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Goicoechea L, Torres S, Fàbrega L, Barrios M, Núñez S, Casas J, Fabrias G, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. S-Adenosyl-l-methionine restores brain mitochondrial membrane fluidity and GSH content improving Niemann-Pick type C disease. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103150. [PMID: 38599016 PMCID: PMC11022094 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by impaired motor coordination due to neurological defects and cerebellar dysfunction caused by the accumulation of cholesterol in endolysosomes. Besides the increase in lysosomal cholesterol, mitochondria are also enriched in cholesterol, which leads to decreased membrane fluidity, impaired mitochondrial function and loss of GSH, and has been shown to contribute to the progression of NPC disease. S-Adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) regulates membrane physical properties through the generation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) from phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) methylation and functions as a GSH precursor by providing cysteine in the transsulfuration pathway. However, the role of SAM in NPC disease has not been investigated. Here we report that Npc1-/- mice exhibit decreased brain SAM levels but unchanged S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine content and lower expression of Mat2a. Brain mitochondria from Npc1-/- mice display decreased mitochondrial GSH levels and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry analysis reveal a lower PC/PE ratio in mitochondria, contributing to increased mitochondrial membrane order. In vivo treatment of Npc1-/- mice with SAM restores SAM levels in mitochondria, resulting in increased PC/PE ratio, mitochondrial membrane fluidity and subsequent replenishment of mitochondrial GSH levels. In vivo SAM treatment improves the decline of locomotor activity, increases Purkinje cell survival in the cerebellum and extends the average and maximal life spam of Npc1-/- mice. These findings identify SAM as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of NPC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Goicoechea
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Fàbrega
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Barrios
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Núñez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut D'Investigacions Químiques I Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut D'Investigacions Químiques I Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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2
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Matey JM, Zapata F, Menéndez-Quintanal LM, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C. Identification of new psychoactive substances and their metabolites using non-targeted detection with high-resolution mass spectrometry through diagnosing fragment ions/neutral loss analysis. Talanta 2023; 265:124816. [PMID: 37423179 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Matey
- Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, C/ José Echegaray Nº4, 28232, Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), calle Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España(1); Chemical and Forensic Sciences (CINQUIFOR) Research Group, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain(2).
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Luis Manuel Menéndez-Quintanal
- Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, La Cuesta, 38320, La Laguna (Sta. Cruz de Tenerife), Spain.
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), calle Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España(1); Chemical and Forensic Sciences (CINQUIFOR) Research Group, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain(2); Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Quimica Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), calle Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España(1); Chemical and Forensic Sciences (CINQUIFOR) Research Group, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain(2); Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Quimica Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
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3
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Cano-Trujillo C, García-Ruiz C, Ortega-Ojeda FE, Romolo F, Montalvo G. Forensic analysis of biological fluid stains on substrates by spectroscopic approaches and chemometrics: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1282:341841. [PMID: 37923402 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bodily fluid stains are one of the most relevant evidence that can be found at the crime scene as it provides a wealth of information to the investigators. They help to report on the individuals involved in the crime, to check alibis, or to determine the type of crime that has been committed. They appear as stains in different types of substrates, some of them porous, which can interfere in the analysis. The spectroscopy techniques combined with chemometrics are showing increasing potential for their use in the analysis of such samples due to them being fast, sensitive, and non-destructive. FINDINGS This is a comprehensive review of the studies that used different spectroscopic techniques followed by chemometrics for analysing biological fluid stains on several surfaces, and under various conditions. It focuses on the bodily fluid stains and the most suitable spectroscopic techniques to study forensic scientific problems such as the substrate's characteristics, the influence of ambient conditions, the aging process of the bodily fluids, the presence of animal bodily fluids and non-biological fluids (interfering substances), and the bodily fluid mixtures. The most widely used techniques were Raman spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR). Nonetheless, other non-destructive techniques have been also used, like near infrared hyperspectral imaging (HSI-NIR) or surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), among others. This work provides the criteria for the selection of the most promising non-destructive techniques for the effective in situ detection of biological fluid stains at crime scene investigations. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY The use of the proper spectroscopic and chemometric approaches on the crime scene is expected to improve the support of forensic sciences to criminal investigations. Evidence may be analysed in a non-destructive manner and kept intact for further analysis. They will also speed up forensic investigations by allowing the selection of relevant samples from occupational ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cano-Trujillo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando E Ortega-Ojeda
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Romolo
- Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza, Via Moroni 255, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Córdoba-Jover B, Ribera J, Portolés I, Lecue E, Rodriguez-Vita J, Pérez-Sisqués L, Mannara F, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC, Casals G, Rodríguez-Revenga L, Álvarez-Mora MI, Arteche-López A, Díaz de Bustamante A, Calvo R, Pujol A, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Malagelada C, Pinyol R, Huguet-Pradell J, Melgar-Lesmes P, Jiménez W, Morales-Ruiz M. Tcf20 deficiency is associated with increased liver fibrogenesis and alterations in mitochondrial metabolism in mice and humans. Liver Int 2023; 43:1822-1836. [PMID: 37312667 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transcription co-activator factor 20 (TCF20) is a regulator of transcription factors involved in extracellular matrix remodelling. In addition, TCF20 genomic variants in humans have been associated with impaired intellectual disability. Therefore, we hypothesized that TCF20 has several functions beyond those described in neurogenesis, including the regulation of fibrogenesis. METHODS Tcf20 knock-out (Tcf20-/- ) and Tcf20 heterozygous mice were generated by homologous recombination. TCF20 gene genotyping and expression was assessed in patients with pathogenic variants in the TCF20 gene. Neural development was investigated by immufluorescense. Mitochondrial metabolic activity was evaluated with the Seahorse analyser. The proteome analysis was carried out by gas chromatography mass-spectrometry. RESULTS Characterization of Tcf20-/- newborn mice showed impaired neural development and death after birth. In contrast, heterozygous mice were viable but showed higher CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis and a differential expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix homeostasis compared to wild-type mice, along with abnormal behavioural patterns compatible with autism-like phenotypes. Tcf20-/- embryonic livers and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells revealed differential expression of structural proteins involved in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation chain, increased rates of mitochondrial metabolic activity and alterations in metabolites of the citric acid cycle. These results parallel to those found in patients with TCF20 pathogenic variants, including alterations of the fibrosis scores (ELF and APRI) and the elevation of succinate concentration in plasma. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a new role of Tcf20 in fibrogenesis and mitochondria metabolism in mice and showed the association of TCF20 deficiency with fibrosis and metabolic biomarkers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Córdoba-Jover
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ribera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Portolés
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Lecue
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Rodriguez-Vita
- Tumour-Stroma Communication Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Mannara
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gregori Casals
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Rodríguez-Revenga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Álvarez-Mora
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Genetics Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Arteche-López
- Genetics Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- UDISGEN (Unidad de Dismorfología y Genética), 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosa Calvo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Unidad de Animales Transgénicos UAT-CBATEG, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, Derio, Spain
| | - Felix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, Derio, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Barcelona Clínic Hospital, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Huguet-Pradell
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Barcelona Clínic Hospital, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine-Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Fucho R, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Torres S, Nuñez S, Insausti-Urkia N, Edo A, Calvo M, Bosch A, Martin G, Enrich C, García-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC. Zonal expression of StARD1 and oxidative stress in alcoholic-related liver disease. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100413. [PMID: 37473919 PMCID: PMC10448177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic-related liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and morbidity. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of ALD is still incompletely understood. StARD1 has emerged as a key player in other etiologies of chronic liver disease, and alcohol-induced liver injury exhibits zonal distribution. Here, we report that StARD1 is predominantly expressed in perivenous (PV) zone of liver sections from mice-fed chronic and acute-on-chronic ALD models compared to periportal (PP) area and is observed as early as 10 days of alcohol feeding. Ethanol and chemical hypoxia induced the expression of StARD1 in isolated primary mouse hepatocytes. The zonal-dependent expression of StARD1 resulted in the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria and increased lipid peroxidation in PV hepatocytes compared to PP hepatocytes, effects that were abrogated in PV hepatocytes upon hepatocyte-specific Stard1 KO mice. Transmission electron microscopy indicated differential glycogen and lipid droplets content between PP and PV areas, and alcohol feeding decreased glycogen content in both areas while increased lipid droplets content preferentially in PV zone. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed that mitochondria from PV zone exhibited reduced length with respect to PP area, and alcohol feeding increased mitochondrial number, particularly, in PV zone. Extracellular flux analysis indicated lower maximal respiration and spared respiratory capacity in control PV hepatocytes that were reversed upon alcohol feeding. These findings reveal a differential morphology and functional activity of mitochondria between PP and PV hepatocytes following alcohol feeding and that StARD1 may play a key role in the zonal-dependent liver injury characteristic of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fucho
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Naroa Insausti-Urkia
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Edo
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Calvo
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bosch
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Martin
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Departament of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Biomedical Research CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Keck School of Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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6
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Cano-Trujillo C, García-Ruiz C, Ortega-Ojeda FE, Montalvo G. Differentiation of blood and environmental interfering stains on substrates by Chemometrics-Assisted ATR FTIR spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 292:122409. [PMID: 36720190 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood is the most common and relevant bodily fluid that can be found in crime scenes. It is critical to correctly identify it, and to be able to differentiate it from other substances that may also appear at the crime scene. In this work, several stains of blood, chocolate, ketchup, and tomato sauce on five different substrates (plywood, metal, gauze, denim, and glass) were analysed by ATR FTIR spectroscopy assisted with orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models. It was possible to differentiate blood from the environmental interfering substances independently of the substrate they were on, and to differentiate bloodstains according to the substrate they were deposited on. These results represent a proof-of-concept that open new horizons to differentiate bloodstains from other interfering substances on common substrates present in crime scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cano-Trujillo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Fernando E Ortega-Ojeda
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
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7
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Goicoechea L, Conde de la Rosa L, Torres S, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial cholesterol: Metabolism and impact on redox biology and disease. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102643. [PMID: 36857930 PMCID: PMC9989693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a crucial component of membrane bilayers by regulating their structural and functional properties. Cholesterol traffics to different cellular compartments including mitochondria, whose cholesterol content is low compared to other cell membranes. Despite the limited availability of cholesterol in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), the metabolism of cholesterol in the IMM plays important physiological roles, acting as the precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and neurosteroids in steroidogenic tissues and specific neurons, respectively, or the synthesis of bile acids through an alternative pathway in the liver. Accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria above physiological levels has a negative impact on mitochondrial function through several mechanisms, including the limitation of crucial antioxidant defenses, such as the glutathione redox cycle, increased generation of reactive oxygen species and consequent oxidative modification of cardiolipin, and defective assembly of respiratory supercomplexes. These adverse consequences of increased mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking trigger the onset of oxidative stress and cell death, and, ultimately, contribute to the development of diverse diseases, including metabolic liver diseases (i.e. fatty liver disease and liver cancer), as well as lysosomal disorders (i.e. Niemann-Pick type C disease) and neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's disease). In this review, we summarize the metabolism and regulation of mitochondrial cholesterol and its potential impact on liver and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Goicoechea
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Conde de la Rosa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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8
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Cantó-Santos J, Valls-Roca L, Tobías E, García-García FJ, Guitart-Mampel M, Esteve-Codina A, Martín-Mur B, Casado M, Artuch R, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Fernandez-Checa JC, García-Ruiz C, Rentero C, Enrich C, Moreno-Lozano PJ, Milisenda JC, Cardellach F, Grau-Junyent JM, Garrabou G. Unravelling inclusion body myositis using a patient-derived fibroblast model. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:964-977. [PMID: 36860172 PMCID: PMC10067507 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory myopathy clinically characterized by proximal and distal muscle weakness, with inflammatory infiltrates, rimmed vacuoles and mitochondrial changes in muscle histopathology. There is scarce knowledge on IBM aetiology, and non-established biomarkers or effective treatments are available, partly due to the lack of validated disease models. METHODS We have performed transcriptomics and functional validation of IBM muscle pathological hallmarks in fibroblasts from IBM patients (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 12), paired by age and sex. The results comprise an mRNA-seq, together with functional inflammatory, autophagy, mitochondrial and metabolic changes between patients and controls. RESULTS Gene expression profile of IBM vs control fibroblasts revealed 778 differentially expressed genes (P-value adj < 0.05) related to inflammation, mitochondria, cell cycle regulation and metabolism. Functionally, an increased inflammatory profile was observed in IBM fibroblasts with higher supernatant cytokine secretion (three-fold increase). Autophagy was reduced considering basal protein mediators (18.4% reduced), time-course autophagosome formation (LC3BII 39% reduced, P-value < 0.05), and autophagosome microscopic evaluation. Mitochondria displayed reduced genetic content (by 33.9%, P-value < 0.05) and function (30.2%-decrease in respiration, 45.6%-decline in enzymatic activity (P-value < 0.001), 14.3%-higher oxidative stress, 135.2%-increased antioxidant defence (P-value < 0.05), 11.6%-reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (P-value < 0.05) and 42.8%-reduced mitochondrial elongation (P-value < 0.05)). In accordance, at the metabolite level, organic acid showed a 1.8-fold change increase, with conserved amino acid profile. Correlating to disease evolution, oxidative stress and inflammation emerge as potential markers of prognosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm the presence of molecular disturbances in peripheral tissues from IBM patients and prompt patients' derived fibroblasts as a promising disease model, which may eventually be exported to other neuromuscular disorders. We additionally identify new molecular players in IBM associated with disease progression, setting the path to deepen in disease aetiology, in the identification of novel biomarkers or in the standardization of biomimetic platforms to assay new therapeutic strategies for preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Cantó-Santos
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Valls-Roca
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Josep García-García
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Mur
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Casado
- CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu; Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu; Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Liver Unit-HCB-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEREHD-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Liver Unit-HCB-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEREHD-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Liver Unit-HCB-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEREHD-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Department of Biomedicine, Cell Biology Unit, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Department of Biomedicine, Cell Biology Unit, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro J Moreno-Lozano
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - José César Milisenda
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Grau-Junyent
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Lab, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Alarcón-Vila C, Insausti-Urkia N, Torres S, Segalés-Rovira P, Conde de la Rosa L, Nuñez S, Fucho R, Fernández-Checa JC, García-Ruiz C. Dietary and genetic disruption of hepatic methionine metabolism induce acid sphingomyelinase to promote steatohepatitis. Redox Biol 2023; 59:102596. [PMID: 36610223 PMCID: PMC9827379 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic (ASH) and nonalcoholic. (NASH).steatohepatitis are advanced.stages.of.fatty.liver.disease.Methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) plays a key role in hepatic methionine metabolism and germline Mat1a deletion in mice promotes NASH. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) triggers hepatocellular apoptosis and liver fibrosis and has been shown to downregulate MAT1A expression in the context of fulminant liver failure. Given the role of ASMase in steatohepatitis development, we investigated the status of ASMase in Mat1a-/- mice and the regulation of ASMase by SAM/SAH. Consistent with its role in NASH, Mat1a-/- mice fed a choline-deficient (CD) diet exhibited macrosteatosis, inflammation, fibrosis and liver injury as well as reduced total and mitochondrial GSH levels. Our data uncovered an increased basal expression and activity of ASMase but not neutral SMase in Mat1a-/- mice, which further increased upon CD feeding. Interestingly, adenovirus-mediated shRNA expression targeting ASMase reduced ASMase activity and protected Mat1a-/- mice against CD diet-induced NASH. Similar results were observed in CD fed Mat1a-/- mice by pharmacological inhibition of ASMase with amitriptyline. Moreover, Mat1a/ASMase double knockout mice were resistant to CD-induced NASH. ASMase knockdown protected wild type mice against NASH induced by feeding a diet deficient in methionine and choline. Furthermore, Mat1a-/- mice developed acute-on-chronic ASH and this outcome was ameliorated by amitriptyline treatment. In vitro data in primary mouse hepatocytes revealed that decreased SAM/SAH ratio increased ASMase mRNA level and activity. MAT1A and ASMase mRNA levels exhibited an inverse correlation in liver samples from patients with ASH and NASH. Thus, disruption of methionine metabolism sensitizes to steatohepatitis by ASMase activation via decreased SAM/SAH. These findings imply that MAT1A deletion and ASMase activation engage in a self-sustained loop of relevance for steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alarcón-Vila
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naroa Insausti-Urkia
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Segalés-Rovira
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Conde de la Rosa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain; University of Southern California Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic I Provincial, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain; University of Southern California Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Prego-Meleiro P, García-Ruiz C, Sanz-Pareja M, Recalde Esnoz I, Quintanilla MG, Montalvo G. Forensic intelligence-led prevention of drug-facilitated sexual assaults. Forensic Sci Int 2022; 337:111373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Torres S, Segalés P, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondria and the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Cells 2022; 11:1475. [PMID: 35563780 PMCID: PMC9105698 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are advanced stages of fatty liver disease and two of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease. ASH and NASH are associated with significant risk of further progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, and a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite extensive research and progress in the last decades to elucidate the mechanisms of the development of ASH and NASH, the pathogenesis of both diseases is still poorly understood. Mitochondrial damage and activation of inflammasome complexes have a role in inducing and sustaining liver damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction produces inflammatory factors that activate the inflammasome complexes. NLRP3 inflammasome (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3) is a multiprotein complex that activates caspase 1 and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), and contributes to inflammatory pyroptotic cell death. The present review, which is part of the issue "Mitochondria in Liver Pathobiology", provides an overview of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 activation in ASH and NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.); (P.S.)
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Segalés
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.); (P.S.)
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.); (P.S.)
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - José C. Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.); (P.S.)
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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12
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Aliaño-González MJ, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C, Ferreiro-González M, Palma M. Assessment of Volatile Compound Transference through Firefighter Turnout Gear. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19063663. [PMID: 35329348 PMCID: PMC8953482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
There is high concern about the exposure of firefighters to toxic products or carcinogens resulting from combustion during fire interventions. Firefighter turnout gear is designed to protect against immediate fire hazards but not against chemical agents. Additionally, the decontamination of firefighter personal protective equipment remains unresolved. This study evaluated the feasibility of a screening method based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) in combination with chemometrics (cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and linear discriminant analysis) for the assessment of the transference of volatile compounds through turnout gear. To achieve this, firefighter turnout gears exposed to two different fire scenes (with different combustion materials) were directly analyzed. We obtained a spectral fingerprint for turnout gears that were both exposed and non-exposed to fire scenes. The results showed that (i): the contamination of the turnout gears is different depending on the type of fire loading; and (ii) it is possible to determine if the turnout gear is free of volatile compounds. Based on the latest results, we concluded that HS-GC-IMS can be applied as a screening technique to assess the quality of turnout gear prior to a new fire intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Aliaño-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, The Wine and Food Research Institute IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.A.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (G.M.); (C.G.-R.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (G.M.); (C.G.-R.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ferreiro-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, The Wine and Food Research Institute IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.A.-G.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-956-016355; Fax: +34-956-016460
| | - Miguel Palma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, The Wine and Food Research Institute IVAGRO, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.A.-G.); (M.P.)
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13
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Zapata F, Ortega-Ojeda FE, García-Ruiz C. Forensic examination of textile fibres using Raman imaging and multivariate analysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 268:120695. [PMID: 34896680 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopic techniques have shown to be highly suitable for the identification and comparison of textile fibres and clothing fabrics. On the other hand, new chemical imaging modes based on these spectroscopic techniques are becoming useful in multiple fields. This is particularly important to, for instance, chemically visualize and screen different samples including forensic evidence (crime scene investigation), chemical and food products (quality control), biological tissues and living beings (medical imaging), among others. This study explores the forensic examination and selective chemical visualization of textile fibres and clothing fabrics using Raman imaging. Four experiments were performed, which were focused on the screening of (i) white different materials made of 100 % cotton (gauze, cotton wool, t-shirt, and swab), (ii) polyester and cotton fabrics evidence of the same colour, (iii) five different coloured cotton fabrics, and (iv) textile fibres of different materials (acrylic, cotton, nylon, polyester, and silk). Several methods of multivariate chemometric analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and multivariate curve resolution (MCR) were applied to enhance the limited visual comparison of the spectra accomplished with the unaided eye. The results evidenced the suitability of Raman imaging to statistically discriminate textile fibres and fabrics due to the chemical composition of both the clothing material and the dyestuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Fernando E Ortega-Ojeda
- University of Alcalá, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; University of Alcalá, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- University of Alcalá, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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14
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Ramos-Guerrero L, Montalvo G, Cosmi M, García-Ruiz C, Ortega-Ojeda FE. Classification of Various Marijuana Varieties by Raman Microscopy and Chemometrics. Toxics 2022; 10:toxics10030115. [PMID: 35324740 PMCID: PMC8948958 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10030115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Raman analysis of marijuana is challenging because of the sample’s easy photo-degradation caused by the laser intensity. In this study, optimization of collection parameters and laser focusing on marijuana trichome heads allowed collecting Raman spectra without damaging the samples. The Raman spectra of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabinol (CBN) standard cannabinoids were compared with Raman spectra of five different types of marijuana: four Sativa varieties (Amnesia Haze, Amnesia Hy-Pro, Original Amnesia, and Y Griega) and one Indica variety (Black Domina). The results verified the presence of several common spectral bands that are useful for marijuana characterization. Results were corroborated by the quantum chemical simulated Raman spectra of their acid-form (tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA), cannabidiol acid (CBDA)) and decarboxylated cannabinoids (THC, CBD, and CBN). A chemometrics-assisted method based on Raman microscopy and OPLS-DA offered good classification among the different marijuana varieties allowing identification of the most significant spectral bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ramos-Guerrero
- Centro de Investigación de Alimentos, CIAL—Centro de Investigación de Alimentos, Universidad UTE, Quito EC170527, Ecuador;
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (F.E.O.-O.)
| | - Marzia Cosmi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste Via Alfonso Valerio 6a, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Calle Libreros 27, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación, Ctra. Madrid–Barcelona km 33,600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (F.E.O.-O.)
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15
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Zapata F, López-Fernández A, Ortega-Ojeda F, Quintanilla G, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G. Introducing ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy through Analysis of Acetaminophen Drugs: Practical Lessons for Interdisciplinary and Progressive Learning for Undergraduate Students. J Chem Educ 2021; 98:2675-2686. [PMID: 35281766 PMCID: PMC8908246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique useful in chemical, pharmaceutical, and forensic sciences. It is essential to identify chemicals for reasons spanning from scientific research and academic practices to quality control in companies. However, in some university degrees, graduate students do not get the proficiency to optimize the experimental parameters to obtain the best IR spectra; to correlate the IR spectral bands with the molecular vibrations (chemical elucidation); to have some criteria for any substance identification (especially relevant in quality control to recognize counterfeit); and to apply chemometrics for comparing, visualizing, and classifying the IR spectra. This work presents an experimental laboratory practice for an introductory teaching of the IR instrumental conditions in the identification of substances based on visual spectra comparison and statistical analysis and matching. Then, the selected IR conditions are applied to different commercial drugs, in the solid state or in solution, mostly composed of acetaminophen. Finally, the students apply chemometrics analysis to the IR data. This practice was designed for the training in a chemistry subject for undergraduate students of the chemistry, pharmacy, or forensics degrees, among others related to science, medical, food, or technological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián López-Fernández
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ortega-Ojeda
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Quintanilla
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University Institute of Research
in Police Sciences (IUICP), and Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Toledo González V, Ortega Ojeda F, Fonseca GM, García-Ruiz C, Pérez-Lloret P. Analysis of tooth mark patterns on bone remains caused by wolves (Canis lupus) and domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) for taxonomic identification: A scoping review focused on their value as a forensic tool. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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18
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Prego-Meleiro P, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C, Ortega-Ojeda F, Ruiz-Pérez I, Sordo L. Gender-based differences in perceptions about sexual violence, equality and drug‑facilitated sexual assaults in nightlife contexts. Adicciones 2021; 34:285-298. [PMID: 33768262 DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sexual violence, including drug-facilitated sexual assaults, is a serious issue that is becoming increasingly common in leisure nightlife contexts. This study provides information about the attitudes and perceptions of Spanish youths towards sexual violence within that setting. The participants were recruited by a snowball sampling scheme. A bivariate analysis was performed to identify possible sociodemographic and nightlife recreational habit factors related to gender. The statistical significance of the differences between the studied variables was assessed using the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Women perceived a low level of personal security, as well as the existence of social perceptions penalizing female more than male drug use, and blaming women for the sexual violence they suffer. Women also recognised less explicit violent behaviours as violence significantly more than men did. Men were more willing to have sexual intercourse with someone unable to express consent because of drugs. In addition, they believed more strongly that sexual assaults take place because of the victim's use of alcohol or other drugs. In a leisure nightlife context, women are prone to perceive a lack of social support for themselves and the feeling of impunity for the perpetrators. Furthermore, numerous misconceptions surround drug-facilitated sexual assaults, with the majority of respondents believing that assaults happen after the surreptitious administration of substances to the victim by an unknown assailant. Moreover, the involvement of alcohol was underestimated. Our findings are useful for designing prevention efforts, demystifying the drug-facilitated sexual assaults and enhancing social support for victims.
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19
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Zapata F, Pastor-Ruiz V, Ortega-Ojeda F, Montalvo G, Ruiz-Zolle AV, García-Ruiz C. Human ultra-weak photon emission as non-invasive spectroscopic tool for diagnosis of internal states - A review. J Photochem Photobiol B 2021; 216:112141. [PMID: 33540236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the knowledge that human ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is mainly due to the metabolic oxidative stress processes that the skin cells undergo in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), external stressors (like UV radiation), but also internal stressors (like diseases or brain activity) might strongly influence the UPE. This manuscript revises the scientific advances focused on the influence of internal factors on the human UPE. According to literature, the UPE seems to be influenced by some diseases (including diabetes, hemiparesis, protoporphyria, or a typical cold), and even by the cerebral intention/relaxation (brain activity/meditation). These allow to consider UPE as a natural and promising non-invasive spectroscopic tool for helping during the diagnosis of a variety of illnesses or stress- / mood-state disorders. Nonetheless, further research is required for answering some still unresolved controversial points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoria Pastor-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ortega-Ojeda
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Libreros 27, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Burgos-Díez I, Zapata F, Chamorro-Sancho MJ, Ruano-Rando MJ, Ferrando-Gil JL, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G, Ortega-Ojeda F. Comparison between computed tomography and silicone-casting methods to determine gunshot cavities in ballistic soap. Int J Legal Med 2020; 135:829-836. [PMID: 33190163 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current methods used in terminal ballistics to determine the volume of temporary cavities created by projectiles in soft tissue simulants (such as ballistic soap) usually involve silicone-casting to obtain the cavity moulds. However, these methods have important drawbacks including their little sensitivity and precision, besides the fact that they are destructive. Imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) might not only overcome those limitations but also offer useful tools for digitally reporting the scientific results. This work accomplished the 3D digital reconstruction of the cavities created by different projectiles in ballistic soap blocks. This way, the total volume of the cavities, the projectile penetration depths, and other measurements were determined, rendering better capabilities when compared to the current silicone method. All these features were achieved through the CT analysis and 3D Slicer imaging software. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the method can preserve the evidence by digitally obtaining, signing, and storing the infographic videos displaying the 3D-reconstructed cavities. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Burgos-Díez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | | | - Manuel Jesús Ruano-Rando
- Ballistics and Tool marks Department, Criminalistics Service, Guardia Civil HQ, Guzmán el Bueno, 110, 28003, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ferrando-Gil
- Ballistics and Tool marks Department, Criminalistics Service, Guardia Civil HQ, Guzmán el Bueno, 110, 28003, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Fernando Ortega-Ojeda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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21
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Hernandez S, Simoni-Nieves A, Gerardo-Ramírez M, Torres S, Fucho R, Gonzalez J, Castellanos-Tapia L, Hernández-Pando R, Tejero-Barrera E, Bucio L, Souza V, Miranda-Labra R, Fernández-Checa JC, Marquardt JU, Gomez-Quiroz LE, García-Ruiz C, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC. GDF11 restricts aberrant lipogenesis and changes in mitochondrial structure and function in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4076-4090. [PMID: 33174245 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has been characterized as a key regulator of differentiation in cells that retain stemness features. Recently, it has been reported that GDF11 exerts tumor-suppressive properties in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, decreasing clonogenicity, proliferation, spheroid formation, and cellular function, all associated with a decrement in stemness features, resulting in mesenchymal to epithelial transition and loss of aggressiveness. The aim of the present work was to investigate the mechanism associated with the tumor-suppressive properties displayed by GDF11 in liver cancer cells. Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cell lines were exposed to GDF11 (50 ng/ml), RNA-seq analysis in Huh7 cell line revealed that GDF11 exerted profound transcriptomic impact, which involved regulation of cholesterol metabolic process, steroid metabolic process as well as key signaling pathways, resembling endoplasmic reticulum-related functions. Cholesterol and triglycerides determination in Huh7 and Hep3B cells treated with GDF11 exhibited a significant decrement in the content of these lipids. The mTOR signaling pathway was downregulated, and this was associated with a reduction in key proteins involved in the mevalonate pathway. In addition, real-time metabolism assessed by Seahorse technology showed abridged glycolysis as well as glycolytic capacity, closely related to an impaired oxygen consumption rate and decrement in adenosine triphosphate production. Finally, transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial abnormalities, such as cristae disarrangement, consistent with metabolic changes. Results provide evidence that GDF11 impairs cancer cell metabolism targeting lipid homeostasis, glycolysis, and mitochondria function and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharik Hernandez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Simoni-Nieves
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Gerardo-Ramírez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Liver Unit Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA.,Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Liver Unit Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA.,Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jonathan Gonzalez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Leticia Bucio
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Souza
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Miranda-Labra
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Liver Unit Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA.,Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jens U Marquardt
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Liver Unit Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA.,Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, KECK School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, USA
| | - María C Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Unidad de Medicina Translacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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Matey JM, López-Fernández A, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G, Moreno MD, Martínez MA. Potential Of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry For The Detection Of Drugs And Metabolites In Hair: Methoxetamine In A Real Forensic Case. J Anal Toxicol 2020; 46:e1-e10. [PMID: 33104803 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of drugs of abuse in hair and other biological matrices of forensic interest requires great selectivity and sensitivity. This is done traditionally through target analysis, with one or more analytical methods, or with different and specific preanalytical phases, and complex procedures performed by the toxicological laboratories, and there is no exception with ketamine-like compounds, such as methoxetamine, a new psychoactive substance (NPS) whose use has increased in the last decades, and continues to grow quickly year by year. More validated methods of analysis are needed to detect these substances in low concentrations selectively. Reanalyzing the samples of a former case of a polydrug consumer accused of a crime against public health in Spain, five metabolites of methoxetamine (normethoxetamine, O-desmethylmethoxetamine, dehydromethoxetamine, dihydronormethoxetamine and hydroxynormethoxetamine) were tentatively detected using a high-resolution technique that is liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS/MS). The most selective analytical LC-HR-MS/MS method together a universal and simpler pretreatment stages has demonstrated to allow faster analysis and more sensitivity than the one performed traditionally at the INTCF laboratories, which was gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Matey
- National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Department of Chemical and Drugs. José Echegaray, 4. 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.,University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP)
| | - Adrián López-Fernández
- University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.,University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP)
| | - Gemma Montalvo
- University of Alcalá, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.,University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP)
| | - M D Moreno
- National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Department of Chemical and Drugs. José Echegaray, 4. 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Martínez
- National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Department of Chemical and Drugs. José Echegaray, 4. 28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP)
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23
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Prego-Meleiro P, Montalvo G, Quintela-Jorge Ó, García-Ruiz C. An ecological working framework as a new model for understanding and preventing the victimization of women by drug-facilitated sexual assault. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 315:110438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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González-Casacuberta I, Juárez-Flores DL, Ezquerra M, Fucho R, Catalán-García M, Guitart-Mampel M, Tobías E, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC, Tolosa E, Martí MJ, Grau JM, Fernández-Santiago R, Cardellach F, Morén C, Garrabou G. Mitochondrial and autophagic alterations in skin fibroblasts from Parkinson disease patients with Parkin mutations. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3750-3767. [PMID: 31180333 PMCID: PMC6594812 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PRKN encodes an E3-ubiquitin-ligase involved in multiple cell processes including mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. Previous studies reported alterations of mitochondrial function in fibroblasts from patients with PRKN mutation-associated Parkinson’s disease (PRKN-PD) but have been only conducted in glycolytic conditions, potentially masking mitochondrial alterations. Additionally, autophagy flux studies in this cell model are missing. We analyzed mitochondrial function and autophagy in PRKN-PD skin-fibroblasts (n=7) and controls (n=13) in standard (glucose) and mitochondrial-challenging (galactose) conditions. In glucose, PRKN-PD fibroblasts showed preserved mitochondrial bioenergetics with trends to abnormally enhanced mitochondrial respiration that, accompanied by decreased CI, may account for the increased oxidative stress. In galactose, PRKN-PD fibroblasts exhibited decreased basal/maximal respiration vs. controls and reduced mitochondrial CIV and oxidative stress compared to glucose, suggesting an inefficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity to meet an extra metabolic requirement. PRKN-PD fibroblasts presented decreased autophagic flux with reduction of autophagy substrate and autophagosome synthesis in both conditions. The alterations exhibited under neuron-like oxidative environment (galactose), may be relevant to the disease pathogenesis potentially explaining the increased susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons to undergo degeneration. Abnormal PRKN-PD phenotype supports the usefulness of fibroblasts to model disease and the view of PD as a systemic disease where molecular alterations are present in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid González-Casacuberta
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Diana-Luz Juárez-Flores
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Catalán-García
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - José Carlos Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IDIBAPS, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit, HCB, IDIBAPS and CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - María-José Martí
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Grau
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernández-Santiago
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, IDIBAPS, UB, Department of Neurology, HCB, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Constanza Morén
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Toledo González V, Ortega Ojeda F, Fonseca GM, García-Ruiz C, Navarro Cáceres P, Pérez-Lloret P, Marín García MDP. A Morphological and Morphometric Dental Analysis as a Forensic Tool to Identify the Iberian Wolf ( Canis Lupus Signatus). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10060975. [PMID: 32503347 PMCID: PMC7341320 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Attacks by Iberian wolves on farm animals routinely cause conflicts with humans and threaten their economic interests related to livestock. However, wolf predation can sometimes be confused with that caused by other carnivores like dogs. Some studies have tried to identify or differentiate canids as the predators responsible for such attacks by analysing their tooth/bite marks on bone remains. Nevertheless, most of those studies have only considered a few dental measurements, and they were carried out in a palaeoecological and zooarchaeological context. As there is still limited information on Iberian wolf‘s dental anatomy that can be used in forensic cases, this study aimed to describe the morphology of the Iberian wolf‘s teeth and to provide new morphometric characteristics, as complete as possible, to collaborate in the correct interpretation of a wolf‘s bite marks at crime scenes. Based on the morphometric dental analysis, it was possible to differentiate female and male wolves. Moreover, the dental morphometric characteristics described can be used, at least as a reference, to identify the Iberian wolf‘s tooth/bite marks or to rule out other potential aggressors. Abstract Depredation by the Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) is currently thought to be a problem in some areas of Spain. However, there are few technically validated forensic tools available to determine the veracity of claims with a high degree of scientific confidence, which is important given that such attacks may lead to compensation. The analysis of bite marks on attacked animals could provide scientific evidence to help identify the offender. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the morphological and morphometric characteristics of Iberian wolf dentition. This data collection would serve as a base-point for a more accurate identification of the wolves thorough their bite marks. For the first time, 36 dental variables have been studied in wolves’ skulls, employing univariate and multivariate analyses. The general morphological dental characteristics of wolves are very similar in terms of their dental formula and tooth structure to other canids, like domestic dogs. Sex differentiation was evident, principally in terms of the maxillary distance between the palatal surfaces of the canine teeth (UbC) and the width of the left mandibular canine teeth (LlCWd). New morphometric reference information was obtained that can aid the forensic identification of bite marks caused by the Iberian wolf with greater confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Toledo González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (F.O.O.); (C.G.-R.)
- University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.P.-L.); (M.d.P.M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando Ortega Ojeda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (F.O.O.); (C.G.-R.)
- University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Gabriel M. Fonseca
- Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense (CIO), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (F.O.O.); (C.G.-R.)
- University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Pablo Navarro Cáceres
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lloret
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.P.-L.); (M.d.P.M.G.)
| | - María del Pilar Marín García
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.P.-L.); (M.d.P.M.G.)
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Abstract
This work comprehensively reviews some fundamental concepts about explosives and their two commonly used classifications based on either their velocity of detonation or their application. These classifications are highly useful in the military/legal field, but completely useless for the chemical determination of explosives. Because of this reason, a classification of explosives based on their chemical composition is comprehensively revised, discussed and updated. This classification seeks to merge those dispersed chemical classifications of explosives found in literature into a unique general classification, which might be useful for every researcher dealing with the analytical chemical identification of explosives. In the knowledge of the chemical composition of explosives, the most adequate analytical techniques to determine them are finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP); and CINQUIFOR# research group, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, (Madrid) 28871, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP); and CINQUIFOR# research group, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, (Madrid) 28871, Spain
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27
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Prego-Meleiro P, Quintela-Jorge Ó, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C. Multi-target methodology for the screening of blood specimens in drug-facilitated sexual assault cases. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Toledo-González VA, Ortega-Ojeda FE, Fonseca GM, García-Ruiz C, Pérez-Lloret P. Morphometric Analysis of Bite Mark Patterns Caused by Domestic Dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) Using Dental Wax Registers. INT J MORPHOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022019000300885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gregório I, García-Ruiz C, Martínez P. Maximizing semen extraction from sanitary pads by chemical and shredding treatments. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2019; 42:198-202. [PMID: 31376647 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Evidence of sexual aggression may be obtained from superabsorbent polymer (SAP) sanitary pads, which are used by forensic laboratories for semen evaluation. Semen can be extracted from their upper layers, which are free of SAPs. However, our previous results showed a need to optimize the protocol for semen analysis by considering its extraction from the lower core, often composed of sodium polyacrylate SAPs. SAPs generate a hydrogel, which traps the cellular components, hindering the possibility of obtaining cells and hence their genetic material. Simple filtration has been tried previously, but further maximization by application of a treatment has never been attempted. In this paper, we compare both chemical and physical shredding treatments for maximizing gel-trapped sperm and male cell DNA recaptures from hygienic superabsorbent substrates in sanitary pads, panty-liners or diapers. Our findings suggest that the lower core should be treated to induce a dewaterisation of the SAP hydrogels in order to maximize the extraction of bodily fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gregório
- National Institute of Toxicology & Forensic Science (INTCF), José Echegaray 4, 28232 Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Research Institute for Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Research Institute for Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Martínez
- National Institute of Toxicology & Forensic Science (INTCF), José Echegaray 4, 28232 Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain.
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Torres S, Baulies A, Insausti-Urkia N, Alarcón-Vila C, Fucho R, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Núñez S, Robles D, Ribas V, Wakefield L, Grompe M, Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Win S, Aung TA, Kaplowitz N, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Upregulation of STARD1 Promotes Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:552-568. [PMID: 31029706 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF). Mitochondrial SH3BP5 (also called SAB) and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mediate the hepatotoxic effects of APAP. We investigated the involvement of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STARD1), a mitochondrial cholesterol transporter, in this process and sensitization by valproic acid (VPA), which depletes glutathione and stimulates steroidogenesis. METHODS Nonfasted C57BL/6J mice (control) and mice with liver-specific deletion of STARD1 (Stard1ΔHep), SAB (SabΔHep), or JNK1 and JNK2 (Jnk1+2ΔHep) were given VPA with or without APAP. Liver tissues were collected and analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry and for APAP metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondrial function. Adult human hepatocytes were transplanted into Fah-/-/Rag2-/-/Il2rg-/-/NOD (FRGN) mice to create mice with humanized livers. RESULTS Administration of VPA before administration of APAP increased the severity of liver damage in control mice. The combination of VPA and APAP increased expression of CYP2E1, formation of NAPQI-protein adducts, and depletion of glutathione from liver tissues of control mice, resulting in ER stress and the upregulation of STARD1. Livers from control mice given VPA and APAP accumulated cholesterol in the mitochondria and had sustained mitochondrial depletion of glutathione and mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibition of ER stress, by administration of tauroursodeoxycholic acid to control mice, prevented upregulation of STARD1 in liver and protected the mice from hepatoxicity following administration of VPA and APAP. Administration of N-acetylcysteine to control mice prevented VPA- and APAP-induced ER stress and liver injury. Stard1ΔHep mice were resistant to induction of ALF by VPA and APAP, despite increased mitochondrial levels of glutathione and phosphorylated JNK; we made similar observations in fasted Stard1ΔHep mice given APAP alone. SabΔHep mice or Jnk1+2ΔHep mice did not develop ALF following administration of VPA and APAP. The ability of VPA to increase the severity of APAP-induced liver damage was observed in FRGN mice with humanized liver. CONCLUSIONS In studies of mice, we found that upregulation of STARD1 following ER stress mediates APAP hepatoxicity via SH3BP5 and phosphorylation of JNK1 and JNK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Baulies
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naroa Insausti-Urkia
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Alarcón-Vila
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Núñez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Robles
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Ribas
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - M Isabel Lucena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, CIBEREHD, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, CIBEREHD, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sanda Win
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tin A Aung
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Neil Kaplowitz
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jose C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
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Edo C, Tamayo-Belda M, Martínez-Campos S, Martín-Betancor K, González-Pleiter M, Pulido-Reyes G, García-Ruiz C, Zapata F, Leganés F, Fernández-Piñas F, Rosal R. Occurrence and identification of microplastics along a beach in the Biosphere Reserve of Lanzarote. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 143:220-227. [PMID: 31789157 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the accumulation of plastic debris in a remote beach located in La Graciosa island (Chinijo archipelago, Canary Islands). Microplastics were sampled in the 1-5 mm mesh opening range. An average plastic density of 36.3 g/m2 was obtained with a large variability along the 90 m of the beach (from 8.5 g/m2 to 103.4 g/m2). Microplastic particles preferentially accumulated in the part of the beach protected by rocks. A total number of 9149 plastic particles were collected, recorded and measured, 87% of which corresponded to fragments. Clear colours and microscopic evidence of weathering corresponded to aged plastics wind-driven by the surface Canary Current. The chemical composition of plastics particles corresponded to PE (63%), PP (32%) and PS (3%). Higher PE/PP ratios were recorded in the more protected parts of the beach, suggesting preferential accumulation of more aged fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Edo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Tamayo-Belda
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Campos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Keila Martín-Betancor
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerardo Pulido-Reyes
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganés
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain.
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Gerardo-Ramírez M, Lazzarini-Lechuga R, Hernández-Rizo S, Jiménez-Salazar JE, Simoni-Nieves A, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC, Marquardt JU, Coulouarn C, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Pérez-Aguilar B, Gomez-Quiroz LE. GDF11 exhibits tumor suppressive properties in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by restricting clonal expansion and invasion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1540-1554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Fucho R, Torres S, Nuñez S, Nuño-Lámbarri N, Enrich C, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Cholesterol enrichment in liver mitochondria impairs oxidative phosphorylation and disrupts the assembly of respiratory supercomplexes. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101214. [PMID: 31108462 PMCID: PMC6526464 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation is a hallmark of alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and impairs the function of specific solute carriers through changes in membrane physical properties. However, its impact on mitochondrial respiration and organization of respiratory supercomplexes has not been determined so far. Here we fed mice a cholesterol-enriched diet (HC) supplemented with sodium cholate to examine the effect of cholesterol in mitochondrial function. HC feeding increased liver cholesterol content, which downregulated Srebp2 and Hmgcr expression, while sodium cholate administration decreased Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1 mRNA levels, suggesting the downregulation of bile acid synthesis through the classical pathway. HC-fed mice exhibited increased expression of Stard1 and Mln64 and enhanced mitochondrial free cholesterol levels (2–3 fold), leading to decreased membrane fluidity. Mitochondria from HC-fed mice displayed increased cholesterol loading in both outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. Cholesterol loading decreased complex I and complex II-driven state 3 respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential. Decreased respiratory and uncoupling control ratio from complex I was also observed after in situ enrichment of mouse liver mitochondria with cholesterol or enantiomer cholesterol, the mirror image of natural cholesterol. Moreover, in vivo cholesterol loading decreased the level of complex III2 and the assembly of respiratory supercomplexes I1+III2+IV and I1+III2. Moreover, HC feeding caused oxidative stress and mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) depletion, which translated in hepatic steatosis and liver injury, effects that were rescued by replenishing mGSH with GSH ethyl ester. Overall, mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation disrupts mitochondrial functional performance and the organization of respiratory supercomplexes assembly, which can contribute to oxidative stress and liver injury. Hepatic mitochondrial cholesterol enrichment impairs oxidative phosphorylation. Cholesterol accumulation perturbs mitochondrial membrane physical properties and morphology. Cholesterol loading disrupts the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes. In vivo mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation induces liver injury, which is prevented by GSH ethyl ester administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Spain
| | - Raquel Fucho
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Traslational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; (e)Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; (e)Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Zapata F, Ferreiro-González M, García-Ruiz C. Interpreting the near infrared region of explosives. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 204:81-87. [PMID: 29906648 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The NIR spectra from 1000 to 2500 nm of 18 different explosives, propellant powders and energetic salts were collected and interpreted. NIR spectroscopy is known to provide information about the combination bands and overtones of highly anharmonic vibrations as those occurring in XH bonds (CH, NH and OH). Particularly intense and complex were the bands corresponding to the first combination region (2500-1900 nm) and first overtone stretching mode (2ν) of CH and NH bonds (1750-1450 nm). Inorganic oxidizing salts including sodium/potassium nitrate, sodium/potassium chlorate, and sodium/potassium perchlorate displayed low intense or no NIR bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Police Sciences University Research Institute (IUICP), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Ferreiro-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Police Sciences University Research Institute (IUICP), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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D’Elia V, Rubio-Retama J, Ortega-Ojeda FE, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G. Gold nanorods as SERS substrate for the ultratrace detection of cocaine in non-pretreated oral fluid samples. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1425-1439. [PMID: 30556032 PMCID: PMC6287487 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease that encompasses both alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are intermediate stages of ALD and NAFLD, which can progress to more advanced forms, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress and particularly alterations in mitochondrial function are thought to play a significant role in both ASH and NASH and recognized to contribute to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as documented in experimental models. Despite the evidence of ROS generation, the therapeutic efficacy of treatment with antioxidants in patients with fatty liver disease has yielded poor results. Although oxidative stress is considered to be the disequilibrium between ROS and antioxidants, there is evidence that a subtle balance among antioxidants, particularly in mitochondria, is necessary to avoid the generation of ROS and hence oxidative stress. Conclusion: As mitochondria are a major source of ROS, the present review summarizes the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in ASH and NASH and presents emerging data indicating the need to preserve mitochondrial antioxidant balance as a potential approach for the treatment of human fatty liver disease, which may pave the way for the design of future trials to test the therapeutic role of antioxidants in fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen García-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Barcelona Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD Barcelona Spain
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Barcelona Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Cínic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD Barcelona Spain.,University of Southern California Research Center for ALPD Keck School of Medicine Los Angeles CA
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Lees H, Zapata F, Vaher M, García-Ruiz C. Study of the adhesion of explosive residues to the finger and transfer to clothing and luggage. Sci Justice 2018; 58:415-424. [PMID: 30446070 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
It is important to understand the extent of transfer of explosive particles to different surfaces in order to better evaluate potential cross-contamination by explosives in crowded security controls such as those at airports. This work investigated the transfer of nine explosive residues (ANFO, dynamite, black powder, TNT, HMTD, PETN, NH4NO3, KNO3, NaClO3) through fingerprints from one surface to another. First, the extent of adhesion of explosive residues from different surfaces to the bare finger, nitrile and latex gloves was studied. Then, the transfer of explosive residues from one surface to another through fingerprints was investigated. Cotton fabric (hereinafter referred to as cotton) as clothing material and polycarbonate plastic (hereinafter referred to as polycarbonate) as luggage material were chosen for the experiments. These surfaces containing explosive particles were imaged using a reflex camera before and after the particles were transferred. Afterwards the images were processed in MATLAB where pixels corresponding to explosive residues were quantified. Results demonstrated that transfer of explosive residues frequently occurred with certain differences among materials. Generally, the amount of explosive particles adhered to the finger decreased in the following order: skin>latex>nitrile, while the transfer of particles from the finger to another surface was the opposite. The adhesion of explosive residues from polycarbonate to the finger was found to be better compared to cotton, while the amount of particles transferred to cotton was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Lees
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Félix Zapata
- Inquifor Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Merike Vaher
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Inquifor Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Lees H, Zapata F, Vaher M, García-Ruiz C. Simple multispectral imaging approach for determining the transfer of explosive residues in consecutive fingerprints. Talanta 2018; 184:437-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Silva CS, Pimentel MF, Amigo JM, García-Ruiz C, Ortega-Ojeda F. Chemometric approaches for document dating: Handling paper variability. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1031:28-37. [PMID: 30119741 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A non-destructive methodology based on Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is proposed in this research to estimate the age of documents of different ages. Due the variability in the samples caused by their different chemical compositions, chemometric approaches were proposed to build one unique regression model able to determine the age of the paper regardless of its composition. PLS models were built employing Generalized Least Squares Weighting (GLSW) and Orthogonal Least Squares (OLS) filters to reduce the variability of samples from the same year. Afterwards, sparse PLS, which is an extension of the PLS model including a variable selection step, was applied to compare its performance with the preprocessing filters. All techniques proposed were compared to the initial PLS models, showing the potential of the chemometric approaches applied to FTIR data to estimate the age of unknown documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S Silva
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Maria Fernanda Pimentel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil
| | - José Manuel Amigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ortega-Ojeda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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40
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Calcerrada M, González-Herráez M, García-Ruiz C. Successive injection in microstructured-capillary electrophoresis for rapid pairwise comparisons. Application to questioned documents. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Zapata F, García-Ruiz C. The discrimination of 72 nitrate, chlorate and perchlorate salts using IR and Raman spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 189:535-542. [PMID: 28865354 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic oxidizing energetic salts including nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates are widely used in the manufacture of not only licit pyrotechnic compositions, but also illicit homemade explosive mixtures. Their identification in forensic laboratories is usually accomplished by either capillary electrophoresis or ion chromatography, with the disadvantage of dissociating the salt into its ions. On the contrary, vibrational spectroscopy, including IR and Raman, enables the non-invasive identification of the salt, i.e. avoiding its dissociation. This study focuses on the discrimination of all nitrate, chlorate and perchlorate salts that are commercially available, using both Raman and IR spectroscopy, with the aim of testing whether every salt can be unequivocally identified. Besides the visual spectra comparison by assigning every band with the corresponding molecular vibrational mode, a statistical analysis based on Pearson correlation was performed to ensure an objective identification, either using Raman, IR or both. Positively, 25 salts (out of 72) were unequivocally identified using Raman, 30 salts when using IR and 44 when combining both techniques. Negatively, some salts were undistinguishable even using both techniques demonstrating there are some salts that provide very similar Raman and IR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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42
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Martín-Alberca C, Carrascosa H, San Román I, Bartolomé L, García-Ruiz C. Acid alteration of several ignitable liquids of potential use in arsons. Sci Justice 2018; 58:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alvarez-Sola G, Uriarte I, Latasa MU, Jimenez M, Barcena-Varela M, Santamaría E, Urtasun R, Rodriguez-Ortigosa C, Prieto J, Corrales FJ, Baulies A, García-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC, Berraondo P, Fernandez-Barrena MG, Berasain C, Avila MA. Engineered fibroblast growth factor 19 protects from acetaminophen-induced liver injury and stimulates aged liver regeneration in mice. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3083. [PMID: 28981086 PMCID: PMC5682649 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver displays a remarkable regenerative capacity triggered upon tissue injury or resection. However, liver regeneration can be overwhelmed by excessive parenchymal destruction or diminished by pre-existing conditions hampering repair. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19, rodent FGF15) is an enterokine that regulates liver bile acid and lipid metabolism, and stimulates hepatocellular protein synthesis and proliferation. FGF19/15 is also important for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH). Therefore recombinant FGF19 would be an ideal molecule to stimulate liver regeneration, but its applicability may be curtailed by its short half-life. We developed a chimaeric molecule termed Fibapo in which FGF19 is covalently coupled to apolipoprotein A-I. Fibapo retains FGF19 biological activities but has significantly increased half-life and hepatotropism. Here we evaluated the pro-regenerative activity of Fibapo in two clinically relevant models where liver regeneration may be impaired: acetaminophen (APAP) poisoning, and PH in aged mice. The only approved therapy for APAP intoxication is N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and no drugs are available to stimulate liver regeneration. We demonstrate that Fibapo reduced liver injury and boosted regeneration in APAP-intoxicated mice. Fibapo improved survival of APAP-poisoned mice when given at later time points, when NAC is ineffective. Mechanistically, Fibapo accelerated recovery of hepatic glutathione levels, potentiated cell growth-related pathways and increased functional liver mass. When Fibapo was administered to old mice prior to PH, liver regeneration was markedly increased. The exacerbated injury developing in these mice upon PH was attenuated, and the hepatic biosynthetic capacity was enhanced. Fibapo reversed metabolic and molecular alterations that impede regeneration in aged livers. It reduced liver steatosis and downregulated p21 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (Hnf4α) levels, whereas it stimulated Foxm1b gene expression. Together our findings indicate that FGF19 variants retaining the metabolic and growth-promoting effects of this enterokine may be valuable for the stimulation of liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Alvarez-Sola
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Iker Uriarte
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Maria U Latasa
- Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Maddalen Jimenez
- Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Marina Barcena-Varela
- Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Eva Santamaría
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Raquel Urtasun
- Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Ortigosa
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Jesús Prieto
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Fernando J Corrales
- Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Baulies
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC and Liver Unit-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, CA, USA
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC and Liver Unit-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, CA, USA
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC and Liver Unit-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Maite G Fernandez-Barrena
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Carmen Berasain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Matías A Avila
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,Hepatology Programme, CIMA, Idisna, Universidad de Navarra, Avda, Pio XII, n 55, Pamplona 31008, Spain
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Gregório I, Zapata F, Torre M, García-Ruiz C. Statistical approach for ATR-FTIR screening of semen in sexual evidence. Talanta 2017; 174:853-857. [PMID: 28738663 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genetic identification has revolutionized the Forensic Sciences, especially in sexual aggression cases. For the successful extraction of the genetic information of a criminal, a crucial step is the prior detection of bodily fluids on evidence. In this article, a method for non-destructive screening of semen samples is reported. Using chemometric tools, bodily fluids can be detected and differentiated without damaging the sample, by correlating the infrared spectra of sexual evidence with previously recorded spectra from undamaged stains of individual bodily fluids. In modern hospitals/laboratories, the proposed method would not require additional equipment/material nor specialized personnel. Furthermore, the method provides qualitative and reliable results, without requiring human interpretation. Therefore, the proposed method opens a door for a low-cost, fully automated and efficient system for non-destructive screening of semen, which could be easily and massively implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gregório
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Torre
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Zapata F, Ortega-Ojeda FE, García-Ruiz C. Revealing the location of semen, vaginal fluid and urine in stained evidence through near infrared chemical imaging. Talanta 2017; 166:292-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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López-López M, Alvarez-Llamas C, Pisonero J, García-Ruiz C, Bordel N. An exploratory study of the potential of LIBS for visualizing gunshot residue patterns. Forensic Sci Int 2017; 273:124-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Mitochondria are considered cholesterol-poor organelles, and obtain their cholesterol load by the action of specialized proteins involved in its delivery from extramitochondrial sources and trafficking within mitochondrial membranes. Although mitochondrial cholesterol fulfills vital physiological functions, such as the synthesis of bile acids in the liver or the formation of steroid hormones in specialized tissues, recent evidence indicates that the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria may be a key event in prevalent human diseases, in particular in the development of steatohepatitis (SH) and its progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation promotes the transition from simple steatosis to SH due to the sensitization to oxidative stress and cell death. However, mitochondrial cholesterol loading in HCC determines apoptosis resistance and insensitivity to chemotherapy. These opposing functions of mitochondrial cholesterol in SH and HCC define its paradoxical role in cell death as a pro- and anti-apoptotic factor. Further understanding of this conundrum may be useful to modulate the progression from SH to HCC by targeting mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto Investigaciones Biomedicas de Barcelona, CSIC, C/Rosello 161, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, University of Southern California Research Center for Alcohol Liver and Pancreatic Diseases and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vicente Ribas
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto Investigaciones Biomedicas de Barcelona, CSIC, C/Rosello 161, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Baulies
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto Investigaciones Biomedicas de Barcelona, CSIC, C/Rosello 161, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto Investigaciones Biomedicas de Barcelona, CSIC, C/Rosello 161, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain.
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, University of Southern California Research Center for Alcohol Liver and Pancreatic Diseases and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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48
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Stefanovic M, Tutusaus A, Martinez-Nieto GA, Bárcena C, de Gregorio E, Moutinho C, Barbero-Camps E, Villanueva A, Colell A, Marí M, García-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC, Morales A. Targeting glucosylceramide synthase upregulation reverts sorafenib resistance in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8253-67. [PMID: 26811497 PMCID: PMC4884990 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Evasive mechanisms triggered by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib reduce its efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Drug-resistant cancer cells frequently exhibit sphingolipid dysregulation, reducing chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity via the induction of ceramide-degrading enzymes. However, the role of ceramide in sorafenib therapy and resistance in HCC has not been clearly established. Our data reveals that ceramide-modifying enzymes, particularly glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), are upregulated during sorafenib treatment in hepatoma cells (HepG2 and Hep3B), and more importantly, in sorafenib-resistant cell lines. GCS silencing or pharmacological GCS inhibition sensitized hepatoma cells to sorafenib exposure. GCS inhibition, combined with sorafenib, triggered cytochrome c release and ATP depletion in sorafenib-treated hepatoma cells, leading to mitochondrial cell death after energetic collapse. Conversely, genetic GCS overexpression increased sorafenib resistance. Of interest, GCS inhibition improved sorafenib effectiveness in a xenograft mouse model, recovering drug sensitivity of sorafenib-resistant tumors in mice. In conclusion, our results reveal GCS induction as a mechanism of sorafenib resistance, suggesting that GCS targeting may be a novel strategy to increase sorafenib efficacy in HCC management, and point to target the mitochondria as the subcellular location where sorafenib therapy could be potentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Stefanovic
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Tutusaus
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Bárcena
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Estefania de Gregorio
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catia Moutinho
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Barbero-Camps
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Marí
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Albert Morales
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Zapata F, de la Ossa MÁF, Gilchrist E, Barron L, García-Ruiz C. Progressing the analysis of Improvised Explosive Devices: Comparative study for trace detection of explosive residues in handprints by Raman spectroscopy and liquid chromatography. Talanta 2016; 161:219-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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50
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Gregório I, Zapata F, García-Ruiz C. Analysis of human bodily fluids on superabsorbent pads by ATR-FTIR. Talanta 2016; 162:634-640. [PMID: 27837882 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Superabsorbent pads are composed of different layers with different grades of absorbent capacity, being the lower one the most absorbent layer. Due to their complexity, the analysis of bodily fluids on superabsorbent pads is certainly difficult. In this study, semen, vaginal fluid and urine stains placed on superabsorbent pads including sanitary napkins, panty-liners and diapers were non-destructively detected by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In spite of the higher absorbent capacity of the lower layers, this technique was able to detect the three fluids on the upper layer of all pads, showing that bodily fluids are distributed within all layers. Additionally, mixtures of these bodily fluids prepared on superabsorbent pads and cotton were studied, since real forensic investigations involving sexual abuse cases usually deal with mixtures of these fluids. Due to their IR marked protein region (1800-1480cm-1), semen and vaginal fluid were easily distinguished from urine. However, since semen and vaginal fluid have both a high protein composition, that region of their IR signatures were quite similar, except for slight visual differences, that should be further analysed. Therefore, we propose ATR-FTIR as a suitable, presumptive, non-destructive and rapid approach to detect stains of human bodily fluids on the upper layer of superabsorbent pads from sexual crimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gregório
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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