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Merkel K, Szöllősi D, Horváth I, Jezsó B, Baranyai Z, Szigeti K, Varga Z, Hegedüs I, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás B, Bergmann R, Máthé D. Radiolabeling of Platelets with 99mTc-HYNIC-Duramycin for In Vivo Imaging Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17119. [PMID: 38069441 PMCID: PMC10707319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the in vivo biodistribution of platelets can contribute to a better understanding of their physiological and pathological roles, and nuclear imaging methods, such as single photon emission tomography (SPECT), provide an excellent method for that. SPECT imaging needs stable labeling of the platelets with a radioisotope. In this study, we report a new method to label platelets with 99mTc, the most frequently used isotope for SPECT in clinical applications. The proposed radiolabeling procedure uses a membrane-binding peptide, duramycin. Our results show that duramycin does not cause significant platelet activation, and radiolabeling can be carried out with a procedure utilizing a simple labeling step followed by a size-exclusion chromatography-based purification step. The in vivo application of the radiolabeled human platelets in mice yielded quantitative biodistribution images of the spleen and liver and no accumulation in the lungs. The performed small-animal SPECT/CT in vivo imaging investigations revealed good in vivo stability of the labeling, which paves the way for further applications of 99mTc-labeled-Duramycin in platelet imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keresztély Merkel
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Baranyai
- Clinic of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Duna Medical Center, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Hegedüs
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Biomarkers to Predict Lethal Radiation Injury to the Rat Lung. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065627. [PMID: 36982722 PMCID: PMC10053311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no biomarkers to predict lethal lung injury by radiation. Since it is not ethical to irradiate humans, animal models must be used to identify biomarkers. Injury to the female WAG/RijCmcr rat has been well-characterized after exposure to eight doses of whole thorax irradiation: 0-, 5-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 14- and 15-Gy. End points such as SPECT imaging of the lung using molecular probes, measurement of circulating blood cells and specific miRNA have been shown to change after radiation. Our goal was to use these changes to predict lethal lung injury in the rat model, 2 weeks post-irradiation, before any symptoms manifest and after which a countermeasure can be given to enhance survival. SPECT imaging with 99mTc-MAA identified a decrease in perfusion in the lung after irradiation. A decrease in circulating white blood cells and an increase in five specific miRNAs in whole blood were also tested. Univariate analyses were then conducted on the combined dataset. The results indicated that a combination of percent change in lymphocytes and monocytes, as well as pulmonary perfusion volume could predict survival from radiation to the lungs with 88.5% accuracy (95% confidence intervals of 77.8, 95.3) with a p-value of < 0.0001 versus no information rate. This study is one of the first to report a set of minimally invasive endpoints to predict lethal radiation injury in female rats. Lung-specific injury can be visualized by 99mTc-MAA as early as 2 weeks after radiation.
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Audi SH, Taheri P, Zhao M, Hu K, Jacobs ER, Clough AV. In vivo molecular imaging stratifies rats with different susceptibilities to hyperoxic acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L410-L422. [PMID: 35943727 PMCID: PMC9484995 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00126.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) and 99mTc-duramycin in vivo imaging detects pulmonary oxidative stress and cell death, respectively, in rats exposed to >95% O2 (hyperoxia) as a model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Preexposure to hyperoxia for 48 h followed by 24 h in room air (H-T) is protective against hyperoxia-induced lung injury. This study's objective was to determine the ability of 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-duramycin to track this protection and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Rats were exposed to normoxia, hyperoxia for 60 h, H-T, or H-T followed by 60 h of hyperoxia (H-T + 60). Imaging was performed 20 min after intravenous injection of either 99mTc-HMPAO or 99mTc-duramycin. 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-duramycin lung uptake was 200% and 167% greater (P < 0.01) in hyperoxia compared with normoxia rats, respectively. On the other hand, uptake of 99mTc-HMPAO in H-T + 60 was 24% greater (P < 0.01) than in H-T rats, but 99mTc-duramycin uptake was not significantly different (P = 0.09). Lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, pleural effusion, endothelial filtration coefficient, and histological indices all showed evidence of protection and paralleled imaging results. Additional results indicate higher mitochondrial complex IV activity in H-T versus normoxia rats, suggesting that mitochondria of H-T lungs may be more tolerant of oxidative stress. A pattern of increasing lung uptake of 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-duramycin correlates with advancing oxidative stress and cell death and worsening injury, whereas stable or decreasing 99mTc-HMPAO and stable 99mTc-duramycin reflects hyperoxia tolerance, suggesting the potential utility of molecular imaging for identifying at-risk hosts that are more or less susceptible to progressing to ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said H Audi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Pardis Taheri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kurt Hu
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elizabeth R Jacobs
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Anne V Clough
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Gawne PJ, Man F, Blower PJ, T M de Rosales R. Direct Cell Radiolabeling for in Vivo Cell Tracking with PET and SPECT Imaging. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10266-10318. [PMID: 35549242 PMCID: PMC9185691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The arrival of cell-based therapies is a revolution in medicine. However, its safe clinical application in a rational manner depends on reliable, clinically applicable methods for determining the fate and trafficking of therapeutic cells in vivo using medical imaging techniques─known as in vivo cell tracking. Radionuclide imaging using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) has several advantages over other imaging modalities for cell tracking because of its high sensitivity (requiring low amounts of probe per cell for imaging) and whole-body quantitative imaging capability using clinically available scanners. For cell tracking with radionuclides, ex vivo direct cell radiolabeling, that is, radiolabeling cells before their administration, is the simplest and most robust method, allowing labeling of any cell type without the need for genetic modification. This Review covers the development and application of direct cell radiolabeling probes utilizing a variety of chemical approaches: organic and inorganic/coordination (radio)chemistry, nanomaterials, and biochemistry. We describe the key early developments and the most recent advances in the field, identifying advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches and informing future development and choice of methods for clinical and preclinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Gawne
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, U.K
| | - Francis Man
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, U.K.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, U.K
| | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, U.K
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Zhang D, Gao M, Jin Q, Ni Y, Li H, Jiang C, Zhang J. Development of Duramycin-Based Molecular Probes for Cell Death Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:612-629. [PMID: 35142992 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-022-01707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is involved in numerous pathological conditions such as cardiovascular disorders, ischemic stroke and organ transplant rejection, and plays a critical role in the treatment of cancer. Cell death imaging can serve as a noninvasive means to detect the severity of tissue damage, monitor the progression of diseases, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments, which help to provide prognostic information and guide the formulation of individualized treatment plans. The high abundance of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), which is predominantly confined to the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer membrane in healthy mammalian cells, becomes exposed on the cell surface in the early stages of apoptosis or accessible to the extracellular milieu when the cell suffers from necrosis, thus representing an attractive target for cell death imaging. Duramycin is a tetracyclic polypeptide that contains 19 amino acids and can bind to PE with excellent affinity and specificity. Additionally, this peptide has several favorable structural traits including relatively low molecular weight, stability to enzymatic hydrolysis, and ease of conjugation and labeling. All these highlight the potential of duramycin as a candidate ligand for developing PE-specific molecular probes. By far, a couple of duramycin-based molecular probes such as Tc-99 m-, F-18-, or Ga-68-labeled duramycin have been developed to target exposed PE for in vivo noninvasive imaging of cell death in different animal models. In this review article, we describe the state of the art with respect to in vivo imaging of cell death using duramycin-based molecular probes, as validated by immunohistopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, 3000, Leuven, Leuven, KU, Belgium
| | - Huailiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Audi SH, Jacobs ER, Taheri P, Ganesh S, Clough AV. Assessment of Protection Offered By the NRF2 Pathway Against Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Lung Injury in NRF2 Knockout Rats. Shock 2022; 57:274-280. [PMID: 34738958 PMCID: PMC8758548 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that responds to oxidative stress by activating expressions of key antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes via the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Our objective was to characterize hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) in Nrf2 knock-out (KO) rats to elucidate the role of this pathway in HALI. Adult Nrf2 wildtype (WT), and KO rats were exposed to room air (normoxia) or >95% O2 (hyperoxia) for 48 h, after which selected injury and functional endpoints were measured in vivo and ex vivo. Results demonstrate that the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway provides some protection against HALI, as reflected by greater hyperoxia-induced histological injury and higher pulmonary endothelial filtration coefficient in KO versus WT rats. We observed larger hyperoxia-induced increases in lung expression of glutathione (GSH) synthetase, 3-nitrotyrosine (index of oxidative stress), and interleukin-1β, and in vivo lung uptake of the GSH-sensitive SPECT biomarker 99mTc-HMPAO in WT compared to KO rats. Hyperoxia also induced increases in lung expression of myeloperoxidase in both WT and KO rats, but with no difference between WT and KO. Hyperoxia had no effect on expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) or peroxiredoxin-1. These results suggest that the protection offered by the Nrf2-ARE pathway against HALI is in part via its regulation of the GSH redox pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the role of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in protection against HALI using a rat Nrf2 knockout model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said H. Audi
- Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Clement J. Zablocki V.A. Medical Center
| | - Elizabeth R. Jacobs
- Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Pardis Taheri
- Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Clement J. Zablocki V.A. Medical Center
| | - Swetha Ganesh
- Marquette University-Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Clement J. Zablocki V.A. Medical Center
| | - Anne V. Clough
- Clement J. Zablocki V.A. Medical Center
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Marquette University
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Clough AV, Barry K, Rizzo BM, Jacobs ER, Audi SH. Pharmacokinetics of 99mTc-HMPAO in isolated perfused rat lungs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1317-1327. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00717.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung uptake of technetium-labeled hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) increases in rat models of human acute lung injury, consistent with increases in lung tissue glutathione (GSH). Since 99mTc-HMPAO uptake is the net result of multiple cellular and vascular processes, the objective was to develop an approach to investigate the pharmacokinetics of 99mTc-HMPAO uptake in isolated perfused rat lungs. Lungs of anesthetized rats were excised and connected to a ventilation-perfusion system. 99mTc-HMPAO (56 MBq) was injected into the pulmonary arterial cannula, a time sequence of images was acquired, and lung time-activity curves were constructed. Imaging was repeated with a range of pump flows and perfusate albumin concentrations and before and after depletion of GSH with diethyl maleate (DEM). A pharmacokinetic model of 99mTc-HMPAO pulmonary disposition was developed and used for quantitative interpretation of the time-activity curves. Experimental results reveal that 99mTc-HMPAO lung uptake, defined as the steady-state value of the 99mTc-HMPAO lung time-activity curve, was inversely related to pump flow. Also, 99mTc-HMPAO lung uptake decreased by ~65% after addition of DEM to the perfusate. Increased perfusate albumin concentration also resulted in decreased 99mTc-HMPAO lung uptake. Model simulations under in vivo flow conditions indicate that lung tissue GSH is the dominant factor in 99mTc-HMPAO retention in lung tissue. The approach allows for evaluation of the dominant factors that determine imaging biomarker uptake, separation of the contributions of pulmonary versus systemic processes, and application of this knowledge to in vivo studies. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed an approach for studying the pharmacokinetics of technetium-labeled hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) in isolated perfused lungs. A distributed-in-space-and-time computational model was fit to data and used to investigate questions that cannot readily be addressed in vivo. Experimental and modeling results indicate that tissue GSH is the dominant factor in 99mTc-HMPAO retention in lung tissue. This modeling approach can be readily extended to investigate the lung pharmacokinetics of other biomarkers and models of lung injury and treatment thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne V. Clough
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Milwaukee Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Katherine Barry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Benjamin M. Rizzo
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elizabeth R. Jacobs
- Milwaukee Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Said H. Audi
- Milwaukee Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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[99mTc]Tc-duramycin, a potential molecular probe for early prediction of tumor response after chemotherapy. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 66:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wu M, Shu J. Multimodal Molecular Imaging: Current Status and Future Directions. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 2018:1382183. [PMID: 29967571 PMCID: PMC6008764 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1382183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging has emerged at the end of the last century as an interdisciplinary method involving in vivo imaging and molecular biology aiming at identifying living biological processes at a cellular and molecular level in a noninvasive manner. It has a profound role in determining disease changes and facilitating drug research and development, thus creating new medical modalities to monitor human health. At present, a variety of different molecular imaging techniques have their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. In order to overcome these shortcomings, researchers combine two or more detection techniques to create a new imaging mode, such as multimodal molecular imaging, to obtain a better result and more information regarding monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. In this review, we first describe the classic molecular imaging technology and its key advantages, and then, we offer some of the latest multimodal molecular imaging modes. Finally, we summarize the great challenges, the future development, and the great potential in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Shu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Protection by Inhaled Hydrogen Therapy in a Rat Model of Acute Lung Injury can be Tracked in vivo Using Molecular Imaging. Shock 2018; 48:467-476. [PMID: 28915216 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled hydrogen gas (H2) provides protection in rat models of human acute lung injury (ALI). We previously reported that biomarker imaging can detect oxidative stress and endothelial cell death in vivo in a rat model of ALI. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of Tc-hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (HMPAO) and Tc-duramycin to track the effectiveness of H2 therapy in vivo in the hyperoxia rat model of ALI. Rats were exposed to room air (normoxia), 98% O2 + 2% N2 (hyperoxia) or 98% O2 + 2% H2 (hyperoxia+H2) for up to 60 h. In vivo scintigraphy images were acquired following injection of Tc-HMPAO or Tc-duramycin. For hyperoxia rats, Tc-HMPAO and Tc-duramycin lung uptake increased in a time-dependent manner, reaching a maximum increase of 270% and 150% at 60 h, respectively. These increases were reduced to 120% and 70%, respectively, in hyperoxia+H2 rats. Hyperoxia exposure increased glutathione content in lung homogenate (36%) more than hyperoxia+H2 (21%), consistent with increases measured in Tc-HMPAO lung uptake. In 60-h hyperoxia rats, pleural effusion, which was undetectable in normoxia rats, averaged 9.3 gram/rat, and lung tissue 3-nitrotyrosine expression increased by 790%. Increases were reduced by 69% and 59%, respectively, in 60-h hyperoxia+H2 rats. This study detects and tracks the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of H2 therapy in vivo after as early as 24 h of hyperoxia exposure. The results suggest the potential utility of these SPECT biomarkers for in vivo assessment of key cellular pathways in the pathogenesis of ALI and for monitoring responses to therapies.
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Ma C, Beyer AM, Durand M, Clough AV, Zhu D, Norwood Toro L, Terashvili M, Ebben JD, Hill RB, Audi SH, Medhora M, Jacobs ER. Hyperoxia Causes Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Pulmonary Endothelial Cells by Increasing Expression of Pro-Fission Proteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:622-635. [PMID: 29419407 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We explored mechanisms that alter mitochondrial structure and function in pulmonary endothelial cells (PEC) function after hyperoxia. APPROACH AND RESULTS Mitochondrial structures of PECs exposed to hyperoxia or normoxia were visualized and mitochondrial fragmentation quantified. Expression of pro-fission or fusion proteins or autophagy-related proteins were assessed by Western blot. Mitochondrial oxidative state was determined using mito-roGFP. Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester estimated mitochondrial polarization in treatment groups. The role of mitochondrially derived reactive oxygen species in mt-fragmentation was investigated with mito-TEMPOL and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage studied by using ENDO III (mt-tat-endonuclease III), a protein that repairs mDNA damage. Drp-1 (dynamin-related protein 1) was overexpressed or silenced to test the role of this protein in cell survival or transwell resistance. Hyperoxia increased fragmentation of PEC mitochondria in a time-dependent manner through 48 hours of exposure. Hyperoxic PECs exhibited increased phosphorylation of Drp-1 (serine 616), decreases in Mfn1 (mitofusion protein 1), but increases in OPA-1 (optic atrophy 1). Pro-autophagy proteins p62 (LC3 adapter-binding protein SQSTM1/p62), PINK-1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1), and LC3B (microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3) were increased. Returning cells to normoxia for 24 hours reversed the increased mt-fragmentation and changes in expression of pro-fission proteins. Hyperoxia-induced changes in mitochondrial structure or cell survival were mitigated by antioxidants mito-TEMPOL, Drp-1 silencing, or inhibition or protection by the mitochondrial endonuclease ENDO III. Hyperoxia induced oxidation and mitochondrial depolarization and impaired transwell resistance. Decrease in resistance was mitigated by mito-TEMPOL or ENDO III and reproduced by overexpression of Drp-1. CONCLUSIONS Because hyperoxia evoked mt-fragmentation, cell survival and transwell resistance are prevented by ENDO III and mito-TEMPOL and Drp-1 silencing, and these data link hyperoxia-induced mt-DNA damage, Drp-1 expression, mt-fragmentation, and PEC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ma
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Matthew Durand
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Anne V Clough
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Daling Zhu
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Laura Norwood Toro
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Maia Terashvili
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Johnathan D Ebben
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - R Blake Hill
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Said H Audi
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Meetha Medhora
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.)
| | - Elizabeth R Jacobs
- From the College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China (C.M., D.Z., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Medicine (C.M., A.M.B., A.C., L.N., J.E., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.D.), Department of Physiology (A.M.B., M.M., E.R.J.), Department of Biochemistry (B.H.), Department of Radiation Oncology (M.M.), Department of Biophysics (N.H.), and Cardiovascular Center (M.T., C.M., A.B., M.D., M.M., E.R.J.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee (A.C., S.H.A., M.M., E.R.J.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee (S.H.A.); and Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee (A.C.).
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12
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Delvaeye T, Wyffels L, Deleye S, Lemeire K, Gonçalves A, Decrock E, Staelens S, Leybaert L, Vandenabeele P, Krysko DV. Noninvasive Whole-Body Imaging of Phosphatidylethanolamine as a Cell Death Marker Using 99mTc-Duramycin During TNF-Induced SIRS. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1140-1145. [PMID: 29419481 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.205815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an inflammatory state affecting the whole body. It is associated with the presence of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines in serum, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF). TNF has multiple effects and leads to cytokine production, leukocyte infiltration, and blood pressure reduction and coagulation, thereby contributing to tissue damage and organ failure. A sterile mouse model of sepsis, TNF-induced SIRS, was used to visualize the temporal and spatial distribution of damage in susceptible tissues during SIRS. For this, a radiopharmaceutical agent, 99mTc-duramycin, that binds to exposed phosphatidylethanolamine on dying cells was longitudinally visualized using SPECT/CT imaging. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were challenged with intravenous injections of murine TNF or vehicle, and necrostatin-1 was used to interfere with cell death. Two hours after vehicle or TNF treatment, mice received 99mTc-duramycin intravenously (35.44 ± 3.80 MBq). Static whole-body 99mTc-duramycin SPECT/CT imaging was performed 2, 4, and 6 h after tracer injection. Tracer uptake in different organs was quantified by volume-of-interest analysis using PMOD software and expressed as SUVmean After the last scan, ex vivo biodistribution was performed to validate the SPECT imaging data. Lastly, terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed to correlate the obtained results to cell death. Results: An increased 99mTc-duramycin uptake was detected in mice injected with TNF, when compared with control mice, in lungs (0.55 ± 0.1 vs. 0.34 ± 0.05), intestine (0.75 ± 0.13 vs. 0.56 ± 0.1), and liver (1.03 ± 0.14 vs. 0.64 ± 0.04) 4 h after TNF and remained significantly elevated until 8 h after TNF. The imaging results were consistent with ex vivo γ-counting results. Significantly increased levels of tissue damage were detected via TUNEL staining in the lungs and intestine of mice injected with TNF. Interestingly, necrostatin-1 pretreatment conferred protection against lethal SIRS and reduced the 99mTc-duramycin uptake in the lungs 8 h after TNF (SUV, 0.32 ± 0.1 vs. 0.51 ± 0.15). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that noninvasive 99mTc-duramycin SPECT imaging can be used to characterize temporal and spatial kinetics of injury and cell death in susceptible tissues during TNF-induced SIRS, making it useful for global, whole-body assessment of tissue damage during diseases associated with inflammation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinneke Delvaeye
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leonie Wyffels
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Steven Deleye
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium; and
| | - Elke Decrock
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Staelens
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Luc Leybaert
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Anatomy and Embryology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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13
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99MTc-Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime Imaging for Early Detection of Acute Lung Injury in Rats Exposed to Hyperoxia or Lipopolysaccharide Treatment. Shock 2018; 46:420-30. [PMID: 26974426 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tc-Hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) is a clinical single-photon emission computed tomography biomarker of tissue oxidoreductive state. Our objective was to investigate whether HMPAO lung uptake can serve as a preclinical marker of lung injury in two well-established rat models of human acute lung injury (ALI).Rats were exposed to >95% O2 (hyperoxia) or treated with intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with first endpoints obtained 24 h later. HMPAO was administered intravenously before and after treatment with the glutathione-depleting agent diethyl maleate (DEM), scintigraphy images were acquired, and HMPAO lung uptake was quantified from the images. We also measured breathing rates, heart rates, oxygen saturation, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell counts and protein, lung homogenate glutathione (GSH) content, and pulmonary vascular endothelial filtration coefficient (Kf).For hyperoxia rats, HMPAO lung uptake increased after 24 h (134%) and 48 h (172%) of exposure. For LPS-treated rats, HMPAO lung uptake increased (188%) 24 h after injury and fell with resolution of injury. DEM reduced HMPAO uptake in hyperoxia and LPS rats by a greater fraction than in normoxia rats. Both hyperoxia exposure (18%) and LPS treatment (26%) increased lung homogenate GSH content, which correlated strongly with HMPAO uptake. Neither of the treatments had an effect on Kf at 24 h. LPS-treated rats appeared healthy but exhibited mild tachypnea, BAL, and histological evidence of inflammation, and increased wet and dry lung weights. These results suggest the potential utility of HMPAO as a tool for detecting ALI at a phase likely to exhibit minimal clinical evidence of injury.
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14
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Phosphatidylethanolamine targeting for cell death imaging in early treatment response evaluation and disease diagnosis. Apoptosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Hsieh W, Ali M, Praehofer R, Tsopelas C. 68Ga-Ca-phytate particles: A potential lung perfusion agent of synthetic origin prepared in a cold kit format. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:506-516. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Hsieh
- Nuclear Medicine Department, RAH Radiopharmacy; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Masood Ali
- Nuclear Medicine Department, RAH Radiopharmacy; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Renee Praehofer
- Nuclear Medicine Department, RAH Radiopharmacy; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Chris Tsopelas
- Nuclear Medicine Department, RAH Radiopharmacy; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide SA Australia
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16
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Medhora M, Haworth S, Liu Y, Narayanan J, Gao F, Zhao M, Audi S, Jacobs ER, Fish BL, Clough AV. Biomarkers for Radiation Pneumonitis Using Noninvasive Molecular Imaging. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1296-301. [PMID: 27033892 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.160291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Our goal is to develop minimally invasive biomarkers for predicting radiation-induced lung injury before symptoms develop. Currently, there are no biomarkers that can predict radiation pneumonitis. Radiation damage to the whole lung is a serious risk in nuclear accidents or in radiologic terrorism. Our previous studies have shown that a single dose of 15 Gy of x-rays to the thorax causes severe pneumonitis in rats by 6-8 wk. We have also developed a mitigator for radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis that can be started as late as 5 wk after radiation. METHODS We used 2 functional SPECT probes in vivo in irradiated rat lungs. Regional pulmonary perfusion was measured by injection of (99m)Tc-macroaggregated albumin. Perfused volume was determined by comparing the volume of distribution of (99m)Tc-macroaggregated albumin to the anatomic lung volume obtained by small-animal CT. A second probe, (99m)Tc-labeled Duramycin, which binds to apoptotic cells, was used to measure pulmonary cell death in the same rat model. RESULTS The perfused volume of lung was decreased by about 25% at 1, 2, and 3 wk after receipt of 15 Gy, and (99m)Tc-Duramycin uptake was more than doubled at 2 and 3 wk. There was no change in body weight, breathing rate, or lung histology between irradiated and nonirradiated rats at these times. Pulmonary vascular resistance and vascular permeability measured in isolated perfused lungs ex vivo increased at 2 wk after 15 Gy of irradiation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SPECT biomarkers have the potential to predict radiation injury to the lungs before substantial functional or histologic damage is observed. Early prediction of radiation pneumonitis in time to initiate mitigation will benefit those exposed to radiation in the context of therapy, accidents, or terrorism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meetha Medhora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Steven Haworth
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yu Liu
- Center for Imaging Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jayashree Narayanan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Said Audi
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Elizabeth R Jacobs
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brian L Fish
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Anne V Clough
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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17
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Radiolabeled apoptosis imaging agents for early detection of response to therapy. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:732603. [PMID: 25383382 PMCID: PMC4212626 DOI: 10.1155/2014/732603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since apoptosis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and is associated with responses to therapy, molecular imaging of apoptotic cells could be useful for early detection of therapeutic effects, particularly in oncology. Radiolabeled annexin V compounds are the hallmark in apoptosis imaging in vivo. These compounds are reviewed from the genesis of apoptosis (cell death) imaging agents up to recent years. They have some disadvantages, including slow clearance and immunogenicity, because they are protein-based imaging agents. For this reason, several studies have been conducted in recent years to develop low molecule apoptosis imaging agents. In this review, radiolabeled phosphatidylserine targeted peptides, radiolabeled bis(zinc(II)-dipicolylamine) complex, radiolabeled 5-fluoropentyl-2-methyl-malonic acid (ML-10), caspase-3 activity imaging agents, radiolabeled duramycin, and radiolabeled phosphonium cation are reviewed as promising low-molecular-weight apoptosis imaging agents.
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18
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Wang L, Wang F, Fang W, Johnson SE, Audi S, Zimmer M, Holly TA, Lee DC, Zhu B, Zhu H, Zhao M. The feasibility of imaging myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury using (99m)Tc-labeled duramycin in a porcine model. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:198-204. [PMID: 25451214 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED When pathologically externalized, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a potential surrogate marker for detecting tissue injuries. (99m)Tc-labeled duramycin is a peptide-based imaging agent that binds PE with high affinity and specificity. The goal of the current study was to investigate the clearance kinetics of (99m)Tc-labeled duramycin in a large animal model (normal pigs) and to assess its uptake in the heart using a pig model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS The clearance and distribution of intravenously injected (99m)Tc-duramycin were characterized in sham-operated animals (n=5). In a closed chest model of myocardial ischemia, coronary occlusion was induced by balloon angioplasty (n=9). (99m)Tc-duramycin (10-15mCi) was injected intravenously at 1hour after reperfusion. SPECT/CT was acquired at 1 and 3hours after injection. Cardiac tissues were analyzed for changes associated with acute cellular injuries. Autoradiography and gamma counting were used to determine radioactivity uptake. For the remaining animals, (99m)Tc-tetrafosamin scan was performed on the second day to identify the infarct site. RESULTS Intravenously injected (99m)Tc-duramycin cleared from circulation predominantly via the renal/urinary tract with an α-phase half-life of 3.6±0.3minutes and β-phase half-life of 179.9±64.7minutes. In control animals, the ratios between normal heart and lung were 1.76±0.21, 1.66±0.22, 1.50±0.20 and 1.75±0.31 at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3hours post-injection, respectively. The ratios between normal heart and liver were 0.88±0.13, 0.80±0.13, 0.82±0.19 and 0.88±0.14. In vivo visualization of focal radioactivity uptake in the ischemic heart was attainable as early as 30min post-injection. The in vivo ischemic-to-normal uptake ratios were 3.57±0.74 and 3.69±0.91 at 1 and 3hours post-injection, respectively. Ischemic-to-lung ratios were 4.89±0.85 and 4.93±0.57; and ischemic-to-liver ratios were 2.05±0.30 to 3.23±0.78. The size of (99m)Tc-duramycin positive myocardium was qualitatively larger than the infarct size delineated by the perfusion defect in (99m)Tc-tetrafosmin uptake. This was consistent with findings from tissue analysis and autoradiography. CONCLUSION (99m)Tc-duramycin was demonstrated, in a large animal model, to have suitable clearance and biodistribution profiles for imaging. The agent has an avid target uptake and a fast background clearance. It is appropriate for imaging myocardial injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute & Fu Wai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute & Fu Wai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Steven E Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Said Audi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas A Holly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bao Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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19
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In vivo detection of hyperoxia-induced pulmonary endothelial cell death using (99m)Tc-duramycin. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:46-52. [PMID: 25218023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION (99m)Tc-duramycin, DU, is a SPECT biomarker of tissue injury identifying cell death. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of DU imaging to quantify capillary endothelial cell death in rat lung injury resulting from hyperoxia exposure as a model of acute lung injury. METHODS Rats were exposed to room air (normoxic) or >98% O2 for 48 or 60 hours. DU was injected i.v. in anesthetized rats, scintigraphy images were acquired at steady-state, and lung DU uptake was quantified from the images. Post-mortem, the lungs were removed for histological studies. Sequential lung sections were immunostained for caspase activation and endothelial and epithelial cells. RESULTS Lung DU uptake increased significantly (p<0.001) by 39% and 146% in 48-hr and 60-hr exposed rats, respectively, compared to normoxic rats. There was strong correlation (r(2)=0.82, p=0.005) between lung DU uptake and the number of cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) positive cells, and endothelial cells accounted for more than 50% of CC3 positive cells in the hyperoxic lungs. Histology revealed preserved lung morphology through 48 hours. By 60 hours there was evidence of edema, and modest neutrophilic infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS Rat lung DU uptake in vivo increased after just 48 hours of >98% O2 exposure, prior to the onset of any substantial evidence of lung injury. These results suggest that apoptotic endothelial cells are the primary contributors to the enhanced DU lung uptake, and support the utility of DU imaging for detecting early endothelial cell death in vivo.
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