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Mafuba K, Kiernan J, Chapman HM, Kupara D, Kudita C, Chester R. Understanding the contribution of intellectual disability nurses. Paper 2 of 4 - Survey. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023:17446295231213434. [PMID: 37956695 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231213434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to identify ID nursing interventions and their impact on the health and healthcare of people with IDs. Data was collected using an online survey questionnaire from a voluntary response and snowball sample of 230 participants. Thematic, descriptive statistical, and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken. We identified 878 interventions that could be undertaken by ID nurses from 7 countries. We categorised the interventions into five themes: effectuating nursing procedures, enhancing impact of ID services, enhancing impact of mainstream services, enhancing quality of life, and enhancing ID nursing practice. Findings demonstrate that ID nurses play important roles in improving the health and healthcare experiences of people with IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joann Kiernan
- Edge Hill University and Alder Hey Children's Hospital, UK
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Mafuba K, Kiernan J, Kudita C, Chapman HM, Kupara D, Chester R. Understanding the contribution of intellectual disabilities nurses: Paper 3 of 4 - evaluation. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023:17446295231196588. [PMID: 37611566 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231196588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The overall objective of this research was to identify intellectual disability nursing interventions and their impact on the health and healthcare of people with intellectual disability. This is part 3 of a 4-part series. In this paper we report the findings from quantitative questions from an online survey of intellectual disability nurses. The objective of this part of the study was to a evaluate intellectual disability nurses' confidence in their understanding of the interventions they undertook. Quantitative data was collected using an online survey questionnaire from a voluntary response and snowball sample of 230 participants from 7 countries. Thematic, descriptive statistical, and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken. The evaluation data suggest and demonstrate a lack of clarity among intellectual disability nurses of the interventions they can effectively undertake. There appears to be correlations between lack of role clarity and the types of employer organisations and countries. Further work need to be undertaken by nurse leaders ascertain and address this lack of clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joann Kiernan
- Edge Hill Universityand Alder Hey Children's Hospital, UK
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Doody O, Hennessy T, Moloney M, Lyons R, Bright AM. The value and contribution of intellectual disability nurses/nurses caring for people with intellectual disability in intellectual disability settings: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2022; 32:1993-2040. [PMID: 35301775 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual disability experience poorer health and healthcare access issues. As a leading role in healthcare provision for people with intellectual disability nurses are key to supporting person-centred care and health outcomes. However, little is known about specialist intellectual disability nursing and their contribution to care provision for people with intellectual disability. METHODS A systematic scoping review. Searches of seven academic databases including MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted to identify relevant literature. Literature addressing intellectual disability nursing or nursing care for people with intellectual disability in intellectual disability centres/units/care homes were reviewed and reported as per PRISMA-ScR checklist and PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS The published literature (n = 68) is extensive and describes the value and contribution of intellectual disability nursing across all domains of professional practice and supports a biopsychosocial-educational approach to addressing the physical, mental and social needs of clients with intellectual disability across the care continuum of health management, health promotion and health education. CONCLUSIONS Despite the importance of the review question and the large volume of publication evidence detailing wide-ranging professional nursing roles and responsibilities, there remains limited literature on the assessment and intervention strategies employed by intellectual disability nurses that highlight their specialist knowledge and skill. Future research should focus on making the role of the nurse more visible and presenting their unique contributions to client care, service delivery, policy and ultimately to the art and science of nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Doody
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Therese Hennessy
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Mairead Moloney
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rosemary Lyons
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ann-Marie Bright
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Doody O, Murphy L, Moloney M. Clinical placements in intellectual disability nurse education: A scoping review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 94:104593. [PMID: 32942244 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disability undergraduate nurse education is provided in partnership between third level institutes and healthcare providers. The changing healthcare landscape has resulted in a reduction of the number of clinical placement's available to students, as persons with intellectual disabilities previously supported in institutional settings are now supported to live more independently and included within their community. This review aims to identify the range and efficacy of clinical placement's currently utilised within intellectual disability undergraduate nurse education. A scoping review framework was utilised to present a broad understanding and knowledge synthesis of the available literature. A systematic search strategy detected relevant papers across eight electronic databases. A total of 451 non-duplicate papers were identified. The review methods yielded ten papers for inclusion. Of these papers, nine were from the United Kingdom (UK) and one from Australia. Findings indicate that there is limited published literature on this topic and a notable absence of literature from Ireland, which is one of only two countries that have direct entry intellectual disability undergraduate nurse education. This review highlights the need to explore alternative placement options not traditionally considered/available to undergraduate nursing students and that further research is needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Doody
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery. University of Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Louise Murphy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland, Galway.
| | - Mairead Moloney
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery. University of Limerick, Ireland.
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O'Reilly K, Lewis P, Wiese M, Goddard L, Trip H, Conder J, Charnock D, Lin Z, Jaques H, Wilson NJ. An exploration of the practice, policy and legislative issues of the specialist area of nursing people with intellectual disability: A scoping review. Nurs Inq 2018; 25:e12258. [PMID: 30066979 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The specialist field of intellectual disability nursing has been subjected to a number of changes since the move towards deinstitutionalisation from the 1970s. Government policies sought to change the nature of the disability workforce from what was labelled as a medicalised approach, towards a more socially oriented model of support. Decades on however, many nurses who specialise in the care of people with intellectual disability are still employed. In Australia, the advent of the National Disability Insurance Scheme offers an apt moment to reflect upon these decades of specialised nursing care as the context of this nursing care will continue to evolve. A review of the published literature was conducted to explore what has shaped the field in the past and how this might inform the future of this speciality area under new policy and service contexts. People with intellectual disability have specific health and support needs that require a specialised workforce. Specialist nurses continue to be needed for people with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate O'Reilly
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Lewis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
| | - Michele Wiese
- School of Social Science and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
| | - Linda Goddard
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Henrietta Trip
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, the University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Conder
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, the University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David Charnock
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhen Lin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
| | - Hayden Jaques
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan J Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
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Jaques H, Lewis P, O'Reilly K, Wiese M, Wilson NJ. Understanding the contemporary role of the intellectual disability nurse: A review of the literature. J Clin Nurs 2018; 27:3858-3871. [PMID: 29893440 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify the specialist role/s that nurses perform and the specialist skills that nurses use when caring for people with intellectual disability. METHODS Adhering to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," various subject headings were used to systematically search six electronic databases for articles published in English between 2000 and 2017. A total of 27 articles were reviewed. RESULTS The literature demonstrates that similarities exist between the physical care delivered to people with intellectual disability and that delivered to people without intellectual disability. However, skills in the areas of communication, advocacy and person-centred care differ between these two groups. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the skill set of the specialist intellectual disability nurse is not uniquely technical but it is uniquely relational that incorporate increased patience and resilience when developing relationships with the people they care for. CONCLUSION This review has provided insights into the main differences in the skills required when working with people with intellectual disability compared to working with those without. However, minimal literature was identified that adequately describes what is unique about the performance of the role of specialised intellectual disability nurses-especially in Australia. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Understanding the skills required of nurses caring for people with intellectual disability provides the opportunity for more nurses to develop these specialised relational skills and for this branch of nursing to attract professional recognition that is currently limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Jaques
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Lewis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate O'Reilly
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Michele Wiese
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan J Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Oral Health Outcomes, Research Translation and Evaluation (COHORTE), Liverpool, Australia.,Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
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Lovell A, Bailey J. Nurses' perceptions of personal attributes required when working with people with a learning disability and an offending background: a qualitative study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24:4-14. [PMID: 27439391 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Learning disability nursing in the area of people with a learning disability and an offending background has developed considerably over recent years, particularly since the publication of the Bradley (). There has been limited work into the competencies nurses require to work in this area, and even less about the personal attributes of learning disability nurses. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Learning disability nursing's specific contribution to the care of this population lies in their knowledge of the interaction between the learning disability, an individual's, sometimes abusive, personal history and an understanding of the subsequent offending behaviour. The knowledge base of nurses working with people with learning disabilities and an offending background needs to reflect the changing service user group. This is particularly in relation to substance misuse, borderline personality disorder, and mental health and the way such factors inter-relate with the learning disability. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Further research is required into the relationship among decision making, risk taking or reluctance to do this, and the personal attributes required by nurses to work in secure learning disability care. Learning disability secure services are likely to continue to undergo change as circumstances alter and the offending population demonstrate greater complexity; nursing competencies and personal attributes need similarly to adapt to such changes. Mental health nursing has a great deal to contribute to effective working with this population, specifically with regard to developing strong relationships when concerns around borderline personality disorder or substance misuse are particularly in evidence. ABSTRACT Aim To identify and discuss the personal attributes required by learning disability nurses to work effectively with people with an offending background in secure and community settings. Background This study was part of a larger research investigation into the nursing competencies required to work with people with an offending background. There are few existing studies examining the personal attributes necessary for working with this group. Design A qualitative study addressing the perceptions of nurses around the personal attributes required to work with people with learning disabilities and an offending background. Methods A semi-structured interview schedule was devised and constructed, and 39 individual interviews were subsequently undertaken with learning disability nurses working in high, medium, low secure and community settings. Data were collected over 1 year in 2010/11 and analysed using a structured thematic analysis supported by the software package MAXqda. Findings The thematic analysis produced three categories of personal attributes, named as looking deeper, achieving balance and connecting, each of which contained a further three sub-categories. Conclusion Nursing of those with a learning disability and an offending background continues to develop. The interplay among personal history, additional background factors, nurses' personal attributes and learning disability is critical for effective relationship building.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lovell
- Department of Mental Health & Learning Disabilities, Faculty of Health & Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - J Bailey
- Faculty of Health & Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
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O'Shea LE, Dickens GL. Predictive validity of the START for unauthorised leave and substance abuse in a secure mental health setting: a pseudo-prospective cohort study. Int J Nurs Stud 2015; 52:970-9. [PMID: 25769477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk assessment and management is central to the nursing role in forensic mental health settings. The Short Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) aims to support assessment through identification of risk and protective factors. It has demonstrated predictive validity for aggression; it also aims to aid risk assessment for unauthorised leave and substance abuse where its performance is relatively untested. OBJECTIVES To test the predictive validity of the START for unauthorised leave and substance abuse. DESIGN A naturalistic, pseudo-prospective cohort study. SETTINGS Four centres of a large UK provider of secure inpatient mental health services. PARTICIPANTS Inpatients resident between May 2011 and October 2013 who remained in the service for 3-months following assessment with the START by their clinical team. Exclusion criteria were missing assessment data in excess of prorating guidelines. Of 900 eligible patients 73 were excluded leaving a final sample size of n=827 (response rate 91.9%). Mean age was 38.5 years (SD=16.7); most participants (72.2%) were male; common diagnoses were schizophrenia-type disorders, personality disorders, organic disorders, developmental disorders and intellectual disability. METHODS Routinely conducted START assessments were gathered. Subsequent incidents of substance abuse and unauthorised leave were coded independently. Positive and negative predictive values of low and elevated risk were calculated. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was conducted to ascertain the predictive accuracy of the assessments based on their sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS Patient-based rates of unauthorised leave (2.4%) and substance abuse (1.6%) were low. The positive and negative predictive values for unauthorised leave were 5.9% and 98.4%; and for substance abuse 8.1% and 99.0%. The START specific risk estimate for unauthorised leave predicted its associated outcome (Area under the curve=.659, p<.05, 95% CI .531, .786); the substance abuse risk estimate predicted its outcome with a large effect size (Area under the curve=.723, p<.01, 95% CI .568, .879). CONCLUSIONS The study provides limited support for the START by demonstrating the predictive validity of its specific risk estimates for substance abuse and unauthorised leave. High negative predictive values suggest the tool may be of most utility in screening out low risk individuals from unnecessary restrictive interventions; very low positive predictive values suggest caution before implementing restrictive interventions in those rated at elevated risk. Researchers should investigate how multidisciplinary teams formulate risk assessments for these outcomes since they outperform the quantitative element of this tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E O'Shea
- St Andrew's Academic Department, St Andrew's Hospital, Billing Road, Northampton NN1 5DG, United Kingdom; King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Geoffrey L Dickens
- St Andrew's Academic Department, St Andrew's Hospital, Billing Road, Northampton NN1 5DG, United Kingdom; School of Social and Health Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
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Lovell A, Bailey J, Kingdon A, Gentile D. Working with people with learning disabilities in varying degrees of security: nurses' perceptions of competencies. J Adv Nurs 2014; 70:2041-2050. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lovell
- Faculty of Health & Social Care; University of Chester; UK
| | - Jan Bailey
- Faculty of Health & Social Care; University of Chester; UK
| | - Anne Kingdon
- Cheshire & Wirral Partnership NHS Foundation Trust; Macclesfield Cheshire UK
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