett DD, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L, Nyberg L. Neurocognitive Profiles of Older Adults with Working-Memory Dysfunction. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:2525-2539. [PMID: 29901790 PMCID: PMC5998950 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals differ in how they perceive, remember, and think. There is evidence for the existence of distinct subgroups that differ in cognitive performance within the older population. However, it is less clear how individual differences in cognition in old age are linked to differences in brain-based measures. We used latent-profile analysis on n-back working-memory (WM) performance to identify subgroups in a large sample of older adults (n = 181; age = 64–68 years). Our analysis identified one larger normal subgroup with higher performance (n = 113; 63%), and a second smaller subgroup (n = 55; 31%) with lower performance. The low-performing subgroup showed weaker load-dependent BOLD modulation and lower connectivity within the fronto-parietal network (FPN) as well as between FPN and striatum during n-back, along with lower FPN connectivity at rest. This group also exhibited lower FPN structural integrity, lower frontal dopamine D2 binding potential, inferior performance on offline WM tests, and a trend-level genetic predisposition for lower dopamine-system efficiency. By contrast, this group exhibited relatively intact episodic memory and associated brain measures (i.e., hippocampal volume, structural, and functional connectivity within the default-mode network). Collectively, these data provide converging evidence for the existence of a group of older adults with impaired WM functioning characterized by reduced cortico-striatal coupling and aberrant cortico-cortical integrity within FPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Salami
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bárbara Avelar-Pereira
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Douglas D Garrett
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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9
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Papenberg G, Jonasson L, Karalija N, Johansson J, Köhncke Y, Salami A, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Wåhlin A, Riklund K, Lindenberger U, Lövdén M, Nyberg L, Bäckman L. Mapping the landscape of human dopamine D2/3 receptors with [ 11C]raclopride. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:2871-2882. [PMID: 31444615 PMCID: PMC6778542 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine D2/3 system is fundamental for sensory, motor, emotional, and cognitive aspects of behavior. Small-scale human histopathological and animal studies show high density of D2/3 dopamine receptors (D2/3DR) in striatum, but also demonstrate the existence of such receptors across cortical and limbic regions. Assessment of D2/3DR BPND in the extrastriatal regions with [11C]raclopride has long been considered unreliable due to the relatively low density of D2/3DR outside the striatum. We describe the distribution and interregional links of D2/3DR availability measured with PET and [11C]raclopride across the human brain in a large sample (N = 176; age range 64–68 years). Structural equation modeling revealed that D2/3DR availability can be organized according to anatomical (nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical) and functional (limbic, associative, sensorimotor) dopamine pathways. D2/3DR availability in corticolimbic functional subdivisions showed differential associations to corresponding striatal subdivisions, extending animal and pharmacological work. Our findings provide evidence on the dimensionality and organization of [11C]raclopride D2/3DR availability in the living human brain that conforms to known dopaminergic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Lars Jonasson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ylva Köhncke
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alireza Salami
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck, UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck, UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
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10
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Papenberg G, Karalija N, Salami A, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Riklund K, Lindenberger U, Nyberg L, Bäckman L. The Influence of Hippocampal Dopamine D2 Receptors on Episodic Memory Is Modulated by BDNF and KIBRA Polymorphisms. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:1422-1429. [PMID: 31112471 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory is a polygenic trait influenced by different molecular mechanisms. We used PET and a candidate gene approach to investigate how individual differences at the molecular level translate into between-person differences in episodic memory performance of elderly persons. Specifically, we examined the interactive effects between hippocampal dopamine D2 receptor (D2DR) availability and candidate genes relevant for hippocampus-related memory functioning. We show that the positive effects of high D2DR availability in the hippocampus on episodic memory are confined to carriers of advantageous genotypes of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, rs6265) and the kidney and brain expressed protein (KIBRA, rs17070145) polymorphisms. By contrast, these polymorphisms did not modulate the positive relationship between caudate D2DR availability and episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alireza Salami
- Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University.,Umeå University
| | | | | | | | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin and London
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11
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Kim SH, Song BI, Kim BW, Kim HW, Won KS, Bae SU, Jeong WK, Baek SK. Predictive Value of [ 18F]FDG PET/CT for Lymph Node Metastasis in Rectal Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4979. [PMID: 30899056 PMCID: PMC6428820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for rectal cancer staging, but improved diagnostic methods for nodal metastases are needed. We aimed to evaluate whether the combination model of the metabolic tumor volume of primary tumor (T_MTV) and maximum standardized uptake value of lymph node (N_SUVmax) on pretreatment [18F]FDG PET/CT could improve nodal metastases prediction in rectal cancer. We enrolled a total of 166 rectal cancer patients who underwent pretreatment [18F]FDG PET/CT and surgical resection without neoadjuvant treatment between January 2009 and August 2016. Visual and semiquantitative PET/CT parameters were obtained. Associations between clinicopathological, PET/CT-derived variables and nodal metastases were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Nodal metastases were confirmed histologically in 68 of the 166 patients (41%). Uni- and multivariate analyses demonstrated T_MTV and N_SUVmax were independent predictive factors for nodal metastases. The c-statistics of the combination model was 0.806 (Standard Error, 0.034; 95% Confidence Interval, 0.737-0.863), which showed significant improvement compared to T_MTV (0.698, P = 0.0002) or N_SUVmax (0.720, P = 0.0008) alone. T_MTV and N_SUVmax are independently correlated with nodal metastases. Furthermore, the combination model showed improved performance for risk prediction; thus, [18F]FDG PET/CT might have a role in rectal cancer staging and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bong-Il Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Beong Woo Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hae Won Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sook Won
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Uk Bae
- Department of Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Woon Kyung Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Baek
- Department of Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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12
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Karalija N, Papenberg G, Wåhlin A, Johansson J, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Riklund K, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L, Nyberg L. C957T-mediated Variation in Ligand Affinity Affects the Association between 11C-raclopride Binding Potential and Cognition. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:314-325. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) system plays an important role in cognition. Accordingly, normal variation in DA genes has been found to predict individual differences in cognitive performance. However, little is known of the impact of genetic differences on the link between empirical indicators of the DA system and cognition in humans. The present work used PET with 11C-raclopride to assess DA D2-receptor binding potential (BP) and links to episodic memory, working memory, and perceptual speed in 179 healthy adults aged 64–68 years. Previously, the T-allele of a DA D2-receptor single-nucleotide polymorphism, C957T, was associated with increased apparent affinity of 11C-raclopride, giving rise to higher BP values despite similar receptor density values between allelic groups. Consequently, we hypothesized that 11C-raclopride BP measures inflated by affinity rather than D2-receptor density in T-allele carriers would not be predictive of DA integrity and therefore prevent finding an association between 11C-raclopride BP and cognitive performance. In accordance with previous findings, we show that 11C-raclopride BP was increased in T-homozygotes. Importantly, 11C-raclopride BP was only associated with cognitive performance in groups with low or average ligand affinity (C-allele carriers of C957T, n = 124), but not in the high-affinity group (T-homozygotes, n = 55). The strongest 11C-raclopride BP–cognition associations and the highest level of performance were found in C-homozygotes. These findings show that genetic differences modulate the link between BP and cognition and thus have important implications for the interpretation of DA assessments with PET and 11C-raclopride in multiple disciplines ranging from cognitive neuroscience to psychiatry and neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research
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13
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Strandberg S, Hashemi A, Axelsson J, Riklund K. Optimization of PET reconstruction algorithm, SUV thresholding algorithm and PET acquisition time in clinical 11C-acetate PET/CT. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209169. [PMID: 30543705 PMCID: PMC6292629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction 11C-acetate (ACE)-PET/CT is used for staging of high-risk prostate cancer. PET data is reconstructed with iterative algorithms, such as VUEPointHD ViP (VPHD) and VUEPoint HD Sharp IR (SharpIR), the latter with additional resolution recovery. It is expected that the resolution recovery algorithm should render more accurate maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) and functional tumor volumes (FTV) than the ordinary OSEM. Performing quantitative analysis, choice of volume-of-interest delineation algorithm (SUV threshold) may influence FTV. Optimizing PET acquisition time is justified if image quality and quantitation do not deteriorate. The aim of this study is to identify the optimal reconstruction algorithm, SUV threshold and acquisition time for ACE-PET/CT. Methods ACE-PET/CT data acquired with a General Electric Discovery 690 PET/CT from 16 consecutive high-risk prostate cancer patients was reconstructed with VPHD and SharpIR. Forty pelvic lymph nodes (LNs) and 14 prostate glands were delineated with 42% and estimated threshold. SUVmax, SUVmean, FTV and total lesion uptake were measured. Default acquisition time was four minutes per bed position. In a subset of lesions, acquisition times of one, two and four minutes were evaluated. Structural tumor volumes (STV) of the LNs were measured with CT for correlation with functional volumetric parameters. To validate SUV quantification under different conditions with SharpIR 42%, recovery coefficients (RCs) of SUVmean and FTV were calculated from a phantom with 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG)-filled volumes 0.1–9.2cm3 and signal-to-background (S/B) ratios 4.3–15.9. Results With SharpIR, SUVmax and SUVmean were higher and FTV lower compared with VPHD, regardless of threshold method, in both prostates and LNs. Total lesion uptake determined with both threshold methods was lower with SharpIR compared with VPHD with both threshold methods, except in subgroup analysis of prostate targets where estimated threshold returned higher values. Longer acquisition times returned higher FTV for both threshold methods, regardless of reconstruction algorithm. The FTV difference was most pronounced with one minute’s acquisition per bed position, which also produced visually the highest noise. SUV parameters were unaffected by varying acquisition times. FTV with SharpIR 42% showed the best correspondence with STV. SharpIR 42% gave higher RCs of SUVmean and FTV with increasing phantom size and S/B-ratio, as expected. Conclusions Delineation with SharpIR 42% seems to provide the most accurate combined information from SUVmax, SUVmean, FTV and total lesion uptake. Acquisition time may be shortened to two minutes per bed position with preserved image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Strandberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Armin Hashemi
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
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14
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Dopamine D 2/3 Binding Potential Modulates Neural Signatures of Working Memory in a Load-Dependent Fashion. J Neurosci 2018; 39:537-547. [PMID: 30478031 PMCID: PMC6335744 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1493-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) modulates corticostriatal connections. Studies in which imaging of the DA system is integrated with functional imaging during cognitive performance have yielded mixed findings. Some work has shown a link between striatal DA (measured by PET) and fMRI activations, whereas others have failed to observe such a relationship. One possible reason for these discrepant findings is differences in task demands, such that a more demanding task with greater prefrontal activations may yield a stronger association with DA. Moreover, a potential DA–BOLD association may be modulated by task performance. We studied 155 (104 normal-performing and 51 low-performing) healthy older adults (43% females) who underwent fMRI scanning while performing a working memory (WM) n-back task along with DA D2/3 PET assessment using [11C]raclopride. Using multivariate partial-least-squares analysis, we observed a significant pattern revealing positive associations of striatal as well as extrastriatal DA D2/3 receptors to BOLD response in the thalamo–striatal–cortical circuit, which supports WM functioning. Critically, the DA–BOLD association in normal-performing, but not low-performing, individuals was expressed in a load-dependent fashion, with stronger associations during 3-back than 1-/2-back conditions. Moreover, normal-performing adults expressing upregulated BOLD in response to increasing task demands showed a stronger DA–BOLD association during 3-back, whereas low-performing individuals expressed a stronger association during 2-back conditions. This pattern suggests a nonlinear DA–BOLD performance association, with the strongest link at the maximum capacity level. Together, our results suggest that DA may have a stronger impact on functional brain responses during more demanding cognitive tasks. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dopamine (DA) is a major neuromodulator in the CNS and plays a key role in several cognitive processes via modulating the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal. Some studies have shown a link between DA and BOLD, whereas others have failed to observe such a relationship. A possible reason for the discrepancy is differences in task demands, such that a more demanding task with greater prefrontal activations may yield a stronger association with DA. We examined the relationship of DA to BOLD response during working memory under three load conditions and found that the DA–BOLD association is expressed in a load-dependent fashion. These findings may help explain the disproportionate impairment evident in more effortful cognitive tasks in normal aging and in those suffering dopamine-dependent neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease).
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15
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Jakobson Mo S, Axelsson J, Jonasson L, Larsson A, Ögren MJ, Ögren M, Varrone A, Eriksson L, Bäckström D, Af Bjerkén S, Linder J, Riklund K. Dopamine transporter imaging with [ 18F]FE-PE2I PET and [ 123I]FP-CIT SPECT-a clinical comparison. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:100. [PMID: 30443684 PMCID: PMC6238014 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-018-0450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging may be of diagnostic value in patients with clinically suspected parkinsonian disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of DAT imaging with positron emission computed tomography (PET), using the recently developed, highly DAT-selective radiopharmaceutical [18F]FE-PE2I (FE-PE2I), to the commercially available and frequently used method with [123I]FP-CIT (FP-CIT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in early-stage idiopathic parkinsonian syndrome (PS). Methods Twenty-two patients with a clinical de novo diagnosis of PS and 28 healthy controls (HC) participating in an on-going clinical trial of FE-PE2I were analyzed in this study. Within the trial protocol, participants are clinically reassessed 2 years after inclusion. A commercially available software was used for automatic calculation of FP-CIT-specific uptake ratio (SUR). MRI-based volumes of interest combined with threshold PET segmentation were used for FE-PE2I binding potential relative to non-displaceable binding (BPND) quantification and specific uptake value ratios (SUVR). Results PET with FE-PE2I revealed significant differences between patients with a clinical de novo diagnosis of PS and healthy controls in striatal DAT availability (p < 0.001), with excellent accuracy of predicting dopaminergic deficit in early-stage PS. The effect sizes were calculated for FE-PE2I BPND (Glass’s Δ = 2.95), FE-PE2I SUVR (Glass’s Δ = 2.57), and FP-CIT SUR (Glass’s Δ = 2.29). The intraclass correlation (ICC) between FE-PE2I BPND FP-CIT SUR was high in the caudate (ICC = 0.923), putamen (ICC = 0.922), and striatum (ICC = 0.946), p < 0.001. Five of the 22 patients displayed preserved striatal DAT availability in the striatum with both methods. At follow-up, a non-PS clinical diagnosis was confirmed in three of these, while one was clinically diagnosed with corticobasal syndrome. In these patients, FE-PE2I binding was also normal in the substantia nigra (SN), while significantly reduced in the remaining patients. FE-PE2I measurement of the mean DAT availability in the putamen was strongly correlated with BPND in the SN (R = 0.816, p < 0.001). Olfaction and mean putamen DAT availability was correlated using both FE-PE2I BPND and FP-CIT SUR (R ≥ 0.616, p < 0.001). Conclusion DAT imaging with FE-PE2I PET yields excellent basic diagnostic differentiation in early-stage PS, at least as good as FP-CIT SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Jakobson Mo
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Jonasson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anne Larsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mattias J Ögren
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Margareta Ögren
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrea Varrone
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Eriksson
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David Bäckström
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sara Af Bjerkén
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jan Linder
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Köhncke Y, Papenberg G, Jonasson L, Karalija N, Wåhlin A, Salami A, Andersson M, Axelsson JE, Nyberg L, Riklund K, Bäckman L, Lindenberger U, Lövdén M. Self-rated intensity of habitual physical activities is positively associated with dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and cognition. Neuroimage 2018; 181:605-616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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17
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Jonasson LS, Axelsson J, Riklund K, Boraxbekk CJ. Simulating effects of brain atrophy in longitudinal PET imaging with an anthropomorphic brain phantom. Phys Med Biol 2017; 62:5213-5227. [PMID: 28561014 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa6e1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET), the presence of volumetric changes over time can lead to an overestimation or underestimation of the true changes in the quantified PET signal due to the partial volume effect (PVE) introduced by the limited spatial resolution of existing PET cameras and reconstruction algorithms. Here, a 3D-printed anthropomorphic brain phantom with attachable striata in three sizes was designed to enable controlled volumetric changes. Using a method to eliminate the non-radioactive plastic wall, and manipulating BP levels by adding different number of events from list-mode acquisitions, we investigated the artificial volume dependence of BP due to PVE, and potential bias arising from varying BP. Comparing multiple reconstruction algorithms we found that a high-resolution ordered-subsets maximization algorithm with spatially variant point-spread function resolution modeling provided the most accurate data. For striatum, the BP changed by 0.08% for every 1% volume change, but for smaller volumes such as the posterior caudate the artificial change in BP was as high as 0.7% per 1% volume change. A simple gross correction for striatal volume is unsatisfactory, as the amplitude of the PVE on the BP differs depending on where in the striatum the change occurred. Therefore, to correctly interpret age-related longitudinal changes in the BP, we must account for volumetric changes also within a structure, rather than across the whole volume. The present 3D-printing technology, combined with the wall removal method, can be implemented to gain knowledge about the predictable bias introduced by the PVE differences in uptake regions of varying shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Jonasson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. Center for Demographic and Aging Research, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden
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18
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Dopamine D2 receptor availability is linked to hippocampal-caudate functional connectivity and episodic memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:7918-23. [PMID: 27339132 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606309113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
D1 and D2 dopamine receptors (D1DRs and D2DRs) may contribute differently to various aspects of memory and cognition. The D1DR system has been linked to functions supported by the prefrontal cortex. By contrast, the role of the D2DR system is less clear, although it has been hypothesized that D2DRs make a specific contribution to hippocampus-based cognitive functions. Here we present results from 181 healthy adults between 64 and 68 y of age who underwent comprehensive assessment of episodic memory, working memory, and processing speed, along with MRI and D2DR assessment with [(11)C]raclopride and PET. Caudate D2DR availability was positively associated with episodic memory but not with working memory or speed. Whole-brain analyses further revealed a relation between hippocampal D2DR availability and episodic memory. Hippocampal and caudate D2DR availability were interrelated, and functional MRI-based resting-state functional connectivity between the ventral caudate and medial temporal cortex increased as a function of caudate D2DR availability. Collectively, these findings indicate that D2DRs make a specific contribution to hippocampus-based cognition by influencing striatal and hippocampal regions, and their interactions.
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19
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Cysouw MC, Kramer GM, Hoekstra OS, Frings V, de Langen AJ, Smit EF, van den Eertwegh AJ, Oprea-Lager DE, Boellaard R. Accuracy and Precision of Partial-Volume Correction in Oncological PET/CT Studies. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1642-1649. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.173831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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20
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Nevalainen N, Riklund K, Andersson M, Axelsson J, Ögren M, Lövdén M, Lindenberger U, Bäckman L, Nyberg L. COBRA: A prospective multimodal imaging study of dopamine, brain structure and function, and cognition. Brain Res 2015; 1612:83-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Jødal L, Le Loirec C, Champion C. Positron range in PET imaging: non-conventional isotopes. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:7419-34. [PMID: 25386999 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/23/7419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In addition to conventional short-lived radionuclides, longer-lived isotopes are becoming increasingly important to positron emission tomography (PET). The longer half-life both allows for circumvention of the in-house production of radionuclides, and expands the spectrum of physiological processes amenable to PET imaging, including processes with prohibitively slow kinetics for investigation with short-lived radiotracers. However, many of these radionuclides emit 'high-energy' positrons and gamma rays which affect the spatial resolution and quantitative accuracy of PET images. The objective of the present work is to investigate the positron range distribution for some of these long-lived isotopes. Based on existing Monte Carlo simulations of positron interactions in water, the probability distribution of the line of response displacement have been empirically described by means of analytic displacement functions. Relevant distributions have been derived for the isotopes (22)Na, (52)Mn, (89)Zr, (45)Ti, (51)Mn, (94 m)Tc, (52 m)Mn, (38)K, (64)Cu, (86)Y, (124)I, and (120)I. It was found that the distribution functions previously found for a series of conventional isotopes (Jødal et al 2012 Phys. Med. Bio. 57 3931-43), were also applicable to these non-conventional isotopes, except that for (120)I, (124)I, (89)Zr, (52)Mn, and (64)Cu, parameters in the formulae were less well predicted by mean positron energy alone. Both conventional and non-conventional range distributions can be described by relatively simple analytic expressions. The results will be applicable to image-reconstruction software to improve the resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jødal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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