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Subramanian G, Kalidasan K, Quah S, Han QCG, Chan J, Wacker MG, Sampath P. Breaking barriers: Innovative approaches for skin delivery of RNA therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124435. [PMID: 38986965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics represent a rapidly expanding platform with game-changing prospects in personalized medicine. The disruptive potential of this technology will overhaul the standard of care with reference to both primary and specialty care. To date, RNA therapeutics have mostly been delivered parenterally via injection, but topical administration followed by intradermal or transdermal delivery represents an attractive method that is convenient to patients and minimally invasive. The skin barrier, particularly the lipid-rich stratum corneum, presents a significant hurdle to the uptake of large, charged oligonucleotide drugs. Therapeutic oligonucleotides need to be engineered for stability and specificity and formulated with state-of-the-art delivery strategies for efficient uptake. This review will cover various passive and active strategies deployed to enhance permeation through the stratum corneum and achieve effective delivery of RNA therapeutics to treat both local skin disorders and systemic diseases. Some strategies to achieve selectivity between local and systemic administration will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Subramanian
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Kamaladasan Kalidasan
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shan Quah
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Qi Chou Gavin Han
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore (NUS), 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Justin Chan
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore (NUS), 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore.
| | - Prabha Sampath
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 11 Mandalay Road #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, #02-01 Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore; Program in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
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Gupta B, Sharma PK, Malviya R. Carbon Nanotubes for Targeted Therapy: Safety, Efficacy, Feasibility and Regulatory Aspects. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:81-99. [PMID: 38185892 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128282085231226065407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
It is crucial that novel and efficient drug delivery techniques be created in order to improve the pharmacological profiles of a wide variety of classes of medicinal compounds. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently come to the forefront as an innovative and very effective technique for transporting and translocating medicinal compounds. CNTs were suggested and aggressively researched as multifunctional novel transporters designed for targeted pharmaceutical distribution and used in diagnosis. CNTs can act as vectors for direct administration of pharmaceuticals, particularly chemotherapeutic medications. Multi-walled CNTs make up the great majority of CNT transporters, and these CNTs were used in techniques to target cancerous cells. It is possible to employ Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to transport bioactive peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and medicines by functionalizing them with these substances. Due to their low toxicity and absence of immunogenicity, carbon nanotubes are not immunogenic. Ammonium-functionalized carbon nanotubes are also attractive vectors for gene-encoding nucleic acids. CNTs that have been coupled with antigenic peptides have the potential to be developed into a novel and efficient approach for the use of synthetic vaccines. CNTs bring up an enormous number of new avenues for future medicine development depending on targets within cells, which have until now been difficult to access. This review focuses on the numerous applications of various CNT types used as medicine transport systems and on the utilization of CNTs for therapeutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yuwen T, Shu D, Zou H, Yang X, Wang S, Zhang S, Liu Q, Wang X, Wang G, Zhang Y, Zang G. Carbon nanotubes: a powerful bridge for conductivity and flexibility in electrochemical glucose sensors. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:320. [PMID: 37679841 PMCID: PMC10483845 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nanomaterials in the biosensor field has garnered substantial attention in recent years. Initially, the emphasis was on enhancing the sensor current rather than material interactions. However, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained prominence in glucose sensors due to their high aspect ratio, remarkable chemical stability, and notable optical and electronic attributes. The diverse nanostructures and metal surface designs of CNTs, coupled with their exceptional physical and chemical properties, have led to diverse applications in electrochemical glucose sensor research. Substantial progress has been achieved, particularly in constructing flexible interfaces based on CNTs. This review focuses on CNT-based sensor design, manufacturing advancements, material synergy effects, and minimally invasive/noninvasive glucose monitoring devices. The review also discusses the trend toward simultaneous detection of multiple markers in glucose sensors and the pivotal role played by CNTs in this trend. Furthermore, the latest applications of CNTs in electrochemical glucose sensors are explored, accompanied by an overview of the current status, challenges, and future prospects of CNT-based sensors and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yuwen
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Danting Shu
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hanyan Zou
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shuheng Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qichen Liu
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangxiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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Zeng L, Gowda BHJ, Ahmed MG, Abourehab MAS, Chen ZS, Zhang C, Li J, Kesharwani P. Advancements in nanoparticle-based treatment approaches for skin cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:10. [PMID: 36635761 PMCID: PMC9835394 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer has emerged as the fifth most commonly reported cancer in the world, causing a burden on global health and the economy. The enormously rising environmental changes, industrialization, and genetic modification have further exacerbated skin cancer statistics. Current treatment modalities such as surgery, radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are facing several issues related to cost, toxicity, and bioavailability thereby leading to declined anti-skin cancer therapeutic efficacy and poor patient compliance. In the context of overcoming this limitation, several nanotechnological advancements have been witnessed so far. Among various nanomaterials, nanoparticles have endowed exorbitant advantages by acting as both therapeutic agents and drug carriers for the remarkable treatment of skin cancer. The small size and large surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles escalate the skin tumor uptake through their leaky vasculature resulting in enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this context, the present review provides up to date information about different types and pathology of skin cancer, followed by their current treatment modalities and associated drawbacks. Furthermore, it meticulously discusses the role of numerous inorganic, polymer, and lipid-based nanoparticles in skin cancer therapy with subsequent descriptions of their patents and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - B H Jaswanth Gowda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India.
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5
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Assessment of Pristine Carbon Nanotubes Toxicity in Rodent Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315343. [PMID: 36499665 PMCID: PMC9739793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are increasingly used in nanomedicine and material chemistry research, mostly because of their small size over a large surface area. Due to their properties, they are very attractive candidates for use in medicine and as drug carriers, contrast agents, biological platforms, and so forth. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may affect many organs, directly or indirectly, so there is a need for toxic effects evaluation. The main mechanisms of toxicity include oxidative stress, inflammation, the ability to damage DNA and cell membrane, as well as necrosis and apoptosis. The research concerning CNTs focuses on different animal models, functionalization, ways of administration, concentrations, times of exposure, and a variety of properties, which have a significant effect on toxicity. The impact of pristine CNTs on toxicity in rodent models is being increasingly studied. However, it is immensely difficult to compare obtained results since there are no standardized tests. This review summarizes the toxicity issues of pristine CNTs in rodent models, as they are often the preferred model for human disease studies, in different organ systems, while considering the various factors that affect them. Regardless, the results showed that the majority of toxicological studies using rodent models revealed some toxic effects. Even with different properties, carbon nanotubes were able to generate inflammation, fibrosis, or biochemical changes in different organs. The problem is that there are only a small amount of long-term toxicity studies, which makes it impossible to obtain a good understanding of later effects. This article will give a greater overview of the situation on toxicity in many organs. It will allow researchers to look at the toxicity of carbon nanotubes in a broader context and help to identify studies that are missing to properly assess toxicity.
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Zhang C, Zhu X, Hou S, Pan W, Liao W. Functionalization of Nanomaterials for Skin Cancer Theranostics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:887548. [PMID: 35557870 PMCID: PMC9086318 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.887548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer has drawn attention for the increasing incident rates and high morbidity worldwide. Timely diagnosis and efficient treatment are of paramount importance for prompt and effective therapy. Thus, the development of novel skin cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies is of great significance for both fundamental research and clinical practice. Recently, the emerging field of nanotechnology has profoundly impact on early diagnosis and better treatment planning of skin cancer. In this review, we will discuss the current encouraging advances in functional nanomaterials for skin cancer theranostics. Challenges in the field and safety concerns of nanomaterials will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuming Hou
- Orthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqing Liao, ; Weihua Pan,
| | - Wanqing Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqing Liao, ; Weihua Pan,
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Ye L, Chen W, Chen Y, Qiu Y, Yi J, Li X, Lin Q, Guo B. Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube-ethosomes for transdermal delivery of ketoprofen: Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mezei A, Pons R. MWNTs or PEG as Stability Enhancers for DNA-Cationic Surfactant Gel Particles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168801. [PMID: 34445500 PMCID: PMC8395904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic surfactants interact with DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), forming surfactant-DNA complexes that offer particularly efficient control for encapsulation and release of DNA from DNA gel particles. In the present work, DNA-based particles were prepared using CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as the cationic surfactant and modified using two different additives: (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) MWNT or PEG (Poly Ethylene Glycol). The use of both additives to form composites increased the stability of the gel particles. The stability was monitored by the release of DNA and CTAB in different pH solutions. However, not much is known about the influence of pH on DNA–surfactant interaction and the release of DNA and surfactant from gel particles. It was observed that the solubilization of DNA occurs only in very acid media, while that of CTAB does not depend on pH and gets to a plateau after about 8 h. Within 2 h in contact with a pH = 2 solution, about 1% DNA and CTAB was released. Complete destruction for the gel particles was observed in pH = 2 solution after 17 days for PEG and 20 days for MWNT. The composite particles show a considerably enlarged sustained release span compared to the unmodified ones. The dehydration-rehydration studies show that the structure of the composite gel particles, as determined from SAXS (Small-Angle-X-Ray-Scattering) experiments, is similar to that of the unmodified ones. These studies will allow a better knowledge of these particles’ formation and evolution in view of possible applications in drug delivery and release.
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Neupane R, Boddu SHS, Abou-Dahech MS, Bachu RD, Terrero D, Babu RJ, Tiwari AK. Transdermal Delivery of Chemotherapeutics: Strategies, Requirements, and Opportunities. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:960. [PMID: 34206728 PMCID: PMC8308987 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs are primarily administered to cancer patients via oral or parenteral routes. The use of transdermal drug delivery could potentially be a better alternative to decrease the dose frequency and severity of adverse or toxic effects associated with oral or parenteral administration of chemotherapeutic drugs. The transdermal delivery of drugs has shown to be advantageous for the treatment of highly localized tumors in certain types of breast and skin cancers. In addition, the transdermal route can be used to deliver low-dose chemotherapeutics in a sustained manner. The transdermal route can also be utilized for vaccine design in cancer management, for example, vaccines against cervical cancer. However, the design of transdermal formulations may be challenging in terms of the conjugation chemistry of the molecules and the sustained and reproducible delivery of therapeutically efficacious doses. In this review, we discuss the nano-carrier systems, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, etc., used in recent literature to deliver chemotherapeutic agents. The advantages of transdermal route over oral and parenteral routes for popular chemotherapeutic drugs are summarized. Furthermore, we also discuss a possible in silico approach, Formulating for Efficacy™, to design transdermal formulations that would probably be economical, robust, and more efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Neupane
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (M.S.A.-D.); (R.D.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mariam Sami Abou-Dahech
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (M.S.A.-D.); (R.D.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Rinda Devi Bachu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (M.S.A.-D.); (R.D.B.); (D.T.)
| | - David Terrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (M.S.A.-D.); (R.D.B.); (D.T.)
| | - R. Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (M.S.A.-D.); (R.D.B.); (D.T.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Yerlikaya F, Camlik G, Akkol EK, Degim Z, Degim IT, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Formation of quantum water in nanoparticulate systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Li J, Yang X, Zhang Z, Xiao H, Sun W, Huang W, Li Y, Chen C, Sun Y. Aggregation kinetics of diesel soot nanoparticles in artificial and human sweat solutions: Effects of sweat constituents, pH, and temperature. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123614. [PMID: 32829227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soot nanoparticles (SNPs) are airborne contaminants that could potentially penetrate skin, but their aggregation after contact with sweat may lower their health risks. This study investigated SNP aggregation kinetics in 4 artificial sweat standards and 21 human sweat samples. Effects of sweat inorganic (NaCl, Na2HPO4, and NaH2PO4) and organic (L-histidine, lactic acid, and urea) constituents, pH, temperature, and concentrations were examined. Results showed that SNP aggregation rates in 4 standards followed American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) > British Standard (EN) > International Standard Organization (ISO) pH 5.5 > ISO pH 8.0, and could be described by the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The aggregation rates increased with concentrations of SNPs, inorganic salts, L-histidine, and lactic acid, decreased with increasing pH and concentration of urea, and were weakly influenced by temperature. Systematic characterizations revealed SNP adsorption for organic sweat constituents. SNPs aggregated rapidly to ∼1000 nm in AATCC, but remained stable in ISO pH 8.0 and > 14/21 human sweat fluids over 20 min. The SNP aggregation rates correlated negatively with pH (r = -0.531*) and |ζ potential| (r = -0.464*) of human sweat samples. Sweat evaporation could promote aggregation of SNPs, hence lowering their potential harm via dermal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Xingjian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Harry Xiao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China
| | - Weilin Huang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Chengyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| | - Yan Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China; Agricultural Environmental Protection and Rural Energy Station, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510500, China
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12
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Cassano R, Cuconato M, Calviello G, Serini S, Trombino S. Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Melanoma. Molecules 2021; 26:785. [PMID: 33546290 PMCID: PMC7913377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with few possibilities for therapeutic approaches, due to its multi-drug resistance and, consequently, low survival rate for patients. Conventional therapies for treatment melanoma include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, which have various side effects. For this reason, in recent years, pharmaceutical and biomedical research has focused on new sito-specific alternative therapeutic strategies. In this regard, nanotechnology offers numerous benefits which could improve the life expectancy of melanoma patients with very low adverse effects. This review aims to examine the latest advances in nanotechnology as an innovative strategy for treating melanoma. In particular, the use of different types of nanoparticles, such as vesicles, polymers, metal-based, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, solid lipid, microneedles, and their combination with immunotherapies and vaccines will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (R.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Cuconato
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (R.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (S.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (S.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (R.C.); (M.C.)
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Aung Than
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Innovative Centre for Flexible DevicesNanyang Technological University Singapore
| | - Ping Zan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Innovative Centre for Flexible DevicesNanyang Technological University Singapore
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Innovative Centre for Flexible DevicesNanyang Technological University Singapore
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14
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Beiu C, Giurcaneanu C, Grumezescu AM, Holban AM, Popa LG, Mihai MM. Nanosystems for Improved Targeted Therapies in Melanoma. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020318. [PMID: 31979325 PMCID: PMC7073828 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with limited therapeutic options. Since its incidence has been rapidly rising in recent years, the study of new targeted therapeutic strategies has increased. The implication of nanoscience in the development of alternative targeted therapies for melanoma has multiple benefits and could significantly improve the outcome of melanoma patients. In this paper, we review the most recent progress in the field of targeted therapies, emphasizing the impact of nanoscale materials on the targeting and controlled release of anti-tumor drugs. The applications of nanomedicine in the management of melanoma are extensive and refer to sentinel lymph node mapping, chemotherapy, and RNA interference; each of these applications harboring the potential to develop efficient and personalized diagnostic techniques and therapies. Further research, especially in clinical trials, is needed to establish whether fighting melanoma on the nanoscale level represents the key to reaching a critical inflection point in mankind’s battle with metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Beiu
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-“Elias” Emergency University Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
| | - Calin Giurcaneanu
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-“Elias” Emergency University Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alina Maria Holban
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-721-600-737
| | - Liliana Gabriela Popa
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-“Elias” Emergency University Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
| | - Mara Mădălina Mihai
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-“Elias” Emergency University Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.G.); (L.G.P.)
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Nanotechnological breakthroughs in the development of topical phytocompounds-based formulations. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Manickam B, Sreedharan R, Chidambaram K. Drug/Vehicle Impacts and Formulation Centered Stratagems for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Permeation, Controlled Release and Safety: Unparalleled Past and Recent Innovations-An Overview. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666190212113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are one of the fascinating unconventional drug delivery systems offering plentiful advantages of which patient compliance is of paramount importance. However, as a matter of fact, the transdermal delivery of drug molecules is absolutely a tedious job which is precisely influenced by a number of factors including penetration barrier properties of the skin, drug characteristics formulation allied issues, etc. Over the years, innumerable tremendous efforts have been made in transporting the drugs through the skin into the systemic circulation by noteworthy tactics. This paper discusses such revolutionary formulation based techniques that have been endeavored in achieving the enhanced skin permeation of drugs, controlled release, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Manickam
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Initial Campus, Birkat Al Mouz, Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Oman
| | - Rajesh Sreedharan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No-1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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A Snapshot of Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Research in Canada. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060256. [PMID: 31159422 PMCID: PMC6631132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The minimally- or non-invasive delivery of therapeutic agents through the skin has several advantages compared to other delivery routes and plays an important role in medical care routines. The development and refinement of new technologies is leading to a drastic expansion of the arsenal of drugs that can benefit from this delivery strategy and is further intensifying its impact in medicine. Within Canada, as well, a few research groups have worked on the development of state-of-the-art transdermal delivery technologies. Within this short review, we aim to provide a critical overview of the development of these technologies in the Canadian environment.
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Demirbolat GM, Altintas L, Yilmaz S, Degim IT. Development of Orally Applicable, Combinatorial Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Fibrosarcoma. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:1398-1407. [PMID: 29339136 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate systems have been receiving a significant attention especially for the treatment of cancer but one of the main hurdles is to produce these developed and high-tech nanosystems in large quantities. Anticancer drug formulations are generally designed for parenteral administrations but oral administration is still the most convenient route. In this study, orally applicable nano-sized chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared using Nano Spray Dryer. It is possible to produce these NPs in large quantities by simply increasing the processing time using the machine without changing any parameter. A chemotherapeutic agent (imatinib mesylate; IMA) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (dexketoprofen trometamol) were loaded together in these NPs. NPs were also functionalized with polyethylene glycol and folic acid to obtain long circulating NPs and tumor targeting. The antitumoral activities of formulations showed that these developed NPs can enhance the effectiveness. Animal experiments were performed on fibrosarcoma-bearing mice model, and the treatment with 0.8 mg/μL/kg IMA-loaded chitosan NPs was found to be successful to slow down the growth of tumors. The tumor tissues were removed from the animals and enzymatic activities were evaluated. The inhibitory effect of tyrosine kinase was found to be enhanced from 36.4% to 68.4% when IMA was used in combination with dexketoprofen trometamol. Furthermore, all dried NPs were found to be stable for more than a year at 25°C. Presented results show that these developed combinatorial drug-loaded NPs can be used for the treatment of fibrosarcoma, and these data can provide an insight, new strategies for productions or alternatives in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulen Melike Demirbolat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Gazi University Faculty of Pharmacy, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Altintas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukran Yilmaz
- Cells and Virus Bank Division, Food and Mouth Diseases Institute, 06520, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Tuncer Degim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biruni University Faculty of Pharmacy, 34010, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Emergence in the functionalized carbon nanotubes as smart nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. FULLERENS, GRAPHENES AND NANOTUBES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7149356 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813691-1.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the newer generation advanced materials for diverse applications, starting from physical, mechanical, chemical and biological sciences. However, the present era of healthcare industry is extensively using CNTs for exploring their applications in mitigating diverse needs. The considered attention in CNTs is due to their inimitable properties such as size and aspect ratio covering surface area to the length, and amenable electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Available in diverse forms, viz. single-walled, double walled or multi-walled structures, CNTs of different forms possess multiple advantages in various healthcare segments, and especially in drug delivery for the treatment of diseases. CNTs have proven to be useful in specific drug delivery applications such as controlled and targeted drug delivery to desired sites such as lymphatic and ocular systems, brain and other cancerous tissues. Multiple research reports have been published till date, which unequivocally gives testimony to the potential applications of CNTs. The present book chapter, in this regard, endeavor to provide an overview on synthesis, characterization and drug delivery applications of CNTs. The chapter highlights on recent regulatory standards on commercial production and safety testing of the CNTs for translating them into market.
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Development and in vitro evaluation of potential electromodulated transdermal drug delivery systems based on carbon nanotube buckypapers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:431-438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mathur M, Devi VK. Potential of novel drug delivery systems in the management of topical candidiasis. J Drug Target 2017; 25:685-703. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1331352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Mathur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - V. Kusum Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
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Ilbasmis-Tamer S, Tugcu-Demiroz F, Degim IT. Carbon nanotube membranes to predict skin permeability of compounds. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:606-616. [PMID: 27491272 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1221430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes were prepared to predict skin penetration properties of compounds. A series of penetration experiments using Franz diffusion cells were performed with 16 different membrane compositions for model chemicals. Similar experiments were also carried out with same model molecules using five different commercially available synthetic membranes and human skins for the comparison. Model chemicals were selected as diclofenac, dexketoprofen and salicylic acid. Their permeability coefficients and flux values were calculated. Correlations between permeability values of model compounds for human skins and developed model membranes were investigated. Good correlations were obtained for CNT membrane, isopropyl myristate-treated CNT membrane (IM-CNT membrane) and bovine serum albumin-cholesterol, dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline-treated membrane (BSA-Cholesterol-DPPC-IM-CNT membrane). An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed using some molecular properties and penetration coefficients from pristine CNT membranes to predict skin permeability values and quite good predictions were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Ilbasmis-Tamer
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Gazi University , Etiler , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fatmanur Tugcu-Demiroz
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Gazi University , Etiler , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ismail Tuncer Degim
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Gazi University , Etiler , Ankara , Turkey
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Abstract
This review aims to concisely chart the development of two individual research fields, namely nanomedicines, with specific emphasis on nanoparticles (NP) and microparticles (MP), and microneedle (MN) technologies, which have, in the recent past, been exploited in combinatorial approaches for the efficient delivery of a variety of medicinal agents across the skin. This is an emerging and exciting area of pharmaceutical sciences research within the remit of transdermal drug delivery and as such will undoubtedly continue to grow with the emergence of new formulation and fabrication methodologies for particles and MN. Firstly, the fundamental aspects of skin architecture and structure are outlined, with particular reference to their influence on NP and MP penetration. Following on from this, a variety of different particles are described, as are the diverse range of MN modalities currently under development. The review concludes by highlighting some of the novel delivery systems which have been described in the literature exploiting these two approaches and directs the reader towards emerging uses for nanomedicines in combination with MN.
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Singh B, Lohan S, Sandhu PS, Jain A, Mehta SK. Functionalized carbon nanotubes and their promising applications in therapeutics and diagnostics. NANOBIOMATERIALS IN MEDICAL IMAGING 2016. [PMCID: PMC7152156 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-41736-5.00015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention from researchers worldwide in recent years due to their high aspect ratio, high surface area, and excellent material properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivities and mechanical strength. These rolled-up seamless cylinders of graphene sheets possess nanosized hollow-tube-shaped structures. The CNTs can be single-walled, double-walled or multi-walled, depending upon the number of graphene layers from which a single nanotube is composed. The CNTs, favoring encapsulation of drug molecules or by possible attachment of theranostic agents on the nanotube walls, have enabled their use in controlled drug delivery, and in targeting of drug molecules to specific sites such as the lymphatic system, brain, ocular system, and cancerous tissue. This chapter provides an overview of various types of CNTs, methods utilized for their commercial production, and the functionalization approaches employed in drug-delivery applications. In addition, the chapter also endeavors to provide a thoughtful insight into the toxicity and regulatory concerns that need to be addressed before the CNTs can be launched in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Singh
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shikha Lohan
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Premjeet S. Sandhu
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Atul Jain
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Surinder Kumar Mehta
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India,Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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25
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Nanoparticles skin absorption: New aspects for a safety profile evaluation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 72:310-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Mehra NK, Jain K, Jain NK. Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of surface engineered carbon nanotubes. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:750-9. [PMID: 25601411 PMCID: PMC7108288 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising approach in the field of medicine. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are efficient drug delivery systems. Promising therapeutic efficacy of CNTs is needed to be investigated thoroughly. Safety evaluation of CNTs is one of the most important aspects. Targeted delivery via CNTs is an important strategy to improve therapeutic index. f-CNTs may be used as more efficient controlled delivery system.
Surface engineered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting recent attention of scientists owing to their vivid biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. The focus of this review is to highlight the important role of surface engineered CNTs in the highly challenging but rewarding area of nanotechnology. The major strength of this review lies in highlighting the exciting applications of CNTs to boost the research efforts, which unfortunately are otherwise scattered in the literature making the reading non-coherent and non-homogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142 001 Punjab, India; Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar 470 003, India
| | - Keerti Jain
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142 001 Punjab, India; Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar 470 003, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Jain
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142 001 Punjab, India; Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar 470 003, India.
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Siu KS, Chen D, Zheng X, Zhang X, Johnston N, Liu Y, Yuan K, Koropatnick J, Gillies ER, Min WP. Non-covalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube for topical siRNA delivery into melanoma. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3435-42. [PMID: 24424208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RNAi can specifically regulate gene expression, but efficient delivery of siRNA in vivo is difficult while it has been shown that modified carbon nanotubes (CNT) protect siRNA, facilitate entry into cells and enhance transdermal drugs delivery. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were functionalized non-covalently with succinated polyethyleimine (PEI-SA). In this study, the water soluble CNT, PEI-SA/CNT (IS/C) were isolated and characterized, the gene silencing induced by IS/C/siRNA complexes was achieved in vitro in B16-F10 cells. In vivo delivery was topically applied to shaved mouse skin, as well as topically to a C57BL/6 mice melanoma model. We found significant uptake of Cy3-labeled siRNA specific to Braf (siBraf) and gene silencing in the tumor tissue. Treatment with IS/C/siBraf resulted in attenuation of tumor growth over a 25-day period. This new delivery method has provided a new possibility for future siRNA delivery and therapy, which providing insight for the potential application and development of CNT-based siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- King Sun Siu
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Nathan Johnston
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada; Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ken Yuan
- Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - James Koropatnick
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; London Regional Cancer Program, London, Canada
| | - Elizabeth R Gillies
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Wei-Ping Min
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Canada; Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; London Regional Cancer Program, London, Canada.
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28
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Jain KK. Advances in use of functionalized carbon nanotubes for drug design and discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:1029-37. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.722078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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29
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Ilbasmis – Tamer S, Degim IT. A feasible way to use carbon nanotubes to deliver drug molecules: transdermal application. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:991-9. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.696607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Cohen-Avrahami M, Libster D, Aserin A, Garti N. Penetratin-induced transdermal delivery from HII mesophases of sodium diclofenac. J Control Release 2012; 159:419-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Lin DW, Bettinger CJ, Ferreira JP, Wang CL, Bao Z. A cell-compatible conductive film from a carbon nanotube network adsorbed on poly-L-lysine. ACS NANO 2011; 5:10026-10032. [PMID: 22053708 DOI: 10.1021/nn203870c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have shown promise for use in organic electronic applications including thin film transistors, conducting electrodes, and biosensors. Additionally, previous studies found applications for SWNTs in bioelectronic devices, including drug delivery carriers and scaffolds for tissue engineering. There is a current need to rapidly process SWNTs from solution phase to substrates in order to produce device structures that are also biocompatible. Studies have shown the use of surfaces covalently functionalized with primary amines to selectively adsorb semiconducting SWNTs. Here we report the potential of substrates modified with physisorbed polymers as a rapid biomaterials-based approach for the formation of SWNT networks. We hypothesized that rapid surface modification could be accomplished by adsorption of poly-L-lysine (PLL), which is also frequently used in biological applications. We detail a rapid and facile method for depositing SWNTs onto various substrate materials using the amine-rich PLL. Dispersions of SWNTs of different chiralities suspended in N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) were spin coated onto various PLL-treated substrates. SWNT adsorption and alignment were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) while electrical properties of the network were characterized by 2-terminal resistance measurements. Additionally, we investigated the relative chirality of the SWNT networks by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The SWNT surface density was strongly dependent upon the adsorbed concentration of PLL on the surface. SWNT adsorbed on PLL-treated substrates exhibited enhanced biocompatibility compared to SWNT networks fabricated using alternative methods such as drop casting. These results suggest that PLL films can promote formation of biocompatible SWNT networks for potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora W Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stauffer III, 381 North-South Mall, Stanford, California 94035-5025, United States
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Tan A, Yildirimer L, Rajadas J, De La Peña H, Pastorin G, Seifalian A. Quantum dots and carbon nanotubes in oncology: a review on emerging theranostic applications in nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:1101-14. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world, and according to the WHO it is projected to continue rising. Current diagnostic modalities for the detection of cancer include the use of x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, among others. The treatment of cancer often involves the use (or combination) of chemotherapeutic drugs, radiotherapy and interventional surgery (for solid and operable tumors). The application of nanotechnology in biology and medicine is advancing rapidly. Recent evidence suggests that quantum dots (QDs) can be used to image cancer cells as they display superior fluorescent properties compared with conventional chromophores and contrast agents. In addition, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as viable candidates for novel chemotherapeutic drug delivery-platforms. The unique photothermal properties of CNTs also allow them to be used in conjunction with near infrared radiation and lasers to thermally ablate cancer cells. Furthermore, mounting evidence indicates that it is possible to conjugate QDs to CNTs, making it possible to exploit their novel attributes in the realm of cancer theranostics (diagnostics and therapy). Here we review the current literature pertaining to the applications of QDs and CNTs in oncology, and also discuss the relevance and implications of nanomedicine in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lara Yildirimer
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Laboratory of Biomaterial & Advanced Drug Delivery, Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Hugo De La Peña
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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