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de Vor L, van Dijk B, van Kessel K, Kavanaugh JS, de Haas C, Aerts PC, Viveen MC, Boel EC, Fluit AC, Kwiecinski JM, Krijger GC, Ramakers RM, Beekman FJ, Dadachova E, Lam MGEH, Vogely HC, van der Wal BCH, van Strijp JAG, Horswill AR, Weinans H, Rooijakkers SHM. Human monoclonal antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus surface antigens recognize in vitro and in vivo biofilm. eLife 2022; 11:e67301. [PMID: 34989676 PMCID: PMC8751199 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Implant-associated Staphylococcus aureus infections are difficult to treat because of biofilm formation. Bacteria in a biofilm are often insensitive to antibiotics and host immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could provide an alternative approach to improve the diagnosis and potential treatment of biofilm-related infections. Here, we show that mAbs targeting common surface components of S. aureus can recognize clinically relevant biofilm types. The mAbs were also shown to bind a collection of clinical isolates derived from different biofilm-associated infections (endocarditis, prosthetic joint, catheter). We identify two groups of antibodies: one group that uniquely binds S. aureus in biofilm state and one that recognizes S. aureus in both biofilm and planktonic state. Furthermore, we show that a mAb recognizing wall teichoic acid (clone 4497) specifically localizes to a subcutaneously implanted pre-colonized catheter in mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate the capacity of several human mAbs to detect S. aureus biofilms in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne de Vor
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Bruce van Dijk
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Kok van Kessel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jeffrey S Kavanaugh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Carla de Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Piet C Aerts
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Marco C Viveen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Edwin C Boel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ad C Fluit
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jakub M Kwiecinski
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Gerard C Krijger
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ruud M Ramakers
- MILabs B.VUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical CenterUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands
| | - Freek J Beekman
- MILabs B.VUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical CenterUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada
| | - Marnix GEH Lam
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - H Charles Vogely
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Bart CH van der Wal
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jos AG van Strijp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care SystemDenverUnited States
| | - Harrie Weinans
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Biomechanical engineering, TU DelftDelftNetherlands
| | - Suzan HM Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
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Abstract
Molecular imaging enables both spatial and temporal understanding of the complex biologic systems underlying carcinogenesis and malignant spread. Single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) is a versatile nuclear imaging-based technique with ideal properties to study these processes in vivo in small animal models, as well as to identify potential drug candidates and characterize their antitumor action and potential adverse effects. Small animal SPECT and SPECT-CT (single-photon emission tomography combined with computer tomography) systems continue to evolve, as do the numerous SPECT radiopharmaceutical agents, allowing unprecedented sensitivity and quantitative molecular imaging capabilities. Several of these advances, their specific applications in oncology as well as new areas of exploration are highlighted in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Franc
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2232, MC 5281, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA.
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Robert Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Carina Mari Aparici
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2232, MC 5281, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA
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van Roosmalen J, Goorden MC, Beekman FJ. Molecular breast tomosynthesis with scanning focus multi-pinhole cameras. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:5508-28. [PMID: 27384301 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/15/5508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Planar molecular breast imaging (MBI) is rapidly gaining in popularity in diagnostic oncology. To add 3D capabilities, we introduce a novel molecular breast tomosynthesis (MBT) scanner concept based on multi-pinhole collimation. In our design, the patient lies prone with the pendant breast lightly compressed between transparent plates. Integrated webcams view the breast through these plates and allow the operator to designate the scan volume (e.g. a whole breast or a suspected region). The breast is then scanned by translating focusing multi-pinhole plates and NaI(Tl) gamma detectors together in a sequence that optimizes count yield from the volume-of-interest. With simulations, we compared MBT with existing planar MBI. In a breast phantom containing different lesions, MBT improved tumour-to-background contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) over planar MBI by 12% and 111% for 4.0 and 6.0 mm lesions respectively in case of whole breast scanning. For the same lesions, much larger CNR improvements of 92% and 241% over planar MBI were found in a scan that focused on a breast region containing several lesions. MBT resolved 3.0 mm rods in a Derenzo resolution phantom in the transverse plane compared to 2.5 mm rods distinguished by planar MBI. While planar MBI cannot provide depth information, MBT offered 4.0 mm depth resolution. Our simulations indicate that besides offering 3D localization of increased tracer uptake, multi-pinhole MBT can significantly increase tumour-to-background CNR compared to planar MBI. These properties could be promising for better estimating the position, extend and shape of lesions and distinguishing between single and multiple lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarno van Roosmalen
- Section Radiation, Detection & Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Ivashchenko O, van der Have F, Villena JL, Groen HC, Ramakers RM, Weinans HH, Beekman FJ. Quarter-millimeter-resolution molecular mouse imaging with U-SPECT⁺. Mol Imaging 2015; 13. [PMID: 25429783 DOI: 10.2310/7290.2014.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited spatial resolution of preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has slowed down applications of molecular imaging in small animals. Here we present the latest-generation U-SPECT system (U-SPECT⁺, MILabs, Utrecht, the Netherlands) enabling radionuclide imaging of mice with quarter-millimeter resolution. The system was equipped with the newest high-resolution collimator with 0.25 mm diameter circular pinholes. It was calibrated with technetium-99 m point source measurements from which the system matrix was calculated. Images were reconstructed using pixel-based ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM). Various phantoms and mouse SPECT scans were acquired. The reconstructed spatial resolution (the smallest visible capillary diameter in a hot-rod resolution phantom) was 0.25 mm. Knee joint images show tiny structures such as the femur epicondyle sulcus, as well as a clear separation between cortical and trabecular bone structures. In addition, time-activity curves of the lumbar spine illustrated that tracer dynamics in tiny tissue amounts could be measured. U-SPECT⁺ allows discrimination between molecular concentrations in adjacent volumes of as small as 0.015 μL, which is significantly better than can be imaged by any existing SPECT or PET system. This increase in the level of detail makes it more and more attractive to replace ex vivo methods and allows monitoring biological processes in tiny parts of organs in vivo.
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van Oosterom MN, Kreuger R, Buckle T, Mahn WA, Bunschoten A, Josephson L, van Leeuwen FW, Beekman FJ. U-SPECT-BioFluo: an integrated radionuclide, bioluminescence, and fluorescence imaging platform. EJNMMI Res 2014; 4:56. [PMID: 25386389 PMCID: PMC4209452 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-014-0056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In vivo bioluminescence, fluorescence, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging provide complementary information about biological processes. However, to date these signatures are evaluated separately on individual preclinical systems. In this paper, we introduce a fully integrated bioluminescence-fluorescence-SPECT platform. Next to an optimization in logistics and image fusion, this integration can help improve understanding of the optical imaging (OI) results. Methods An OI module was developed for a preclinical SPECT system (U-SPECT, MILabs, Utrecht, the Netherlands). The applicability of the module for bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging was evaluated in both a phantom and in an in vivo setting using mice implanted with a 4 T1-luc + tumor. A combination of a fluorescent dye and radioactive moiety was used to directly relate the optical images of the module to the SPECT findings. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was compared to the localization of the fluorescence signal in the tumors. Results Both the phantom and in vivo mouse studies showed that superficial fluorescence signals could be imaged accurately. The SPECT and bioluminescence images could be used to place the fluorescence findings in perspective, e.g. by showing tracer accumulation in non-target organs such as the liver and kidneys (SPECT) and giving a semi-quantitative read-out for tumor spread (bioluminescence). Conclusions We developed a fully integrated multimodal platform that provides complementary registered imaging of bioluminescent, fluorescent, and SPECT signatures in a single scanning session with a single dose of anesthesia. In our view, integration of these modalities helps to improve data interpretation of optical findings in relation to radionuclide images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias N van Oosterom
- Radiation, Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629, JB, the Netherlands ; Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Kreuger
- Radiation, Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629, JB, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy A Mahn
- Radiation, Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629, JB, the Netherlands
| | - Anton Bunschoten
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lee Josephson
- Centre for Translational Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Fijs Wb van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Freek J Beekman
- Radiation, Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629, JB, the Netherlands ; MILABS, Utrecht, the Netherlands ; Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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