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Cocco E, de Stanchina E. Patient-Derived-Xenografts in Mice: A Preclinical Platform for Cancer Research. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041381. [PMID: 37696659 PMCID: PMC11216185 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) has dramatically improved drug development programs. PDXs (1) reproduce the pathological features and the genomic profile of the parental tumors more precisely than other preclinical models, and (2) more faithfully predict therapy response. However, PDXs have limitations. These include the inability to completely capture tumor heterogeneity and the role of the immune system, the low engraftment efficiency of certain tumor types, and the consequences of the human-host interactions. Recently, the use of novel mouse strains and specialized engraftment techniques has enabled the generation of "humanized" PDXs, partially overcoming such limitations. Importantly, establishing, characterizing, and maintaining PDXs is costly and requires a significant regulatory, administrative, clinical, and laboratory infrastructure. In this review, we will retrace the historical milestones that led to the implementation of PDXs for cancer research, review the most recent innovations in the field, and discuss future avenues to tackle deficiencies that still exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cocco
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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2
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Dutta K, Laforest R, Luo J, Jha AK, Shoghi KI. Deep learning generation of preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) images from low-count PET with task-based performance assessment. Med Phys 2024; 51:4324-4339. [PMID: 38710222 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical low-count positron emission tomography (LC-PET) imaging offers numerous advantages such as facilitating imaging logistics, enabling longitudinal studies of long- and short-lived isotopes as well as increasing scanner throughput. However, LC-PET is characterized by reduced photon-count levels resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), segmentation difficulties, and quantification uncertainties. PURPOSE We developed and evaluated a novel deep-learning (DL) architecture-Attention based Residual-Dilated Net (ARD-Net)-to generate standard-count PET (SC-PET) images from LC-PET images. The performance of the ARD-Net framework was evaluated for numerous low count realizations using fidelity-based qualitative metrics, task-based segmentation, and quantitative metrics. METHOD Patient Derived tumor Xenograft (PDX) with tumors implanted in the mammary fat-pad were subjected to preclinical [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT imaging. SC-PET images were derived from a 10 min static FDG-PET acquisition, 50 min post administration of FDG, and were resampled to generate four distinct LC-PET realizations corresponding to 10%, 5%, 1.6%, and 0.8% of SC-PET count-level. ARD-Net was trained and optimized using 48 preclinical FDG-PET datasets, while 16 datasets were utilized to assess performance. Further, the performance of ARD-Net was benchmarked against two leading DL-based methods (Residual UNet, RU-Net; and Dilated Network, D-Net) and non-DL methods (Non-Local Means, NLM; and Block Matching 3D Filtering, BM3D). The performance of the framework was evaluated using traditional fidelity-based image quality metrics such as Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM) and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), as well as human observer-based tumor segmentation performance (Dice Score and volume bias) and quantitative analysis of Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) measurements. Additionally, radiomics-derived features were utilized as a measure of quality assurance (QA) in comparison to true SC-PET. Finally, a performance ensemble score (EPS) was developed by integrating fidelity-based and task-based metrics. Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) was utilized to determine concordance between measures. The non-parametric Friedman Test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare the performance of ARD-Net against benchmarked methods with significance at adjusted p-value ≤0.01. RESULTS ARD-Net-generated SC-PET images exhibited significantly better (p ≤ 0.01 post Bonferroni correction) overall image fidelity scores in terms of SSIM and NRMSE at majority of photon-count levels compared to benchmarked DL and non-DL methods. In terms of task-based quantitative accuracy evaluated by SUVMean and SUVPeak, ARD-Net exhibited less than 5% median absolute bias for SUVMean compared to true SC-PET and lower degree of variability compared to benchmarked DL and non-DL based methods in generating SC-PET. Additionally, ARD-Net-generated SC-PET images displayed higher degree of concordance to SC-PET images in terms of radiomics features compared to non-DL and other DL approaches. Finally, the ensemble score suggested that ARD-Net exhibited significantly superior performance compared to benchmarked algorithms (p ≤ 0.01 post Bonferroni correction). CONCLUSION ARD-Net provides a robust framework to generate SC-PET from LC-PET images. ARD-Net generated SC-PET images exhibited superior performance compared other DL and non-DL approaches in terms of image-fidelity based metrics, task-based segmentation metrics, and minimal bias in terms of task-based quantification performance for preclinical PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Dutta
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Imaging Science Program, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Richard Laforest
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Imaging Science Program, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jingqin Luo
- Department of Surgery, Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Abhinav K Jha
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Imaging Science Program, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Imaging Science Program, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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3
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Zhang H. The National Cancer Institute's Co-Clinical Quantitative Imaging Research Resources for Precision Medicine in Preclinical and Clinical Settings. Tomography 2023; 9:931-941. [PMID: 37218936 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and patient-derived xenograft mouse models (PDXs) can recapitulate important biological features of cancer. They are often part of precision medicine studies in a co-clinical setting, in which therapeutic investigations are conducted in patients and in parallel (or sequentially) in cohorts of GEMMs or PDXs. Employing radiology-based quantitative imaging in these studies allows in vivo assessment of disease response in real time, providing an important opportunity to bridge precision medicine from the bench to the bedside. The Co-Clinical Imaging Research Resource Program (CIRP) of the National Cancer Institute focuses on the optimization of quantitative imaging methods to improve co-clinical trials. The CIRP supports 10 different co-clinical trial projects, spanning diverse tumor types, therapeutic interventions, and imaging modalities. Each CIRP project is tasked to deliver a unique web resource to support the cancer community with the necessary methods and tools to conduct co-clinical quantitative imaging studies. This review provides an update of the CIRP web resources, network consensus, technology advances, and a perspective on the future of the CIRP. The presentations in this special issue of Tomography were contributed by the CIRP working groups, teams, and associate members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Zhang
- Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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4
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Peehl DM, Badea CT, Chenevert TL, Daldrup-Link HE, Ding L, Dobrolecki LE, Houghton AM, Kinahan PE, Kurhanewicz J, Lewis MT, Li S, Luker GD, Ma CX, Manning HC, Mowery YM, O'Dwyer PJ, Pautler RG, Rosen MA, Roudi R, Ross BD, Shoghi KI, Sriram R, Talpaz M, Wahl RL, Zhou R. Animal Models and Their Role in Imaging-Assisted Co-Clinical Trials. Tomography 2023; 9:657-680. [PMID: 36961012 PMCID: PMC10037611 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of high-fidelity animal models for oncology research has grown enormously in recent years, enabling preclinical studies relevant to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer to be undertaken. This has led to increased opportunities to conduct co-clinical trials, which are studies on patients that are carried out parallel to or sequentially with animal models of cancer that mirror the biology of the patients' tumors. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) are considered to be the models that best represent human disease and have high translational value. Notably, one element of co-clinical trials that still needs significant optimization is quantitative imaging. The National Cancer Institute has organized a Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP) network to establish best practices for co-clinical imaging and to optimize translational quantitative imaging methodologies. This overview describes the ten co-clinical trials of investigators from eleven institutions who are currently supported by the CIRP initiative and are members of the Animal Models and Co-clinical Trials (AMCT) Working Group. Each team describes their corresponding clinical trial, type of cancer targeted, rationale for choice of animal models, therapy, and imaging modalities. The strengths and weaknesses of the co-clinical trial design and the challenges encountered are considered. The rich research resources generated by the members of the AMCT Working Group will benefit the broad research community and improve the quality and translational impact of imaging in co-clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Peehl
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas L Chenevert
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Heike E Daldrup-Link
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lacey E Dobrolecki
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Paul E Kinahan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cynthia X Ma
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - H Charles Manning
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Peter J O'Dwyer
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robia G Pautler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark A Rosen
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian D Ross
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (MIR), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Moshe Talpaz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Richard L Wahl
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (MIR), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rong Zhou
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Qin T, Fan J, Lu F, Zhang L, Liu C, Xiong Q, Zhao Y, Chen G, Sun C. Harnessing preclinical models for the interrogation of ovarian cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:277. [PMID: 36114548 PMCID: PMC9479310 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with various etiology, histopathology, and biological feature. Despite accumulating understanding of OC in the post-genomic era, the preclinical knowledge still undergoes limited translation from bench to beside, and the prognosis of ovarian cancer has remained dismal over the past 30 years. Henceforth, reliable preclinical model systems are warranted to bridge the gap between laboratory experiments and clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the status quo of ovarian cancer preclinical models which includes conventional cell line models, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), patient-derived organoids (PDOs), patient-derived explants (PDEs), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). Each model has its own strengths and drawbacks. We focus on the potentials and challenges of using these valuable tools, either alone or in combination, to interrogate critical issues with OC.
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Deep Learning and Transfer Learning for Malaria Detection. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:2221728. [PMID: 35814548 PMCID: PMC9259269 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2221728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious disease malaria is a devastating infectious disease that claims the lives of more than 500,000 people worldwide every year. Most of these deaths occur as a result of a delayed or incorrect diagnosis. At the moment, the manual microscope is considered to be the most effective equipment for diagnosing malaria. It is, on the other hand, time-consuming and prone to human error. Because it is such a serious global health issue, it is important that the evaluation process be automated. The objective of this article is to advocate for the automation of the diagnosis process in order to eliminate the need for human intervention in the process. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other deep-learning technologies, such as image processing, are being utilized to evaluate parasitemia in microscopic blood slides in order to enhance diagnostic accuracy. The approach is based on the intensity characteristics of Plasmodium parasites and erythrocytes, which are both known to be variable. Images of infected and noninfected erythrocytes are gathered and fed into the CNN models ResNet50, ResNet34, VGG-16, and VGG-19, which are all trained on the same dataset. The techniques of transfer learning and fine-tuning are employed, and the outcomes are contrasted. The VGG-19 model obtained the best overall performance given the parameters and dataset that were evaluated.
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7
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Huang Y, Huang Z, Tang Z, Chen Y, Huang M, Liu H, Huang W, Ye Q, Jia B. Research Progress, Challenges, and Breakthroughs of Organoids as Disease Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:740574. [PMID: 34869324 PMCID: PMC8635113 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.740574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional cell lines and xenograft models have been widely recognized and used in research. As a new research model, organoids have made significant progress and development in the past 10 years. Compared with traditional models, organoids have more advantages and have been applied in cancer research, genetic diseases, infectious diseases, and regenerative medicine. This review presented the advantages and disadvantages of organoids in physiological development, pathological mechanism, drug screening, and organ transplantation. Further, this review summarized the current situation of vascularization, immune microenvironment, and hydrogel, which are the main influencing factors of organoids, and pointed out the future directions of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengming Tang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibo Huang
- Department of stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Ghai A, Fettig N, Fontana F, DiPersio J, Rettig M, Neal JO, Achilefu S, Shoghi KI, Shokeen M. In vivo quantitative assessment of therapeutic response to bortezomib therapy in disseminated animal models of multiple myeloma with [ 18F]FDG and [ 64Cu]Cu-LLP2A PET. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:97. [PMID: 34586539 PMCID: PMC8481408 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease of cancerous plasma cells in the bone marrow. Imaging-based timely determination of therapeutic response is critical for improving outcomes in MM patients. Very late antigen-4 (VLA4, CD49d/CD29) is overexpressed in MM cells. Here, we evaluated [18F]FDG and VLA4 targeted [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A for quantitative PET imaging in disseminated MM models of variable VLA4 expression, following bortezomib therapy. Methods In vitro and ex vivo VLA4 expression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Human MM cells, MM.1S-CG and U266-CG (C: luciferase and G: green fluorescent protein), were injected intravenously in NOD-SCID gamma mice. Tumor progression was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Treatment group received bortezomib (1 mg/kg, twice/week) intraperitoneally. All cohorts (treated, untreated and no tumor) were longitudinally imaged with [18F]FDG (7.4–8.0 MBq) and [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A (2–3 MBq; Molar Activity: 44.14 ± 1.40 MBq/nmol) PET, respectively. Results Flow cytometry confirmed high expression of CD49d in U266 cells (> 99%) and moderate expression in MM.1S cells (~ 52%). BLI showed decrease in total body flux in treated mice. In MM.1S-CG untreated versus treated mice, [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A localized with a significantly higher SUVmean in spine (0.58 versus 0.31, p < 0.01) and femur (0.72 versus 0.39, p < 0.05) at week 4 post-tumor inoculation. There was a four-fold higher uptake of [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A (SUVmean) in untreated U266-CG mice compared to treated mice at 3 weeks post-treatment. Compared to [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A, [18F]FDG PET detected treatment-related changes at later time points. Conclusion [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A is a promising tracer for timely in vivo assessment of therapeutic response in disseminated models of MM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13550-021-00840-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Ghai
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Avenue, 2nd floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nikki Fettig
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Avenue, 2nd floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Francesca Fontana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John DiPersio
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mike Rettig
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julie O Neal
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Avenue, 2nd floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Avenue, 2nd floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Monica Shokeen
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Avenue, 2nd floor, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Shoghi KI, Badea CT, Blocker SJ, Chenevert TL, Laforest R, Lewis MT, Luker GD, Manning HC, Marcus DS, Mowery YM, Pickup S, Richmond A, Ross BD, Vilgelm AE, Yankeelov TE, Zhou R. Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP): Bridging the Translational Divide to Advance Precision Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:273-287. [PMID: 32879897 PMCID: PMC7442091 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health’s (National Cancer Institute) precision medicine initiative emphasizes the biological and molecular bases for cancer prevention and treatment. Importantly, it addresses the need for consistency in preclinical and clinical research. To overcome the translational gap in cancer treatment and prevention, the cancer research community has been transitioning toward using animal models that more fatefully recapitulate human tumor biology. There is a growing need to develop best practices in translational research, including imaging research, to better inform therapeutic choices and decision-making. Therefore, the National Cancer Institute has recently launched the Co-Clinical Imaging Research Resource Program (CIRP). Its overarching mission is to advance the practice of precision medicine by establishing consensus-based best practices for co-clinical imaging research by developing optimized state-of-the-art translational quantitative imaging methodologies to enable disease detection, risk stratification, and assessment/prediction of response to therapy. In this communication, we discuss our involvement in the CIRP, detailing key considerations including animal model selection, co-clinical study design, need for standardization of co-clinical instruments, and harmonization of preclinical and clinical quantitative imaging pipelines. An underlying emphasis in the program is to develop best practices toward reproducible, repeatable, and precise quantitative imaging biomarkers for use in translational cancer imaging and therapy. We will conclude with our thoughts on informatics needs to enable collaborative and open science research to advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Stephanie J Blocker
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Richard Laforest
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Charles Manning
- Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes-Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniel S Marcus
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yvonne M Mowery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, Durham, NC
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Brian D Ross
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Diagnostic Medicine, and Oncology, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX; and.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Roy S, Whitehead TD, Li S, Ademuyiwa FO, Wahl RL, Dehdashti F, Shoghi KI. Co-clinical FDG-PET radiomic signature in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:550-562. [PMID: 34328530 PMCID: PMC8800941 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We sought to exploit the heterogeneity afforded by patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDX) to first, optimize and identify robust radiomic features to predict response to therapy in subtype-matched triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) PDX, and second, to implement PDX-optimized image features in a TNBC co-clinical study to predict response to therapy using machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods TNBC patients and subtype-matched PDX were recruited into a co-clinical FDG-PET imaging trial to predict response to therapy. One hundred thirty-one imaging features were extracted from PDX and human-segmented tumors. Robust image features were identified based on reproducibility, cross-correlation, and volume independence. A rank importance of predictors using ReliefF was used to identify predictive radiomic features in the preclinical PDX trial in conjunction with ML algorithms: classification and regression tree (CART), Naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machines (SVM). The top four PDX-optimized image features, defined as radiomic signatures (RadSig), from each task were then used to predict or assess response to therapy. Performance of RadSig in predicting/assessing response was compared to SUVmean, SUVmax, and lean body mass-normalized SULpeak measures. Results Sixty-four out of 131 preclinical imaging features were identified as robust. NB-RadSig performed highest in predicting and assessing response to therapy in the preclinical PDX trial. In the clinical study, the performance of SVM-RadSig and NB-RadSig to predict and assess response was practically identical and superior to SUVmean, SUVmax, and SULpeak measures. Conclusions We optimized robust FDG-PET radiomic signatures (RadSig) to predict and assess response to therapy in the context of a co-clinical imaging trial. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-021-05489-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Roy
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy D Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Foluso O Ademuyiwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard L Wahl
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Farrokh Dehdashti
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Roy S, Whitehead TD, Quirk JD, Salter A, Ademuyiwa FO, Li S, An H, Shoghi KI. Optimal co-clinical radiomics: Sensitivity of radiomic features to tumour volume, image noise and resolution in co-clinical T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102963. [PMID: 32891051 PMCID: PMC7479492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiomics analyses has been proposed to interrogate the biology of tumour as well as to predict/assess response to therapy in vivo. The objective of this work was to assess the sensitivity of radiomics features to noise, resolution, and tumour volume in the context of a co-clinical trial. Methods Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients were recruited into an ongoing co-clinical imaging trial. Sub-typed matched TNBC patient-derived tumour xenografts (PDX) were generated to investigate optimal co-clinical MR radiomic features. The MR imaging protocol included T1-weighed and T2-weighted imaging. To test the sensitivity of radiomics to resolution, PDX were imaged at three different resolutions. Multiple sets of images with varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were generated, and an image independent patch-based method was implemented to measure the noise levels. Forty-eight radiomic features were extracted from manually segmented 2D and 3D segmented tumours and normal tissues of T1- and T2- weighted co-clinical MR images. Findings Sixteen radiomics features were identified as volume dependent and corrected for volume-dependency following normalization. Features from grey-level run-length matrix (GLRLM), grey-level size zone matrix (GLSZM) were identified as most sensitive to noise. Radiomic features Kurtosis and Run-length variance (RLV) from GLSZM were most sensitive to changes in resolution in both T1w and T2w MRI. In general, 3D radiomic features were more robust compared to 2D (single slice) measures, although the former exhibited higher variability between subjects. Interpretation Tumour volume, noise characteristics, and image resolution significantly impact radiomic analysis in co-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Roy
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy D Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James D Quirk
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amber Salter
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Foluso O Ademuyiwa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA.
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Laffon E, Marthan R. SUV max-V for Assessing Treatment Response in 18F-FDG PET Imaging of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts Involving Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1405-1409. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.241778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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