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Chen S, Fu J, Zhao K, Yang S, Li C, Penttinen P, Ao X, Liu A, Hu K, Li J, Yang Y, Liu S, Bai L, Zou L. Class 1 integron carrying qacEΔ1 gene confers resistance to disinfectant and antibiotics in Salmonella. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 404:110319. [PMID: 37473468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella has presented increasingly alarming rates of antimicrobial resistance believed to be a result of a high prevalence of integrons. It is speculated that disinfectant-resistant isolates are due to the expression of qacEΔ1, an efflux pump located in the 3' conserved sequence (3'CS) of class 1 integrons. With this concern, we tested the antibiotic and disinfectant resistance of 581 Salmonella strains collected from different sources, and characterized their integron structures. Gene expression and induction experiments were also performed. Results showed that Salmonella have high resistance to antimicrobials, especially to sulfonamides (SAs, 78.83 %), tetracyclines (TCs, 75.04 %) and benzalkonium chloride (BC, 87.26 %). The multi-drug resistance (MDR) frequency reached up to 63.17 %, and the prevalence of intI1 was 45.78 %. Molecular characterization of class 1 integrons exhibited nine different gene cassette arrays, of these, dfrA12-orf-aadA2 (n = 75), EstX (n = 25) and aadA2 (n = 14) were the most frequent. Importantly, 74.06 % of intI1-positive isolates were carrying qacEΔ1-sul1 genes in the 3'CS. This study also demonstrated that phenotypic resistance to both antibiotics and disinfectants was significantly correlated with the emergence of intI1 (p < 0.05). 91.37 % of qacEΔ1-sul1 positive Salmonella were found with disinfectant resistance. Additionally, expression of qacEΔ1 gene in Escherichia coli confirmed qacEΔ1 is predominantly involved in conferring disinfectant resistance. Disinfectant induction experiments further implicated qacEΔ1 in disinfectant resistance. RT-qPCR revealed a disinfectant-mediated increase in the relative expression of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), aadA2 and dfrA12 on the integron, and efflux pump genes (mdtH and acrD) indicating that disinfectant could trigger co or cross-resistance. Therefore, our study confirmed that using disinfectant could provide selection pressure for strains with acquired resistance to antibiotics, providing new insights into the public health impact of Salmonella and guide continued efforts in antimicrobial stewardship and prevention of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxia Fu
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengzhi Yang
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Li
- Sichuan Province Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Petri Penttinen
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Ao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Aiping Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaidi Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuliang Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Bai
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.
| | - Likou Zou
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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2
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Kani MM, Alabdali YAJ. Mobile genetic elements profiling, gene flow, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, isolated from Al Muthanna hospitals' wound and burn units in Iraq. Gene 2023; 884:147696. [PMID: 37549857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence assessment of integrons among multidrug-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa receives much-needed attention from this study, as we achieved our desired objective by conducting a thorough analysis on one hundred swabs obtained from burn and clinical cases at the hospitals present in Al Muthanna governorate during November of the year 2021 through to March of the year 2022. By implementing various methodologies encompassing the scrutiny of growth traits and cellular composition as well as executing biochemical assays, a total of 55 isolates were determined to exhibit the existence of P. aeruginosa. When cultured in Hifluoro agar media, Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced diverse hues; particularly noticeable was its blue-green colour. It was discovered through investigation that there were no intI2 and inti3 genes present in those isolated. Findings from this research disclosed that about one-fifth, or precisely twelve out of fifty-five P. aeruginosa strains screened, had an actively expressed Integrase I gene. The association between elevated rates of resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents and the existence of integrons is worth mentioning. Furthermore, the assemblage of isolates that were efficacious in the presence of integrons demonstrated an augmented resistance towards several frequently employed antibiotics like rifampicin and ceftazidime. In conclusion, it can be stated with confidence that a considerable occurrence of integrons can be observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains that display resistance to numerous pharmaceutical agents. Additionally, the discovery of the intI1 gene in a considerable proportion of isolates underscores the effectiveness of integrons in conferring resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents. These revelations supplement our insight into antibiotic-resistant mechanisms while also underscoring the necessity for viable strategies aimed at halting and preventing bacterial drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mezher Kani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Muthanna University, Al Samawah, Iraq
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Ahmadian L, Haghshenas MR, Mirzaei B, Khalili Y, Goli HR. Role of MexAB-OprM efflux pump in the emergence of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Mazandaran province of Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2603-2609. [PMID: 36626068 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant clinical isolates can cause many therapeutic problems. The MexAB-OprM efflux pump plays a significant role in expelling toxins and drugs from the bacterial cells resulting in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of the MexAB-OprM efflux pump in the emergence of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. METHODS AND RESULTS For the present study, 100 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from different wards of teaching hospitals (2018-2019). After confirmation and detection of bacteria by standard methods, the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by the disk agar diffusion method. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin was measured in the presence and absence of phenylalanine arginine beta-naphthylamide by the broth microdilution method. Then, the real-time PCR was used to investigate the expression level of the mexB gene compared to the standard PAO1 strain. Forty-one/100 isolates exhibited multidrug-resistant phenotype (MDR), while piperacillin-tazobactam and levofloxacin were the most and least effective antibiotics tested, respectively. Also, 54/100 isolates showed no increased expression of mexB gene compared to the standard PAO1 strain. However, among the 41 MDR isolates, 12 (29.26%) showed a more than three-fold increase in the expression level of the mexB gene. In this study, a significant relationship was observed between the resistance to tested antibiotics in MDR strains and the increased expression of the mexB gene. CONCLUSION We found that increasing the expression of the mexB gene can cause the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains by increasing the minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotics. Then, we need to evaluate the resistance mechanisms separately in different area of a country to improve the antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ahmadian
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Farah Abad blv, Khazar square, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Farah Abad blv, Khazar square, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Bahman Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Younes Khalili
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. .,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Farah Abad blv, Khazar square, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
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4
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Jouybari MA, Ahanjan M, Mirzaei B, Goli HR. Role of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methylase (ArmA) in resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates against aminoglycosides. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:e05992020. [PMID: 33533819 PMCID: PMC7849326 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0599-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the role of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and 16S rRNA methylase (ArmA) in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. METHODS: We collected 100 clinical isolates of A. baumannii and identified and confirmed them using microbiological tests and assessment of the OXA-51 gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using disk agar diffusion and micro-broth dilution methods. The presence of AME genes and ArmA was detected by PCR and multiplex PCR. RESULTS: The most and least effective antibiotics in this study were netilmicin and ciprofloxacin with 68% and 100% resistance rates, respectively. According to the minimum inhibitory concentration test, 94% of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin, and streptomycin, while the highest susceptibility (20%) was observed against netilmicin. The proportion of strains harboring the aminoglycoside resistance genes was as follows: APH(3′)-VIa (aphA6) (77%), ANT(2”)-Ia (aadB) (73%), ANT(3”)-Ia (aadA1) (33%), AAC(6′)-Ib (aacA4) (33%), ArmA (22%), and AAC(3)-IIa (aacC2) (19%). Among the 22 gene profiles detected in this study, the most prevalent profiles included APH(3′)-VIa + ANT(2”)-Ia (39 isolates, 100% of which were kanamycin-resistant), and AAC(3)-IIa + AAC(6′)-Ib + ANT(3”)-Ia + APH(3′)-VIa + ANT(2”)-Ia (14 isolates, all of which were resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin). CONCLUSIONS: High minimum inhibitory concentration of aminoglycosides in isolates with the simultaneous presence of AME- and ArmA-encoding genes indicated the importance of these genes in resistance to aminoglycosides. However, control of their spread could be effective in the treatment of infections caused by A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Asadi Jouybari
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Centre, Sari, Iran.,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahanjan
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Centre, Sari, Iran.,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Sari, Iran
| | - Bahman Mirzaei
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Centre, Sari, Iran.,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Sari, Iran
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5
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Zhang K, Xin R, Zhao Z, Li W, Wang Y, Wang Q, Niu Z, Zhang Y. Mobile genetic elements are the Major driver of High antibiotic resistance genes abundance in the Upper reaches of huaihe River Basin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123271. [PMID: 32629348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are considered a vital reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and are critical to disseminate ARGs. The present study delved into the ARGs pollution of the sediments in the upper reaches of Huaihe river, one of the seven longest rivers in China, by high-throughput quantitative PCR. Subsequently, the relationship between ARGs and the bacterial community/mobile genetic elements (MGEs) was determined. As revealed from the results, the overall ARGs ranged from 2.65×10-3 to 6.14×10-2/16S copies, and the abundance of ARGs in the tributaries was significantly higher than that in the mainstreams (p<0.05). Moreover, the ARGs introduced by tributaries were capable of affecting the whole mainstream of Huaihe river. As suggested from the results of co-occurrence analysis and pRDA analysis, MGEs were reported as the major driver to disseminate ARGs in the upper reaches of Huaihe river basin. The larger the MGEs proportion, the higher the likelihood of ARGs transferring from antibiotic resistance bacteria to human pathogens in Huaihe river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Rui Xin
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ze Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wenpeng Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Zhiguang Niu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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6
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Heidarzadeh S, Enayati Kaliji Y, Pourpaknia R, Mohammadzadeh A, Ghazali-Bina M, Saburi E, Vazini H, Khaledi A. A Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Class 1 Integron and Correlation with Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Recovered from Iranian Burn Patients. J Burn Care Res 2020; 40:972-978. [PMID: 31326983 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of integrons has been highlighted in antibiotic resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Therefore, we here reviewed the prevalence of class 1 integrons and their correlations with antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa isolated from Iranian burn patients. This review was conducted according to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Cross-sectional and cohort studies published from January 1, 2000 until December 31, 2018 were enrolled. Meta-analysis was performed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software using the random effects model, Cochran's Q, and I2 tests. Publication bias was estimated by Funnel plot and Egger's linear regression test. Nine out of 819 studies met the eligibility criteria. The overall combined prevalence of class 1 integrons in P. aeruginosa isolates was 69% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50.5-83%). The highest combined resistance was reported against Cloxacillin (87.7%), followed by Carbenicillin (79.1%) and Ceftriaxone (77.3%). The combined prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates was 79.3% (95% CI: 31.1-97%). Also, a significant correlation was noted between the presence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance in 55.5% of the included studies (P < .05). The results showed high prevalence of class 1 integrons, antibiotic resistance, and MDR strains in P. aeruginosa isolated from Iranian burn patients. Also, most of the included studies showed a significant correlation between the presence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Heidarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Pourpaknia
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghazali-Bina
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Vazini
- Nursing Department Basic Sciences Faculty, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Azad Khaledi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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7
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Ahmadian L, Haghshenas MR, Mirzaei B, Norouzi Bazgir Z, Goli HR. Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Resistance Gene Cassettes Containing Class 1 Integrons in Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:2773-2781. [PMID: 32848427 PMCID: PMC7429104 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s263759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The integrons, as the mobile exogenous elements, play a prominent role in the spreading of antimicrobial resistance genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates to other bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of class 1 integrons andresistance gene cassettes carrying by them in clinical isolates as well as multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods A total of 100 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from 5 hospitals in Mazandaran province, north Iran. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was evaluated using the disk agar diffusion method. Genomic DNAs were extracted and then the presence of class 1 integrons was detected by the PCR test. All PCR products of the positive isolates were sequenced for the detection of resistance gene cassettes by the Sanger method. Results Forty-one percent of the clinical isolates were multi-drug resistant. Also, 42% of the isolates were contained class 1 integron, and 61.9% of the integron positive isolates were detected as MDR. We detected 10 different gene cassettes sizing from 0.6 to 3.5 kb in the present study. The sequencing analysis of the internal variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed that the 0.75 kb gene cassette (aadB) was the most frequent resistance gene (54.76%) among all clinical isolates, as well as the MDR isolates. Other resistance genes detected in this study were included: aadA6-orfD (35.71%), aacA4-bla OXA-10 (21.42%), aadB-aacA4-bla OXA-10 (19.04%), bla OXA-10-aacA4-VIM1 (11.9%), aacA4-catB10 (7.14%), aacA5-aadA1-cmlA5 (7.14%), bla OXA31-aadA2 (4.76%), and aac(3)-Ic-aacA5-cmlA5 (4.76%). To the best of our knowledge, bla OXA-10 -aacA4-VIM1 cassette array is detected for the first time in this study. Conclusion The treatment of infections caused by P. aeruginosa in this region of Iran is a major problem due to the high prevalence of class 1 integrons. It seems that the high prescription of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides for the treatment of these infections may be replaced by other combination therapy stewardships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ahmadian
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Bahman Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Norouzi Bazgir
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Faghri J, Nouri S, Jalalifar S, Zalipoor M, Halaji M. Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility, class I and II integrons among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from hospitalized patients in Isfahan, Iran. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:806. [PMID: 30419962 PMCID: PMC6233361 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The role of integrons in the transfer of antibiotic resistance is one of the important issues, therefore, this study is aimed to investigate antibiotic resistance pattern and prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons in P. aeruginosa isolated. Results Out of 72 confirmed P. aeruginosa isolates, 50% were from ICU patients. Antibacterial susceptibility pattern showed that isolates were most resistant to ceftazidime (76.4%) and colistin was the most effective antibiotic (100%) and molecular analysis of class I and II integrons showed 55.5% and 29.1% of isolates were positive, respectively and the proportions of MDR isolates were significantly higher among integron-positive isolates with 73.6% compared to negative isolates with 22.9%. Our results showed that there was a correlation among class 1 and 2 integrons with MDR P. aeruginosa isolates. According to the importance of integrons in acquisition and dissemination of antibiotics resistance genes, the performance of antibiotic surveillance programs and investigating the role of integrons is recommended to control the spreading of antibiotics resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Faghri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samereh Nouri
- Department of Microbiology, Clinical Laboratory of ALZAHRA Medical Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Jalalifar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zalipoor
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Halaji
- Students Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St, Isfahan, Iran.
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Su HC, Liu YS, Pan CG, Chen J, He LY, Ying GG. Persistence of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial community changes in drinking water treatment system: From drinking water source to tap water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:453-461. [PMID: 29127799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As emerging contaminants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become a public concern. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and diversity of ARGs, and variation in the composition of bacterial communities in source water, drinking water treatment plants, and tap water in the Pearl River Delta region, South China. Various ARGs were present in the different types of water. Among the 27 target ARGs, floR and sul1 dominated in source water from three large rivers in the region. Pearson correlation analysis suggested that sul1, sul2, floR, and cmlA could be potential indicators for ARGs in water samples. The total abundance of the detected ARGs in tap water was much lower than that in source water. Sand filtration and sedimentation in drinking water treatment plants could effectively remove ARGs; in contrast, granular activated carbon filtration increased the abundance of ARGs. It was found that Pseudomonas may be involved in the proliferation and dissemination of ARGs in the studied drinking water treatment system. Bacteria and ARGs were still present in tap water after treatment, though they were significantly reduced. More research is needed to optimize the water treatment process for ARG removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chang Su
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chang-Gui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liang-Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Mobaraki S, Aghazadeh M, Soroush Barhaghi MH, Yousef Memar M, Goli HR, Gholizadeh P, Samadi Kafil H. Prevalence of integrons 1, 2, 3 associated with antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Northwest of Iran. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8:2. [PMID: 29480797 PMCID: PMC5825915 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2018080102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The presence of Class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with multi-drug resistance phenotype has rendered the organism as a new concern. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from hospitals in the city of Tabriz Materials and Methods: A total of 200 P. aeruginosa non-duplicated clinical isolates were collected from inpatients and outpatients in different wards of hospitals from May to November 2016. The bacteria were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method and the presence of integrons was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Colistin was the most effective antibiotic, while 98% of the isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. Fifty-three percent of the isolates were recorded as multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotype; however, 27.5% of the isolates were resistant to more than 8 antibiotics. In this study, 55 (27.5%), 51 (25.5%), and 30 (15%) clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were positive for Class 1, 2 and 3 integrons, respectively. aac(6)II in Class I integrons and dfrA1 in ClassII and aacA7 in Class II integrons were the most prevalent genes. Resistance to aminoglycosides were the most common genes harbored by integrons. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of Class 1, 2 and 3 in integron genes in most P. aeruginosa strains islated from different parts and equipment used in the hospital. The role of these transferable genetic agents has been proven in the creation of resistance. Therefore, it is essential to use management practices to optimize the use of antibiotics, preferably based on the results of antibiogram and trace coding genes for antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Mobaraki
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran - Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghazadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R. Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, I.R. Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R. Iran - Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R. Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran - Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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