1
|
Eap CB, Gründer G, Baumann P, Ansermot N, Conca A, Corruble E, Crettol S, Dahl ML, de Leon J, Greiner C, Howes O, Kim E, Lanzenberger R, Meyer JH, Moessner R, Mulder H, Müller DJ, Reis M, Riederer P, Ruhe HG, Spigset O, Spina E, Stegman B, Steimer W, Stingl J, Suzen S, Uchida H, Unterecker S, Vandenberghe F, Hiemke C. Tools for optimising pharmacotherapy in psychiatry (therapeutic drug monitoring, molecular brain imaging and pharmacogenetic tests): focus on antidepressants. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:561-628. [PMID: 33977870 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1878427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: More than 40 drugs are available to treat affective disorders. Individual selection of the optimal drug and dose is required to attain the highest possible efficacy and acceptable tolerability for every patient.Methods: This review, which includes more than 500 articles selected by 30 experts, combines relevant knowledge on studies investigating the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics of 33 antidepressant drugs and of 4 drugs approved for augmentation in cases of insufficient response to antidepressant monotherapy. Such studies typically measure drug concentrations in blood (i.e. therapeutic drug monitoring) and genotype relevant genetic polymorphisms of enzymes, transporters or receptors involved in drug metabolism or mechanism of action. Imaging studies, primarily positron emission tomography that relates drug concentrations in blood and radioligand binding, are considered to quantify target structure occupancy by the antidepressant drugs in vivo. Results: Evidence is given that in vivo imaging, therapeutic drug monitoring and genotyping and/or phenotyping of drug metabolising enzymes should be an integral part in the development of any new antidepressant drug.Conclusions: To guide antidepressant drug therapy in everyday practice, there are multiple indications such as uncertain adherence, polypharmacy, nonresponse and/or adverse reactions under therapeutically recommended doses, where therapeutic drug monitoring and cytochrome P450 genotyping and/or phenotyping should be applied as valid tools of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Gründer
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Baumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Conca
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Service District Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, South Tyrolean Regional Health Service, Bolzano, Italy
| | - E Corruble
- INSERM CESP, Team ≪MOODS≫, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Universite Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France.,Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - S Crettol
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M L Dahl
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J de Leon
- Eastern State Hospital, University of Kentucky Mental Health Research Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - C Greiner
- Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, Bonn, Germany
| | - O Howes
- King's College London and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS)-Imperial College, London, UK
| | - E Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - R Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J H Meyer
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Moessner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H Mulder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wilhelmina Hospital Assen, Assen, The Netherlands.,GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Services Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D J Müller
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Reis
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Riederer
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - H G Ruhe
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - O Spigset
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - E Spina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - B Stegman
- Institut für Pharmazie der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Steimer
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Stingl
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - S Suzen
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - H Uchida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Unterecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - F Vandenberghe
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Hiemke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gannon BM, Williamson A, Rice KC, Fantegrossi WE. Role of monoaminergic systems and ambient temperature in bath salts constituent 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)-elicited hyperthermia and locomotor stimulation in mice. Neuropharmacology 2017; 134:13-21. [PMID: 28887185 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is a common constituent of illicit bath salts products, and in vitro studies implicate monoamine transporters as mediators of its pharmacological effects. Locomotor and thermoregulatory effects of MDPV depend on ambient temperature, so the current studies aimed to gauge the involvement of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and serotonin (5-HT) in MDPV-induced locomotor stimulation and hyperthermia in the mouse at different ambient temperatures. Mice were pretreated with the selective 5-HT-reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (3 mg/kg), the NE-reuptake inhibitor desipramine (3 mg/kg), the DA-reuptake inhibitor bupropion (10 mg/kg), or saline, followed by 10 mg/kg MDPV while thermoregulation and locomotor activity were monitored via radiotelemetry. In other studies, mice were pretreated for three days with saline, 100 mg/kg of the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor para-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA), or 100 mg/kg of the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor α-methyl-para-tyrosine (α-MPT) before receiving 10 mg/kg MDPV on the fourth day. All manipulations were conducted at both 20 °C and 28 °C ambient temperatures. MDPV increased locomotor activity under both ambient conditions and modestly increased core body temperature at 20 °C; however, neither pretreatment with monoamine reuptake inhibitors nor monoamine synthesis inhibitors significantly altered these effects. At 28 °C, MDPV induced a more pronounced hyperthermic effect which was attenuated by bupropion, desipramine, or fluoxetine pretreatment, but not by the monoamine synthesis inhibitors. These results suggest that MDPV may have a more complex pharmacological profile than suggested by in vitro studies, perhaps extending beyond interactions with monoamine transporters. A more thorough binding profile of MDPV at various brain recognition sites should be developed. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Designer Drugs and Legal Highs.'
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda M Gannon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Adrian Williamson
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - William E Fantegrossi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|