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Chiang TY, Wang HJ, Wang YC, Chia-Hui Tan E, Lee IJ, Yun CH, Ueng YF. Effects of Shengmai San on key enzymes involved in hepatic and intestinal drug metabolism in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113914. [PMID: 33571617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shengmai San (SMS) has been commonly used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, of which drug interactions need to be assessed for the safety concern. There is little evidence for the alterations of hepatic and intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes after repeated SMS treatments to assess drug interactions. AIM OF THE STUDY The studies aim to illustrate the effects of repeated treatments with SMS on cytochrome P450s (CYPs), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate)-quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) using in vivo rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SMS was prepared using Schisandrae Fructus, Ginseng Radix, and Ophiopogonis Radix (OR) (1:2:2). Chromatographic analyses of decoctions were performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and LC-mass spectrometry. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with the SMS and its component herbal decoctions for 2 or 3 weeks. Hepatic and intestinal enzyme activities were determined. CYP3A expression and the kinetics of intestinal nifedipine oxidation (NFO, a CYP3A marker reaction) were determined. RESULTS Schisandrol A, schisandrin B, ginsenoside Rb1 and ophiopogonin D were identified in SMS. SMS selectively suppressed intestinal, but not hepatic, NFO activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hepatic and intestinal UGT, NQO and GST activities were not affected. A 3-week SMS treatment decreased the maximal velocity of intestinal NFO by 50%, while the CYP3A protein level remained unchanged. Among SMS component herbs, the decoction of OR decreased intestinal NFO activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that 3-week treatment with SMS and OR suppress intestinal, but not hepatic CYP3A function. It suggested that the potential interactions of SMS with CYP 3A drug substrates should be noticed, especially the drugs whose bioavailability depends heavily on intestinal CYP3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Chiang
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jaan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cih Wang
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Elise Chia-Hui Tan
- Division of Clinical Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chul-Ho Yun
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yune-Fang Ueng
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Tunctan B, Senol SP, Temiz-Resitoglu M, Guden DS, Sahan-Firat S, Falck JR, Malik KU. Eicosanoids derived from cytochrome P450 pathway of arachidonic acid and inflammatory shock. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 145:106377. [PMID: 31586592 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Septic shock, the most common form of vasodilatory shock, is a subset of sepsis in which circulatory and cellular/metabolic abnormalities are severe enough to increase mortality. Inflammatory shock constitutes the hallmark of sepsis, but also a final common pathway of any form of severe long-term tissue hypoperfusion. The pathogenesis of inflammatory shock seems to be due to circulating substances released by pathogens (e.g., bacterial endotoxins) and host immuno-inflammatory responses (e.g., changes in the production of histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, nitric oxide [NO], reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, and arachidonic acid [AA]-derived eicosanoids mainly through NO synthase, cyclooxygenase, and cytochrome P450 [CYP] pathways, and proinflammatory cytokine formation). Therefore, refractory hypotension to vasoconstrictors with end-organ hypoperfusion is a life threatening feature of inflammatory shock. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role of eicosanoids derived from CYP pathway of AA in animal models of inflammatory shock syndromes with an emphasis on septic shock in addition to potential therapeutic strategies targeting specific CYP isoforms responsible for proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory mediator production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Sefika Pinar Senol
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Demet Sinem Guden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Sahan-Firat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kafait U Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Center for Health Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA
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Shamsi S, Tran H, Tan RSJ, Tan ZJ, Lim LY. Curcumin, Piperine, and Capsaicin: A Comparative Study of Spice-Mediated Inhibition of Human Cytochrome P450 Isozyme Activities. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 45:49-55. [PMID: 27821437 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.073213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes (CYP) has been shown to lower the metabolism of drugs that are P450 substrates and to consequently alter their pharmacokinetic profiles. Curcumin (CUR), piperine (PIP), and capsaicin (CAP) are spice components (SC) that inhibit the activities of a range of P450 enzymes, but the selection of which SC to be prioritized for further development as an adjuvant will depend on the ranking order of the inhibitory potential of the SCs on specific P450 isozymes. We used common human recombinant enzyme platforms to provide a comparative evaluation of the inhibitory activities of CUR, PIP, and CAP on the principal drug-metabolizing P450 enzymes. SC-mediated inhibition of CYP3A4 was found to rank in the order of CAP (IC50 1.84 ± 0.71 µM) ∼ PIP (2.12 ± 0.45 µM) > CUR (11.93 ± 3.49 µM), while CYP2C9 inhibition was in the order of CAP (11.95 ± 4.24 µM) ∼ CUR (14.58 ± 4.57 µM) > PIP (89.62 ± 9.17 µM). CAP and PIP were significantly more potent inhibitors of CYP1A2 (IC50 2.14 ± 0.22 µM and 14.19 ± 4.15 µM, respectively) than CUR (IC50 > 100 µM), while all three SCs exhibited weak activity toward CYP2D6 (IC50 95.42 ± 12.09 µM for CUR, 99.99 ± 5.88 µM for CAP, and 110.40 ± 3.23 µM for PIP). Of the three SCs, CAP thus has the strongest potential for further development into an inhibitor of multiple CYPs for use in the clinic. Data from this study are also useful for managing potential drug-SC interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaili Shamsi
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia (S.S., H.T., R.S.J.T., Z.J.T., L.Y.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia (S.S.)
| | - Huong Tran
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia (S.S., H.T., R.S.J.T., Z.J.T., L.Y.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia (S.S.)
| | - Renee Seok Jin Tan
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia (S.S., H.T., R.S.J.T., Z.J.T., L.Y.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia (S.S.)
| | - Zee Jian Tan
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia (S.S., H.T., R.S.J.T., Z.J.T., L.Y.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia (S.S.)
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia (S.S., H.T., R.S.J.T., Z.J.T., L.Y.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia (S.S.)
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