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Wang T, Li Z, Zhao S, Liu Y, Guo W, Alarcòn Rodrìguez R, Wu Y, Wei R. Characterizing hedgehog pathway features in senescence associated osteoarthritis through Integrative multi-omics and machine learning analysis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1255455. [PMID: 38444758 PMCID: PMC10912584 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1255455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of senescence and inflammation. Hedgehog's role in OA mechanisms is unclear. This study combines Bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to identify Hedgehog-associated genes in OA, investigating their impact on the pathogenesis of OA. Materials and methods: Download and merge eight bulk-RNA seq datasets from GEO, also obtain a scRNA-seq dataset for validation and analysis. Analyze Hedgehog pathway activity in OA using bulk-RNA seq datasets. Use ten machine learning algorithms to identify important Hedgehog-associated genes, validate predictive models. Perform GSEA to investigate functional implications of identified Hedgehog-associated genes. Assess immune infiltration in OA using Cibersort and MCP-counter algorithms. Utilize ConsensusClusterPlus package to identify Hedgehog-related subgroups. Conduct WGCNA to identify key modules enriched based on Hedgehog-related subgroups. Characterization of genes by methylation and GWAS analysis. Evaluate Hedgehog pathway activity, expression of hub genes, pseudotime, and cell communication, in OA chondrocytes using scRNA-seq dataset. Validate Hedgehog-associated gene expression levels through Real-time PCR analysis. Results: The activity of the Hedgehog pathway is significantly enhanced in OA. Additionally, nine important Hedgehog-associated genes have been identified, and the predictive models built using these genes demonstrate strong predictive capabilities. GSEA analysis indicates a significant positive correlation between all seven important Hedgehog-associated genes and lysosomes. Consensus clustering reveals the presence of two hedgehog-related subgroups. In Cluster 1, Hedgehog pathway activity is significantly upregulated and associated with inflammatory pathways. WGCNA identifies that genes in the blue module are most significantly correlated with Cluster 1 and Cluster 2, as well as being involved in extracellular matrix and collagen-related pathways. Single-cell analysis confirms the significant upregulation of the Hedgehog pathway in OA, along with expression changes observed in 5 genes during putative temporal progression. Cell communication analysis suggests an association between low-scoring chondrocytes and macrophages. Conclusion: The Hedgehog pathway is significantly activated in OA and is associated with the extracellular matrix and collagen proteins. It plays a role in regulating immune cells and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Joint, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenliang Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Yinteng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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2
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Ruan X, Gu J, Chen M, Zhao F, Aili M, Zhang D. Multiple roles of ALK3 in osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:397-411. [PMID: 37394235 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.127.bjr-2022-0310.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, synovial membrane inflammation, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Pathological changes in cartilage and subchondral bone are the main processes in OA. In recent decades, many studies have demonstrated that activin-like kinase 3 (ALK3), a bone morphogenetic protein receptor, is essential for cartilage formation, osteogenesis, and postnatal skeletal development. Although the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling in articular cartilage and bone has been extensively studied, many new discoveries have been made in recent years around ALK3 targets in articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and the interaction between the two, broadening the original knowledge of the relationship between ALK3 and OA. In this review, we focus on the roles of ALK3 in OA, including cartilage and subchondral bone and related cells. It may be helpful to seek more efficient drugs or treatments for OA based on ALK3 signalling in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchun Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Munire Aili
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Mendoza-Torreblanca JG, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Carro-Rodríguez J, Contreras-García IJ, Garciadiego-Cázares D, Ortega-Cuellar D, Martínez-López V, Alfaro-Rodríguez A, Evia-Ramírez AN, Ignacio-Mejía I, Vargas-Hernández MA, Bandala C. Antiangiogenic Effect of Dopamine and Dopaminergic Agonists as an Adjuvant Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Cancer, Endometriosis, and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10199. [PMID: 37373348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and dopamine agonists (DA-Ag) have shown antiangiogenic potential through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. They inhibit VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR 2) functions through the dopamine receptor D2 (D2R), preventing important angiogenesis-related processes such as proliferation, migration, and vascular permeability. However, few studies have demonstrated the antiangiogenic mechanism and efficacy of DA and DA-Ag in diseases such as cancer, endometriosis, and osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe the mechanisms of the antiangiogenic action of the DA-D2R/VEGF-VEGFR 2 system and to compile related findings from experimental studies and clinical trials on cancer, endometriosis, and OA. Advanced searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SciFinder, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubChem, NCBI Bookshelf, DrugBank, livertox, and Clinical Trials. Articles explaining the antiangiogenic effect of DA and DA-Ag in research articles, meta-analyses, books, reviews, databases, and clinical trials were considered. DA and DA-Ag have an antiangiogenic effect that could reinforce the treatment of diseases that do not yet have a fully curative treatment, such as cancer, endometriosis, and OA. In addition, DA and DA-Ag could present advantages over other angiogenic inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noemi Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Carro-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Itzel Jatziri Contreras-García
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - David Garciadiego-Cázares
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Valentín Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Neurociencias Básicas, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alberto Nayib Evia-Ramírez
- Servicio de Reconstrucción Articular, Cadera y Rodilla, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Iván Ignacio-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City 11200, Mexico
| | | | - Cindy Bandala
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
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4
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Takematsu E, Murphy M, Hou S, Steininger H, Alam A, Ambrosi TH, Chan CKF. Optimizing Delivery of Therapeutic Growth Factors for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050377. [PMID: 37232969 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone- and cartilage-related diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, affect millions of people worldwide, impairing their quality of life and increasing mortality. Osteoporosis significantly increases the bone fracture risk of the spine, hip, and wrist. For successful fracture treatment and to facilitate proper healing in the most complicated cases, one of the most promising methods is to deliver a therapeutic protein to accelerate bone regeneration. Similarly, in the setting of osteoarthritis, where degraded cartilage does not regenerate, therapeutic proteins hold great promise to promote new cartilage formation. For both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis treatments, targeted delivery of therapeutic growth factors, with the aid of hydrogels, to bone and cartilage is a key to advance the field of regenerative medicine. In this review article, we propose five important aspects of therapeutic growth factor delivery for bone and cartilage regeneration: (1) protection of protein growth factors from physical and enzymatic degradation, (2) targeted growth factor delivery, (3) controlling GF release kinetics, (4) long-term stability of regenerated tissues, and (5) osteoimmunomodulatory effects of therapeutic growth factors and carriers/scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Takematsu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Murphy
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PR, UK
| | - Sophia Hou
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Holly Steininger
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alina Alam
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas H Ambrosi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Charles K F Chan
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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5
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Primary Cilia: A Cellular Regulator of Articular Cartilage Degeneration. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2560441. [PMID: 36193252 PMCID: PMC9525753 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2560441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that can cause pain and disability in adults. The main pathological characteristic of OA is cartilage degeneration, which is caused by chondrocyte apoptosis, cartilage matrix degradation, and inflammatory factor destruction. The current treatment for patients with OA focuses on delaying its progression, such as oral anti-inflammatory analgesics or injection of sodium gluconate into the joint cavity. Primary cilia are an important structure involved in cellular signal transduction. Thus, they are very sensitive to mechanical and physicochemical stimuli. It is reported that the primary cilia may play an important role in the development of OA. Here, we review the correlation between the morphology (location, length, incidence, and orientation) of chondrocyte primary cilia and OA and summarize the relevant signaling pathways in chondrocytes that could regulate the OA process through primary cilia, including Hedgehog, Wnt, and inflammation-related signaling pathways. These data provide new ideas for OA treatment.
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6
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Shin S, Lee S, Choi S, Park N, Kwon Y, Jeong J, Ju S, Chang Y, Park K, Ha C, Lee C. Characterization of the Secretome of a Specific Cell Expressing Mutant Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase in Co-Culture Using Click Chemistry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126527. [PMID: 35742968 PMCID: PMC9223471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-culture system, in which two or more distinct cell types are cultured together, is advantageous in that it can mimic the environment of the in vivo niche of the cells. In this study, we presented a strategy to analyze the secretome of a specific cell type under the co-culture condition in serum-supplemented media. For the cell-specific secretome analysis, we expressed the mouse mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase for the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid, azidonorleucine into the newly synthesized proteins in cells of which the secretome is targeted. The azidonorleucine-tagged secretome could be enriched, based on click chemistry, and distinguished from any other contaminating proteins, either from the cell culture media or the other cells co-cultured with the cells of interest. In order to have more reliable true-positive identifications of cell-specific secretory bodies, we established criteria to exclude any identified human peptide matched to bovine proteins. As a result, we identified a maximum of 719 secreted proteins in the secretome analysis under this co-culture condition. Last, we applied this platform to profile the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells and predicted its therapeutic potential on osteoarthritis based on secretome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Shin
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Seonjeong Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sunyoung Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (C.H.)
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Narae Park
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Yumi Kwon
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Jaehoon Jeong
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
| | - Shinyeong Ju
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Yunsil Chang
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Kangsik Park
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Chulwon Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea; (S.C.); (C.H.)
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (S.S.); (S.L.); (N.P.); (Y.K.); (S.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Correspondence:
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7
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Hedgehog signaling orchestrates cartilage-to-bone transition independently of Smoothened. Matrix Biol 2022; 110:76-90. [PMID: 35472633 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although recent lineage studies strongly support a chondrocyte-to-osteoblast differentiation continuum, the biological significance and molecular basis remain undetermined. In silico analysis at a single-cell level indicates a transient shutdown of Hedgehog-related transcriptome during simulated cartilage-to-bone transition. Prompted by this, we genetically induce gain- and loss-of function to probe the role of Hedgehog signaling in cartilage-to-bone transition. Ablating Smo in hypertrophic chondrocytes (HCs) does not result in any phenotypic outcome, whereas deleting Ptch1 in HCs leads to disrupted formation of primary spongiosa and actively proliferating HCs-derived osteogenic cells that contribute to bony bulges seen in adult mutant mice. In HCs-derived osteoblasts, constitutive activation of Hedgehog signaling blocks their further differentiation to osteocytes. Moreover, ablation of both Smo and Ptch1 in HCs reverses neither persistent Hedgehog signaling nor bone overgrowths. These results establish a functional contribution of extended chondrocyte lineage to bone homeostasis and diseases, governed by an unanticipated mode of regulation for Hedgehog signaling independently of Smo.
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Thielen NGM, Neefjes M, Vitters EL, van Beuningen HM, Blom AB, Koenders MI, van Lent PLEM, van de Loo FAJ, Blaney Davidson EN, van Caam APM, van der Kraan PM. Identification of Transcription Factors Responsible for a Transforming Growth Factor-β-Driven Hypertrophy-like Phenotype in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071232. [PMID: 35406794 PMCID: PMC8998018 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During osteoarthritis (OA), hypertrophy-like chondrocytes contribute to the disease process. TGF-β's signaling pathways can contribute to a hypertrophy(-like) phenotype in chondrocytes, especially at high doses of TGF-β. In this study, we examine which transcription factors (TFs) are activated and involved in TGF-β-dependent induction of a hypertrophy-like phenotype in human OA chondrocytes. We found that TGF-β, at levels found in synovial fluid in OA patients, induces hypertrophic differentiation, as characterized by increased expression of RUNX2, COL10A1, COL1A1, VEGFA and IHH. Using luciferase-based TF activity assays, we observed that the expression of these hypertrophy genes positively correlated to SMAD3:4, STAT3 and AP1 activity. Blocking these TFs using specific inhibitors for ALK-5-induced SMAD signaling (5 µM SB-505124), JAK-STAT signaling (1 µM Tofacitinib) and JNK signaling (10 µM SP-600125) led to the striking observation that only SB-505124 repressed the expression of hypertrophy factors in TGF-β-stimulated chondrocytes. Therefore, we conclude that ALK5 kinase activity is essential for TGF-β-induced expression of crucial hypertrophy factors in chondrocytes.
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Lamuedra A, Gratal P, Calatrava L, Ruiz-Perez VL, Palencia-Campos A, Portal-Núñez S, Mediero A, Herrero-Beaumont G, Largo R. Blocking chondrocyte hypertrophy in conditional Evc knockout mice does not modify cartilage damage in osteoarthritis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22258. [PMID: 35334131 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101791rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytes in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage acquire a hypertrophic-like phenotype, where Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is pivotal. Hh overexpression causes OA-like cartilage lesions, whereas its downregulation prevents articular destruction in mouse models. Mutations in EVC and EVC2 genes disrupt Hh signaling, and are responsible for the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome skeletal dysplasia. Since Ellis-van Creveld syndrome protein (Evc) deletion is expected to hamper Hh target gene expression we hypothesized that it would also prevent OA progression avoiding chondrocyte hypertrophy. Our aim was to study Evc as a new therapeutic target in OA, and whether Evc deletion restrains chondrocyte hypertrophy and prevents joint damage in an Evc tamoxifen induced knockout (EvccKO ) model of OA. For this purpose, OA was induced by surgical knee destabilization in wild-type (WT) and EvccKO adult mice, and healthy WT mice were used as controls (n = 10 knees/group). Hypertrophic markers and Hh genes were measured by qRT-PCR, and metalloproteinases (MMP) levels assessed by western blot. Human OA chondrocytes and cartilage samples were obtained from patients undergoing knee joint replacement surgery. Cyclopamine (CPA) was used for Hh pharmacological inhibition and IL-1 beta as an inflammatory insult. Our results showed that tamoxifen induced inactivation of Evc inhibited Hh overexpression and partially prevented chondrocyte hypertrophy during OA, although it did not ameliorate cartilage damage in DMM-EvccKO mice. Hh pathway inhibition did not modify the expression of proinflammatory mediators induced by IL-1 beta in human OA chondrocytes in culture. We found that hypertrophic-IHH-and inflammatory-COX-2-markers co-localized in OA cartilage samples. We concluded that tamoxifen induced inactivation of Evc partially prevented chondrocyte hypertrophy in DMM-EvccKO mice, but it did not ameliorate cartilage damage. Overall, our results suggest that chondrocyte hypertrophy per se is not a pathogenic event in the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lamuedra
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Gratal
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Calatrava
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Víctor Luis Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Portal-Núñez
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Mediero
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Largo
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Regulation of FGF-2, FGF-18 and Transcription Factor Activity by Perlecan in the Maturational Development of Transitional Rudiment and Growth Plate Cartilages and in the Maintenance of Permanent Cartilage Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041934. [PMID: 35216048 PMCID: PMC8872392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to highlight the roles of perlecan in the regulation of the development of the rudiment developmental cartilages and growth plate cartilages, and also to show how perlecan maintains permanent articular cartilage homeostasis. Cartilage rudiments are transient developmental templates containing chondroprogenitor cells that undergo proliferation, matrix deposition, and hypertrophic differentiation. Growth plate cartilage also undergoes similar changes leading to endochondral bone formation, whereas permanent cartilage is maintained as an articular structure and does not undergo maturational changes. Pericellular and extracellular perlecan-HS chains interact with growth factors, morphogens, structural matrix glycoproteins, proteases, and inhibitors to promote matrix stabilization and cellular proliferation, ECM remodelling, and tissue expansion. Perlecan has mechanotransductive roles in cartilage that modulate chondrocyte responses in weight-bearing environments. Nuclear perlecan may modulate chromatin structure and transcription factor access to DNA and gene regulation. Snail-1, a mesenchymal marker and transcription factor, signals through FGFR-3 to promote chondrogenesis and maintain Acan and type II collagen levels in articular cartilage, but prevents further tissue expansion. Pre-hypertrophic growth plate chondrocytes also express high Snail-1 levels, leading to cessation of Acan and CoI2A1 synthesis and appearance of type X collagen. Perlecan differentially regulates FGF-2 and FGF-18 to maintain articular cartilage homeostasis, rudiment and growth plate cartilage growth, and maturational changes including mineralization, contributing to skeletal growth.
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11
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Altered microRNAs in C3H10T1/2 cells induced by p.E95K mutant IHH signaling. Hereditas 2021; 158:48. [PMID: 34922634 PMCID: PMC8684136 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-021-00207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Indian Hedgehog (IHH), an important cell signaling protein, plays a key regulatory role in development of cartilage and chondrogenesis. Earlier studies have shown that heterozygous missense mutations in IHH gene may cause brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1), an autosomal dominant inheritance disease characterized by apparent shortness or absence of the middle phalanges of all digits. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be significant post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and significantly influence the process of bone-development. Therefore, it is possible that miRNAs are involved in the mechanism underlying the development of BDA1. However, the relationship between miRNAs and the pathogenesis of BDA1 remains unclear. Methods In this study, we used microarray-based miRNA profiling to investigate the role of miRNAs in BDA1 by characterization of differentially expressed miRNAs in C3H10T1/2 cell line induced by wild type (WT) and p.E95K mutant (MT) IHH signaling. Results Our results identified 6 differentially expressed miRNAs between WT and control (CT) group and 5 differentially expressed miRNAs between MT and CT groups. In particular, miR-135a-1-3p was found to be a significantly differentially expressed miRNA between WT and CT group. Results of dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment successfully discovered Hoxd10 was one of the target gene of miR-135a-1-3p. Additionally, our pathway analysis revealed that the targets of these miRNAs of interest were highly involved with Runx1/2, Notch and collagen-related pathways. Conclusions Taken together, our findings provided important clue for future study of the process of miRNA-regulation in IHH signaling and novel insights into the regulatory role of miRNA in pathogenesis of BDA1. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-021-00207-8.
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Wu J, Zhang H, Deng R, Xing L, Hu M, Fu X. Interleukin‑Iβ promotes cartilage degeneration by regulating forkhead box protein O4 and type Ⅱ collagen. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:813. [PMID: 34549304 PMCID: PMC8477174 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent pain-inducing and disabling diseases globally. Aging is a primary contributing factor to the progression of OA. Forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) is known to be involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis regulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between FOXO4 expression and chondrocyte degeneration in rats. Chondrocytes were assigned to the control (4-week-old rats), natural degeneration (16-week-old rats) or induced degeneration (IL-1β-treated chondrocytes from 4-week-old rats) groups. Immunocytochemical analysis with β-galactosidase staining revealed a greater number of stained cells present in the natural and induced degeneration groups than in the control group. PCR analysis indicated lower mRNA expression levels of collagen type II α1 chain (Col2α) and higher levels of FOXO4, and western blotting revealed reduced Col2α protein expression levels and significantly elevated FOXO4 levels in the natural and induced degeneration groups, compared with those in the control group. The results of the present study revealed that FOXO4 expression was altered in the natural and induced degeneration groups, and further research and exploration are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with The Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
| | - Rulin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330038, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Xing
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with The Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Mingwu Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China
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Oh HK, Park M, Choi SW, Jeong DU, Kim BJ, Kim JA, Choi HJ, Lee J, Cho Y, Kim JH, Seong JK, Choi BH, Min BH, Kim DW. Suppression of Osteoarthritis progression by post-natal Induction of Nkx3.2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 571:188-194. [PMID: 34330063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an incurable joint disease affecting 240 million elderly population, and major unmet medical needs exist for better therapeutic options for OA. During skeletal development, Nkx3.2 has been shown to promote chondrocyte differentiation and survival, but to suppress cartilage hypertrophy and blood vessel invasion. Here we show that Nkx3.2 plays a key role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Marked reduction of Nkx3.2 expression was observed in three different murine OA models. Consistent with these findings, analyses of surgery-induced and age-driven OA models revealed that cartilage-specific post-natal induction of Nkx3.2 can suppress OA progression in mice. These results suggest that Nkx3.2 may serve as a promising target for OA drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Un Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Ju Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ah Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsik Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chen L, Liu G, Li W, Wu X. Synergistic effects of Indian hedgehog and sonic hedgehog on chondrogenesis during cartilage repair. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:407-418. [PMID: 33598817 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Indian hedgehog (Ihh) have been shown to control the induction of early cartilaginous differentiation. However, it is unclear whether Ihh and Shh exert synergistic effects on chondrogenesis during articular cartilage repair. Herein, we investigate the effects of chondrogenesis of bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) following co-transfection with Shh and Ihh via adenoviral vectors in vitro and in vivo. A rotary cell culture system (RCCS) and Cytodex 3 microcarriers were used to create a stereoscopic dynamic environment for cell culture. In the RCCS environment, BMSCs co-transfected with Ihh and Shh displayed stronger chondrogenic differentiation and chondrogenesis than BMSCs transfected with Ihh or Shh alone, and exhibited higher expression levels of Sox 9, ACAN and collagen II, stronger toluidine blue and collagen II immunohistochemical staining. After transplanted into the osteochondral defect at 8 weeks, Ihh/Shh co-transfected BMSCs showed a significantly better cartilage repair than BMSCs transfected with Ihh or Shh alone. Ihh and Shh have synergistic effects on the induction of chondrogenic differentiation and chondrogenesis under a microgravity environment, and help to repair damaged cartilage and reverse subchondral defects during the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Gejun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Chen T, Che X, Han P, Lu J, Wang C, Liang B, Hou Z, Wei X, Wei L, Li P. MicroRNA-1 promotes cartilage matrix synthesis and regulates chondrocyte differentiation via post-transcriptional suppression of Ihh expression. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2404-2414. [PMID: 32705199 PMCID: PMC7411356 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Indian hedgehog signaling molecule (Ihh) is known to play critical roles in chondrogenesis and cartilage development. However, it remains largely unknown how Ihh is regulated during the process. Previous studies suggest that Ihh plays an important regulatory role in the growth and development of articular cartilage, but whether it is regulated by miRNAs is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of miR‑1 on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis, and to determine whether miR‑1 can regulate the Ihh signaling pathway. In the present study, the expression level of miR‑1 was altered via transfection of the miR‑1 mimic or inhibitor in mouse thorax chondrocytes, and the impact on chondrocyte phenotypes and Ihh expression was examined. Overexpression of miR‑1 promoted the expression of the matrix synthesis‑associated molecules collagen (Col)‑II and aggrecan, two key components in cartilage matrix. Conversely, overexpression of miR‑1 significantly downregulated the expression of chondrocyte differentiation markers Col‑X and matrix metallopeptidase 13. Moreover, overexpression of miR‑1 dose‑dependently inhibited endogenous Ihh expression, and an association was observed between miR‑1 and Ihh expression. The 3' untranslated region (UTR) of Ihh from various species contains two miR‑1 binding sites. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR‑1 post‑transcriptionally suppressed Ihh expression, which was dependent on the binding of miR‑1 to one of the two putative binding sites of the Ihh 3'UTR. Furthermore, via inhibition of Ihh expression, miR‑1 decreased the expression of molecules downstream of Ihh in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in mouse thorax chondrocytes. This study provided new insight into the molecular mechanisms of miR‑1 in regulating chondrocyte phenotypes via targeting the Ihh pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xianda Che
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jiangong Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fenyang Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Hou
- Laboratory Animal Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Ramos-Mucci L, Javaheri B, van 't Hof R, Bou-Gharios G, Pitsillides AA, Comerford E, Poulet B. Meniscal and ligament modifications in spontaneous and post-traumatic mouse models of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:171. [PMID: 32678020 PMCID: PMC7364489 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole joint disease that affects all joint tissues, with changes in the articular cartilage (AC), subchondral bone and synovium. Pathologies in menisci and ligaments, however, are rarely analysed, although both are known to play vital roles in the mechanical stability of the joint. The aim of our study was to describe the pathological changes in menisci and ligament during disease development in murine spontaneous and post-traumatic surgically induced OA and to quantify tissue mineralisation in the joint space using micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging during OA progression. METHODS Knees of Str/ort mice (spontaneous OA model; 26-40 weeks) and C57CBA F1 mice following destabilisation of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery (post-traumatic OA model; 8 weeks after DMM), were used to assess histological meniscal and ligament pathologies. Joint space mineralised tissue volume was quantified by μCT. RESULTS Meniscal pathological changes in Str/ort mouse knees were associated with articular cartilage lesion severity. These meniscal changes included ossification, hyperplasia, cell hypertrophy, collagen type II deposition and Sox9 expression in the fibrous region near the attachment to the knee joint capsule. Anterior cruciate ligaments exhibited extracellular matrix changes and chondrogenesis particularly at the tibial attachment site, and ossification was seen in collateral ligaments. Similar changes were confirmed in the post-traumatic DMM model. μCT analysis showed increased joint space mineralised tissue volume with OA progression in both the post-traumatic and spontaneous OA models. CONCLUSIONS Modifications in meniscal and ligament mineralisation and chondrogenesis are seen with overt AC degeneration in murine OA. Although the aetiology and the consequences of such changes remain unknown, they will influence stability and load transmission of the joint and may therefore contribute to OA progression. In addition, these changes may have important roles in movement restriction and pain, which represent major human clinical symptoms of OA. Description of such soft tissue changes, in addition to AC degradation, should be an important aspect of future studies in mouse models in order to furnish a more complete understanding of OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Behzad Javaheri
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Rob van 't Hof
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew A Pitsillides
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Eithne Comerford
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Chester High Rd, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Blandine Poulet
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK.
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Che X, Chen T, Wei L, Gu X, Gao Y, Liang S, Li P, Shi D, Liang B, Wang C, Li P. MicroRNA‑1 regulates the development of osteoarthritis in a Col2a1‑Cre‑ERT2/GFPfl/fl‑RFP‑miR‑1 mouse model of osteoarthritis through the downregulation of Indian hedgehog expression. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:360-370. [PMID: 32626917 PMCID: PMC7255451 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the effects of microRNA‑1 (miR‑1) on the development of osteoarthritis using human tissues and a Col2a1‑Cre‑ERT2/GFPfl/fl‑RFP‑miR‑1 mouse model of osteoarthritis. Human cartilage tissues (n=20) were collected for reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), histological analysis and immunohistochemistry experiments. A transgenic mouse model of osteoarthritis was established by subjecting Col2a1‑Cre‑ERT2/GFPfl/fl‑RFP‑miR‑1 transgenic mice to anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Mice were subjected to radiography and in vivo fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), while mouse tissues were collected for histological analysis, RT‑qPCR and Safranin O staining. It was found that the miR‑1 level was downregulated, whereas the levels of Indian hedgehog (Ihh), as well as those of its downstream genes were upregulated in human osteoarthritic cartilage. In the transgenic mice, treatment with tamoxifen induced miR‑1, as well as collagen, type II (Col2a1) and Aggrecan (Acan) expression; however, it decreased Ihh, glioma‑associated oncogene homolog (Gli)1, Gli2, Gli3, smoothened homolog (Smo), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑13 and collagen type X (Col10) expression. Safranin O staining revealed cartilage surface damage in the non‑tamoxifen + ACLT group, compared with that in the tamoxifen + ACLT group. Histologically, an intact cartilage surface and less fibrosis were observed in the tamoxifen + ACLT group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the protein expression of Ihh, Col10, and MMP‑13 was significantly higher in the joint tissues of the non‑tamoxifen + ACLT group than in those of the tamoxifen + ACLT group. However, Col2a1 expression was lower in the joint tissues of the non‑tamoxifen + ACLT group than in those of the tamoxifen + ACLT group. The results of RT‑qPCR and FMT further confirmed these findings. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that miR‑1 expression protects against osteoarthritis‑induced cartilage damage and gene expression by inhibiting Ihh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianda Che
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Taoyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Penghua Li
- Fengyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fengyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
| | - Dongping Shi
- Fengyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fengyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Fengyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fengyang, Shanxi 032200, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Bach FC, de Rooij KM, Riemers FM, Snuggs JW, de Jong WAM, Zhang Y, Creemers LB, Chan D, Le Maitre C, Tryfonidou MA. Hedgehog proteins and parathyroid hormone-related protein are involved in intervertebral disc maturation, degeneration, and calcification. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1071. [PMID: 31891120 PMCID: PMC6920702 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and hedgehog signaling play an important role in chondrocyte development, (hypertrophic) differentiation, and/or calcification, but their role in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is unknown. Better understanding their involvement may provide therapeutic clues for low back pain due to IVD degeneration. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of PTHrP and hedgehog proteins in postnatal canine and human IVDs during the aging/degenerative process. The expression of PTHrP, hedgehog proteins and related receptors was studied during the natural loss of the notochordal cell (NC) phenotype during IVD maturation using tissue samples and de-differentiation in vitro and degeneration by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Correlations between their expression and calcification levels (Alizarin Red S staining) were determined. In addition, the effect of PTHrP and hedgehog proteins on canine and human chondrocyte-like cells (CLCs) was determined in vitro focusing on the propensity to induce calcification. The expression of PTHrP, its receptor (PTHR1) and hedgehog receptors decreased during loss of the NC phenotype. N-terminal (active) hedgehog (Indian hedgehog/Sonic hedgehog) protein expression did not change during maturation or degeneration, whereas expression of PTHrP, PTHR1 and hedgehog receptors increased during IVD degeneration. Hedgehog and PTHR1 immunopositivity were increased in nucleus pulposus tissue with abundant vs no/low calcification. In vitro, hedgehog proteins facilitated calcification in CLCs, whereas PTHrP did not affect calcification levels. In conclusion, hedgehog and PTHrP expression is present in healthy and degenerated IVDs. Hedgehog proteins had the propensity to induce calcification in CLCs from degenerated IVDs, indicating that in the future, inhibiting hedgehog signaling could be an approach to inhibit calcification during IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C. Bach
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kim M. de Rooij
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Frank M. Riemers
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joseph W. Snuggs
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - Willem A. M. de Jong
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Laura B. Creemers
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Danny Chan
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Christine Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Low dose of indomethacin and Hedgehog signaling inhibitor administration synergistically attenuates cartilage damage in osteoarthritis by controlling chondrocytes pyroptosis. Gene 2019; 712:143959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.143959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Regulation of energy metabolism in the growth plate and osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Rheumatol Int 2018; 38:1963-1974. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-018-4103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Knockdown Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) does not delay Fibular Fracture Healing in genetic deleted Ihh mice and pharmaceutical inhibited Ihh Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10351. [PMID: 29985470 PMCID: PMC6037729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if Ihh is required for fracture healing. Fibular fracture was created in adult Col2a1-CreERT2; Ihhfl/fl mice. Ihhfl/fl mice received Tamoxifen (TM) to delete Ihh. WT mice received Cyclopamine to inhibit Hh pathway. Callus tissue properties and Ihh pathway were analyzed at 1, 2, and 3 weeks post-fracture by X-ray, micro-CT, mechanical test, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Deleted Ihh was evidenced by the occurrence of growth plate closure in the Ihhfl/fl mice by X-ray 3 weeks after TM treatment. All mice showed fracture healing at 3 weeks post-operation. Histology analysis indicated that, compared to the control, cartilage area was less in fracture sites from Ihh deficient animals by either genetic deletion or drug inhibition at 1 and 2 weeks post-fracture. Ihh immunostaining and its mRNA level were diminished in the fracture callus in Ihh reduced mice. There was no significant difference in BV/TV, BMD and mechanical test. Interruption to Ihh pathway by either genetic or pharmaceutical approach didn’t affect fibular fracture healing in these mice. This surprised finding implicates that the deleted Ihh does not affect fracture healing in this model.
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22
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Deng A, Zhang H, Hu M, Liu S, Wang Y, Gao Q, Guo C. The inhibitory roles of Ihh downregulation on chondrocyte growth and differentiation. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:789-794. [PMID: 29434683 PMCID: PMC5772930 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferative rate of chondrocytes affects bone elongation. Chondrocyte hypertrophy is required for endochondral bone formation as chondrocytes secrete factors required for osteoblast differentiation and maturation. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling pathway is a key regulator of skeletal development and homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of Ihh in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Ihh was knocked down in mouse chondrocyte cells using short hairpin RNA. Chondrocyte apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were assessed using flow cytometry and the results indicated that knockdown of Ihh significantly inhibited cell growth (P<0.05) and increased apoptosis (P<0.001) compared with negative control cells. Downregulation of Ihh also resulted in cell cycle arrest at G1 to S phase in chondrocytes. It was also observed that knockdown of Ihh decreased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition of chondrocytes. The inhibitory roles of Ihh downregulation on chondrocyte growth and differentiation may be associated with the transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic and osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand signaling pathway. The results of the present study suggest that chondrocyte-derived Ihh is essential for maintaining bone growth plates and that manipulation of Ihh expression or its signaling components may be a novel therapeutic technique for the treatment of skeletal diseases, including achondroplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Minyu Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qile Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chaofeng Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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23
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Xia L, Zhang HX, Xing ML, Xu YB, Li P, Huang LK, Bai J, Tian Z, Zhao ZD. Knockdown of PRMT1 suppresses IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation and inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes through Gli1-mediated Hedgehog signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:17-24. [PMID: 28744817 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by articular cartilage degradation and joint inflammation. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the role of the specific function of PRMT1 in chondrocytes and its association with the pathophysiology of OA. We observed that the expression of PRMT1 was apparently upregulated in OA cartilage, as well as in chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1β. Additionally, knockdown of PRMT1 suppressed interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolic imbalance by regulating the expression of MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, COL2A1, and ACAN. Furthermore, silencing of PRMT1 dramatically declined the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide as well as the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanistic analyses further revealed that IL-1β-induced activation of the Hedgehog/Gli-1 signaling is suppressed upon PRMT1 knockdown. However, the effects of inhibition of PRMT1-mediated IL-1β-induced cartilage matrix degradation and inflammatory response in OA chondrocytes were obviously abolished by Hedgehog agonist Purmorphamine (Pur). Our data collectively suggest that silencing of PRMT1 exerts anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory effects on IL-1β-induced chondrocytes via suppressing the Gli-1 mediated Hedgehog signaling pathway, indicating that PRMT1 plays a critical role in OA development and serves as a promising therapeutic target for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mei-Li Xing
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ben Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Ku Huang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan-Dong Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 555, East Friendship Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
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Depletion of Gangliosides Enhances Articular Cartilage Repair in Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43729. [PMID: 28252046 PMCID: PMC5333092 DOI: 10.1038/srep43729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the healing mechanisms in damaged tissues is a critical step for establishing breakthroughs in tissue engineering. Articular cartilage is clinically one of the most successful tissues to be repaired with regenerative medicine because of its homogeneous extracellular matrix and few cell types. However, we only poorly understand cartilage repair mechanisms, and hence, regenerated cartilage remains inferior to the native tissues. Here, we show that glycosylation is an important process for hypertrophic differentiation during articular cartilage repair. GM3, which is a precursor molecule for most gangliosides, was transiently expressed in surrounding damaged tissue, and depletion of GM3 synthase enhanced cartilage repair. Gangliosides also regulated chondrocyte hypertrophy via the Indian hedgehog pathway. These results identify a novel mechanism of cartilage healing through chondrocyte hypertrophy that is regulated by glycosylation. Manipulation of gangliosides and their synthases may have beneficial effects on articular cartilage repair.
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25
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Parathyroid hormone 1-34 reduces dexamethasone-induced terminal differentiation in human articular chondrocytes. Toxicology 2016; 368-369:116-128. [PMID: 27608943 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of dexamethasone (Dex) is occasionally used to relieve pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Dex induces terminal differentiation of chondrogenic mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and causes impaired longitudinal skeletal growth in vivo. Parathyroid hormone 1-34 (PTH 1-34) has been shown to reverse terminal differentiation of osteoarthritic articular chondrocytes. We hypothesized that Dex induces terminal differentiation of articular chondrocytes and that this effect can be mitigated by PTH 1-34 treatment. We tested the effect of Dex on terminal differentiation in human articular chondrocytes and further tested if PTH 1-34 reverses the effects. We found that Dex treatment downregulated chondrogenic-induced expressions of SOX-9, collagen type IIa1 (Col2a1), and aggrecan and reduced synthesis of cartilaginous matrix (Col2a1 and sulfated glycosaminoglycan) synthesis. Dex treatment upregulated chondrocyte hypertrophic markers of collagen type X and alkaline phosphatase at mRNA and protein levels, and it increased the cell size of articular chondrocytes and induced cell death. These results indicated that Dex induces terminal differentiation of articular chondrocytes. To test whether PTH 1-34 treatment reverses Dex-induced terminal differentiation of articular chondrocytes, PTH 1-34 was co-administered with Dex. Results showed that PTH 1-34 treatment reversed both changes of chondrogenic and hypertrophic markers in chondrocytes induced by Dex. PTH 1-34 also decreased Dex-induced cell death. PTH 1-34 treatment reduces Dex-induced terminal differentiation and apoptosis of articular chondrocytes, and PTH 1-34 treatment may protect articular cartilage from further damage when received Dex administration.
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Correlation between Gene Expression and Osteoarthritis Progression in Human. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071126. [PMID: 27428952 PMCID: PMC4964500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by gradual degradation of joint cartilage. This study aimed to quantify major pathogenetic factors during OA progression in human cartilage. Cartilage specimens were isolated from OA patients and scored 0–5 according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) guidelines. Protein and gene expressions were measured by immunohistochemistry and qPCR, respectively. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were used to detect apoptotic cells. Cartilage degeneration in OA is a gradual progress accompanied with gradual loss of collagen type II and a gradual decrease in mRNA expression of SOX9, ACAN and COL2A1. Expression of WNT antagonists DKK1 and FRZB was lost, while hypertrophic markers (RUNX2, COL10A1 and IHH) increased during OA progression. Moreover, DKK1 and FRZB negatively correlated with OA grading, while RUNX2 and IHH showed a significantly positive correlation with OA grading. The number of apoptotic cells was increased with the severity of OA. Taken together, our results suggested that genetic profiling of the gene expression could be used as markers for staging OA at the molecular level. This helps to understand the molecular pathology of OA and may lead to the development of therapies based on OA stage.
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27
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Lin NY, Distler A, Beyer C, Philipi-Schöbinger A, Breda S, Dees C, Stock M, Tomcik M, Niemeier A, Dell'Accio F, Gelse K, Mattson MP, Schett G, Distler JH. Inhibition of Notch1 promotes hedgehog signalling in a HES1-dependent manner in chondrocytes and exacerbates experimental osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:2037-2044. [PMID: 26851274 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Notch ligands and receptors have recently been shown to be differentially expressed in osteoarthritis (OA). We aim to further elucidate the functional role of Notch signalling in OA using Notch1 antisense transgenic (Notch1 AS) mice. METHODS Notch and hedgehog signalling were analysed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Notch-1 AS mice were employed as a model of impaired Notch signalling in vivo. Experimental OA was induced by destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM). The extent of cartilage destruction and osteophyte formation was analysed by safranin-O staining with subsequent assessment of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and Mankin scores and µCT scanning. Collagen X staining was used as a marker of chondrocyte hypertrophy. The role of hairy/enhancer of split 1 (Hes-1) was investigated with knockdown and overexpression experiments. RESULTS Notch signalling was activated in human and murine OA with increased expression of Jagged1, Notch-1, accumulation of the Notch intracellular domain 1 and increased transcription of Hes-1. Notch1 AS mice showed exacerbated OA with increases in OARSI scores, osteophyte formation, increased subchondral bone plate density, collagen X and osteocalcin expression and elevated levels of Epas1 and ADAM-TS5 mRNA. Inhibition of the Notch pathway induced activation of hedgehog signalling with induction of Gli-1 and Gli-2 and increased transcription of hedgehog target genes. The regulatory effects of Notch signalling on Gli-expression were mimicked by Hes-1. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of Notch signalling activates hedgehog signalling, enhances chondrocyte hypertrophy and exacerbates experimental OA including osteophyte formation. These data suggest that the activation of the Notch pathway may limit aberrant hedgehog signalling in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfiya Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Beyer
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ariella Philipi-Schöbinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silvia Breda
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Division of Rheumatology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Stock
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michal Tomcik
- Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Niemeier
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Division of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hw Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Thompson CL, Patel R, Kelly TAN, Wann AKT, Hung CT, Chapple JP, Knight MM. Hedgehog signalling does not stimulate cartilage catabolism and is inhibited by Interleukin-1β. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:373. [PMID: 26705100 PMCID: PMC4718026 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In osteoarthritis, chondrocytes adopt an abnormal hypertrophic morphology and upregulate the expression of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5. The activation of the hedgehog signalling pathway has been established in osteoarthritis and is thought to influence both of these processes. However, the role of this pathway in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis is unclear as previous studies have been unable to isolate the effects of hedgehog pathway activation from other pathological processes. In this study we test the hypothesis that hedgehog pathway activation causes cartilage degradation in healthy cartilage and in an in vitro model of inflammatory arthritis. Methods Isolated articular chondrocytes from the bovine metacarpal-phalangeal joint were stimulated for up to 24 hours with the agonist, recombinant Indian hedgehog (r-Ihh). ADAMTS-5 and MMP-13 gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR. In addition, healthy bovine cartilage explants were treated with r-Ihh or the hedgehog antagonist, cyclopamine, and sGAG release into the media was measured over 72 hours. Studies were repeated using chondrocytes and cartilage explants from human knee joint. Finally, studies were conducted to determine the effect of hedgehog pathway activation on matrix catabolism in the presence of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β. Results Addition of r-Ihh activated hedgehog signalling, confirmed by upregulation of Gli1 and Ptch1 expression, but did not increase ADAMTS-5 or MMP-13 expression in bovine or human chondrocytes. Furthermore, r-Ihh did not induce sGAG release in healthy bovine or human cartilage explants. IL-1β treatment induced sGAG release, but this response was not altered by the stimulation or inhibition of hedgehog signalling. Hedgehog pathway activation was downregulated by IL-1β. Conversely, r-Ihh weakly suppressed IL-1β-induced ADAMTS-5 expression. Conclusion Our results show for the first time that Indian hedgehog does not cause extracellular matrix degradation in healthy ex vivo cartilage or in the presence of IL-1β and that IL-1β downregulates Indian hedgehog induced signalling. Thus, we suggest reported hedgehog induced matrix catabolism in osteoarthritis must be due to its interaction with pathological factors other than IL-1β. Hence, hedgehog signalling and its downstream effects are highly context-dependent. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0891-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Thompson
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Material Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Riana Patel
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Material Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Terri-Ann N Kelly
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Material Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Angus K T Wann
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Material Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK. .,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Clark T Hung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - J Paul Chapple
- Center for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Martin M Knight
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Material Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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29
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Xia B, Di Chen, Zhang J, Hu S, Jin H, Tong P. Osteoarthritis pathogenesis: a review of molecular mechanisms. Calcif Tissue Int 2014; 95:495-505. [PMID: 25311420 PMCID: PMC4747051 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-014-9917-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent chronic joint disease, increases in prevalence with age, and affects majority of individuals over the age of 65 and is a leading musculoskeletal cause of impaired mobility in the elderly. Because the precise molecular mechanisms which are involved in the degradation of cartilage matrix and development of OA are poorly understood and there are currently no effective interventions to decelerate the progression of OA or retard the irreversible degradation of cartilage except for total joint replacement surgery. In this paper, the important molecular mechanisms related to OA pathogenesis will be summarized and new insights into potential molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of OA will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjiang Xia
- Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
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