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Essaouiba A, Jellali R, Gilard F, Gakière B, Okitsu T, Legallais C, Sakai Y, Leclerc E. Investigation of the Exometabolomic Profiles of Rat Islets of Langerhans Cultured in Microfluidic Biochip. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121270. [PMID: 36557308 PMCID: PMC9786643 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease with high prevalence of comorbidity and mortality. DM is predicted to reach more than 700 million people by 2045. In recent years, several advanced in vitro models and analytical tools were developed to investigate the pancreatic tissue response to pathological situations and identify therapeutic solutions. Of all the in vitro promising models, cell culture in microfluidic biochip allows the reproduction of in-vivo-like micro-environments. Here, we cultured rat islets of Langerhans using dynamic cultures in microfluidic biochips. The dynamic cultures were compared to static islets cultures in Petri. The islets' exometabolomic signatures, with and without GLP1 and isradipine treatments, were characterized by GC-MS. Compared to Petri, biochip culture contributes to maintaining high secretions of insulin, C-peptide and glucagon. The exometabolomic profiling revealed 22 and 18 metabolites differentially expressed between Petri and biochip on Day 3 and 5. These metabolites illustrated the increase in lipid metabolism, the perturbation of the pentose phosphate pathway and the TCA cycle in biochip. After drug stimulations, the exometabolome of biochip culture appeared more perturbed than the Petri exometabolome. The GLP1 contributed to the increase in the levels of glycolysis, pentose phosphate and glutathione pathways intermediates, whereas isradipine led to reduced levels of lipids and carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Essaouiba
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering, CNRS, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne, France
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering, CNRS, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne, France
- Correspondence: (R.J.); (E.L.)
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Université Paris Cité, Bâtiment 360, Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bertrand Gakière
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Université Paris Cité, Bâtiment 360, Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Teru Okitsu
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering, CNRS, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering, CNRS, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne, France
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Correspondence: (R.J.); (E.L.)
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2
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Hajari MA, Baheri Islami S, Chen X. A numerical study on tumor-on-chip performance and its optimization for nanodrug-based combination therapy. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:983-1002. [PMID: 33521884 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices, such as the tumor-on-a-chip (ToC), allow for the delivery of multiple drugs as desired for various therapies such as cancer treatment. Due to the complexity involved, visualizing, and gaining knowledge of the performance of such devices through experimentation alone is difficult if not impossible. In this paper, we performed a numerical simulation study on ToC performance, which focuses on the ability to combine multiple nanodrugs and optimized ToC performance. The numerical simulations of the chip performance were performed based on the typical chip design and operating parameters, as well as the established governing equations, boundary conditions, and fluid-structure interaction. The effect of cell injection time and position, inlet flow rate, number of inlets, medium viscosity, and cell concentration on the chip performance in terms of shear stress and cell distribution were examined. The results illustrate the profound effect of operation parameters, thus allowing for rigorously determining operational parameters to prevent spheroids ejection from microwells and to restrict the shear stresses within a physiological range. Also, the results show that triple-inlets can increase the uniformity of cell distribution in comparison with single or double inlets. Based on the simulation results, the architecture of the primary ToC was further optimized, resulting in a novel design that enables applying multiple, yet simultaneous, nanodrugs with optimal drug combination as desired for an individual patient. Furthermore, our simulations on the optimized chip showed a uniform cell distribution required for uniform-sized tumor spheroids generation, and complete medium exchange. Taken together, this study not only illustrates that numerical simulations are effective to visualize the ToCs performance, but also develops a novel ToC design optimized for nanodrug-based combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sima Baheri Islami
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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3
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Akolpoglu MB, Inceoglu Y, Bozuyuk U, Sousa AR, Oliveira MB, Mano JF, Kizilel S. Recent advances in the design of implantable insulin secreting heterocellular islet organoids. Biomaterials 2020; 269:120627. [PMID: 33401104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation has proved one of the most remarkable transmissions from an experimental curiosity into a routine clinical application for the treatment of type I diabetes (T1D). Current efforts for taking this technology one-step further are now focusing on overcoming islet donor shortage, engraftment, prolonged islet availability, post-transplant vascularization, and coming up with new strategies to eliminate lifelong immunosuppression. To this end, insulin secreting 3D cell clusters composed of different types of cells, also referred as heterocellular islet organoids, spheroids, or pseudoislets, have been engineered to overcome the challenges encountered by the current islet transplantation protocols. β-cells or native islets are accompanied by helper cells, also referred to as accessory cells, to generate a cell cluster that is not only able to accurately secrete insulin in response to glucose, but also superior in terms of other key features (e.g. maintaining a vasculature, longer durability in vivo and not necessitating immunosuppression after transplantation). Over the past decade, numerous 3D cell culture techniques have been integrated to create an engineered heterocellular islet organoid that addresses current obstacles. Here, we first discuss the different cell types used to prepare heterocellular organoids for islet transplantation and their contribution to the organoids design. We then introduce various cell culture techniques that are incorporated to prepare a fully functional and insulin secreting organoids with select features. Finally, we discuss the challenges and present a future outlook for improving clinical outcomes of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Birgul Akolpoglu
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Inceoglu
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Bozuyuk
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ana Rita Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials. University of Aveiro. Campus Universitário de Santiago. 3810-193 Aveiro. Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials. University of Aveiro. Campus Universitário de Santiago. 3810-193 Aveiro. Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials. University of Aveiro. Campus Universitário de Santiago. 3810-193 Aveiro. Portugal
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
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4
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Cai X, Briggs RG, Homburg HB, Young IM, Davis EJ, Lin YH, Battiste JD, Sughrue ME. Application of microfluidic devices for glioblastoma study: current status and future directions. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:60. [PMID: 32870410 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant primary brain tumors. This neoplasm is the hardest to treat and has a bad prognosis. Because of the characteristics of genetic heterogeneity and frequent recurrence, a successful cure for the disease is unlikely. Increasing evidence has revealed that the GBM stem cell-like cells (GSCs) and microenvironment are key elements in GBM recurrence and treatment failure. To better understand the mechanisms underlying this disease and to develop more effective therapeutic strategies for treatment, suitable approaches, techniques, and model systems closely mimicking real GBM conditions are required. Microfluidic devices, a model system mimicking the in vivo brain microenvironment, provide a very useful tool to analyze GBM cell behavior, their correlation with tumor malignancy, and the efficacy of multiple drug treatment. This paper reviews the applications of microfluidic devices in GBM research and summarizes progress and perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Hannah B Homburg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | | | - Yueh-Hsin Lin
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - James D Battiste
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Cingulum Health, Sydney, Australia.
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Suite 19, Level 7, Barker Street, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia.
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5
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Jun Y, Lee J, Choi S, Yang JH, Sander M, Chung S, Lee SH. In vivo-mimicking microfluidic perfusion culture of pancreatic islet spheroids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax4520. [PMID: 31807701 PMCID: PMC6881167 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Native pancreatic islets interact with neighboring cells by establishing three-dimensional (3D) structures, and are surrounded by perfusion at an interstitial flow level. However, flow effects are generally ignored in islet culture models, although cell perfusion is known to improve the cell microenvironment and to mimic in vivo physiology better than static culture systems. Here, we have developed functional islet spheroids using a microfluidic chip that mimics interstitial flow conditions with reduced shear cell damage. Dynamic culture, compared to static culture, enhanced islet health and maintenance of islet endothelial cells, reconstituting the main component of islet extracellular matrix within spheroids. Optimized flow condition allowed localization of secreted soluble factors near spheroids, facilitating diffusion-mediated paracrine interactions within islets, and enabled long-term maintenance of islet morphology and function for a month. The proposed model can aid islet preconditioning before transplantation and has potential applications as an in vitro model for diabetic drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesl Jun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeSeo Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Next & Bio Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Seok Chung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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6
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Rogal J, Zbinden A, Schenke-Layland K, Loskill P. Stem-cell based organ-on-a-chip models for diabetes research. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 140:101-128. [PMID: 30359630 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) ranks among the severest global health concerns of the 21st century. It encompasses a group of chronic disorders characterized by a dysregulated glucose metabolism, which arises as a consequence of progressive autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells (type 1 DM), or as a result of beta-cell dysfunction combined with systemic insulin resistance (type 2 DM). Human cohort studies have provided evidence of genetic and environmental contributions to DM; yet, these studies are mostly restricted to investigating statistical correlations between DM and certain risk factors. Mechanistic studies, on the other hand, aimed at re-creating the clinical picture of human DM in animal models. A translation to human biology is, however, often inadequate owing to significant differences between animal and human physiology, including the species-specific glucose regulation. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of advanced human in vitro models with the potential to identify novel treatment options for DM. This review provides an overview of the technological advances in research on DM-relevant stem cells and their integration into microphysiological environments as provided by the organ-on-a-chip technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rogal
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Silcherstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Aline Zbinden
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Silcherstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Silcherstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; The Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 675 Charles E. Young Drive South, MRL 3645, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Peter Loskill
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Silcherstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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7
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Cui P, Wang S. Application of microfluidic chip technology in pharmaceutical analysis: A review. J Pharm Anal 2018; 9:238-247. [PMID: 31452961 PMCID: PMC6704040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of pharmaceutical analytical methods represents one of the most significant aspects of drug development. Recent advances in microfabrication and microfluidics could provide new approaches for drug analysis, including drug screening, active testing and the study of metabolism. Microfluidic chip technologies, such as lab-on-a-chip technology, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, organs-on-chip and droplet techniques, have all been developed rapidly. Microfluidic chips coupled with various kinds of detection techniques are suitable for the high-throughput screening, detection and mechanistic study of drugs. This review highlights the latest (2010–2018) microfluidic technology for drug analysis and discusses the potential future development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, #76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, #76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China
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8
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Akay M, Hite J, Avci NG, Fan Y, Akay Y, Lu G, Zhu JJ. Drug Screening of Human GBM Spheroids in Brain Cancer Chip. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15423. [PMID: 30337660 PMCID: PMC6194126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an extremely invasive and high-grade (grade IV) glioma, is the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer. It has a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival of only 11 months in the general GBM population and 14.6 to 21 months in clinical trial participants with standard GBM therapies, including maximum safe craniotomy, adjuvant radiation, and chemotherapies. Therefore, new approaches for developing effective treatments, such as a tool for assessing tumor cell drug response before drug treatments are administered, are urgently needed to improve patient survival. To address this issue, we developed an improved brain cancer chip with a diffusion prevention mechanism that blocks drugs crossing from one channel to another. In the current study, we demonstrate that the chip has the ability to culture 3D spheroids from patient tumor specimen-derived GBM cells obtained from three GBM patients. Two clinical drugs used to treat GBM, temozolomide (TMZ) and bevacizumab (Avastin, BEV), were applied and a range of relative concentrations was generated by the microfluidic channels in the brain cancer chip. The results showed that TMZ works more effectively when used in combination with BEV compared to TMZ alone. We believe that this low-cost brain cancer chip could be further developed to generate optimal combination of chemotherapy drugs tailored to individual GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Akay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - John Hite
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naze Gul Avci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yantao Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasemin Akay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guangrong Lu
- Mischer Neuroscience Associates and the Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, UTHealth and Memorial Hermann, 6400 Fannin St. Suite 2800, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jay-Jiguang Zhu
- Mischer Neuroscience Associates and the Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, UTHealth and Memorial Hermann, 6400 Fannin St. Suite 2800, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Logun M, Zhao W, Mao L, Karumbaiah L. Microfluidics in Malignant Glioma Research and Precision Medicine. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 2:1700221. [PMID: 29780878 PMCID: PMC5959050 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer that has no effective treatments and a prognosis of only 12-15 months. Microfluidic technologies deliver microscale control of fluids and cells, and have aided cancer therapy as point-of-care devices for the diagnosis of breast and prostate cancers. However, a few microfluidic devices are developed to study malignant glioma. The ability of these platforms to accurately replicate the complex microenvironmental and extracellular conditions prevailing in the brain and facilitate the measurement of biological phenomena with high resolution and in a high-throughput manner could prove useful for studying glioma progression. These attributes, coupled with their relatively simple fabrication process, make them attractive for use as point-of-care diagnostic devices for detection and treatment of GBM. Here, the current issues that plague GBM research and treatment, as well as the current state of the art in glioma detection and therapy, are reviewed. Finally, opportunities are identified for implementing microfluidic technologies into research and diagnostics to facilitate the rapid detection and better therapeutic targeting of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Logun
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, ADS Complex, University of Georgia, 425 River Road, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Wujun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Leidong Mao
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Lohitash Karumbaiah
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, ADS Complex, University of Georgia, 425 River Road, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
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10
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Kaviani M, Azarpira N. Insight into microenvironment remodeling in pancreatic endocrine tissue engineering: Biological and biomaterial approaches. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:475-484. [PMID: 30603429 PMCID: PMC6170842 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of diabetes mellitus, as a chronic and complicated disease, is a valuable purpose. Islet transplantation can provide metabolic stability and insulin independence in type 1 diabetes patients. Diet and insulin therapy are only diabetes controllers and cannot remove all of the diabetes complications. Moreover, islet transplantation is more promising treatment than whole pancreas transplantation because of lesser invasive surgical procedure and morbidity and mortality. According to the importance of extracellular matrix for islet viability and function, microenvironment remodeling of pancreatic endocrine tissue can lead to more success in diabetes treatment by pancreatic islets. Production of bioengineered pancreas and remodeling of pancreas extracellular matrix provide essential microenvironment for re-vascularization, re-innervation and signaling cascades triggering. Therefore, islets show better viability and function in these conditions. Researchers conduct various scaffolds with different biomaterials for the improvement of islet viability, function and transplantation outcome. The attention to normal pancreas anatomy, embryology and histology is critical to understand the pancreatic Langerhans islets niche and finally to achieve efficient engineered structure. Therefore, in the present study, the status and components of the islets niche is mentioned and fundamental issues related to the tissue engineering of this structure is considered. The purpose of this review article is summarization of recent progress in the endocrine pancreas tissue engineering and biomaterials and biological aspects of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kaviani
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Mohamad Rasulallah Research Tower, Khalili street, Shiraz, 7193635899 Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Mohamad Rasulallah Research Tower, Khalili street, Shiraz, 7193635899 Iran
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11
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Davis KM, Isberg RR. Defining heterogeneity within bacterial populations via single cell approaches. Bioessays 2016; 38:782-90. [PMID: 27273675 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial populations are heterogeneous, which in many cases can provide a selective advantage during changes in environmental conditions. In some instances, heterogeneity exists at the genetic level, in which significant allelic variation occurs within a population seeded by a single cell. In other cases, heterogeneity exists due to phenotypic differences within a clonal, genetically identical population. A variety of mechanisms can drive this latter strategy. Stochastic fluctuations can drive differential gene expression, but heterogeneity in gene expression can also be driven by environmental changes sensed by individual cells residing in distinct locales. Utilizing multiple single cell approaches, workers have started to uncover the extent of heterogeneity within bacterial populations. This review will first describe several examples of phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, and then discuss many single cell approaches that have recently been applied to define heterogeneity within bacterial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Davis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph R Isberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Fan Y, Nguyen DT, Akay Y, Xu F, Akay M. Engineering a Brain Cancer Chip for High-throughput Drug Screening. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25062. [PMID: 27151082 PMCID: PMC4858657 DOI: 10.1038/srep25062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of all human primary brain cancers, in which drug treatment is still one of the most effective treatments. However, existing drug discovery and development methods rely on the use of conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, which have been proven to be poor representatives of native physiology. Here, we developed a novel three-dimensional (3D) brain cancer chip composed of photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene) glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel for drug screening. This chip can be produced after a few seconds of photolithography and requires no silicon wafer, replica molding, and plasma bonding like microfluidic devices made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). We then cultured glioblastoma cells (U87), which formed 3D brain cancer tissues on the chip, and used the GBM chip to perform combinatorial treatment of Pitavastatin and Irinotecan. The results indicate that this chip is capable of high-throughput GBM cancer spheroids formation, multiple-simultaneous drug administration, and a massive parallel testing of drug response. Our approach is easily reproducible, and this chip has the potential to be a powerful platform in cases such as high-throughput drug screening and prolonged drug release. The chip is also commercially promising for other clinical applications, including 3D cell culture and micro-scale tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Room 2027, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Room 2027, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasemin Akay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Room 2027, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Metin Akay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Room 2027, Houston, TX, USA
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Engineered Polymeric Hydrogels for 3D Tissue Models. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8010023. [PMID: 30979118 PMCID: PMC6432530 DOI: 10.3390/polym8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials are widely used in a wide range of biomedical applications due to their unique properties, such as biocompatibility, multi-tunability and easy fabrication. Specifically, polymeric hydrogel materials are extensively utilized as therapeutic implants and therapeutic vehicles for tissue regeneration and drug delivery systems. Recently, hydrogels have been developed as artificial cellular microenvironments because of the structural and physiological similarity to native extracellular matrices. With recent advances in hydrogel materials, many researchers are creating three-dimensional tissue models using engineered hydrogels and various cell sources, which is a promising platform for tissue regeneration, drug discovery, alternatives to animal models and the study of basic cell biology. In this review, we discuss how polymeric hydrogels are used to create engineered tissue constructs. Specifically, we focus on emerging technologies to generate advanced tissue models that precisely recapitulate complex native tissues in vivo.
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