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Dahmani W, Akissi ZLE, Elaouni N, Bouanani NE, Mekhfi H, Bnouham M, Legssyer A, Sahpaz S, Ziyyat A. Carob leaves: Phytochemistry, antioxidant properties, vasorelaxant effect and mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 340:119226. [PMID: 39653104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ceratonia siliqua L., is a species of significant nutritional and industrial interest with extensive traditional uses. This fabaceae is renowned for its medicinal properties, including the treatment of high blood pressure. Due to its chemical composition, carob exhibits several valuable therapeutic functions such as antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, and antibacterial actions. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study investigates the chemical composition of Ceratonia siliqua L. leaves aqueous extract (CsAE) and explores the vasorelaxant effect and its underlying mechanisms. Acute toxicity and antioxidant activity of CsAE were also examined. METHODS The phytochemical profile was elucidated using TLC and UHPLC-MS. The vasorelaxant effect and mechanisms were studied on thoracic aortic rings from normotensive rats, using various antagonists. Acute toxicity was assessed by orally administering the extract to mice. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using β-carotene bleaching and DPPH. RESULTS TLC analysis of CsAE reveals flavonoids and hydrolysable tannins. Gallic acid, myricitrin, quercitrin as well as galloylglucopyranoside derivatives were identified by UHPLC-MS. CsAE relaxed phenylephrine-precontracted aorta in a concentration-dependent manner. This response was reduced when the aorta was denuded or pretreated with L-NAME, hydroxocobalamin, ODQ, 4-AP, TEA, calmidazolium chloride, and thapsigargin. CsAE showed significant antioxidant activity with no observed toxicity in the experimental animals. CONCLUSION CsAE has a significant vasodilatory effect, mediated through the CaM/eNOS/sGC pathway, activation of Kca and Kv, and intracellular calcium mobilization into SERCA. It also exhibits strong antioxidant activity, with no observed toxicity in the experimental animals. These findings represent the first evidence of the vasorelaxant effect of Ceratonia siliqua L. leaves from Eastern Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widad Dahmani
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Zachée Louis Evariste Akissi
- BioEcoAgro Joint Cross-Border Research Unit 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Nabia Elaouni
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Nour Elhouda Bouanani
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
| | - Sevser Sahpaz
- BioEcoAgro Joint Cross-Border Research Unit 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, 60000, Morocco.
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Oteri V, Galeano F, Panebianco S, Piticchio T, Le Moli R, Frittitta L, Vella V, Baratta R, Gullo D, Frasca F, Tumminia A. Influence of Mediterranean Diet on Sexual Function in People with Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3397. [PMID: 39408364 PMCID: PMC11479179 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS), a cluster of cardiometabolic disorders, and sexual dysfunction are two conditions that impact a large proportion of the general population. Although they can occur independently, they are frequently linked and significantly affect people's quality of life. In recent years, research has increasingly focused on the importance of diet, particularly the Mediterranean diet (MD), in modulating sexual function due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory properties. In this narrative review, we examined the relationship between MS and sexual function in both men and women, with a special emphasis on the MD's therapeutic efficacy in improving sexual dysfunction. In men, MD has been shown to ameliorate erectile dysfunction, as well as several sperm parameters, perhaps leading to improved fertility. On the other hand, adherence to MD has been demonstrated to partially recover several sexual dysfunctions in women, such as those related to their menstrual cycle, menopause, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome. These favorable effects of MD have been demonstrated in both sexes also among people affected by MS. However, more targeted studies are needed to validate these data for different dietary approaches as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Oteri
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Francesco Galeano
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Stefania Panebianco
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Tommaso Piticchio
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Kore of Enna, 94100 Enna, EN, Italy
| | - Rosario Le Moli
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Kore of Enna, 94100 Enna, EN, Italy
| | - Lucia Frittitta
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Roberto Baratta
- Endocrine Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (R.B.); (D.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Damiano Gullo
- Endocrine Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (R.B.); (D.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.); (S.P.); (T.P.); (R.L.M.); (L.F.); (V.V.)
- Endocrine Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (R.B.); (D.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Andrea Tumminia
- Endocrine Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, CT, Italy; (R.B.); (D.G.); (A.T.)
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Mihaylova D, Dimitrova-Dimova M, Popova A. Dietary Phenolic Compounds-Wellbeing and Perspective Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4769. [PMID: 38731987 PMCID: PMC11084633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Contemporary living is continuously leading to poor everyday choices resulting in the manifestation of various diseases. The benefits of plant-based nutrition are undeniable and research on the topic is rising. Modern man is now aware of the possibilities that plant nutrition can provide and is seeking ways to benefit from it. Dietary phenolic compounds are among the easily accessible beneficial substances that can exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, antiproliferative, as well as cardio-and neuroprotective activities. Several industries are exploring ways to incorporate biologically active substances in their produce. This review is concentrated on presenting current information about the dietary phenolic compounds and their contribution to maintaining good health. Additionally, this content will demonstrate the importance and prosperity of natural compounds for various fields, i.e., food industry, cosmetology, and biotechnology, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasha Mihaylova
- Department of Biotechnology, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Dimitrova-Dimova
- Department of Catering and Nutrition, Economics Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Aneta Popova
- Department of Catering and Nutrition, Economics Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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