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Uzar I, Bogacz A, Łuszczyńska M, Wolek M, Kotrych K, Modrzejewski A, Czerny B, Ziętek P, Kamiński A. The Analysis of ECE1 and PPARG Variants in the Development of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1440. [PMID: 39062013 PMCID: PMC11274254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial systemic skeletal disease that is characterized by a low bone mineral density (BMD) and the microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility. The search for new genes that may play an important role in the regulation of bone mass and the development of osteoporosis is ongoing. Recently, it was found that altering the activity of the endothelin-1-converting enzyme encoded by the ECE1 gene may affect bone mineral density (BMD). Another gene involved in the process of osteoblast differentiation and maturation is believed to be PPARG (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma). This participates in regulating the transformation of stem cells and affects the process of bone formation and resorption. Therefore, we analyzed the association of the ECE1 and PPARG variants with osteopenia and osteoporosis risk in the Polish population. This study included a group (n = 608) of unrelated Polish women (245 individuals with osteoporosis (aged: 57 ± 9), 109 individuals with osteopenia (aged: 53 ± 8) and 254 healthy controls (aged: 54 ± 8)). The real-time PCR technique was used to determine the genetic variants for rs213045 (-338G>T) and rs213046 (-839A>C) of the ECE1 gene and rs1801282 (Pro12Ala, C>G) of the PPARG gene. Analysis of the PPARG rs1801282 variants did not show any association with the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia. However, in the densitometric results, lower median Z-score values were observed for the T allele compared to the G allele for the rs213045 variant of the ECE1 gene (-1.11 ± 1.07 vs. -0.78 ± 1.21, p = 0.021). Moreover, the TT genotype for the rs213045 variant was more common in women with osteopenia (13.8%, OR = 2.82, p < 0.05) and osteoporosis (7.8%, OR = 1.38, p > 0.05) compared to the control group (5.5%). Additionally, our results suggested that the T allele of rs213045 was more common in women with osteopenia compared to the controls. We further observed that the haplotype containing two major GA alleles of ECE1 (rs213045, rs213046) could reduce the risk of osteopenia in our population. Finally, we found that women with osteoporosis had statistically significantly lower body mass and BMI values compared to the control group. Our results suggest that the ECE1 rs213045 variant may increase the risk of osteopenia. However, the data obtained require confirmation in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Uzar
- Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland; (I.U.); (B.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-048 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Anna Bogacz
- Department of Personalized Medicine and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center, Marcelinska 44, 60-354 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Łuszczyńska
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.W.)
| | - Marlena Wolek
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Kotrych
- Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Modrzejewski
- Clinical Department of General Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Piotra Skargi 9−11, 70-965 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusław Czerny
- Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland; (I.U.); (B.C.)
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.W.)
| | - Paweł Ziętek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Orthopaedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Adam Kamiński
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
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Groven RVM, van Koll J, Poeze M, Blokhuis TJ, van Griensven M. miRNAs Related to Different Processes of Fracture Healing: An Integrative Overview. Front Surg 2021; 8:786564. [PMID: 34869574 PMCID: PMC8639603 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.786564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex, dynamic process that is directed by cellular communication and requires multiple cell types, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells. Physiological fracture healing can be divided into several phases that consist of different processes, such as angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and bone resorption/remodelling. This is needed to guarantee proper bone regeneration after fracture. Communication and molecular regulation between different cell types and within cells is therefore key in successfully orchestrating these processes to ensure adequate bone healing. Among others, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cellular communication. microRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules of ~22 nucleotides long that can greatly influence gene expression by post-transcriptional regulation. Over the course of the past decade, more insights have been gained in the field of miRNAs and their role in cellular signalling in both inter- and intracellular pathways. The interplay between miRNAs and their mRNA targets, and the effect thereof on different processes and aspects within fracture healing, have shown to be interesting research topics with possible future diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Considering bone regeneration, research moreover focusses on specific microRNAs and their involvement in individual pathways. However, it is required to combine these data to gain more understanding on the effects of miRNAs in the dynamic process of fracture healing, and to enhance their translational application in research, as well as in the clinic. Therefore, this review aims to provide an integrative overview on miRNAs in fracture healing, related to several key aspects in the fracture healing cascade. A special focus will be put on hypoxia, angiogenesis, bone resorption, osteoclastogenesis, mineralization, osteogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, osteocytogenesis, and chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rald V M Groven
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johan van Koll
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Poeze
- Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Taco J Blokhuis
- Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Feger M, Ewendt F, Menzel M, Hocher B, Föller M. Endothelin receptor B controls the production of fibroblast growth factor 23. FASEB J 2020; 34:6262-6270. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903109r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
| | - Franz Ewendt
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Matthias Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS) Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology) University Medical Center MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg Mannheim Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
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Hansen KE, Johnson MG, Carter TC, Mayer J, Keuler NS, Blank RD. The -839(A/C) Polymorphism in the ECE1 Isoform b Promoter Associates With Osteoporosis and Fractures. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:2041-2050. [PMID: 31637345 PMCID: PMC6795020 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context We previously found that variation in a quantitative trait locus, including the gene-encoding endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (Ece1), accounted for 40% of the variance in bone biomechanics and bone mineral density (BMD) in an intercross of recombinant congenic mouse strains. Objective We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the human ECE1 isoform b promoters, at ECE1 b -338(G/T) and ECE1 b -839(A/C), would associate with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Design We genotyped DNA for the ECE1 -338(G/T) and -839(A/C) SNPs. Setting A community medical center. Participants Postmenopausal women (3564) with ≥1 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan ≥60 years of age. Main Outcome Measures BMD, osteoporosis, and clinical fractures. Results In multivariate models controlling for age, weight, healthcare duration, and tobacco, the CC genotype reduced the odds of lifetime fracture (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12, 0.87) and fracture ≥50 years of age (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11, 0.87), whereas the AC genotype increased odds of osteoporosis (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02 1.78) relative to the AA genotype. However, when controlling the false-discovery rate, findings were no longer significant. We found no consistent relationship between the ECE1 b -338(G/T) and study outcomes. Conclusions The CC genotype was associated with fewer fractures, whereas the AC genotype was associated with osteoporosis. Our small sample size and few minorities are study limitations. Findings should be tested in another cohort to confirm a link between the ECE1 -839(A/C) SNPs and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Hansen
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Tonia C Carter
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - John Mayer
- Office of Research Computing and Analytics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - Nicholas S Keuler
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert D Blank
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Medicine Service, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Zarnecki KG, Kristianto J, Charlson J, Wilson B, Blank RD, Shaker JL. Diffuse osteosclerosis as a presentation of recurrent breast cancer: role of endothelin 1. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1699-1703. [PMID: 31079185 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-04998-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report a 46-yr-old woman with a history of breast cancer who presented with diffuse myalgias, bone pain, and osteosclerosis. She was found to have recurrent breast cancer producing endothelin-1. INTRODUCTION Acquired osteosclerosis can be caused by various disorders. Endothelin -1 is believed to contribute to osteosclerosis caused by breast cancer. METHODS Although the bone marrow biopsy did not reveal breast cancer, she developed skin lesions consistent with metastatic breast cancer. She ultimately died from progressive disease. At autopsy immunohistochemistry for endothelin-1 was performed on a section from the L5 vertebral body. RESULTS The section from the L5 vertebral body showed small foci of cells consistent with metastatic carcinoma and a prominent sclerotic response. Immunohistochemistry for endothelin-1 was strongly positive. CONCLUSIONS Recurrent breast cancer may present with diffuse osteosclerosis. Endothelin-1 may be a paracrine factor responsible for increased bone formation and osteosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Zarnecki
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J Kristianto
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
- GRECC Service and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Unity Biotechnology, Brisbane, CA, USA
| | - J Charlson
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Oncology), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - B Wilson
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - R D Blank
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- GRECC Service and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki VAMC, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J L Shaker
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Thiessen KD, Grzegorski SJ, Chin Y, Higuchi LN, Wilkinson CJ, Shavit JA, Kramer KL. Zebrafish otolith biomineralization requires polyketide synthase. Mech Dev 2019; 157:1-9. [PMID: 30974150 PMCID: PMC6531356 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deflecting biomineralized crystals attached to vestibular hair cells are necessary for maintaining balance. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are useful organisms to study these biomineralized crystals called otoliths, as many required genes are homologous to human otoconial development. We sought to identify and characterize the causative gene in a trio of homozygous recessive mutants, no content (nco) and corkscrew (csr), and vanished (vns), which fail to develop otoliths during early ear development. We show that nco, csr, and vns have potentially deleterious mutations in polyketide synthase (pks1), a multi-modular protein that has been previously implicated in biomineralization events in chordates and echinoderms. We found that Otoconin-90 (Oc90) expression within the otocyst is diffuse in nco and csr; therefore, it is not sufficient for otolith biomineralization in zebrafish. Similarly, normal localization of Otogelin, a protein required for otolith tethering in the otolithic membrane, is not sufficient for Oc90 attachment. Furthermore, eNOS signaling and Endothelin-1 signaling were the most up- and down-regulated pathways during otolith agenesis in nco, respectively. Our results demonstrate distinct processes for otolith nucleation and biomineralization in vertebrates and will be a starting point for models that are independent of Oc90-mediated seeding. This study will serve as a basis for investigating the role of eNOS signaling and Endothelin-1 signaling during otolith formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Thiessen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Steven J Grzegorski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yvonne Chin
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa N Higuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Christopher J Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan A Shavit
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kenneth L Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States.
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Johnson MG, Konicke K, Kristianto J, Gustavson A, Garbo R, Wang X, Yuan B, Blank RD. Endothelin signaling regulates mineralization and posttranscriptionally regulates SOST in TMOb cells via miR 126-3p. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/4/e13088. [PMID: 28235973 PMCID: PMC5328763 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, our laboratory identified ECE‐1, encoding endothelin‐converting enzyme‐1 (ECE‐1), as a positional candidate for a pleiotropic quantitative trait locus affecting femoral size, shape, and biomechanical performance. We hypothesized that endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) signaling promotes osteogenesis. Exposure of immortalized mouse osteoblast (TMOb) cells to big ET‐1 increased mineralization. Following big ET‐1 treatment, we measured the secretion of insulin‐like‐growth factor‐1 (IGF1), dickkopf‐homolog‐1 protein 1 (DKK1), and sclerostin (SOST). In each case, big ET‐1 signaling changed secretion in a manner that favored increased osteogenic activity. Treatment with ECE‐1, endothelin receptor A (EDNRA), or WNT receptor antagonists inhibited the big ET‐1‐mediated increase in mineralization. In the presence of big ET‐1, message levels of Runx2, Igf1, Dkk1, and Sost are uncoupled from protein production, suggesting posttranscriptional regulation. To evaluate the role of big ET‐1 in normal bone physiology, we inhibited EDNRA signaling during mineralization in the absence of exogenous ET‐1. EDNRA blockade reduced mineralization, decreased IGF1, and increased DKK1 and SOST secretion, responses opposite to those induced by exogenous big ET‐1. Pharmacological and siRNA knockdown to inhibit ECE‐1 reduced mineralization and IGF1 secretion with decreasing DKK1 and decreasing or stable SOST secretion, suggesting a further, unknown role of ECE‐1 in osteoblast maturation. Previously we identified miR 126‐3p as a potential ET‐1‐responsive regulator of SOST in murine cells. Overexpression of miR126‐3p increased mineralization in TMOb cells and decreased SOST secretion. Osteoblasts express the ET‐1 signaling pathway and ET‐1 signaling is necessary for normal osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, acting through regulation of miRs that target osteogenic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Johnson
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin .,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kathryn Konicke
- Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jasmin Kristianto
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Anne Gustavson
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rachel Garbo
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Baozhi Yuan
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert D Blank
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.,Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Zhai Y, Tyagi SC, Tyagi N. Cross-talk of MicroRNA and hydrogen sulfide: A novel therapeutic approach for bone diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:1073-1084. [PMID: 28618652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis requires a balance between the bone formation of osteoblasts and bone resorption of osteoclasts to maintain ideal bone mass and bone quality. An imbalance in bone remodeling processes results in bone metabolic disorders such as osteoporosis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter, has attracted the focus of many researchers due to its multiple physiological functions. It has been implicated in anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, angiogenic, cytoprotective, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. H2S has also been shown to exert osteoprotective activity through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which H2S mitigates bone diseases are not completely understood. Experimental evidence suggests that H2S may regulate signaling pathways by directly influencing a gene in the cascade or interacting with some other gasotransmitter (carbon monoxide or nitric oxide) or both. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs which regulate gene expression by targeting, binding and suppressing mRNAs; thus controlling cell fate. Certainly, bone remodeling is also regulated by miRNAs expression and has been reported in many studies. MicroRNAs also regulate H2S biosynthesis. The inter-regulation of microRNAs and H2S opens a new possibility for exploring the H2S-microRNA crosstalk in bone diseases. However, the relationship between miRNAs, bone development, and H2S is still not well explained. This review focuses on miRNAs and their roles in regulating bone remodeling and possible mechanisms behind H2S mediated bone loss inhibition, H2S-miRNAs crosstalk in relation to the pathophysiology of bone remodeling, and future perspectives for miRNA-H2S as a therapeutic agent for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Zhai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Abstract
The endothelin (ET) system includes 3 small peptide hormones and a pair of G-protein-coupled receptors. This review first outlines the ET signaling pathway and ET metabolism. Next, it summarizes the role of ET1 signaling in craniofacial development. Then, it discusses observations relating ET signaling to osteoblastic and other osteosclerotic processes in cancer. Finally, it describes recent work in our laboratory that points to endothelin signaling as an upstream mediator of WNT signaling, promoting bone matrix synthesis and mineralization. It concludes with a statement of some remaining gaps in knowledge and proposals for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kristianto
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Michael G Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Rafia Afzal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Robert D Blank
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki VAMC, 5000 West National Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
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Song M, Huo H, Cao Z, Han Y, Gao L. Aluminum Trichloride Inhibits the Rat Osteoblasts Mineralization In Vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:186-193. [PMID: 27260532 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an accumulative toxic metal. Excessive Al accumulation inhibits osteoblasts mineralization and induces osteoporosis. However, the inhibition mechanism of Al on the mineralization is not fully understood. Thus, in this study, the rat osteoblasts were cultured and exposed to 0 mmol L-1 (control group, CG) and 0.52 mmol L-1 aluminum trichloride (AlCl3, treatment group, TG) for 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively. We found that mineralized matrix nodules, the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase, the concentration of extracellular calcium, the mRNA expression of type-I collagen, the mRNA and protein expressions of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein were all decreased, while the concentration of extracellular phosphorus was increased in TG compared with CG with time prolonged. Taken together, these results indicated that AlCl3 inhibited osteoblasts mineralization in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Kristianto J, Johnson MG, Afzal R, Blank RD. WITHDRAWN: Endothelin signaling in bone. Transl Res 2016:S1931-5244(16)30366-8. [PMID: 27893988 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kristianto
- Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis
| | - Michael G Johnson
- Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Rafia Afzal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Robert D Blank
- Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis; Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis; Medical Service, Clement J. Zablocki VAMC, Milwaukee, Wis
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Meyer LA, Johnson MG, Cullen DM, Vivanco JF, Blank RD, Ploeg HL, Smith EL. Combined exposure to big endothelin-1 and mechanical loading in bovine sternal cores promotes osteogenesis. Bone 2016; 85:115-22. [PMID: 26855374 PMCID: PMC4792706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased bone formation resulting from mechanical loading is well documented; however, the interactions of the mechanotransduction pathways are less well understood. Endothelin-1, a ubiquitous autocrine/paracrine signaling molecule promotes osteogenesis in metastatic disease. In the present study, it was hypothesized that exposure to big endothelin-1 (big ET1) and/or mechanical loading would promote osteogenesis in ex vivo trabecular bone cores. In a 2×2 factorial trial of daily mechanical loading (-2000με, 120cycles daily, "jump" waveform) and big ET1 (25ng/mL), 48 bovine sternal trabecular bone cores were maintained in bioreactor chambers for 23days. The bone cores' response to the treatment stimuli was assessed with percent change in core apparent elastic modulus (ΔEapp), static and dynamic histomorphometry, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion. Two-way ANOVA with a post hoc Fisher's LSD test found no significant treatment effects on ΔEapp (p=0.25 and 0.51 for load and big ET1, respectively). The ΔEapp in the "no load + big ET1" (CE, 13±12.2%, p=0.56), "load + no big ET1" (LC, 17±3.9%, p=0.14) and "load + big ET1" (LE, 19±4.2%, p=0.13) treatment groups were not statistically different than the control group (CC, 3.3%±8.6%). Mineralizing surface (MS/BS), mineral apposition (MAR) and bone formation rates (BFR/BS) were significantly greater in LE than CC (p=0.037, 0.0040 and 0.019, respectively). While the histological bone formation markers in LC trended to be greater than CC (p=0.055, 0.11 and 0.074, respectively) there was no difference between CE and CC (p=0.61, 0.50 and 0.72, respectively). Cores in LE and LC had more than 50% greater MS/BS (p=0.037, p=0.055 respectively) and MAR (p=0.0040, p=0.11 respectively) than CC. The BFR/BS was more than two times greater in LE (p=0.019) and LC (p=0.074) than CC. The PGE2 levels were elevated at 8days post-osteotomy in all groups and the treatment groups remained elevated compared to the CC group on days 15, 19 and 23. The data suggest that combined exposure to big ET1 and mechanical loading results in increased osteogenesis as measured in biomechanical, histomorphometric and biochemical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa A Meyer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Michael G Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; GRECC William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | - Diane M Cullen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Juan F Vivanco
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Robert D Blank
- GRECC William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Endocrinology, The Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
| | - Heidi-Lynn Ploeg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Everett L Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Sun X, Cao Z, Zhang Q, Li M, Han L, Li Y. Aluminum trichloride inhibits osteoblast mineralization via TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 244:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yachoui R, Kristianto J, Sitwala K, Blank RD. Role of Endothelin-1 in a Syndrome of Myelofibrosis and Osteosclerosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:3971-4. [PMID: 26358171 PMCID: PMC5399504 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Primary myelofibrosis is one of the chronic myeloproliferative disorders characterized by bone marrow fibrosis associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis and osteosclerosis. Endothelin-1 (ET1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that is also a key mediator of osteoblastic bone metastases by stimulating osteoblast proliferation and new bone formation. CASE DESCRIPTION We report laboratory, radiographic, bone densitometry, and bone histology data of a patient presenting with newly diagnosed, biopsy-proven myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis. We were able to demonstrate abundant ET1 signaling in the bones of our patient. CONCLUSIONS We believe that ET1 is responsible for the osteosclerosis that develops with advanced myelofibrosis and suggest that ET1 signaling may play a role in other osteosclerotic settings as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Yachoui
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine (R.Y.), Department of Pathology (K.S.), Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449; Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program (J.K., R.D.B.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine (R.D.B.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; and Division of Endocrinology, Medical Service (R.D.B.), Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295
| | - Jasmin Kristianto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine (R.Y.), Department of Pathology (K.S.), Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449; Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program (J.K., R.D.B.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine (R.D.B.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; and Division of Endocrinology, Medical Service (R.D.B.), Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295
| | - Kajal Sitwala
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine (R.Y.), Department of Pathology (K.S.), Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449; Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program (J.K., R.D.B.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine (R.D.B.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; and Division of Endocrinology, Medical Service (R.D.B.), Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295
| | - Robert D Blank
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine (R.Y.), Department of Pathology (K.S.), Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449; Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program (J.K., R.D.B.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine (R.D.B.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; and Division of Endocrinology, Medical Service (R.D.B.), Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295
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