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Ortiz-Gracia A, Ríos M, Tobías E, Noguera-Julian A, García-García FJ, Cantó-Santos J, Valls-Roca L, Garrabou G, Grau JM, Cardellach F, Sánchez E, Morén C, Fortuny C. Assessment of mitochondrial toxicity in newborns and infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection treated with valganciclovir. Arch Dis Child 2022; 107:686-691. [PMID: 35288419 PMCID: PMC9209682 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganciclovir/valganciclovir is currently indicated during the first 6 months of life in symptomatic children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, this treatment may have the potential to induce mitochondrial toxicity due to off-target inhibition of DNA-polymerases. Similar anti-HIV drugs have been associated with mitochondrial toxicity but this has never been explored in CMV. OBJECTIVE To determine the potential mitochondrial toxicity profile at the genetic, functional and biogenesis level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a cohort of newborns and infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection (treated with valganciclovir, untreated and uninfected controls). DESIGN Longitudinal, observational and controlled study. SETTING AND PATIENTS Subjects were recruited at the tertiary referral Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and experiments were conducted at IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain. CMV-infected newborns underwent comprehensive monthly clinical follow-up. METHODS Mitochondrial parameters, audiometry and neurological assessment were measured at baseline, 3-6 and 12 months after inclusion in the study. The Kruskal-Wallis test for k-independent samples and Friedman tests for repeated measurements were applied. RESULTS Complex IV, citrate synthase enzymatic activities and mtDNA remained preserved in congenital CMV-infected infants treated with valganciclovir compared with controls (p>0.05 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS No evidence of mitochondrial toxicity was found in infants treated with valganciclovir for congenital CMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ortiz-Gracia
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Ríos
- Malalties Infeccioses i Resposta Inflamatòria Sistèmica en Pediatria, Unitat d’Infeccions, Servei de Pediatria, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Noguera-Julian
- Malalties Infeccioses i Resposta Inflamatòria Sistèmica en Pediatria, Unitat d’Infeccions, Servei de Pediatria, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain,Red de Investigación Translacional en Infectología Pediátrica RITIP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Josep García-García
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Cantó-Santos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Valls-Roca
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Grau
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Cellex, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilia Sánchez
- Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constanza Morén
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,Cellex, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona HCB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Fortuny
- Malalties Infeccioses i Resposta Inflamatòria Sistèmica en Pediatria, Unitat d’Infeccions, Servei de Pediatria, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain,Red de Investigación Translacional en Infectología Pediátrica RITIP, Madrid, Spain
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2
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González-Casacuberta I, Juárez-Flores DL, Ezquerra M, Fucho R, Catalán-García M, Guitart-Mampel M, Tobías E, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC, Tolosa E, Martí MJ, Grau JM, Fernández-Santiago R, Cardellach F, Morén C, Garrabou G. Mitochondrial and autophagic alterations in skin fibroblasts from Parkinson disease patients with Parkin mutations. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3750-3767. [PMID: 31180333 PMCID: PMC6594812 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PRKN encodes an E3-ubiquitin-ligase involved in multiple cell processes including mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. Previous studies reported alterations of mitochondrial function in fibroblasts from patients with PRKN mutation-associated Parkinson’s disease (PRKN-PD) but have been only conducted in glycolytic conditions, potentially masking mitochondrial alterations. Additionally, autophagy flux studies in this cell model are missing. We analyzed mitochondrial function and autophagy in PRKN-PD skin-fibroblasts (n=7) and controls (n=13) in standard (glucose) and mitochondrial-challenging (galactose) conditions. In glucose, PRKN-PD fibroblasts showed preserved mitochondrial bioenergetics with trends to abnormally enhanced mitochondrial respiration that, accompanied by decreased CI, may account for the increased oxidative stress. In galactose, PRKN-PD fibroblasts exhibited decreased basal/maximal respiration vs. controls and reduced mitochondrial CIV and oxidative stress compared to glucose, suggesting an inefficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity to meet an extra metabolic requirement. PRKN-PD fibroblasts presented decreased autophagic flux with reduction of autophagy substrate and autophagosome synthesis in both conditions. The alterations exhibited under neuron-like oxidative environment (galactose), may be relevant to the disease pathogenesis potentially explaining the increased susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons to undergo degeneration. Abnormal PRKN-PD phenotype supports the usefulness of fibroblasts to model disease and the view of PD as a systemic disease where molecular alterations are present in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid González-Casacuberta
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Diana-Luz Juárez-Flores
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Catalán-García
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - José Carlos Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - María-José Martí
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Grau
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernández-Santiago
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Constanza Morén
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
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3
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Shen J, Liberty A, Shiau S, Strehlau R, Pierson S, Patel F, Wang L, Burke M, Violari A, Coovadia A, Abrams EJ, Arpadi S, Foca M, Kuhn L. Mitochondrial Impairment in Well-Suppressed Children with Perinatal HIV-Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:27-38. [PMID: 31179720 PMCID: PMC6944140 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2018.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment is reported in HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as those naive to ART. Whether mitochondrial function recovers with early initiation of ART and sustained viral suppression on long-term ART is unclear. In this study, we evaluate mitochondrial markers in well-suppressed perinatally HIV-infected children initiated on ART early in life. We selected a cross-sectional sample of 120 HIV-infected children with viral load <400 copies/mL and 60 age-matched uninfected children (22 HIV-exposed uninfected) enrolled in a cohort study in Johannesburg, South Africa. Complex IV (CIV) and citrate synthase (CS) activity were measured by spectrophotometry. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content relative to nuclear DNA (nDNA) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and expressed as copies/nDNA. Mitochondrial markers were impaired in HIV-infected children, including lower mean CIV activities [1.76 vs. 1.40 optical densities (OD)/min], higher risk of a CIV/CS ratio ≤0.22 (third quartile; odds ratio = 3.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.38-6.66), and lower mtDNA content. Children with shorter versus longer ART duration (<6.3 vs. ≥6.3 years) had lower means of CIV activity (1.22-1.58 OD/min) and mtDNA content (386-907 copies/nDNA). There were no differences in mitochondrial markers between children who started ART earlier (<6 months) or later (6-24 months). CIV activity was impaired in children with lower height-for-age Z-scores (HAZs). Despite early treatment and prolonged viral suppression, HIV-infected children had detectable mitochondrial impairment, particularly among those with stunted growth. Further study is required to determine if continued treatment will lead to full recovery of mitochondrial function in HIV-infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Afaaf Liberty
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Shiau
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Renate Strehlau
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sheila Pierson
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Faeezah Patel
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - LiQun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Megan Burke
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Avy Violari
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ashraf Coovadia
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elaine J. Abrams
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Stephen Arpadi
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Marc Foca
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Louise Kuhn
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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4
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Ren S, Rehman ZU, Shi M, Yang B, Liu P, Yin Y, Qu Y, Meng C, Yang Z, Gao X, Sun Y, Ding C. Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion proteins of virulent Newcastle disease virus cooperatively disturb fusion-fission homeostasis to enhance mitochondrial function by activating the unfolded protein response of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress. Vet Res 2019; 50:37. [PMID: 31118100 PMCID: PMC6530190 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The fusogenically activated F and HN proteins of virulent NDV induce complete autophagic flux in DF-1 and A549 cells. However, the effect of both glycoproteins on mitochondria remains elusive. Here, we found that F and HN cooperation increases mitochondrial biogenesis but does not cause the mitochondria damage. We observed that both glycoproteins change the morphological characteristics and spatial distribution of intracellular mitochondria. F and HN cooperate cooperatively to induce ER stress and UPRmt. Our preliminary data suggested that F and HN cooperatively disturb mitochondrial fusion–fission homeostasis to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, and eventually meet the energy demand of syncytium formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Ren
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zaib Ur Rehman
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mengyu Shi
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Wulumuqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Panrao Liu
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuncong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yurong Qu
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Gao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandary, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yang Zhou, 225009, China.
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5
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Juárez-Flores DL, González-Casacuberta I, Ezquerra M, Bañó M, Carmona-Pontaque F, Catalán-García M, Guitart-Mampel M, Rivero JJ, Tobias E, Milisenda JC, Tolosa E, Marti MJ, Fernández-Santiago R, Cardellach F, Morén C, Garrabou G. Exhaustion of mitochondrial and autophagic reserve may contribute to the development of LRRK2 G2019S -Parkinson's disease. J Transl Med 2018; 16:160. [PMID: 29884186 PMCID: PMC5994110 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction has been described as etiologic factors in different experimental models of PD. We aimed to study the role of mitochondria and autophagy in LRRK2G2019S-mutation, and its relationship with the presence of PD-symptoms. Methods Fibroblasts from six non-manifesting LRRK2G2019S-carriers (NM-LRRK2G2019S) and seven patients with LRRK2G2019S-associated PD (PD-LRRK2G2019S) were compared to eight healthy controls (C). An exhaustive assessment of mitochondrial performance and autophagy was performed after 24-h exposure to standard (glucose) or mitochondrial-challenging environment (galactose), where mitochondrial and autophagy impairment may be heightened. Results A similar mitochondrial phenotype of NM-LRRK2G2019S and controls, except for an early mitochondrial depolarization (54.14% increased, p = 0.04), was shown in glucose. In response to galactose, mitochondrial dynamics of NM-LRRK2G2019S improved (− 17.54% circularity, p = 0.002 and + 42.53% form factor, p = 0.051), probably to maintain ATP levels over controls. A compromised bioenergetic function was suggested in PD-LRRK2G2019S when compared to controls in glucose media. An inefficient response to galactose and worsened mitochondrial dynamics (− 37.7% mitochondrial elongation, p = 0.053) was shown, leading to increased oxidative stress. Autophagy initiation (SQTSM/P62) was upregulated in NM-LRRK2G2019S when compared to controls (glucose + 118.4%, p = 0.014; galactose + 114.44%, p = 0.009,) and autophagosome formation increased in glucose media. Despite of elevated SQSTM1/P62 levels of PD-NMG2019S when compared to controls (glucose + 226.14%, p = 0.04; galactose + 78.5%, p = 0.02), autophagosome formation was deficient in PD-LRRK2G2019S when compared to NM-LRRK2G2019S (− 71.26%, p = 0.022). Conclusions Enhanced mitochondrial performance of NM-LRRK2G2019S in mitochondrial-challenging conditions and upregulation of autophagy suggests that an exhaustion of mitochondrial bioenergetic and autophagic reserve, may contribute to the development of PD in LRRK2G2019S mutation carriers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1526-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Luz Juárez-Flores
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ingrid González-Casacuberta
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Laboratory of Parkinson disease and other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Bañó
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marc Catalán-García
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Rivero
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Tobias
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Cesar Milisenda
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Laboratory of Parkinson disease and other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Marti
- Laboratory of Parkinson disease and other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Fernández-Santiago
- Laboratory of Parkinson disease and other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Constanza Morén
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
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Placental Mitochondrial Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in HIV Pregnancies Under Antiretroviral Treatment Containing Zidovudine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 75:e113-e119. [PMID: 28234688 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether mitochondrial, oxidative, and apoptotic abnormalities in placenta derived from HIV and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing zidovudine (AZT) could be associated with adverse perinatal outcome. DESIGN Cross-sectional, controlled, observational study. METHODS We studied obstetric results and mitochondrial, oxidative, and apoptotic state in placenta of 24 treated HIV-infected and 32 -uninfected pregnant women. We measured mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (mtND2/n18SrRNA), oxidative stress by the spectrophotometric quantification of lipid peroxidation and apoptosis by Western blot analysis of active caspase-3 respect to β-actin content and analysis of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. RESULTS Global adverse perinatal outcome (defined as preterm delivery or/and small newborns for gestational age) was significantly increased in HIV pregnancies [or 6.7 (1.3-33.2); P < 0.05]. mtDNA content in HIV-infected women was significantly depleted (39.20% ± 2.78%) with respect to controls (0.59 ± 0.03 vs. 0.97 ± 0.07; P < 0.001). A significant 29.50% ± 9.14% increase in oxidative stress was found in placentas of HIV-infected women (23.23 ± 1.64 vs. 17.94 ± 1.03; P < 0.01). A trend toward 41.18% ± 29.41% increased apoptosis active caspase-3/β-actin was found in HIV patients (0.48 ± 0.10 vs. 0.34 ± 0.05; P = not significant), confirmed by transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Adverse perinatal outcome did not correlate mitochondrial, oxidative, or apoptotic findings. CONCLUSIONS Placentas of HIV-infected pregnant women under AZT cART showed evidence of mtDNA depletion, increased oxidative stress levels, and apoptosis suggestive of secondary mitochondrial failure, potential base of associated adverse perinatal outcome. Despite the fact that further demonstration of causality would need new approaches and bigger sample sizes, AZT-sparing cART should be considered in the context of pregnancy.
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Distinct Mitochondrial Disturbance in CD4+T and CD8+T Cells From HIV-Infected Patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 74:206-212. [PMID: 27608061 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction has frequently been found in HIV-infected patients regardless of whether they received antiretroviral therapy (ART). Accumulating evidence suggests that HIV-infected patients exhibit marked changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, adenosine triphosphate generation, mitochondrial mass (MM), mitochondrial DNA, etc. However, mitochondrial toxicity in CD4T and CD8T cells caused by different levels of HIV progression and ART is poorly understood. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 97 ART-naïve HIV-infected patients with different CD4T cell counts, 97 nucleoside-reverse transcriptase inhibitors-exposed HIV-infected patients, and 25 HIV-negative subjects. MMP, ROS, and MM in CD4T and CD8T cells were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS In healthy subjects, the levels of MMP and MM in CD4T cells were higher than those in CD8T cells. HIV infection led to an increase in MM in CD4T and CD8T cells, but mainly influenced MMP in CD8T cells and ROS accumulation in CD4T cells. MM in CD4T and CD8T cells gradually increased after the loss of CD4T cells. Although the dynamic changes in MMP in CD4T cells were different from those in CD8T cells during highly active ART, MM in both CD4T and CD8T cells was significantly decreased after 2 years of therapy, but increased again after 3 years. CONCLUSIONS HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy both led to mitochondrial disturbances in CD4T cells and CD8T cells; however, the abnormal changes in mitochondrial parameters in CD4+T cells were different from those in CD8T cells caused by HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy.
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8
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Hernandez S, Moren C, Catalán‐García M, Lopez M, Guitart‐Mampel M, Coll O, Garcia L, Milisenda J, Justamante A, Gatell JM, Cardellach F, Gratacos E, Miro Ò, Garrabou G. Mitochondrial toxicity and caspase activation in HIV pregnant women. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:26-34. [PMID: 27577111 PMCID: PMC5192803 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of HIV-infection and highly active anti-retroviral treatment in mitochondria and apoptotic activation of caspases during pregnancy and their association with adverse perinatal outcome. Changes of mitochondrial parameters and apoptotic caspase activation in maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared at first trimester of pregnancy and delivery in 27 HIV-infected and -treated pregnant women versus 24 uninfected pregnant controls. We correlated immunovirological, therapeutic and perinatal outcome with experimental findings: mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial function and apoptotic caspase activation. The HIV pregnancies showed increased adverse perinatal outcome (OR: 4.81 [1.14-20.16]; P < 0.05) and decreased mtDNA content (42.66 ± 5.94%, P < 0.01) compared to controls, even higher in naïve participants. This depletion caused a correlated decrease in mitochondrial protein synthesis (12.82 ± 5.73%, P < 0.01) and function (20.50 ± 10.14%, P < 0.001), not observed in controls. Along pregnancy, apoptotic caspase-3 activation increased 63.64 ± 45.45% in controls (P < 0.001) and 100.00 ± 47.37% in HIV-pregnancies (P < 0.001), in correlation with longer exposure to nucleoside analogues. HIV-infected women showed increased obstetric problems and declined genetic and functional mitochondrial parameters during pregnancy, especially those firstly exposed to anti-retrovirals. The apoptotic activation of caspases along pregnancy is emphasized in HIV pregnancies promoted by nucleoside analogues. However, we could not demonstrate direct mitochondrial or apoptotic implication in adverse obstetric outcome probably because of the reduced sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hernandez
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine DepartmentClinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and NeonatologyHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Constanza Moren
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Marc Catalán‐García
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Marta Lopez
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine DepartmentClinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and NeonatologyHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Mariona Guitart‐Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | | | - Laura Garcia
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine DepartmentClinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and NeonatologyHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Jose Milisenda
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Angela Justamante
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | | | - Francesc Cardellach
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine DepartmentClinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and NeonatologyHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Òscar Miro
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Gloria Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function LaboratoryCellex‐IDIBAPSFaculty of Medicine‐University of BarcelonaHospital Clinic of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
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9
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Impaired Mitochondrial Function and Dynamics in the Pathogenesis of FXTAS. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6896-6902. [PMID: 27771901 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial involvement plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. At least one-third of adult carriers of a FMR1 premutation (55-200 CGG repeats) are at risk of presenting an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder known as fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). In an attempt to provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of FXTAS, we characterized mitochondrial function and dynamics by the assessment of oxidative respiratory chain function, mitochondrial content, oxidative stress levels, and mitochondrial network complexity. Regarding mitochondrial function, we found that mitochondrial respiratory capacity is compromised in skin fibroblasts whereas in blood, no differences were observed between the FXTAS and control groups. Furthermore, fibroblasts from FXTAS patients presented altered mitochondrial architecture, with more circular and less interconnected mitochondria being observed. Mitochondrial function and dynamics deregulation and characteristic of neurological disorders are present in FXTAS patients. These features might be limiting temporal and spatial bioenergetics cells supply and thus contributing to disease pathogenesis.
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10
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Mitochondrial DNA disturbances and deregulated expression of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial fusion proteins in sporadic inclusion body myositis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1741-51. [PMID: 27413019 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is one of the most common myopathies in elderly people. Mitochondrial abnormalities at the histological level are present in these patients. We hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in disease aetiology. We took the following measurements of muscle and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 sIBM patients and 38 age- and gender-paired controls: mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions, amount of mtDNA and mtRNA, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex I and IV enzymatic activity, mitochondrial mass, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics (mitofusin 2 and optic atrophy 1 levels). Depletion of mtDNA was present in muscle from sIBM patients and PBMCs showed deregulated expression of mitochondrial proteins in oxidative phosphorylation. MRC complex IV/citrate synthase activity was significantly decreased in both tissues and mitochondrial dynamics were affected in muscle. Depletion of mtDNA was significantly more severe in patients with mtDNA deletions, which also presented deregulation of mitochondrial fusion proteins. Imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics in muscle was associated with increased mitochondrial genetic disturbances (both depletion and deletions), demonstrating that proper mitochondrial turnover is essential for mitochondrial homoeostasis and muscle function in these patients.
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11
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Arrive E, Meless D, Anaya-Saavedra G, Gallottini M, Pinzon LM, Ramirez-Amador V. The global burden of oral diseases in pediatric HIV-infected populations: a workshop report. Oral Dis 2016; 22 Suppl 1:149-57. [PMID: 26882532 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To achieve a comprehensive understanding about the global burden of oral diseases in HIV-infected children and to identify research needs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed (2009-2014) to address five questions: (i) prevalence of oral diseases in HIV-infected compared with uninfected children, (ii) impact of oral diseases on quality of life, (iii) effect of antiretroviral exposure in utero on craniofacial and dental development, (iv) important co-infections and antiretroviral complications, and (v) value of atraumatic restorative treatment. RESULTS Studies showed a high prevalence of dental caries in HIV-infected children but the relationship between HIV infection and dental caries remains unclear. Also quality of life needs further investigation supported by better study designs and improvement of the instruments used. Up-to-date evidence suggested long-term harms associated with in utero antiretroviral exposure were minor but would require long-term follow-up through National Registries. The reviews also revealed the wide spectrum of metabolic disease due to antiretroviral therapy and co-infections such as tuberculosis. Finally, atraumatic restorative technique appears to be a simple and safe technique to treat dental caries but outcomes need further evaluation. CONCLUSIONS The impact of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children has raised novel challenging questions in the field of oral health warranting future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arrive
- UFR d'Odontologie, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Equipe VIH et Santé Globale, INSERM U897, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Meless
- UFR d'Odontostomatologie, Félix Houphouët Boigny University of Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - G Anaya-Saavedra
- Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
| | - M Gallottini
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Pinzon
- School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - V Ramirez-Amador
- Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
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12
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Morén C, Bañó M, González-Casacuberta I, Catalán-Garcia M, Guitart-Mampel M, Tobías E, Cardellach F, Pedrol E, Peraire J, Vidal F, Domingo P, Miró Ò, Gatell JM, Martínez E, Garrabou G. Mitochondrial and apoptotic in vitro modelling of differential HIV-1 progression and antiretroviral toxicity. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:2330-6. [PMID: 25921514 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ex vivo analysis of mitochondrial function may reveal HIV progression and the impact of ART. We propose a mitochondrial and apoptotic in vitro model using Jurkat T cells incubated with plasma. The objectives of this study were to evaluate mitochondrial and apoptotic lesions in this model in relation to HIV progression, and to assess the effect of >1 year of standard non-thymidine-containing therapy. METHODS This was a cross-sectional comparison among three age- and gender-matched groups (n = 19 × 3): healthy non-HIV-infected participants, HIV-infected long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) and standard antiretroviral-naive chronically infected patients [standard progressors (Sps)], longitudinally evaluated before (Sp1) and after (Sp2) >1 year of efavirenz + tenofovir + emtricitabine therapy. We analysed mitochondrial DNA content by RT-PCR, mitochondrial function by spectrophotometry, mitochondrial protein synthesis by western blot analysis, mitochondrial dynamics by western blot analysis (MFN2), apoptotic transition pore formation by western blot analysis (VDAC-1) and mitochondrial membrane potential and annexin V/propidium iodide fluorescence by flow cytometry. RESULTS There was a decreasing non-significant trend towards lower mitochondrial parameters for HIV-infected values with respect to uninfected control reference values. HIV progression (LTNP versus Sp1) was associated with decreased mitochondrial genetic, functional and translational parameters, which partially recovered after treatment intervention (Sp2). Mitochondrial fusion showed a trend to decrease non-significantly in Sp patients compared with LTNP patients, especially after therapy. All apoptotic parameters showed a trend to increase in Sp1 with respect to LTNP, followed by recovery in Sp2. CONCLUSIONS We proposed an in vitro model for mitochondrial and apoptotic assessment to test the effects of HIV infection and its therapy, resembling in vivo conditions. This model could be useful for clinical research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Morén
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Bañó
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - I González-Casacuberta
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Catalán-Garcia
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Guitart-Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Tobías
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Cardellach
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Pedrol
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Figueres, Girona, Spain
| | - J Peraire
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - F Vidal
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - P Domingo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ò Miró
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Gatell
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Martínez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Claus C, Liebert UG. A renewed focus on the interplay between viruses and mitochondrial metabolism. Arch Virol 2013; 159:1267-77. [PMID: 24343264 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfil several key functions within cellular metabolic and antiviral signalling pathways, including their central role in ATP generation. Viruses, as intracellular parasites, require from their cellular host the building blocks for generation of their viral progeny and the energy that drives viral replication and assembly. While some viruses have adopted ways to manipulate the infected cell such that cellular metabolism supports optimal virus production, other viruses simply exhaust cellular resources. The association of viruses with mitochondria is influenced by several important factors such as speed of the viral replication cycle and viral dependence on cellular enzymes and metabolites. This review will highlight the complex interconnectivity of viral life cycles with the three main mitochondrial metabolic pathways, namely β-oxidation, the tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. This interconnectivity has the potential to reveal interesting points for antiviral therapy with either prometabolites or antimetabolites and highlights the importance of the viral association with mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Claus
- Institute of Virology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04317, Leipzig, Germany,
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