1
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Bhutkar S, Millard PE, Preece JA, Zhang Z. Microplastic-Free Microcapsules Using Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Bis-Urea Molecules at an Emulsion Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14798-14810. [PMID: 38990556 PMCID: PMC11270993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Encapsulation technology is well established for entrapping active ingredients within an outer shell for their protection and controlled release. However, many solutions employed industrially use nondegradable cross-linked synthetic polymers for shell formation. To curb rising microplastic pollution, regulatory policies are forcing industries to substitute the use of such intentionally added microplastics with environmentally friendly alternatives. This work demonstrates a one-pot process to make microplastic-free microcapsules using supramolecular self-assembly of bis-ureas. Molecular bis-urea species generated in-situ spontaneously self-assemble at the interface of an oil-in-water emulsion via hydrogen bonding to form a shell held together by noncovalent bonds. In addition, Laponite nanodiscs were introduced in the formulation to restrict aggregation observed during the self-assembly and to reduce the porosity of the shell, leading to well-dispersed microcapsules (mean Sauter diameter d [3,2] ∼ 5 μm) with high encapsulation efficiency (∼99%). Accelerated release tests revealed an increase in characteristic release time of the active by more than an order of magnitude after encapsulation. The mechanical strength parameters of these capsules were comparable to some of the commercial, nondegradable melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules. With mild operating conditions in an aqueous environment, this technology has real potential to offer an industrially viable method for producing microplastic-free microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon A. Preece
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- School
of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
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2
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Aguiar A, Marcelino LP, Mariquito A, Simões CL, Simoes R, Pinho I, Marques AC. Microcapsules of Poly(butylene adipate- co-terephthalate) (PBAT) Loaded with Aliphatic Isocyanates for Adhesive Applications. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2024; 6:5618-5629. [PMID: 38807950 PMCID: PMC11129179 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.4c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces the encapsulation of hexamethylene diisocyanate derivatives (HDI, TriHDI, and PHDI) with the biodegradable polymer poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) through a solvent evaporation method. These microcapsules (MCs) were then employed in adhesive formulations for footwear. Moreover, MCs containing PHDI were produced in a closed vessel, demonstrating the potential for recovering and reusing organic solvents for the first time. The MCs were achieved with an isocyanate payload reaching up to 68 wt %, displaying a spherical shape, a core-shell structure, and thin walls without holes or cracks. The application of MCs as cross-linking agents for adhesives was evaluated following industry standards. The adhesives' strength surpassed the minimum requirement by a significant margin. Creep tests demonstrated that the formulation with MCs exhibits superior thermostability. Furthermore, the formulation with MCs-PHDI presented the best results reported to date for this type of system, as no displacement was observed in the bonded substrates. Environmental assessment indicates that adhesives with MCs have higher global warming potential (+16.2%) and energy consumption (+10.8%) than the standard commercial adhesives, but under alternative realistic scenarios, the differences can be insignificant. Therefore, adhesive formulations incorporating MCs promise to be on par with traditional adhesive systems regarding environmental impacts while providing benefits such as improved and safe handling of isocyanates and excellent bonding effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Aguiar
- CERENA,
DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucas P. Marcelino
- CERENA,
DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Mariquito
- CERENA,
DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla L. Simões
- Polytechnic
Institute of Cavado and Ave (IPCA), 4750-810 Barcelos, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Simoes
- Polytechnic
Institute of Cavado and Ave (IPCA), 4750-810 Barcelos, Portugal
- Institute
for Polymers and Composites (IPC), University
of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pinho
- CIPADE, Av. Primeiro
de Maio 121, 3700-227 São João
da Madeira, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Marques
- CERENA,
DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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3
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Panigrahi SK, Das S, Majumdar S. Unveiling the potentials of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers in microparticle systems: Opportunities and challenges in processing techniques. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 326:103121. [PMID: 38457900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Conventional drug delivery systems are associated with various shortcomings, including low bioavailability and limited control over release. Biodegradable polymeric microparticles have emerged as versatile carriers in drug delivery systems addressing all these challenges. This comprehensive review explores the dynamic landscape of microparticles, considering the role of hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials. Within the continuously evolving domain of microparticle preparation methods, this review offers valuable insights into the latest advancements and addresses the factors influencing microencapsulation, which is pivotal for harnessing the full potential of microparticles. Exploration of the latest research in this dynamic field unlocks the possibilities of optimizing microencapsulation techniques to produce microparticles of desired characteristics and properties for different applications, which can help contribute to the ongoing evolution in the field of pharmaceutical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrat Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Sougat Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Saptarshi Majumdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India.
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4
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Loureiro MV, Aguiar A, dos Santos RG, Bordado JC, Pinho I, Marques AC. Design of Experiment for Optimizing Microencapsulation by the Solvent Evaporation Technique. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:111. [PMID: 38201776 PMCID: PMC10780531 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We employed microemulsion combined with the solvent evaporation technique to produce biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) MCs, containing encapsulated isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), to act as crosslinkers in high-performance adhesive formulations. The MC production process was optimized by applying a design of experiment (DoE) statistical approach, aimed at decreasing the MCs' average size. For that, three different factors were considered, namely the concentration of two emulsifiers, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and gum arabic (GA); and the oil-to-water phase ratio of the emulsion. The significance of each factor was evaluated, and a predictive model was developed. We were able to decrease the average MC size from 326 μm to 70 µm, maintaining a high encapsulation yield of approximately 60% of the MCs' weight, and a very satisfactory shelf life. The MCs' average size optimization enabled us to obtain an improved distributive and dispersive mixture of isocyanate-loaded MCs at the adhesive bond. The MCs' suitability as crosslinkers for footwear adhesives was assessed following industry standards. Peel tests revealed peel strength values above the minimum required for casual footwear, while the creep test results indicated an effective crosslinking of the adhesive. These results confirm the ability of the MCs to release IPDI during the adhesion process and act as crosslinkers for new adhesive formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica V. Loureiro
- CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.A.); (R.G.d.S.); (J.C.B.)
| | - António Aguiar
- CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.A.); (R.G.d.S.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Rui G. dos Santos
- CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.A.); (R.G.d.S.); (J.C.B.)
| | - João C. Bordado
- CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.A.); (R.G.d.S.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Isabel Pinho
- CIPADE—Indústria e Investigação de Produtos Adesivos, SA. Av. Primeiro de Maio 121, 3700-227 São João da Madeira, Portugal;
| | - Ana C. Marques
- CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.A.); (R.G.d.S.); (J.C.B.)
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5
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Chesneau C, Larue L, Belbekhouche S. Design of Tailor-Made Biopolymer-Based Capsules for Biological Application by Combining Porous Particles and Polysaccharide Assembly. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1718. [PMID: 37376165 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Various approaches have been described in the literature to demonstrate the possibility of designing biopolymer particles with well-defined characteristics, such as size, chemical composition or mechanical properties. From a biological point of view, the properties of particle have been related to their biodistribution and bioavailability. Among the reported core-shell nanoparticles, biopolymer-based capsules can be used as a versatile platform for drug delivery purposes. Among the known biopolymers, the present review focuses on polysaccharide-based capsules. We only report on biopolyelectrolyte capsules fabricated by combining porous particles as a template and using the layer-by-layer technique. The review focuses on the major steps of the capsule design, i.e., the fabrication and subsequent use of the sacrificial porous template, multilayer coating with polysaccharides, the removal of the porous template to obtain the capsules, capsule characterisation and the application of capsules in the biomedical field. In the last part, selected examples are presented to evidence the major benefits of using polysaccharide-based capsules for biological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cléa Chesneau
- Université Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Laura Larue
- Université Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Sabrina Belbekhouche
- Université Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
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6
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Alyami HS, Ali DK, Jarrar Q, Jaradat A, Aburass H, Mohammed AA, Alyami MH, Aodah AH, Dahmash EZ. Taste Masking of Promethazine Hydrochloride Using l-Arginine Polyamide-Based Nanocapsules. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020748. [PMID: 36677806 PMCID: PMC9865149 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Promethazine hydrochloride (PMZ), a potent H1-histamine blocker widely used to prevent motion sickness, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting, has a bitter taste. In the present study, taste masked PMZ nanocapsules (NCs) were prepared using an interfacial polycondensation technique. A one-step approach was used to expedite the synthesis of NCs made from a biocompatible and biodegradable polyamide based on l-arginine. The produced NCs had an average particle size of 193.63 ± 39.1 nm and a zeta potential of −31.7 ± 1.25 mV, indicating their stability. The NCs were characterized using differential scanning calorimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction, as well as transmission electron microscopy that demonstrated the formation of the NCs and the incorporation of PMZ within the polymer. The in vitro release study of the PMZ-loaded NCs displayed a 0.91 ± 0.02% release of PMZ after 10 min using artificial saliva as the dissolution media, indicating excellent taste masked particles. The in vivo study using mice revealed that the amount of fluid consumed by the PMZ-NCs group was significantly higher than that consumed by the free PMZ group (p < 0.05). This study confirmed that NCs using polyamides based on l-arginine and interfacial polycondensation can serve as a good platform for the effective taste masking of bitter actives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Khalil Ali
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Qais Jarrar
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Abdolelah Jaradat
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Hadeel Aburass
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Abdul Aleem Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhassan H. Aodah
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science & Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Zmaily Dahmash
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-7542329215
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7
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Construction of consumer-friendly essential oil microcapsules with viscous cores to provide extra long-lasting release. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.118040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Dual-functional self-healing system based on HPO42- restorative microcapsules for sustainable corrosion resistance and mechanical recovery of reinforced cementitious matrix: Passivity-porosity modification. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Biobased diglycidyl ether diphenolates: Effect of the ester moiety on fragrance oil microencapsulation by interfacial polymerization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Chachanidze R, Xie K, Lyu J, Jaeger M, Leonetti M. Breakups of Chitosan Microcapsules in Extensional Flow. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 629:445-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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11
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Arzani FA, Dos Santos JHZ. Biocides and techniques for their encapsulation: a review. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5340-5358. [PMID: 35820409 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01114f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biocides are compounds that are broadly used to protect products and equipment against microbiological damage. Encapsulation can effectively increase physicochemical stability and allow for controlled release of encapsulated biocides. We categorized microencapsulation into coacervation, sol-gel, and self-assembly methods. The former comprises internal phase separation, interfacial polymerization, and multiple emulsions, and the latter include polymersomes and layer-by-layer techniques. The focus of this review is the description of these categories based on their microencapsulation methods and mechanisms. We discuss the key features and potential applications of each method according to the characteristics of the biocide to be encapsulated, relating the solubility of biocides to the capsule-forming materials, the reactivity between them and the desired release rate. The role of encapsulation in the safety and toxicity of biocide applications is also discussed. Furthermore, future perspectives for biocide applications and encapsulation techniques are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda A Arzani
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Eng. Luiz Englert s/n, Porto Alegre, 90040-040, Brazil.
| | - João H Z Dos Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, 91500-000, Brazil.
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12
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El Choufi N, Mustapha S, Tehrani B A, Grady BP. An Overview of Self-Healable Polymers and Recent Advances in the Field. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200164. [PMID: 35478422 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The search for materials with better performance, longer service life, lower environmental impact, and lower overall cost is at the forefront of polymer science and material engineering. This has led to the development of self-healing polymers with a range of healing mechanisms including capsular-based, vascular, and intrinsic self-healing polymers. The development of self-healable systems has been inspired by the healing of biological systems such as skin wound healing and broken bone reconstruction. The goal of using self-healing polymers in various applications is to extend the service life of polymers without the need for replacement or human intervention especially in restricted access areas such as underwater/underground piping where inspection, intervention, and maintenance are very difficult. Through an industrial and scholarly lens, this paper provides (a) an overview of self-healing polymers, (b) classification of different self-healing polymers and polymer-based composites, (c) mechanical, thermal, and electrical analysis characterization, (d) applications in coating, composites, and electronics, (e) modeling and simulation, and (f) recent development in the past 20 years . This review highlights the importance of healable polymers for an economically and environmentally sustainable future, the most recent advances in the field, and current limitations in fabrication, manufacturing, and performance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim El Choufi
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samir Mustapha
- Mechanical Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Tehrani B
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Brian P Grady
- School of Chemical, Biological and, Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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13
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Hosseini SR, Akbari A. Effects of chitosan and piperazine on surface morphology and mebeverine hydrochloride removal in polyurea thin film composite membranes. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-022-00230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Zhang H, Chen K, Yang J. Development of a versatile microencapsulation technique for aqueous phases using inverse emulsion. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Reis DR, Ambrosi A, Luccio MD. Encapsulated essential oils: a perspective in food preservation. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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16
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Zhang YF, Liu JZ, Li J, Wang CY, Ren Q. Synthesis and storage stability investigation on curing agent microcapsules of imidazole derivatives with aqueous polyurethane as the shell. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Lu Z, Acter S, Teo BM, Tabor RF. Synthesis and characterisation of polynorepinephrine-shelled microcapsules via an oil-in-water emulsion templating route. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9575-9582. [PMID: 34766964 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01786a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present a facile and robust method for the surfactant-free preparation of polynorepinephrine stabilised microcapsules templated from an oil-in-water emulsion. The resulting microcapsule structures are dependent on the concentration of Cu2+ used to catalyse norepinephrine polymerisation. When the concentration of Cu2+ increases, the diameter of the microcapsules and the thickness of the shell increase correspondingly. The mechanical and chemical stability provided by the polynorepinephrine shell are explored using surface pressure measurements and atomic force microscopy, demonstrating that a rigid and robust polynorepinephrine shell is formed. In order to demonstrate potential application of the microcapsules in sustained release, Nile red stained squalane was encapsulated, and pH responsive release was monitored. It was seen that by controlling pH, the release profile could be controlled, with highest release efficacy achieved in alkaline conditions, offering a new pathway for development of encapsulation systems for the delivery of water insoluble actives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Lu
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Shahinur Acter
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Boon M Teo
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
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18
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Lian X, Liao S, Xu XQ, Zhang S, Wang Y. Self-Stabilizing Encapsulation through Fast Interfacial Polymerization of Ethyl α-Cyanoacrylate: From Emulsions to Microcapsule Dispersions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Lian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shoupeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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19
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Fabrication PDA-polyurea microcapsules with anti-photolysis and sustained-release performances via Pickering emulsion template. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Microencapsulation for Functional Textile Coatings with Emphasis on Biodegradability—A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The review provides an overview of research findings on microencapsulation for functional textile coatings. Methods for the preparation of microcapsules in textiles include in situ and interfacial polymerization, simple and complex coacervation, molecular inclusion and solvent evaporation from emulsions. Binders play a crucial role in coating formulations. Acrylic and polyurethane binders are commonly used in textile finishing, while organic acids and catalysts can be used for chemical grafting as crosslinkers between microcapsules and cotton fibres. Most of the conventional coating processes can be used for microcapsule-containing coatings, provided that the properties of the microcapsules are appropriate. There are standardised test methods available to evaluate the characteristics and washfastness of coated textiles. Among the functional textiles, the field of environmentally friendly biodegradable textiles with microcapsules is still at an early stage of development. So far, some physicochemical and physical microencapsulation methods using natural polymers or biodegradable synthetic polymers have been applied to produce environmentally friendly antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or fragranced textiles. Standardised test methods for evaluating the biodegradability of textile materials are available. The stability of biodegradable microcapsules and the durability of coatings during the use and care of textiles still present several challenges that offer many opportunities for further research.
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21
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Mytara AD, Chronaki K, Nikitakos V, Papaspyrides CD, Beltsios K, Vouyiouka S. Synthesis of Polyamide-Based Microcapsules via Interfacial Polymerization: Effect of Key Process Parameters. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5895. [PMID: 34640292 PMCID: PMC8510004 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyamide microcapsules have gathered significant research interest during the past years due to their good barrier properties; however, the potential of their application is limited due to the fragility of the polymeric membrane. Fully aliphatic polyamide microcapsules (PA MCs) were herein prepared from ethylene diamine and sebacoyl chloride via interfacial polymerization, and the effect of key encapsulation parameters, i.e., monomers ratio, core solvent, stirring rate and time during the polymerization step, were examined concerning attainable process yield and microcapsule properties (shell molecular weight and thermal properties, MC size and morphology). The process yield was found to be mainly influenced by the nature of the organic solvent, which was correlated to the diffusion potential of the diamine from the aqueous phase to the organic core through the polyamide membrane. Thus, spherical microcapsules with a size between 14 and 90 μm and a yield of 33% were prepared by using toluene as core solvent. Milder stirring during the polymerization step led to an improved microcapsule morphology; yet, the substantial improvement of mechanical properties remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki D. Mytara
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (A.D.M.); (K.C.); (V.N.); (C.D.P.)
| | - Konstantina Chronaki
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (A.D.M.); (K.C.); (V.N.); (C.D.P.)
| | - Vasilis Nikitakos
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (A.D.M.); (K.C.); (V.N.); (C.D.P.)
| | - Constantine D. Papaspyrides
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (A.D.M.); (K.C.); (V.N.); (C.D.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Beltsios
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatina Vouyiouka
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (A.D.M.); (K.C.); (V.N.); (C.D.P.)
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22
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Edgehouse KJ, Rosenfeld N, Bergbreiter DE, Pentzer EB. Capsules of the Poly(α-olefin) PAO 432 for Removal of BTEX Contaminants from Water. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn J. Edgehouse
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Neil Rosenfeld
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - David E. Bergbreiter
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Emily B. Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 3012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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23
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Zhu S, Nguyen MT, Yonezawa T. Micro- and nano-encapsulated metal and alloy-based phase-change materials for thermal energy storage. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4626-4645. [PMID: 36134315 PMCID: PMC9417720 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01008a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
An overview of recent literature on the micro- and nano-encapsulation of metallic phase-change materials (PCMs) is presented in this review to facilitate an understanding of the basic knowledge, selection criteria, and classification of commonly used PCMs for thermal energy storage (TES). Metals and alloys with high thermal conductivity can be used as PCMs for rapid heat storage in compact systems owing to their high volumetric TES density. The emerging application of metal PCMs in different fields such as solar thermal energy management, smart wearable devices with thermal comfort control, and cooling of electronic devices call for the need of micro- and nano-TES particles, which can be synthesised in different forms to satisfy specific requirements. As metals are easily oxidised, especially at the micro- and nano-level, encapsulation of metal-based PCM particles is important for sustainable use at high operating temperature in ambient conditions. Recent studies focusing on the encapsulation of metallic PCMs at the micro- and nano-level have been reviewed and classified in terms of the melting point of metal/alloy PCMs used and types of encapsulation materials, such as oxides, polymers, carbon, and metals. The current review is expected to provide an outlook on novel metal and alloy PCMs with function-directed structures and superior TES properties for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Zhu
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Mai Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Tetsu Yonezawa
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
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24
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Zarour A, Omar S, Abu-Reziq R. Preparation of Poly(ethylene glycol)@Polyurea Microcapsules Using Oil/Oil Emulsions and Their Application as Microreactors. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152566. [PMID: 34372169 PMCID: PMC8348332 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development process of catalytic core/shell microreactors, possessing a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) core and a polyurea (PU) shell, by implementing an emulsion-templated non-aqueous encapsulation method, is presented. The microreactors' fabrication process begins with an emulsification process utilizing an oil-in-oil (o/o) emulsion of PEG-in-heptane, stabilized by a polymeric surfactant. Next, a reaction between a poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and a toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) takes place at the boundary of the emulsion droplets, resulting in the creation of a PU shell through an interfacial polymerization (IFP) process. The microreactors were loaded with palladium nanoparticles (NPs) and were utilized for the hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes. Importantly, it was found that PEG has a positive effect on the catalytic performance of the developed microreactors. Interestingly, besides being an efficient green reaction medium, PEG plays two crucial roles: first, it reduces the palladium ions to palladium NPs; thus, it avoids the unnecessary use of additional reducing agents. Second, it stabilizes the palladium NPs and prevents their aggregation, allowing the formation of highly reactive palladium NPs. Strikingly, in one sense, the suggested system affords highly reactive semi-homogeneous catalysis, whereas in another sense, it enables the facile, rapid, and inexpensive recovery of the catalytic microreactor by simple centrifugation. The durable microreactors exhibit excellent activity and were recycled nine times without any loss in their reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raed Abu-Reziq
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6586097; Fax: +972-2-6585469
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25
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Purkait A, Mukherjee A, Hazra DK, Roy K, Biswas PK, Kole RK. Encapsulation, release and insecticidal activity of Pongamia pinnata (L.) seed oil. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06557. [PMID: 33855235 PMCID: PMC8027697 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pongamia pinnata (L.) seed oil is effective for its insecticidal and larvicidal activities. However, its low aqueous solubility, high photosensitivity, and high volatility restrict its application for the control of agricultural pests. Encapsulation can be an effective technique to overcome such hindrances. Therefore, P. pinnata oil (PO) was extracted from its seeds and analyzed for karanjin content (3.18%) by GC-MS/MS as the marker compound. Micro-encapsulation (MC) of PO was prepared by interfacial polymerization between isocyanates and polyamine and tested for insecticidal and larvicidal activities. Bioassay of the developed formulations was tested in-vitro against 2nd instar larvae of Bombyx mori (Bivoltine hybrid) and in-vivo insecticidal bio-efficacy was tested against aubergine aphid (Aphis gossypii G.) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci G.). Various properties of micro-capsules viz., stability, size, oil content and release kinetics were examined. Average diameter of capsules (1 μm) with Zeta potential (-16 mV) was indicated by the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) instrument. Existence of PO in the microcapsules was confirmed by an optical microscopic study. Spectroscopic analysis revealed 87.4% of PO was encapsulated in polyurea shell. The shelf-life (T10), half-life (T50), and expiry-life (T90) of polyurea coated capsules were 11.4, 75.3 and 250.0 h, respectively. Polyurea coated PO capsule formulation showed evidence of in-vitro toxicity against 2nd instar larvae of B. mori (LC50= 1.1%; LC90 = 5.9%). The PO formulation also exhibited 67.0–71.8% and 62.4–74.8% control of aphid and whitefly population in aubergine at 4.0% dose following 7–14 days after application. The study unveiled its significance in developing controlled release herbal formulations of P. pinnata as an alternative to harmful conventional synthetic insecticides for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloke Purkait
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva - Bharati, Sriniketan, 731 236, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva - Bharati, Sriniketan, 731 236, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Hazra
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741 252, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kusal Roy
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741 252, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Pabitra Kumar Biswas
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva - Bharati, Sriniketan, 731 236, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramen Kumar Kole
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741 252, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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26
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Steinacher M, Cont A, Du H, Persat A, Amstad E. Monodisperse Selectively Permeable Hydrogel Capsules Made from Single Emulsion Drops. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15601-15609. [PMID: 33764041 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Capsules are often used to protect chemical and biological entities from the environment, to control the timing and location of their release, or to facilitate the collection of waste. Their performance depends on the thickness and composition of their shells, which can be closely controlled if capsules are made from double emulsion drops that are produced with microfluidics. However, the fabrication of such double emulsions is delicate, limiting throughput and increasing costs. Here, a fast, scalable method to produce monodisperse microcapsules possessing mechanically robust, thin, semipermeable hydrogel shells from single emulsion drops is introduced. This is achieved by selectively polymerizing reagents in close proximity to the drop surface to form a biocompatible 1.6 μm-thick hydrogel shell that encompasses a liquid core. The size-selective permeability of the shell enables the growth of living yeast and bacteria in their cores. Moreover, if capsules are loaded with adsorbents, they can repetitively remove waste products from water. The simplicity and robustness of the capsule fabrication makes the process scalable and cost effective. It has thus the potential to extend the use of calibrated capsules possessing well-defined dimensions to cost sensitive fields, including food, waste water treatment, or oil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Steinacher
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alice Cont
- Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Huachuan Du
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Persat
- Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Esther Amstad
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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27
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Icart LP, Souza FG, Lima LMTR. Polymeric microparticle systems for modified release of glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists. J Microencapsul 2021; 38:249-261. [PMID: 33586588 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2021.1889059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a fast-growing worldwide epidemic. Despite the multiple therapies available to treat type 2 diabetes, the disease is not correctly managed in over half of patients, mainly due to non-compliance with prescribed treatment regimes. The development of analogues to the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has resulted in the extension of its half-life and associated benefits. Further benefits in the use of peptide-based GLP-1 receptor agonists have been achieved by the use of controlled-release systems based on polymeric microparticles. In this review, we focus on commercially available formulations and others that remain in development, discussing the preparation methods and the relationship between in vitro and in vivo kinetic release behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Peña Icart
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory (pbiotech), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Biopolymers and Sensors (LaBioS), Institute of Macromolecules, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes Souza
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Sensors (LaBioS), Institute of Macromolecules, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luís Maurício T R Lima
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory (pbiotech), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Biopolymers and Sensors (LaBioS), Institute of Macromolecules, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory for Macromolecules (LAMAC-DIMAV), Brazilian National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
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28
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A Multi-Scale Approach to Microencapsulation by Interfacial Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040644. [PMID: 33671501 PMCID: PMC7926481 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work applies a multi-scale approach to the microencapsulation by interfacial polymerization. Such microencapsulation is used to produce fertilizers, pesticides and drugs. In this study, variations at three different scales (molecular, microscopic and macroscopic) of product design (i.e., product variables, process variables and properties) are considered simultaneously. We quantify the effect of the formulation, composition and pH change on the microcapsules’ properties. Additionally, the method of measuring the strength of the microcapsules by crushing a sample of microcapsules’ suspension was tested. Results show that the xylene release rate in the microcapsules decreases when the amine functionality is greater due to a stronger crosslinking. Such degree of crosslinking increases the compression force over the microcapsules and improves their appearance. When high levels of amine concentration are used, the initial pH values in the reaction are also high which leads to agglomeration. This study provides a possible explanation to the aggregation based on the kinetic and thermodynamic controls in reactions and shows that the pH measurements account for the polyurea reaction and carbamate formation, which is a reason why this is not a suitable method to study kinetics of polymerization. Finally, the method used to measure the compressive strength of the microcapsules detected differences in formulations and composition with low sensibility.
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29
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Ahmad SU, Li B, Sun J, Arbab S, Dong Z, Cheng F, Zhou X, Mahfuz S, Zhang J. Recent advances in microencapsulation of drugs for veterinary applications. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 44:298-312. [PMID: 33438767 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is a process where very minute droplets or particles of solid or liquid or gas are trapped with a polymer to isolate the internal core material from external environmental hazards. Microencapsulation is applied mostly for flavor masking, fortification, and sustained and control release. It improves palatability, absorption, and bioavailability of drugs with good conformity. Microencapsulation has been widely studied in numerous drug delivery systems for human health. The application of microcapsules in the veterinary pharmaceutical sciences is increasing day by day. The treatment systems for humans and animals are likely to be similar, but more complex in the veterinary field due to the diversity of the species, breeds, body size, biotransformation rate, and other factors associated with animal physiology. Commercially viable, economically profitable, and therapeutically effective microencapsulated vaccine, anthelmintic, antibacterial, and other therapeutics have a great demand for livestock and poultry production. Nowadays, researchers emphasize the controlled and sustained-release dosage form of drugs in the veterinary field. This paper has highlighted the microencapsulation materials, preparation techniques, characteristics, roles, and the application of microcapsules in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Uddin Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Safia Arbab
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fusheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuzheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shad Mahfuz
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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30
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Bamidele OP, Emmambux MN. Encapsulation of bioactive compounds by “extrusion” technologies: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3100-3118. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1793724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun P. Bamidele
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
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31
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Bielski R, Witczak ZJ, Newport JFL. Carbohydrate-Based Micro/Nanocapsules With Controlled External Surface for Medical Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:545. [PMID: 32676496 PMCID: PMC7333594 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro/nanocapsules would have many more applications if we were able to controllably populate their surface with various chemical moieties. The present review introduces a novel variant of interfacial polymerization (IP) as a very robust method of manufacturing reservoir micro/nanocapsules equipped with several different functionalities on the capsules' surface. We call the method—IPCESCO (Interfacial Polymerization for Capsules' External Surface Control). As always in IP, the capsules' forming reaction is between monomers dissolved in opposite phases (oil or water) and takes place at the interface. Each monomer carries two or more functionalities reacting with functional groups of the monomer dissolved in the other phase. IPCESCO requires that one or both monomers are additionally equipped with (protected) functional groups interfering neither with the payload nor with the polymer formation. These additional groups end up everywhere in the polymeric shell but most importantly they are present on the external surface of capsules. These “handles” allow for the introduction of various moieties onto the capsules' surface. Since carbohydrate chemists developed a plurality of protecting and deprotecting methods for various functional groups such as aldehyde and hydroxyl, modified mono, and oligosaccharides are particularly well-suited to act as monomers in IPCESCO. The article discusses possible monomers and their synthesis, the transformation of protected reactive groups on the external capsules' surface into the desired functionalities, the control of the number of moieties on the surface and the capsules surface's architecture. The most important application of the novel encapsulation technology is in drug delivery. Possible surface units facilitating capsules' transport in the body, delivery to specific locations and mechanisms of capsules rupture are also addressed. Other applications of novel capsules include an ultra-sensitive quantitation and removal of pathogens, transport of nutrients in plants, detection of various antigens and other parameters in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Bielski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, PA, United States
| | - Zbigniew J Witczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, PA, United States
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32
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Fabrication and Characterization of a Low-Cost Microfluidic System for the Manufacture of Alginate-Lacasse Microcapsules. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051158. [PMID: 32438541 PMCID: PMC7284885 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of microfluidics-based systems in the recent years has provided a rapid and controlled method for the generation of monodisperse microencapsulates for multiple applications. Here, we explore the design, manufacture and characterization of a low-cost microsystem for the encapsulation of the fungal laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43 in alginate microcapsules. Multiphysics simulations were used to overview the fluid behavior within the device and estimate the resulting capsule size. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets were used for final microsystem manufacture. Different flow rates of the continuous (Qc) and discrete (Qd) phases in the ranges of 83–293 mL/h and 1–5 mL/h, respectively, were evaluated for microcapsule fabrication. Universal Serial Bus (USB) microscope and image analysis was used to measure the final particle size. Laccase encapsulation was evaluated using spectrophotometry and with the aid of fluorescent dyes and confocal microscopy. Results showed microcapsule size was in the range of 203.13–716.00 μm and Qc was found as the dominant parameter to control capsule size. There was an effective enzyme encapsulation of 65.94% with respect to the initial laccase solution.
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33
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Thorne MF, Simkovic F, Slater AG. Production of monodisperse polyurea microcapsules using microfluidics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17983. [PMID: 31784621 PMCID: PMC6884639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to make microcapsules - used in a broad range of healthcare and energy applications - currently suffer from poor size control, limiting the establishment of size/property relationships. Here, we use microfluidics to produce monodisperse polyurea microcapsules (PUMC) with a limonene core. Using varied flow rates and a commercial glass chip, we produce capsules with mean diameters of 27, 30, 32, 34, and 35 µm, achieving narrow capsule size distributions of ±2 µm for each size. We describe an automated method of sizing droplets as they are produced using video recording and custom Python code. The sustainable generation of such size-controlled PUMCs, potential replacements for commercial encapsulated systems, will allow new insights into the effect of particle size on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Thorne
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Felix Simkovic
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anna G Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
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34
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Reid MS, Erlandsson J, Wågberg L. Interfacial Polymerization of Cellulose Nanocrystal Polyamide Janus Nanocomposites with Controlled Architectures. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1334-1340. [PMID: 35651153 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of renewable nanomaterials has been limited due to poor integration with conventional polymer matrices. Often, chemical and physical surface modifications are implemented to improve compatibility, however, this comes with environmental and economic cost. This work demonstrates that renewable nanomaterials, specifically cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), can be utilized in their unmodified state and presents a simple and versatile, one-step method to produce polyamide/CNC nanocomposites with unique Janus-like properties. Nanocomposites in the form of films, fibers, and capsules are prepared by dispersing as-prepared CNCs in the aqueous phase prior to the interfacial polymerization of aromatic diamines and acyl chlorides. The diamines in the aqueous phase not only serve as a monomer for polymerization, but additionally, adsorb to and promote the incorporation of CNCs into the nanocomposite. Regardless of the architecture, CNCs are only present along the surface facing the aqueous phase, resulting in materials with unique, Janus-like wetting behavior and potential applications in filtration, separations, drug delivery, and advanced fibers.
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Hu P, Hadji EM, Shi T, Tai M, Wang J. Controllable Enhancement of Capsule‐Membrane Wrinkles by Flow Shear and Preparation of Double‐Layer Polyamide Microcapsules. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Edward Mohamed Hadji
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Tingjing Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Mo Tai
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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Abulateefeh SR, Al-Adhami GK, Alkawareek MY, Alkilany AM. Controlling the internal morphology of aqueous core-PLGA shell microcapsules: promoting the internal phase separation via alcohol addition. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:671-679. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2018.1558238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Navarro-Tableros V, Gomez Y, Brizzi MF, Camussi G. Generation of Human Stem Cell-Derived Pancreatic Organoids (POs) for Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1212:179-220. [PMID: 31025308 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an auto-immune condition characterized by the loss of pancreatic β-cells. The curative approach for highly selected patients is the pancreas or the pancreatic islet transplantation. Nevertheless, these options are limited by a growing shortage of donor organs and by the requirement of immunosuppression.Xenotransplantation of porcine islets has been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, the strong xenoimmunity and the risk of transmission of porcine endogenous retroviruses, have limited their application in clinic. Generation of β-like cells from stem cells is one of the most promising strategies in regenerative medicine. Embryonic, and more recently, adult stem cells are currently the most promising cell sources exploited to generate functional β-cells in vitro. A number of studies demonstrated that stem cells could generate functional pancreatic organoids (POs), able to restore normoglycemia when implanted in different preclinical diabetic models. Nevertheless, a gradual loss of function and cell dead are commonly detected when POs are transplanted in immunocompetent animals. So far, the main issue to be solved is the post-transplanted islet loss, due to the host immune attack. To avoid this hurdle, nanotechnology has provided a number of polymers currently under investigation for islet micro and macro-encapsulation. These new approaches, besides conferring PO immune protection, are able to supply oxygen and nutrients and to preserve PO morphology and long-term viability.Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on bioengineered POs and the stem cell differentiation platforms. We also discuss the in vitro strategies used to generate functional POs, and the protocols currently used to confer immune-protection against the host immune attack (micro- and macro-encapsulation). In addition, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials, and the most relevant hurdles met to move towards clinical application are revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Navarro-Tableros
- 2i3T Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Yonathan Gomez
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Fondazione per la Ricerca Biomedica-ONLUS, Turin, Italy.
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Ozkan G, Franco P, De Marco I, Xiao J, Capanoglu E. A review of microencapsulation methods for food antioxidants: Principles, advantages, drawbacks and applications. Food Chem 2019; 272:494-506. [PMID: 30309574 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulay Ozkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Paola Franco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Iolanda De Marco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Makeri MU, Mohamed SA, Karim R, Ramakrishnan Y, Muhammad K. Fractionation, physicochemical, and structural characterization of winged bean seed protein fractions with reference to soybean. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1369101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Usman Makeri
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Food Technology Department, NAERLS, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Sabo Abdulkarim Mohamed
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roselina Karim
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yogeshini Ramakrishnan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kharidah Muhammad
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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The morphology of fully-aromatic polyamide separation layer and its relationship with separation performance of TFC membranes. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Trojanowska A, Nogalska A, Valls RG, Giamberini M, Tylkowski B. Technological solutions for encapsulation. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEncapsulation offers broad scope of applications. It can be used to deliver almost everything from advanced drugs to unique consumer sensory experiences; it could be also employed as a protection system or a sensing material. This cutting-edge technology undergoes rapid growth in both academic and industrial conditions. Research in this matter is continuing to find a new application of microcapsules as well as to improve the methods of their fabrication. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the art of the encapsulation technology to provide the readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of up-to-day development of microcapsule preparation methods. Our goal is to help identify the major encapsulation processes and by doing so maximize the potential value of ongoing research efforts.
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Ming Y, Hu J, Xing J, Wu M, Qu J. Preparation of polyurea/melamine formaldehyde double-layered self-healing microcapsules and investigation on core fraction. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:307-14. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2016.1178352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Berezkin AV, Kudryavtsev YV. Effect of Cross-Linking on the Structure and Growth of Polymer Films Prepared by Interfacial Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12279-12290. [PMID: 26471239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization of tri- and bifunctional monomers (A3B2 polymerization) is investigated by dissipative particle dynamics to reveal an effect of cross-linking on the reaction kinetics and structure of the growing polymer film. Regardless of the comonomer reactivity and miscibility, the kinetics in an initially bilayer melt passes from the reaction to diffusion control. Within the crossover period, branched macromolecules undergo gelation, which drastically changes the scenario of the polymerization process. Comparison with the previously studied linear interfacial polymerization (Berezkin, A. V.; Kudryavtsev, Y. V. Linear Interfacial Polymerization: Theory and Simulations with Dissipative Particle Dynamics J. Chem. Phys. 2014, 141, 194906) shows similar conversion rates but very different product characteristics. Cross-linked polymer films are markedly heterogeneous in density, their average polymerization degree grows with the comonomer miscibility, and end groups are mostly trapped deeply in the film core. Products of linear interfacial polymerization demonstrate opposite trends as they are spontaneously homogenized by a convective flow of macromolecules expelled from the reactive zone to the film periphery, which we call the reactive extrusion effect and which is hampered in branched polymerization. Influence of the comonomer architecture on the polymer film characteristics could be used in various practical applications of interfacial polymerization, such as fabrication of membranes, micro- and nanocapsules and 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Berezkin
- Max-Planck Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yaroslav V Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prosp. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Felice B, Prabhakaran MP, Zamani M, Rodríguez AP, Ramakrishna S. Electrosprayed poly(vinyl alcohol) particles: preparation and evaluation of their drug release profile. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Betiana Felice
- Laboratorio de Medios e Interfases (LAMEIN), Departamento de Bioingeniería; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); CONICET 4000 Tucumán Argentina
- START - Thrust 3, Create Research Wing 03-08, 1 Create Way; National University of Singapore; Singapore 138602
| | - Molamma P Prabhakaran
- START - Thrust 3, Create Research Wing 03-08, 1 Create Way; National University of Singapore; Singapore 138602
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Maedeh Zamani
- START - Thrust 3, Create Research Wing 03-08, 1 Create Way; National University of Singapore; Singapore 138602
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Andrea P Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Medios e Interfases (LAMEIN), Departamento de Bioingeniería; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); CONICET 4000 Tucumán Argentina
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- START - Thrust 3, Create Research Wing 03-08, 1 Create Way; National University of Singapore; Singapore 138602
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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