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Akin Belli A, Omarufilo F, Birnbaum J, Emeasoba EU, Sigal SH. The challenges of integrating an immigrant population with chronic hepatitis B into long-term hepatology care: Lessons learned from a Bronx West African screening program. IJID REGIONS 2024; 12:100385. [PMID: 39070138 PMCID: PMC11278613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in West Africa. Because of immigration to the United States, screening and transition to long-term care is a significant public health concern. We describe the challenges of integrating individuals identified in a screening program into long-term care and the spectrum of disease severity. Methods Between 2019 and 2023, 749 individuals were screened. Beginning 2022, all were offered a free serologic evaluation. Details of the previous diagnosis, HBV care, the serologic evaluation, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, and Fibrosis index-4 scores were recorded. The results of transient elastography (TE) were correlated with the serologic evaluation. Results A total of 75 (10%) individuals were hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, including 58 (77.3%) previously and 17 (22.7%) newly diagnosed. Despite attempts at linkage to care, only 14 (37.8%) of those diagnosed before the offer continued and/or entered long-term care. A total of 63 of 75 (84%) returned for the evaluation. Among 56 HBV treatment-naïve individuals, 66.1% had a serologic profile consistent with the carrier state. A total of 10 (18.2%) individuals met the criteria for HBV therapy, and 10 (21.7%) had ≥F2 fibrosis on TE. There was no correlation between aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Fibrosis index-4 scores and TE. Eight (29.6%) of 27 patients with a profile of the HBV carrier state had ≥F2 fibrosis. Conclusion Integration of individuals with HBV from West Africa identified in a screening program into long-term care is challenging. Inclusion of a serologic evaluation in programs for immigrant communities should be considered. Up to 30% of individuals with a serologic profile consistent with the HBV carrier state may have ≥F2 fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Akin Belli
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York, USA
| | - Fatima Omarufilo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York, USA
| | - Jessie Birnbaum
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuel U. Emeasoba
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York, USA
| | - Samuel H. Sigal
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York, USA
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Tochukwu EJ, Onyinye EN, Obinna OE. Assessing the awareness and acceptability of hepatitis B immunoglobulin among pregnant women in Enugu metropolis, Southeast, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241257083. [PMID: 38826829 PMCID: PMC11143833 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241257083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Assessed the level of awareness of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B immunoglobulin, and determined the proportion of pregnant women that will accept hepatitis B immunoglobulin if needed for their babies and the factors that were associated with the choices made by pregnant women in the Enugu metropolis. Methods A cross-sectional study of 379 pregnant women in health facilities in the Enugu metropolis was undertaken between March and November 2019. A structured pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results The overall knowledge of the respondents on hepatitis B virus infection was poor as only 26.6% had good knowledge. Only 25.6% of the respondents had heard of hepatitis B immunoglobulin but the majority of the respondents (93.1%) were both willing to accept to give the vaccine to their babies and recommend the vaccine to their relatives. The educational level and occupation of the respondents were significantly associated with overall knowledge of hepatitis B. Only the religion of the respondents correctly predicted the overall knowledge of the respondents on hepatitis B. Conclusion Despite the poor knowledge of hepatitis B and hepatitis B immunoglobulin among the study participants, the acceptability of hepatitis B immunoglobulin was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enebe Joseph Tochukwu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, College of Medicine/Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Enebe Nympha Onyinye
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Onwujekwe Emmanuel Obinna
- Department of Health Administration and Management, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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Abban E, Owusu E, Kwakye-Abebrese B, Koduah B, Boateng H, Korsah EE, Effah A, Akpobi S, Avoh-Ackah E, Senu E. Knowledge and Testing of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Vaccination Awareness among University Students in Kumasi, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:4052837. [PMID: 38803356 PMCID: PMC11129913 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4052837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and major global health problem, affecting millions of people globally. Whilst college or university students could serve as a positive vehicle that may aid in the propagation of education in the communities, there is currently paucity of data on knowledge of HBV and vaccination awareness among university students in Ghana. This study therefore assessed knowledge on hepatitis B virus infection, testing, and vaccination awareness among science and non-science students in Ghana. Method This cross-sectional study included 386 students from the Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana, from February to June 2022. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on knowledge, testing, HBV vaccination status, and sociodemographic characteristics of participants. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS Version 26.0 and GraphPad prism version 8.0. A Chi-square test statistic and logistics regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with study variables among study participants. p value of <0.05 and 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant. Results About half (51.5%) of the participants had adequate knowledge on hepatitis B infection with 22.3% demonstrating poor knowledge on hepatitis B infection. A little more than average (51.6%) previously tested for hepatitis B (HBV) whilst 32.9% were highly aware of hepatitis B vaccination and 33.9% were not aware of hepatitis B vaccination. This study found that ethnicity of students (p=0.0020), family history of hepatitis B infection (p=0.0160), and academic cumulative weighted average (CWA) (p=0.0020) were significantly associated with knowledge about hepatitis B infection. Also, students reading science-related programs had more than twice the odds (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI (1.03-5.08), p=0.0210) of having tested for HBV infections before compared to students who read non-science programs. Furthermore, sex (p < 0.0001), family history of HBV vaccination (p=0.0260), CWA (p=0.0060), and the program of students (p=0.0020) were significantly associated with awareness of HBV vaccination. Conclusion Knowledge of HBV infection among university students is satisfactory but awareness of HBV vaccination and testing is poor. There is a need to enhance educational interventions to improve the general knowledge of HBV infection, testing, and vaccination in Ghana especially among non-science students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Abban
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Owusu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Bright Koduah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Hannah Boateng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Ekow Korsah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alfred Effah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Solomon Akpobi
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Laboratory Department, School of Public Health, KNUST-IVI Collaboration Center, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Avoh-Ackah
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Empire City Laboratories, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Ebenezer Senu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Olakunde BO, Adeyinka DA, Olakunde OA, Raji HB, Yahaya HB, Ijaodola OA, Adesigbin CO. Barriers to hepatitis B virus screening of pregnant women in primary healthcare centers in Nigeria: health workers' perspective. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:209. [PMID: 37848814 PMCID: PMC10580522 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening is an important component of antenatal care for pregnant women in Nigeria. However, the screening rates remain low, particularly at primary healthcare centers (PHCs). The objective of this study was to identify the barriers affecting antenatal HBV screening in PHCs in Nigeria from the perspective of health workers. METHODS We conducted a survey among 30 health workers from 30 PHCs (one per PHC) across three states (Akwa Ibom, Anambra, and Kaduna) in Nigeria. An open-ended questionnaire was used to obtain written responses on the perceived barriers limiting antenatal HBV screening in PHCs and their recommended solutions to the identified barriers. The data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. RESULTS The perceived barriers exist at patient, provider and health system levels. They included: lack of test kits, unaffordability of HBV test, shortage of trained personnel, poor awareness among pregnant women, knowledge of HBV among health workers, high cost of antiviral treatment, and unavailability of HBV vaccine. The recommended solutions to the identified barriers were: making test kits and vaccines available and free, creating awareness about HBV, and capacity-building interventions for health workers. CONCLUSIONS HBV screening of pregnant women attending PHCs in Nigeria appears to be affected by multilevel barriers. As the country continues to work towards eliminating HBV, these highlighted barriers at the patient, provider and health system levels must be addressed through effective and sustainable interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babayemi O Olakunde
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Ziguinchor Street, off IBB Way, Wuse Zone 4, Abuja, Nigeria.
- Center for Translation and Implementation Research, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Daniel A Adeyinka
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olubunmi A Olakunde
- Department of Disease Control and Immunization, Ondo State Primary Health Care Development Agency, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Hasiya B Raji
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Ziguinchor Street, off IBB Way, Wuse Zone 4, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Hidayat B Yahaya
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Ziguinchor Street, off IBB Way, Wuse Zone 4, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olugbengba A Ijaodola
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Clement O Adesigbin
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
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Ayamolowo LB, Olorunfemi O, Irinoye OO, Afolabi AO. Perceived risk factors and preventive practices of Hepatitis B viral infection among pregnant women in Nigerian hospitals: A cross-sectional study. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2023; 37:100896. [PMID: 37549467 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2023.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study assessed the perceived risk factors and prevention practices of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigerian hospitals. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 343 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at two purposefully selected primary health care centers in Ile-Ife. Women were included in the study using systematic sampling. A structured researcher-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential (Chi-square test and Logistic regression) statistical analysis were carried out. RESULTS More than half (53%) of the respondents had a low perceived risk for hepatitis. Majority (73.5%) had been screened for HBV during the index pregnancy but only 30% received complete doses of HBV vaccine. Respondents who underwent HBV screening during pregnancy (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 0.94 - 4.5), who had completed Hepatitis B vaccination had reduced odds ratios for perceiving risk factors for Hepatitis B Viral Infection (OR = 0.224, 95% CI = 0.94 - 4.5). CONCLUSION Pregnant women had a low-risk perception of HBV infection. The low level of risk perception can serve as a basis for developing preventive interventions aimed at educating and empowering expectant mothers in order to prevent HBV infection and its transmission to their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Love B Ayamolowo
- Department of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Olawumi Olorunfemi
- Department of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Omolola O Irinoye
- Department of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Machmud PB, Mikolajczyk R, Gottschick C. Understanding hepatitis B vaccination willingness in the adult population in Indonesia: a survey among outpatient and healthcare workers in community health centers. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to assess factors associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B among Indonesia’s adult population, considering cultural and geographic differences by analysing the two provinces of Aceh and Yogyakarta.
Subject and methods
An institution-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 community health centres. A multivariable logistic regression model stratified by province was employed to assess variables associated with the willingness to receive hepatitis B vaccination.
Results
We found that participants from Yogyakarta more often had a higher knowledge and risk perception of hepatitis B and were more often willing to get vaccinated than participants from Aceh. We also found that a high-risk perception of hepatitis B infection was associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B in participants from both Aceh and Yogyakarta. Furthermore, in Yogyakarta, a fair and high knowledge of hepatitis B infection and vaccination, being female, and having health insurance covering hepatitis B vaccination costs were associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. In Aceh, health care workers in high-risk units for hepatitis B had a higher willingness to be vaccinated than those who were not high-risk health care workers.
Conclusion
Given the different factors associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B in Aceh and Yogyakarta, this study also highlights the need of a locally adjusted, culture-based approach to improve the hepatitis B vaccination programme.
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Neloska M, Isjanovski V, Isjanovski I. Knowledge of hepatitis B among healthy population in community. Arch Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/aph.2022.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B is the world’s most common blood‑borne viral infection, accounting for 2 billion infections, 350 million carriers, and 6 lakh deaths annually. Aim of the paper is to determine the level of knowledge among healthy population in North Macedonia regarding Hepatitis B virus infection. Material and methods: A community‑based cross‑sectional study was undertaken. Questionnaire was administered to 600 healthy individuals, who heard about hepatitis B. Data handled and analyzed by using statistical package SPSS. Results: The profile of those who give the correct answer regarding the cause of hepatitis B that it is a virus are women (65.3%), aged 40 to 49 (42.8%), by nationality are Macedonian, have higher education (52.8%), 92.8% live in urban areas, 74.3% are married, employed (79.2%) and have a moderate monthly income (68.9). About one‑third of the sample said that loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting also associated with hepatitis B. There is a significant difference in knowledge related to early (prodromal) (symptoms such as cold and flu - fever, runny nose, cough) symptoms of hepatitis infection. Only 17.7% give the correct answer that they register, and 81.7% do not. Jaundice is one of the common symptoms of hepatitis, 32.2% give the correct answer, and 25.8% of the symptoms that are present and common are nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite. Conclusions: Important knowledge deficits about the routes of hepatitis B transmission/prevention were identified. Continued efforts should be made to develop and implement hepatitis B educational campaigns/health promotion for these communities.
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Ahad M, Wallace J, Xiao Y, van Gemert C, Bennett G, Darby J, Desmond P, Hall S, Holmes J, Papaluca T, Glasgow S, Thompson A, Hellard M, Doyle J, Howell J. Hepatitis B and pregnancy: understanding the experiences of care among pregnant women and recent mothers in metropolitan Melbourne. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:817. [PMID: 35461278 PMCID: PMC9034770 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women are a priority group for hepatitis B testing. Guideline-based care during antenatal and post-partum periods aims to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus and lower the risk of liver complications in mothers. This qualitative study explored knowledge of hepatitis B and experiences of hepatitis B related care among pregnant women and mothers. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen women with hepatitis B who were attending antenatal or post-partum hepatitis B care. The interviews were thematically analysed to assess knowledge and understanding of hepatitis B. Participants were recruited from specialist clinics in metropolitan Melbourne between August 2019 and May 2020. Results Four major themes were identified from interviews: (1) knowledge and understanding of hepatitis B, (2) treatment pathways, (3) accessing hepatitis B related care, and (4) disclosing status to friends. Most participants displayed an understanding of hepatitis B transmission, including mother to child transmission. The main motivator of post-partum attendance was reassurance gained concerning their child’s health. Sources of hepatitis B information included doctors, online information and family. Participants identified parents and siblings as sources of support and reported an unwillingness to disclose hepatitis B status to friends. Conclusions Women attending antenatal or post-partum care reported having overall positive experiences, particularly regarding reassurance of their child’s health, but displayed misconceptions around horizontal transmission. Knowledge gained from these results can contribute to the development of targeted models of care for pregnant women and mothers with young children to ensure their successful linkage to care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13112-0.
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Thahir S, Tulenko SE, Ngimbi P, Ntambua S, Matondo J, Mwandagalirwa K, Tabala M, Kaba D, Yotebieng M, Parr JB, Thompson P. Low knowledge about hepatitis B prevention among pregnant women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000450. [PMID: 36962537 PMCID: PMC10021814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Infants infected perinatally with hepatitis B (HBV) are at the highest risk of developing chronic hepatitis and associated sequelae. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HBV requires improved screening and awareness of the disease. This study evaluated existing HBV knowledge among pregnant mothers (n = 280) enrolled in two HBV studies in urban maternity centers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. All mothers responded to three knowledge questions upon study enrollment. Baseline levels of knowledge related to HBV transmission, treatment, prevention, and symptoms were low across all participants: 68.8% did not know how HBV was transmitted, 70.7% did not know how to prevent or treat HBV MTCT, and 79.6% did not know signs and symptoms of HBV. Over half of participants responded "I don't know" to all questions. HBV-positive women who participated in both studies (n = 46) were asked the same questions during both studies and showed improved knowledge after screening and treatment, despite no formal educational component in either study (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for intensified education initiatives in highly endemic areas to improve PMTCT efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahal Thahir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samantha E Tulenko
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Patrick Ngimbi
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sarah Ntambua
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jolie Matondo
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Martine Tabala
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Didine Kaba
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marcel Yotebieng
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan B Parr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peyton Thompson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Emeasoba EU, Omarufilo F, Bosah JN, Sigal SH. Breaking down barriers for hepatitis B screening in the Bronx West African community through education in collaboration with faith-based organizations: A cohort study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2021; 7:100120. [PMID: 36777660 PMCID: PMC9904080 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Many residents of the Bronx are from West Africa where chronic hepatitis B is endemic. Hepatitis B screening is low in West African immigrant communities due to multiple possible cultural and socioeconomic factors. Methods A culturally sensitive educational program on hepatitis B with a special emphasis on the relevance for the West African community was developed. Arrangements were made with leaders of West African faith-based organizations to conduct educational programs following religious services after which a survey was completed to assess changes in attitudes towards the infection and motivation for testing. Arrangements were then made for serologic testing at which time hypertension screening was also performed. Findings Nine events in which a total of 550 people attended were held. Among the 339 (61.6%) participants who completed the questionnaire, 325 of the participants (95.1%) reported improved understanding, and 236 (67.0%) indicated greater comfort in sharing a meal and talking with an infected individual. Two hundred seventy-four participants (82.7%) indicated an intention to undergo testing, and 339 (97.8%) indicated that they would encourage family and friends to undergo screening. Three hundred thirty-two of the 550 participants (60.3%) requested serologic testing. Among those requesting testing, 224 (67.5%) underwent testing. Interpretation A culturally sensitive educational program in collaboration with faith-based organizations is effective in motivating people from West Africa to undergo screening for hepatitis B at which time other preventative health care measures such as hypertension screening can be performed. Funding Check Hep B Navigation Program funded by the New York Council, Gilead Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Global Health Center and generous donations by Friends and Family of Jason Marks and the 41-74 Club of NY. Bayan XXX. fage Yawancin mazauna Bronx sun fito ne daga Yammacin Afirka inda cutar hepatitis B ke ci gaba da yaduwa. Binciken hepatitis B yana da karanci a cikin al'ummomin baƙi na Yammacin Afirka saboda yuwuwar abubuwan al'adu da na tattalin arziƙi. Hanyoyi An haɓaka wani shirin ilmantarwa na al'adu kan cutar hepatitis B tare da ba da fifiko na musamman ga dacewa ga al'ummar Yammacin Afirka. An yi shiri tare da shugabannin ƙungiyoyin addinan Afirka ta Yamma don gudanar da shirye-shiryen ilimi bayan ayyukan addini bayan haka aka kammala bincike don tantance halaye game da kamuwa da cutar da himma don gwaji. Sannan an yi shirye -shirye don gwajin serologic wanda a lokacin ne kuma aka yi gwajin hawan jini. Sakamakon An gudanar da abubuwa tara wanda jimlar mutane 550 suka halarta. Daga cikin mahalarta 339 (61.6%) da suka kammala tambayoyin, 325 daga cikin mahalarta (95.1%) sun ba da rahoton ingantacciyar fahimta, kuma 236 (67.0%) sun nuna ƙarin ta'aziyya wajen raba abinci da yin magana da mai cutar. Mahalarta ɗari biyu da saba'in da huɗu (82.7%) sun nuna niyyar yin gwaji, kuma 339 (97.8%) sun nuna cewa za su ƙarfafa dangi da abokai don yin gwajin. Dari uku da talatin da biyu daga cikin mahalarta 550 (60.3%) sun buƙaci gwajin serologic. Daga cikin wadanda ke neman gwaji, 224 (67.5%) sun yi gwaji. Fassara shirin ilmantarwa mai mahimmanci na al'adu tare da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi masu imani suna da tasiri wajen motsa mutane daga Yammacin Afirka don yin gwajin cutar hepatitis B a lokacin da za a iya yin wasu matakan kula da lafiya kamar rigakafin hawan jini. Kuɗi Shirin Hep B Navigation Programme wanda Majalisar New York, Kimiyya ta Gilead, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya ta Albert Einstein da Cibiyar Kyauta ta Abokai da Iyalan Jason Marks da 41-74 Club na NY suka bayar.
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Olakunde BO, Adeyinka DA, Olakunde OA, Uthman OA, Bada FO, Nartey YA, Obiri-Yeboah D, Paintsil E, Ezeanolue EE. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259218. [PMID: 34714888 PMCID: PMC8555786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a previous review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria (2000–2013), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBV prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria. Methods Four electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus were systematically searched from January 2014 to February 2021. We also searched the African Journal Online and manually scanned the reference lists of the identified studies for potentially eligible articles. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of HBsAg and/or HBeAg among pregnant women in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. We defined HBV infection as a positive test to HBsAg. Results From the 158 studies identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 26, 548 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women across the studies was 6.49% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.75–8.46%; I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.001; n = 20). The prevalence of HBV was significantly lower among pregnant women with at least secondary education compared with those with no education or primary education (prevalence ratio = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.58–0.87; n = 10). However, the prevalence of HBV was not significantly different by age, religion, marital status, or tribe. The prevalence of HBV was not significantly different among pregnant women with previous surgery, blood transfusion, multiple lifetime sex partners, tribal marks, tattoos, scarification, or sexually transmitted infections, compared with those without these risk factors. From a total sample size of 128 (n = 7), the pooled prevalence of HBeAg among HBV-infected pregnant women was 14.59% (95% CI = 4.58–27.99%; I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses of HBV infection by study region and screening method, and meta-regression analysis of the study year, sample size, and quality rating were not statistically significant. Conclusions There is an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Interventions, such as routine antenatal HBV screening, antiviral prophylaxis for eligible pregnant women, and infant HBV vaccination should be scaled up for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HBV infection in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babayemi O. Olakunde
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria
- Center for Translation and Implementation Research, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel A. Adeyinka
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Olubunmi A. Olakunde
- Department of Disease Control and Immunization, Ondo State Primary Health Care Development Agency, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Olalekan A. Uthman
- Warwick Centre for Global Health, Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Florence O. Bada
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Yvonne A. Nartey
- Department of Medicine, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Elijah Paintsil
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Echezona E. Ezeanolue
- Center for Translation and Implementation Research, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
- Healthy Sunrise Foundation, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
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Olakunde BO, Adeyinka DA, Ndukwe CD, Oladele TT, Yahaya HB, Ijaodola OA. Antenatal hepatitis B screening in Nigeria: A comparative analysis with syphilis and HIV. Int J STD AIDS 2021; 32:1290-1297. [PMID: 34387113 DOI: 10.1177/09564624211035922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nigeria has adopted routine screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B virus (HBV) as part of the interventions to eliminate its vertical transmission. However, there is a dearth of evidence on the coverage of routine antenatal HBV screening as recommended in the national guidelines. This study examined the antenatal HBV screening rate and the positivity rate compared with syphilis and HIV. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the 2019 national HIV/AIDS health sector data. The study included approximately 2.8 million pregnant women who received antenatal care (ANC) in over 6000 health facilities providing prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Nigeria. Of the ANC clients, 0.2 million (7.2%) were screened for HBV. At the zonal level, the South West had the highest HBV screening rate (19%), while the lowest rate was in the North East (2.5%). The percentage of pregnant women screened for HBV was lower than those screened for syphilis (16.3%) and HIV (90.3%). Among those screened for HBV, the positivity rate was 5%. The HBV positivity rate ranged from 8.5% in the North Central zone to 1.3% in the South East zone. The positivity rates for syphilis and HIV were 0.4% and 0.5%, respectively. Our results indicate a low antenatal HBV screening rate and a wide disparity compared with HIV and syphilis. This finding highlights the need to understand and address the barriers affecting routine antenatal HBV screening and to strengthen the integration of HBV services into the HIV program in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babayemi O Olakunde
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.,Center for Translation and Implementation Research, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Daniel A Adeyinka
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria.,Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Chinwendu D Ndukwe
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.,African Institute of Health Policy and Health Systems, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope T Oladele
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Hidayat B Yahaya
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olugbengba A Ijaodola
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
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Machmud PB, Glasauer S, Gottschick C, Mikolajczyk R. Knowledge, Vaccination Status, and Reasons for Avoiding Vaccinations against Hepatitis B in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060625. [PMID: 34207829 PMCID: PMC8227242 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination remains low in developing countries to date. This systematic review thus analyzes the determinants of people’s knowledge and vaccination status as well as the reasons why people in developing countries chose not to receive the hepatitis B vaccination. (2) Methods: We searched four databases to identify all studies from developing countries published within the past 10 years. Both low-risk and high-risk populations aged older than 15 years old were eligible for the study. The quality of studies was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale assessment. (3) Results: This study identified 2443 articles, 89 of which were included in the analysis. Monthly income, occupational status, and profession as a health-care worker were the strongest predictive factors for both knowledge of hepatitis B and vaccination status. In addition, strong predictor variables of hepatitis B knowledge were knowing an infected person and level of education, while health insurance, management’s protection at workplace, infection training, and experience of hepatitis B exposure were strong influencing factors for vaccine uptake. (4) Conclusions: Exposure to information, support from institutions, and financial support related to vaccination cost have a positive impact on the knowledge about hepatitis B infection and vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Bungsu Machmud
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.B.M.); (S.G.); (C.G.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Prof. Dr. Bahder Djohan, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Saskia Glasauer
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.B.M.); (S.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.B.M.); (S.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.B.M.); (S.G.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)345-557-3570
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Mudji J, Madinga B, Horsmans Y. Seroprevalence of Viral Hepatitis B and C and Knowledge of the Hepatitis B Virus among Pregnant Women Attending Prenatal Care in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1096-1100. [PMID: 33399040 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) can significantly influence maternal and child health. Although HIV infection, malaria, and syphilis in pregnant women are likely to be systematically screened for and managed according to national guidelines in the Democratic Republic of Congo, there is no plan for HBV and HCV. Furthermore, there is no documentation regarding pregnant women's knowledge about HBV and HCV. This situation has motivated the researchers to undertake the current study, which was designed to estimate the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV. We have also assessed knowledge of the HBV infection among pregnant women who consulted for antenatal care for the first time at Vanga Evangelical Hospital in Vanga. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 457 pregnant women who attended antenatal care. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and previous medico-surgical data, as well as information related to women's HBV knowledge, were collected using a questionnaire. Rapid tests were used to detect HBV surface antigen and HCV antibodies. Most pregnant women were aged 20-24 years. Only 6.8% of respondents had knowledge of HBV, and the main source of this knowledge was health facilities (4.6%). Only 0.7% reported having been tested, whereas 98.5% said that they had not been offered a test. Overall, 18 (3.9%) participants were HBV positive and 22 (4.8%) were positive for HCV. There is limited knowledge about HBV and HCV among pregnant women in rural Vanga. All pregnant women should be screened during antenatal care, and a well-implemented program of management is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junior Mudji
- Département de médecine de famille et soin de santé Primaire, Université Protestante au Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.,Hôpital Evangélique de Vanga, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Blaise Madinga
- Département de médecine de famille et soin de santé Primaire, Université Protestante au Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.,Hôpital Evangélique de Vanga, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Yves Horsmans
- Hepato-GastroenterologyDepartment, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels Belgium
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Adejimi A, Bakare A, Ogunyemi A, Adewole A. Hepatitis B virus infection-related knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices among market traders in Lagos, Nigeria - A cross sectional study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_38_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dagnew M, Million Y, Destaw B, Adefris M, Moges F, Tiruneh M. Knowledge, Attitude, and Associated Factors Towards Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Tertiary Hospitals in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:859-868. [PMID: 33116935 PMCID: PMC7585551 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s273560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem globally. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV is high in endemic countries; however, little is known about pregnant women`s knowledge and attitudes regarding MTCT and prevention methods in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and associated factors of pregnant women towards MTCT of HBV and its prevention in three tertiary hospitals in the Amhara region, northwestern Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019. A total of 1121 pregnant women participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic, knowledge, and attitudes of pregnant women towards MTCT of HBV and its prevention. Data were analyzed using SPPS version 20. χ 2-test, multivariate logistic regression, Spearman correlation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis. RESULTS The majority of 89.6%; 95% CI (87.9-91.3%) pregnant women had poor knowledge of MTCT of HBV and its prevention. However, more than half of the study participants had favorable attitudes. Only 141 (12.6%) of the pregnant women knew that HBV transmitted from mother-to-child and 169 (15.1%) knew that HBV had a vaccine. There was a significant difference in attitude between the three hospitals (P<0.001). In multivariable analysis, education, gravida and vaccination history were independent factors significantly associated with good knowledge and favorable attitudes while income and residence significantly associated only to knowledge and attitude, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The knowledge of pregnant women was found to be poor and their attitude was also limited to MTCT of HBV infection and its prevention. Educational status and vaccination history were predictors of knowledge and attitude, but income and residence only to knowledge and attitude, respectively. This study revealed a lack of knowledge in pregnant women for the prevention and control of MTCT of HBV. This calls for the Amhara Health Bureau and Ministry of Health to promote health education programs for pregnant women attending antenatal care on MTCT of HBV and its prevention methods to improve knowledge and attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulat Dagnew
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yihenew Million
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bikes Destaw
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Adefris
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Feleke Moges
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Moges Tiruneh
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Lisker-Melman M, Khalili M, Belle SH, Terrault NA, Lin HHS, Smith CI, Chung RT, Tsai N, Bzowej NH, Tran TT, Schwarzenberg SJ. Maternal knowledge of the risk of vertical transmission and offspring acquisition of hepatitis B. Ann Hepatol 2020; 19:388-395. [PMID: 32507734 PMCID: PMC7738313 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Universal vaccination at birth and in infancy is key to the elimination of chronic hepatitis B infection. We aimed to assess hepatitis B immune-prophylaxis and perinatal transmission knowledge, in a large and ethnically diverse cohort of previously pregnant North American women, chronically infected with hepatitis B. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Hepatitis B Research Network (HBRN) is comprised of 28 Clinical Centers in the United States and Canada. Female cohort participants were administered a questionnaire to assess: (1) their assertion of knowledge regarding HBV prophylaxis at birth, testing, and diagnosis of hepatitis B in their children, and (2) the percentage of affirmative to negative responses for each of the HBV-related interventions her child may have received. The relationship between asserted knowledge, actions taken and maternal demographics were assessed. RESULTS A total of 351 mothers with 627 children born in or after 1992 were included. Median age at enrollment was 39.8 years. Mothers were mostly foreign-born with the largest percentage from Asia (73.4%) and Africa (11.7%). Of the 627 children, 94.5% had mothers who asserted that they knew whether their child had received HBIG or HBV vaccine at birth, for 88.8% of the children, their mothers indicated that they knew if their child was tested for HBV and for 84.5% of children, their mothers knew if the child was diagnosed with HBV infection. Among children whose mothers asserted knowledge of their HBV management, 95.3% were reported to have received HBIG or HBV vaccine, 83.4% of children were said to have been tested for HBV, and 4.8% of children were said to have been diagnosed with HBV. Younger maternal age was the only factor significantly associated with higher percentage of children for whom mothers reported knowledge of testing (p=0.02) or diagnosis of HBV (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS While high percentages of North American children had mothers asserting knowledge of HBV prophylaxis and testing, knowledge gaps remain, with mothers of 5.5-15.5% of children lacking knowledge of key components of the HBV prevention and diagnosis in the perinatal setting. Targeted education of HBsAg-positive mothers may aid in closing this gap and reducing vertical transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandana Khalili
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Norah A Terrault
- Keck Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Coleman I Smith
- Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Naoky Tsai
- Queens Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | | | - Tram T Tran
- Cedar Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Knowledge, risk of infection, and vaccination status of hepatitis B virus among rural high school students in Nanumba North and South Districts of Ghana. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231930. [PMID: 32320446 PMCID: PMC7176126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B (HB) is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to life-threatening conditions including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Over a billion people are estimated to be infected globally with the hepatitis B virus, with over 240 million chronically infected. Sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana is an HBV endemic area and an estimated 5%– 10% of the population in the region is infected. Research on the knowledge and vaccination status of hepatitis B in rural communities in Ghana is lacking. Objectives The objectives of this study proposed were to assess the HBV knowledge, risk of HBV infection, and vaccination status of high school students in two rural districts of the Northern region on Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional study of a random sample of 426 students from two senior high schools in the Nanumba North and South districts of the Northern region of Ghana on hepatitis B knowledge and vaccination status was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present data on demographic and knowledge variables. A Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in HBV knowledge between male and female students and between students of the two high schools that were involved in the study. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compute the association between HBV knowledge and age of students. Logistic regression was used to develop a model to predict variables that influenced vaccination against HB. Results The results of the study showed basic but not a good knowledge of HBV among the rural high school students, with a mean score of 11.8 (SD = 1.98) out of a maximum score of 16. Descriptive statistics also revealed that only 20% of 426 students ever tested for HBV and 96 (22.5%) were vaccinated against HBV. A Mann-Whitney U test results revealed no statistically significant difference in HBV knowledge between male and female students (p = 0.688, two-tailed) and between the two high schools (p = 0.24, two-tailed). A Pearson correlation showed no relationship between age and HBV knowledge (p = 0.486). Regression analysis showed that only taking the HBV test (p <0.05) and attending Bimbilla Senior High (p = 0.032) significantly predicted vaccination against HBV infection. Conclusion The results of this study has re-echoed the high prevalence of HBV in Ghana. The poor state of knowledge and a high risk of HBV infection among young adults in rural communities have also been highlighted in the findings of this study. Vaccination against the HBV infection was found to be low and consistent with other findings. Finally, HBV screening is shown to be significantly associated with vaccination against the virus, hence the need for national screening and vaccination programs.
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Okenwa UJ, Dairo MD, Bamgboye E, Ajumobi O. Maternal knowledge and infant uptake of valid hepatitis B vaccine birth dose at routine immunization clinics in Enugu State - Nigeria. Vaccine 2020; 38:2734-2740. [PMID: 32007294 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND World Health Organization recommends hepatitis B vaccine birth dose for all infants within 24 hours of birth as the most cost-effective measure to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus infection (HBV). We assessed and identified the predictors of maternal knowledge and infants' uptake of valid hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD). METHODS We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional survey among 366 mother-infant attendees of routine immunization clinics selected by multi-stage sampling technique in Enugu State, Nigeria. We collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, delivery history, maternal knowledge and infant's receipt of valid HepB-BD with interviewer-administered questionnaire. Maternal knowledge was assessed using nine domain questions. Overall, good knowledge was defined as a score of ≥50%. Only infants who received first hepatitis B dose within 24 hours were considered to have received valid BD. We calculated frequencies, performed Chi square test and logistic regression. RESULTS One hundred and two (29.7%) mothers knew HBV can be transmitted from mother to child; 119 (34.6%) and 156 (45.3%) knew their infant should receive valid HepB-BD and four doses for full immunization of HepB respectively. Overall, 114 (31.1%) mothers had good knowledge of HBV and 88 (26.9%) of 327 who delivered at the health facilities had valid HepB-BD. Predictors of maternal knowledge were attainment of tertiary education (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 2.1, 95%CI: 1.3-3.5) and living in rural areas (aOR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.3-0.9). Predictors of valid HepB-BD uptake were maternal knowledge (aOR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.4-4.0) and delivery at facilities offering routine immunization services (aOR: 5.4, 95%CI: 2.5-11.9). CONCLUSION Knowledge and uptake of valid HepB-BD were low. Health education on benefits of valid HepB-BD was given to mothers after administration of questionnaires. We disseminated findings to the State Ministry of Health and recommended integration of child delivery and immunization services for birth dose vaccines especially valid HepB-BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchechukwu Joel Okenwa
- Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria; Enugu State Ministry of Health, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Magbagbeola David Dairo
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eniola Bamgboye
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Ajumobi
- Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria; School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States; Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
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Al-Essa M, Alyahya A, Al Mulhim A, Alyousof A, Al-Mulhim M, Essa A. Perception of and Attitude towards Hepatitis B Infection among Saudi Pregnant Females Attending Antenatal Care Unit in Al-Ahsa City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2020; 12:e6673. [PMID: 31976187 PMCID: PMC6968831 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant females in Al-Ahsa city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) toward hepatitis B virus infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was done at the Maternity and Children's Hospital, Al-Ahsa. A total of 422 of every third pregnant women were recruited from 6/12/2019 to 20/12/2019. Self-administered questionnaire was provided that contained three aspects: sociodemographic, perception and source of information about hepatitis B, and attitude toward hepatitis B infection. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results A total of 422 pregnant women participated in this study with a response rate of 93.7%. Among them, 44.79% had a university degree or higher education level, about 82% had information about hepatitis B virus (HBV) during their pregnancy, 0.9% knew a person with HBV, 48.1% knew that hepatitis B is caused by virus, 72% knew that hepatitis B has vaccine, 41.9% knew that hepatitis B spreads via mother, 79.6% were willing to do hepatitis B test during pregnancy, 80.1% were willing to allow for kids' vaccination against HBV, and 83.4% were willing to allow their kids for hepatitis B testing. There was a significant relationship between the level of education and the knowledge score. And there was a significant relationship between the level of education and attitudes score. Conclusion There is insufficient knowledge among pregnant women regarding hepatitis B infection, while pregnant women showed remarkably positive attitudes regarding therapy and immunization. So, we highly recommend for awareness campaigns about viral hepatitis regarding means of transmission, and possible treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshal Al-Essa
- Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Abdulwahab Alyahya
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Abdulatif Al Mulhim
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Abdulaziz Alyousof
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Mohammad Al-Mulhim
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Abdallah Essa
- Gastroenterology - Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
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Hang Pham TT, Le TX, Nguyen DT, Luu CM, Truong BD, Tran PD, Toy M, So S. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of hepatitis B prevention and immunization of pregnant women and mothers in northern Vietnam. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208154. [PMID: 30969972 PMCID: PMC6457574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Infection at birth due to mother-to-child (MTC) transmission is the most common cause of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Vietnam. This study was undertaken to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women and mothers in Vietnam concerning HBV prevention and immunization. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Quang Ninh and Hoa Binh provinces in 2017. A standardized questionnaire was administered to women when they received care at primary and tertiary maternal health clinics. Multivariate regression was used to identify predictors of HBV knowledge and practices. Results Among the 380 women surveyed, 50.3% were pregnant and 49.7% were postpartum. Despite 70.3% of participants reported having received information about HBV during their pregnancy, only 10.8% provided correct answers to all questions regarding HBV transmission routes and preventive measures. Around half of the participants incorrectly believed that HBV is transmitted through sneezing, contaminated water or sharing foods with chronic HBV patients. Although 86.1% of participants believed that HBV vaccination is necessary for infants, only 66.1% responded they were definitely willing to have their own child vaccinated within 24 hours. More than a third of participants expressed concern about having casual contacts or sharing foods with chronic HBV patients. In multivariate analysis, having received information about HBV during their pregnancy was significantly associated with better HBV knowledge score. Delivery at provincial level clinics was a strong predictor for perinatal HBV screening and hepatitis B birth dose administration. Conclusions The results highlight the need to prioritize educating pregnant women and mothers in future public health campaigns in order to increase knowledge, reduce misperception, and improve hepatitis B vaccine birth dose coverage in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi T. Hang Pham
- Asian Liver Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Thuy X. Le
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dong T. Nguyen
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chau M. Luu
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bac D. Truong
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phu D. Tran
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mehlika Toy
- Asian Liver Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Samuel So
- Asian Liver Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
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22
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Donkor AG, Maimaiti N. A Systematic Review of The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Among Blood Donors in Ghana and Nigeria. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.462711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Dionne-Odom J, Njei B, Tita ATN. Elimination of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B in Africa: A Review of Available Tools and New Opportunities. Clin Ther 2018; 40:1255-1267. [PMID: 29983265 PMCID: PMC6123260 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review article focuses on preventing vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among pregnant women living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where disease is endemic and the estimated maternal HBV seroprevalence is >8%. Available interventions that have been studied in low- and middle-income countries are compared in terms of efficacy and effectiveness in clinical practice. Global disease-elimination targets, barriers to HBV-prevention efforts, and critical research gaps are discussed. METHODS A PubMed literature search in February 2018 identified relevant studies of interventions to reduce or prevent the transmission of HBV during pregnancy or in the peripartum period. Studies that focused on interventions that are currently available or could be made available in SSA were included. Trials conducted in SSA and other low-income countries were prioritized, although studies of interventions in middle- and high-income countries were included. FINDINGS Among 127 studies and reports included in the review, 60 included data from SSA. The most cost-effective intervention to reduce HBV infection rates in SSA is timely birth-dose vaccination followed by completion of the 3-dose infant-vaccination series. The identification and treatment of pregnant women with elevated HBV viral load to further reduce the risk for vertical transmission in SSA show promise, but efficacy and tolerability trials in Africa are lacking. IMPLICATIONS Scale-up of currently available tools is required to reach HBV disease-elimination goals in SSA. Many countries in SSA are in the process of rolling out national birth-dose vaccination campaigns; this roll out provides an opportunity to evaluate and improve processes in order to expand coverage. Early antenatal care, promotion of facility deliveries, and increased awareness of HBV prevention are also key components of prevention success. Future studies in SSA should identity an HBV-prevention package that is effective, well tolerated, and feasible and can be administered in the antenatal clinic and tailored to vertical-transmission risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Dionne-Odom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Basile Njei
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Disease, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alan T N Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Center for Women's Reproductive Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
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Olutomi YS, Bassey E. An appraisal of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus health system in Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/jphe2017.0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Dun-Dery F, Adokiya MN, Walana W, Yirkyio E, Ziem JB. Assessing the knowledge of expectant mothers on mother-to-child transmission of viral hepatitis B in Upper West region of Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:416. [PMID: 28606057 PMCID: PMC5469103 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viral Hepatitis B is of a major public health concern globally, especially in developing countries. Expectant mothers’ knowledge of Mother-To-Child Transmission (MTCT) of the disease is significant in preventing the spread from an infected mother to her child. This study sought to assess the expectant mothers’ knowledge of Mother-To-Child Transmission of viral hepatitis B in the Wa Municipality and Lawra District of Upper West Region, Ghana. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study with a multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select a total of 450 study respondents (expectant mothers), and a semi-structured questionnaire was used for the data collection. Respondents were interviewed using face-to-face interview technique. Results Majority (54.0%) of the respondents were aged between 25 and 35 years and the results were similar in both districts. Overall, 62.4% (281/450) of the respondents had at least Junior High level education, and 76.2% (343/450) were multigravida. Educational levels among respondents in the two areas were above 50.0% and considered relatively high. Respondents’ general knowledge of hepatitis B infection and disease was 46.0% (208/450). However, there was a slight difference between the two districts (40.1% in Lawra District and 51.6% in Wa Municipality). The overall knowledge level on MTCT of viral hepatitis B among the respondents was 34.7% (156/450): the Wa Municipality recorded higher knowledge (43.3%) compared to 24.8% in Lawra District. Conclusion The knowledge level of the expectant mothers on MTCT of viral hepatitis B is relatively low in Upper West Region, Ghana. Majority of the respondents had some form of formal education. The age, marital status, education, occupation, gravity and family setup were found to be associated with knowledge of Hepatitis B infection and MTCT. Thus, there is urgent need to intensify efforts of health staff to educate expectant mothers. In addition, home education and outreach activities should be intensified on HBV infection as well as MTCT. Consequently, planning, implementation and execution of preventive activities, especially in the antenatal clinics should critically consider the social and demographic variations of mothers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2490-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Dun-Dery
- Department of Community Health, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies (UDS), Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Martin Nyaaba Adokiya
- Department of Community Health, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies (UDS), Tamale, Ghana
| | - Williams Walana
- Department Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, UDS, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Ernestina Yirkyio
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Juventus B Ziem
- Department Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, UDS, Tamale, Ghana.,Clinical Laboratory Department, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale, Ghana
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Han Z, Yin Y, Zhang Y, Ehrhardt S, Thio CL, Nelson KE, Bai X, Hou H. Knowledge of and attitudes towards hepatitis B and its transmission from mother to child among pregnant women in Guangdong Province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178671. [PMID: 28575040 PMCID: PMC5456270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a serious public health problem worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV is the major mode of transmission in HBV-endemic areas, including China, where little is known about pregnant women's knowledge of and attitudes towards HBV infection and MTCT. METHODS A cross-sectional survey, conducted in pregnant women in Guangdong Province, China, measured HBV knowledge and attitudes using a questionnaire, at one tertiary and two rural hospitals. RESULTS The total response rate was 94.5% (737/780). Of the 11 knowledge questions, the mean score was 6.73 ± 3.04 (mean ± SD). Most pertinent to preventing MTCT, 53.3% of the respondents did not know that HBV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse and nearly 20% did not know that HBV can be transmitted from mother to infant. The results of the four attitude questions was better with 83% and 85% being willing to be screened for HBV and let their baby receive HBV vaccine and HBIg, respectively. However, only 16.5% of respondents agreed that they would be willing to take drugs that are known not to harm the fetus to prevent MTCT of HBV. In multivariable analysis, higher education level was associated with better knowledge and attitude scores. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about HBV among pregnant women was poor and needs to be improved to prevent MTCT of HBV. Health education needs to be directed towards pregnant mothers, particularly less educated mothers, in high HBV endemicity settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail: (HYH); (ZYH)
| | - Yuzhu Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Stephan Ehrhardt
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Chloe L. Thio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Kenrad E. Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyi Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail: (HYH); (ZYH)
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Ahmad A, Munn Sann L, Abdul Rahman H. Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice related to hepatitis B and C among international students of Universiti Putra Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:611. [PMID: 27443276 PMCID: PMC4957353 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of hepatitis B and C has been reported to be low among respondents in different studies. We conducted a cross-sectional study among international students of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) to ascertain their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding hepatitis B and C and its associated factors. Methods Six hundred and sixty two (662) international students participated in this study. A cluster sampling method was employed and data was generated using self-administered questionnaire, which was validated and its reliability checked. Results Normality test was conducted followed by descriptive statistics, spearman’s correlation and Chi-square tests to explore associations between variables in the study. The response rate was 71.49 %. Of these, 50.3 % of the respondents had better knowledge of hepatitis B; 52.7 % had better knowledge of hepatitis C; 54.8 % had positive attitude towards hepatitis B and C and 77.6 % had safer practices towards hepatitis B and C. Positive correlations were found between knowledge of hepatitis B and knowledge of hepatitis C; knowledge hepatitis B and attitude; knowledge hepatitis C and attitude; knowledge hepatitis B and practice; knowledge hepatitis C and practice; and attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B and C. Similarly, some socio-demographic variables and history of hepatitis were found to be associated with knowledge, attitude and practice related to hepatitis B and C. Conclusion The levels of knowledge and attitude towards hepatitis B and C were low among respondents but majority of them exhibited safe practices. The study level, faculty, age, nationality, marital status and gender of the respondents were significantly associated with their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices towards the disease. These findings imply that there is need for hepatitis health promotion among the international students of UPM and possibly other international students across the globe. It will serve to improve their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices in short term and get them protected against the disease in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Ahmad
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Medicine, Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Lye Munn Sann
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hejar Abdul Rahman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Adjei CA, Asamoah R, Atibila F, Ti-Enkawol GN, Ansah-Nyarko M. Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B: extent of knowledge of physicians and midwives in Eastern region of Ghana. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:537. [PMID: 27401399 PMCID: PMC4939625 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mother -to -Child transmission of hepatitis B infection remains a major public health concern particularly in Africa. Adequate knowledge of physicians and midwives is crucial in averting most of the hepatitis B viral transmissions from mothers to their new-borns. However, there is a dearth of evidence on extent of knowledge of physicians and midwives in Ghana inspite of the increasing incidence of hepatitis B infection in the country. This study therefore assessed the knowledge level of physicians and midwives regarding Mother-to-Child transmission of hepatitis B in the Eastern region of Ghana. Methods A Cross sectional survey was conducted between August to November, 2015 using semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Study participants were recruited from five health facilities and their level of awareness and knowledge about Mother-to-Child transmission of hepatitis B were assessed. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05 alpha level. Results The findings showed that both physicians and midwives had good knowledge on Mother-to-Child transmission of hepatitis B infection. However, there were some knowledge gaps regarding effective hepatitis B prevention from mother to their newborns such as the use of hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin. Additionally, 49.2 % (n = 62) of the participants had never attended any workshop on Mother-to-Child transmission of hepatitis B since completion of formal training. Conclusions Developing appropriate periodic training programmes on current issues of hepatitis B for physicians and midwives in Eastern region will further enhance their knowledge. It is recommended that, further study examine if the knowledge of the respondents is translated into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Ampong Adjei
- Department of Nursing, Valley View University, Box AF 595, , Adentan, Accra, Ghana.
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Guingané AN, Meda N, Sombié R, Béré/Somé C, Sia L, Ido/Da R, Guiraud I, Bougouma A. Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B in the Urban District Health Baskuy Burkina Faso. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ojgas.2016.66023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hepatitis B Awareness and Knowledge in Asian Communities in British Columbia. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 2016:4278724. [PMID: 27446839 PMCID: PMC4904637 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4278724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Our study examined hepatitis B virus (HBV) awareness and knowledge in Asian communities in British Columbia (BC). Methods. A statistical random sample representation of Chinese, Korean, Filipino, South Asian, and Southeast Asian populations in Greater Vancouver was surveyed by telephone. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of HBV knowledge. Results. General awareness of HBV was reported in 78.8% (798/1013). HBV awareness was the highest in Chinese (89%) and Filipino (88%) populations and the lowest in the South Asian (56%) population. "Reasonable" knowledge of HBV was elicited in 76.8% (778/1013). Higher HBV knowledge was associated with younger age (p = 0.014), higher education (p < 0.0001), Chinese ethnicity (p < 0.0001), and use of media (p = 0.01) and Internet (p = 0.024) for health information. Compared to the Chinese (OR = 1.0) population, "reasonable" knowledge of HBV was lower in Korean (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.5), Filipino (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.6), South Asian (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.4), and Southeast Asian (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.6) populations. 54.8% (555/1013) felt that HBV education was inadequate and 80.1% (811/1013) preferred HBV education in their native languages. Conclusion. Compared to the Chinese population, other Asian communities in BC have lower HBV awareness and knowledge. Public education should target older and less educated and Korean, Filipino, South Asian, and Southeast Asian populations in their native languages via media and Internet.
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