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Lewkowitz AK, Rubin-Miller L, Jahnke HR, Clark MA, Zlotnick C, Miller ES, Henrich N. Demographic and Support Interest Differences Among Nonbirthing Parents Using a Digital Health Platform With Parenthood-Related Anxiety: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e46152. [PMID: 37990826 PMCID: PMC10686614 DOI: 10.2196/46152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transition to parenthood is a period of major stressors and increased risk of anxiety for all parents. Though rates of perinatal anxiety are similar among women (4%-25%) and men (3%-25%), perinatal anxiety research on nonbirthing partners remains limited. Objective We aimed to examine whether demographic characteristics or digital perinatal support preferences differed among nonbirthing partners with compared to without self-reported high parenthood-related anxiety. Methods In this large cross-sectional study of nonbirthing partners using a digital perinatal health platform during their partner's pregnancy, users reported their parenthood-related anxiety through a 5-item Likert scale in response to the prompt "On a scale of 1=None to 5=Extremely, how anxious are you feeling about parenthood?" High parenthood-related anxiety was defined as reporting being very or extremely anxious about parenthood. During the onboarding survey, in response to the question "Which areas are you most interested in receiving support in?" users selected as many support interests as they desired from a list of options. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare demographic characteristics and support interests of nonbirthing partners with low versus high parenthood anxiety. Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios (ORs), with 95% CIs, of high parenthood-related anxiety with each user characteristic or digital support interest. Results Among 2756 nonbirthing partners enrolled in the digital platform during their partner's pregnancy, 2483 (90.1%) were men, 1668 (71.9%) were first-time parents, 1159 (42.1%) were non-Hispanic White, and 1652 (50.9%) endorsed an annual household income of >US $100,000. Overall, 2505 (91.9%) reported some amount of parenthood-related anxiety, and 437 (15.9%) had high parenthood-related anxiety. High parenthood-related anxiety was more common among non-White nonbirthing partners: compared to those who identified as non-Hispanic White, those who identified as Asian, Black, or Hispanic had 2.39 (95% CI 1.85-3.08), 2.01 (95% CI 1.20-3.23), and 1.68 (95% CI 1.15-2.41) times the odds of high parenthood-related anxiety, respectively. Lower household income was associated with increased odds of reporting high parenthood anxiety, with the greatest effect among those with annual incomes of US $100,000 (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.32-3.34). In general, nonbirthing partners were interested in receiving digital support during their partner's pregnancy, but those with high parenthood-related anxiety were more likely to desire digital support for all support interests compared to those without high parenthood anxiety. Those with high parenthood-related anxiety had more than 2 times higher odds of requesting digital education about their emotional health compared to those without high parenthood-related anxiety (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.67-2.55). Conclusions These findings demonstrate the need for perinatal anxiety-related support for all nonbirthing partners and identify nonbirthing partners' demographic characteristics that increase the odds of endorsing high parenthood-related anxiety. Additionally, these findings suggest that most nonbirthing partners using a digital health platform with high parenthood-related anxiety desire to receive perinatal mental health support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Lewkowitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, ProvidenceRI, United States
| | | | | | - Melissa A Clark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, ProvidenceRI, United States
- Department of Health Services, Policy, & Practice, Brown School of Public Health, ProvidenceRI, United States
| | - Caron Zlotnick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, ProvidenceRI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, ProvidenceRI, United States
| | - Emily S Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, ProvidenceRI, United States
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Lewkowitz AK, Guille C, Rubin-Miller L, Jahnke HR, Ayala NK, Miller ES, Henrich N. Association between nonbirthing parent's perinatal education and mental health support desires and perinatal anxiety among either parent. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:101177. [PMID: 37806649 PMCID: PMC10842621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although perinatal anxiety is common in birthing and nonbirthing parents, little is known about the mental health or educational needs of nonbirthing parents during the perinatal period and whether perinatal anxiety in the birthing parent is associated with nonbirthing parent educational preferences. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the desired digital perinatal educational preferences of nonbirthing parents and whether these preferences differed by (1) endorsement of high parenthood-related anxiety in the nonbirthing partner and (2) mental health of the birthing parent (including both identified mental health conditions and presence of pregnancy-related anxiety). STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, nonbirthing and birthing parents using Maven, a digital perinatal health platform, selected the areas in which they wanted education or support from a list of options. In addition, the participants reported their experience of parenthood or pregnancy-related anxiety through a 5-item Likert scale in response to the prompt, "On a scale of 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely), how anxious are you feeling about parenthood or pregnancy?" High parenthood or pregnancy-related anxiety was defined as being very (scale: 4) or extremely (scale: 5) anxious. Furthermore, birthing parents reported whether they had a current or previous mood disorder, but this information was not reported by nonbirthing parents. Survey responses for birthing and nonbirthing parents were linked through the digital platform. Descriptive analyses were used to assess nonbirthing parent demographics and perinatal support interests, stratified by high parenthood-related anxiety, high pregnancy-related anxiety in their partner, and perinatal mood disorders or high pregnancy-related anxiety in their partner. RESULTS Among 382 nonbirthing parents, most (85.6%) desired to receive digital support during their partner's pregnancy: the most commonly endorsed support interests were infant care (327 [85.6%]) and understanding their partner's emotional (313 [81.9%]) or physical (294 [77.0%]) experience during pregnancy. Overall, 355 nonbirthing parents (93.9%) endorsed any parenthood-related anxiety, and 63 nonbirthing parents (16.5%) were categorized as having high parenthood-related anxiety. Those with high parenthood-related anxiety were more likely to desire digital support for each topic. Among birthing parents, 124 (32.4%) had a mental health condition, and 45 (11.8%) had high pregnancy-related anxiety. When nonbirthing parents were stratified by the presence of their partner having a mental health condition or high pregnancy-related anxiety alone, no difference in desired perinatal education was identified. Although nonbirthing parents had higher rates of high parenthood-related anxiety if the birthing parent reported high pregnancy anxiety (17 [27.0%] vs 28 [8.8%]; P<.001), no difference was found with other conditions within the mental health composite. CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study, many nonbirthing parents who engaged with a perinatal digital platform desired education on their or their partner's emotional health during the perinatal period, and most endorsed parenthood-related anxiety. Our findings suggest that perinatal mental health support is needed for nearly all parents and that nonbirthing parents who use digital health platforms are amenable to receiving comprehensive perinatal education via these platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Lewkowitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI (Drs Lewkowitz, Ayala, and Miller); Center for Digital Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI (Dr Lewkowitz).
| | - Constance Guille
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (Dr Guille); Maven Clinic, New York, NY (Dr Guille, Ms Rubin-Miller, and Drs Jahnke and Henrich)
| | - Lily Rubin-Miller
- Maven Clinic, New York, NY (Dr Guille, Ms Rubin-Miller, and Drs Jahnke and Henrich)
| | - Hannah R Jahnke
- Maven Clinic, New York, NY (Dr Guille, Ms Rubin-Miller, and Drs Jahnke and Henrich)
| | - Nina K Ayala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI (Drs Lewkowitz, Ayala, and Miller)
| | - Emily S Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI (Drs Lewkowitz, Ayala, and Miller)
| | - Natalie Henrich
- Maven Clinic, New York, NY (Dr Guille, Ms Rubin-Miller, and Drs Jahnke and Henrich)
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Wedajo LF, Alemu SS, Tola MA, Teferi SM. Paternal postnatal depression and associated factors: Community-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231208265. [PMID: 37915842 PMCID: PMC10617258 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231208265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Paternal postnatal depression is a type of depression that occurs among male partners after childbirth. Although the problem has a multidimensional impact, there is limited data in low-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to uncover this problem in the study setting. Objective To assess paternal postnatal depression and associated factors. Method and study period A community-based cross-sectional study was employed from April 1 to 30, 2023, among 423 fathers in Mattu Town, Southwest Ethiopia. A face-to-face interviewer administered a structured questionnaire prepared by the Open Data Kit tool. The study participants were selected by simple random sampling techniques. A binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were calculated, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was used. Result Among 423 fathers, 412 participated, making the response rate 97.40%. The prevalence of paternal postnatal depression was 29.37% (95% confidence interval: 24.95%, 31.25). The poor wealth index (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.67; 95% confidence interval: 1.88, 3.14), loneliness (AOR: 1.81; 95% confidence interval: 1.20, 3.20), poor social support (AOR: 6.08; 95% confidence interval: 2.55, 14.48), feeling of family income stress (AOR: 3.22; 95% confidence interval: 1.89, 5.50), and history of adverse pregnancy outcome (AOR: 3.00; 95% confidence interval: 1.62, 0.59) were significant associated factors at p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions The study identified nearly 3 in 10 fathers suffering from paternal postnatal depression. Therefore, the Ministry of Health and other concerned bodies should focus on this population group to alleviate it. In addition, health professionals and extension workers should provide evidence-based care plans based on the identified factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lema Fikadu Wedajo
- Department of Midwifery, Mattu University College Health Sciences, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Seyife Alemu
- Department of Midwifery, Madda Walabu University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sheshemene, Ethiopia
| | - Melese Adugna Tola
- Department of Midwifery, Mattu University College Health Sciences, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Shelema Mengistu Teferi
- Department of Midwifery, Madda Walabu University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Robe, Ethiopia
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Yates R, Treyvaud K, Lee KJ, Doyle LW, Cheong JLY, Pace CC, Spittle AJ, Spencer-Smith M, Anderson PJ. Relationship Between Parental Postnatal Distress and 5-Year Mental Health Outcomes of Children Born at <30 Weeks and at Term. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2023; 44:e455-e462. [PMID: 37556594 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare mental health symptoms and diagnoses at age 5 years between children born <30 weeks' gestation and their term-born peers and associations with postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety in their mothers and fathers. METHODS Parents of children born <30 weeks' gestation (n = 106) and at term (n = 105) completed measures of anxiety and depression symptoms within 4 weeks of birth and questionnaires assessing child socioemotional symptoms and mental health/neurodevelopmental diagnostic criteria at age 5 years. RESULTS At age 5 years, children born <30 weeks' gestation were more likely to show clinically concerning levels of total difficulties (odds ratio [OR] = 3.97, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-13.05), emotional problems (OR = 3.71, 95% CI, 1.14-12.15), and inattention/hyperactivity problems (OR = 4.34, 95% CI, 1.51-12.47) than term-born peers. They also showed higher rates of mental health/neurodevelopmental diagnoses than their term-born peers (18% vs 9%), although evidence for the group difference was weak ( p = 0.08). Maternal postnatal anxiety and depression symptoms were related to poorer child mental health outcomes in many domains. There was little evidence that paternal postnatal anxiety/depression symptoms were related to child outcomes or that any associations varied by birth group. CONCLUSION Children born <30 weeks' gestation showed more mental health symptoms than their term-born peers at age 5 years. Maternal postnatal distress was associated with poorer child mental health across both groups, reinforcing the need for early identification and support of mental health distress in the postnatal period to improve longer-term child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Yates
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karli Treyvaud
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine J Lee
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmen C Pace
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Mental Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; and
| | - Alicia J Spittle
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Spencer-Smith
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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5
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Ayala NK, Lewkowitz AK, Whelan AR, Miller ES. Perinatal Mental Health Disorders: A Review of Lessons Learned from Obstetric Care Settings. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:427-432. [PMID: 36865680 PMCID: PMC9971615 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s292734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal mental health has garnered significant attention within obstetrics over the last couple of decades as the long- and short-term morbidities of untreated perinatal mental health disorders on both the mother and fetus/neonate have become increasingly apparent. There have been major strides in increasing screening for perinatal mental health disorders, clinician comfort with prescribing common psychiatric medications, and integrating mental health professionals into prenatal care via health services approaches such as the collaborative care model. Despite these advances, however, gaps still remain in the tools used for screening and diagnosis, obstetric clinician training in diagnosis and management of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, as well as patient access to mental health care during pregnancy and especially postpartum. Herein we review the state of perinatal mental health from the perspective of the obstetric provider and identify areas of ongoing innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Ayala
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Adam K Lewkowitz
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anna R Whelan
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Emily S Miller
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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6
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A Missed Opportunity? How Prenatal Care, Birth Hospitalization, and Digital Health Could Increase Nonbirthing Partners' Access to Recommended Medical and Mental Healthcare. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2022; 36:330-334. [PMID: 36288436 PMCID: PMC9623469 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Dennis CL, Marini F, Dol J, Vigod SN, Grigoriadis S, Brown HK. Paternal prevalence and risk factors for comorbid depression and anxiety across the first 2 years postpartum: A nationwide Canadian cohort study. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:233-245. [PMID: 34964202 DOI: 10.1002/da.23234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms in fathers and investigate the predictors for comorbidity during the first- and second-year following birth. METHODS In a longitudinal Canadian study, couples were recruited within 3 weeks of childbirth. Fathers completed a survey after the birth of their child followed by questionnaires at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months postpartum on paternal depression and anxiety symptoms and potential risk factors. Sequential logistic regression was used for analysis. RESULTS Of the 3217 enrolled fathers, 2544 (79.08%) provided data for at least one time point during the first year postpartum and 2442 (75.29%) in the second year. Overall, 569 fathers (22.4%) had comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms at some point during the first year postpartum (2.2% at baseline to 8.9% at 6 months), and 323 fathers (13.2%) had comorbidity at some point during their second year postpartum (8.1% at 18 months and 8.6% at 24 months). Strongest risk factors associated with paternal comorbidity were poor or fair perceived health at 4 weeks postpartum, depression before pregnancy, anxiety in the current pregnancy, significant adverse childhood experiences, positive ADHD screen, and victim of intimate partner violence. CONCLUSION High rates of comorbidity among fathers in the first 2 years postpartum demonstrate the importance of perinatal mental health management at a family level. The identification of important modifiable comorbidity risk factors highlights areas for further research and the development of interventions to support paternal mental health to optimize child and family outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flavia Marini
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justine Dol
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simone N Vigod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie Grigoriadis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilary K Brown
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health & Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yoshida K, Goto A, Takebayashi Y, Murakami M, Sasaki M. Father-child bonding among Japanese fathers of infants: A municipal-based study at the time of the 4-month child health checkup. Infant Ment Health J 2021; 42:705-717. [PMID: 34449892 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to clarify the factor structure of a bonding measure among Japanese fathers with infants and the factors associated with the subscales. Among fathers of children attending the 4-month health checkup, the Japanese version of the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale had a two-factor structure comprising "anger" and "lack of affection." Anger was associated with fathers' work demands and poor mental condition, and lack of affection with fathers' older age, poor mental condition, and interpersonal problems at home. Paternal parenting support needs to account for not only the fathers themselves, but also interpersonal communication at home and in the work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Yoshida
- Public Health Nursing, Iryo Sosei University Faculty of Nursing, Iwaki-City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Aya Goto
- Fukushima Medical University Center for Integrated Science and Humanities, Fukushima-City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Takebayashi
- Department of Health Risk Communication, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima-City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michio Murakami
- Department of Health Risk Communication, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima-City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mie Sasaki
- Department of Psychology, Saitama Gakuen University, Kawaguchi-City, Saitama, Japan
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Macdonald JA, Greenwood CJ, Francis LM, Harrison TR, Graeme LG, Youssef GJ, Di Manno L, Skouteris H, Fletcher R, Knight T, Williams J, Milgrom J, Olsson CA. Profiles of Depressive Symptoms and Anger in Men: Associations With Postpartum Family Functioning. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:578114. [PMID: 33329118 PMCID: PMC7719778 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.578114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that men commonly experience depression as feelings of anger; yet, research has not investigated what this means for the manifestation of depressive symptoms in the early years of fatherhood and for key indicators of family functioning. Methods: Using data from a longitudinal cohort study of men at the normative age for entering fatherhood (28-32 years), we conducted latent class analyses to identify patterns of depressive symptoms and 3 sub-types of state anger (feeling; verbal; physical). We then assessed whether class membership was associated with paternity status (n = 535). In a subsample of fathers of infants aged up to 18 months (n = 162), we prospectively assessed associations with paternal-infant bonding, co-parenting, perceived social support, paternal involvement in childcare and alcohol use up to 2 years later. Results: Five classes emerged that differentiated men by anger and depressive symptom severity and by the degree to which men endorsed the feeling of wanting to express anger physically. Compared to the reference class with minimal symptoms, fathers had a higher probability of being in either the mild or most severe symptom classes. Men in symptomatic classes were at higher risk of lower levels of social support, co-parenting problems, and paternal-infant bonds. Class membership was not associated with alcohol use or paternal involvement in childcare. Conclusions: Our results reveal patterns of co-existing symptoms of depression and anger in fathers of infants that will be relevant to men's own need for support, their family safety, partner mental health and child developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui A. Macdonald
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Greenwood
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren M. Francis
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Tessa R. Harrison
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Liam G. Graeme
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - George J. Youssef
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Di Manno
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Fletcher
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Family Action Centre, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Tess Knight
- Cairnmillar Institute, Hawthorn East, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Williams
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeannette Milgrom
- Parent-Infant Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig A. Olsson
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Leach LS, Poyser C, Fairweather‐schmidt K. Maternal perinatal anxiety: A review of prevalence and correlates. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liana S. Leach
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia,
| | - Carmel Poyser
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia,
| | - Kate Fairweather‐schmidt
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia,
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
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Skjothaug T, Smith L, Wentzel-Larsen T, Stänicke E, Moe V. Antecedents of fathers' perception of child behavior at child age 12 months. Infant Ment Health J 2020; 41:495-516. [PMID: 32515863 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates whether fathers' adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and attachment style reported during pregnancy predict fathers' perception of child behavior assessed 12 months postpartum, expressed by the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Child Domain. Prospective fathers (N = 835) were recruited to "The Little in Norway (LiN) study" (Moe & Smith) at nine well-baby clinics in Norway, with data collection composed of five time points during pregnancy and two time points postpartum (6 and 12 months). The main analyses included linear regression, path-analysis modeling, and intraclass correlation based on mixed effects modeling. First, linear regression analyses showed that neither fathers' ACE nor attachment style significantly predicted perceived child behavior postpartum directly. Furthermore, path analyses showed that ACE and less secure attachment style (especially avoidant attachment) measured early in pregnancy strongly predicted negatively perceived child behavior, mediated by fathers' mental health symptoms during pregnancy and partner disharmony postpartum. Second, intraclass correlation analyses showed that fathers' perceived child behavior showed substantial stability between 6 and 12 months postpartum. Family interventions beginning in pregnancy may be most beneficial given that fathers' early experiences and perceptions of attachment in pregnancy were associated with later partner disharmony and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Skjothaug
- BUP Vest, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tore Wentzel-Larsen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vibeke Moe
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Markos M, Arba A. Prevalence and Predictors of Postpartum Depression Among Male Partners Who Came to Postnatal Follow-up Clinic with Their Partner in Selected Public Health Centers of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia, 2019. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2307-2316. [PMID: 33116529 PMCID: PMC7549131 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s273045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paternal postpartum depression is a serious public health problem which has a significant effect on mortality and morbidity level. Its effect is not limited to the partner, but it also affects the family, the marital relationship and development of the child. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the prevalence and predictors of paternal postpartum depression among accompanying partners in selected public health centers of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. METHODOLOGY An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 male partners. The study was conducted in 25 randomly selected health centers and samples proportionally allocated to each health center. Finally, the study participants were selected by systematic random sampling method. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0 and exported to IBM SPSS for further analysis. The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale was considered at a cutoff point ≥10 to detect depression. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were done. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and p-value results in multivariable logistic regression were used to declare strength and presence of association. RESULTS Four hundred and ten partners participated in this study making a response rate of 97%. Seventy (17%) of the participants had paternal postpartum depression. Family income (AOR=3.0; 95%CI: 1.1-8.2), substance use (AOR=4.5; 95%CI: 1.5-13.3), family support (AOR=3.9; 95%CI: 1.3-11.3), marital relation (AOR=4.1; 95%CI: 1.5-11.0), unplanned pregnancy (AOR=3.5; 95%CI: 1.4-8.7) and infant sleeping problems (AOR=10.0; 95%CI: 4.1-24.0) were variables significantly associated with paternal postnatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Markos
- Wolaita Sodo University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Aseb Arba
- Wolaita Sodo University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
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13
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Albicker J, Hölzel LP, Bengel J, Domschke K, Kriston L, Schiele MA, Frank F. Prevalence, symptomatology, risk factors and healthcare services utilization regarding paternal depression in Germany: study protocol of a controlled cross-sectional epidemiological study. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 31533685 PMCID: PMC6751806 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While postpartum depression is a well-researched disorder in mothers, there is growing evidence indicating that some fathers also develop depressive symptoms (paternal postpartum depression, PPD). A recent meta-analysis revealed a total prevalence of paternal depression during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum of 8.4%, with significant heterogeneity observed among prevalence rates. International studies suggest that PPD is characterized by additional symptoms compared to maternal postpartum depression. Furthermore, various risk factors of PPD have been identified. However, the prevalence, symptomatology, risk factors and healthcare situation of fathers affected by PPD in Germany are unknown. METHODS/DESIGN This study comprises a controlled, cross-sectional epidemiological survey administered via postal questionnaires. The primary objective is to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms in fathers with a 0-12-month-old infant to the prevalence of depressive symptoms in men without recent paternity. Two structurally differing regions (concerning birthrate, employment status, socioeconomic structure, and nationality of inhabitants) will be included. A random sample of 4600 fathers (2300 in each region) in the postpartum period and 4600 men without recent paternity matched by age, nationality and marital status will be assessed regarding depressive symptoms using the PHQ-9. Contact data will be extracted from residents' registration offices. As secondary objectives, the study aims to provide insights into symptoms and risk factors of PPD in fathers and to assess the current healthcare situation of fathers with PPD in Germany. In an add-on study, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of PPD will be explored. DISCUSSION This study will conduct the first direct comparison between fathers in the postpartum period of one year after childbirth and a matched sample of men without a newborn child. Besides closing this research gap, the findings will provide prevalence estimates as well as insights into specific symptomatology, risk factors, and the current healthcare situation regarding fathers with PPD in Germany. The results will identify low-threshold approaches as a relevant issue for healthcare. Moreover, the findings should inform the development of PPD-specific screening instruments and healthcare offers addressing fathers with PPD. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): DRKS00013339 ; Trial registration date: August 20, 2018; Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1218-8185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Albicker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lars P. Hölzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Parkklinik Wiesbaden Schlangenbad, Rheingauer Straße 47, D-65388 Schlangenbad, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bengel
- Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Engelbergerstraße 41, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Levente Kriston
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miriam A. Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Frank
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Social Work, Protestant University of Applied Sciences Freiburg, Bugginger Straße 38, D-79114 Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Clément MÈ, Menand V, Piché G, Dubeau D. [Prevalence and associated factors of depression symptoms in fathers of children aged 6 months to 17 years in Québec]. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2019; 64:550-560. [PMID: 30545249 PMCID: PMC6681513 DOI: 10.1177/0706743718815882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In fathers, depression symptoms experienced during pregnancy and after childbirth represent a depression risk factor during the child first months. Since depression can have a huge impact on their subsequent involvement with the child, this issue is worrisome and requires consideration. Until now, however, few studies have dealt with paternal depression and its determinants beyond the perinatal period. METHOD This study uses data from a representative provincial survey conducted with 1342 fathers of children aged 6 months to 17 years. It documents the prevalence of moderate and severe depression symptoms with the CES-D scale as well as associated factors. RESULTS Findings show prevalence rates ranging from 3% to 10% depending on depression symptom severity and children age. Associated factors include problematic use of alcohol, no employment, stress related to balancing work and family, domestic violence environment, and low revenue and social support. CONCLUSION These results are interpreted in light of the role and involvement fathers keep in their child's life. They also stress the importance of identifying depression symptoms in this population beyond the perinatal period while monitoring the symptom intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Ève Clément
- 1 Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la violence faite aux enfants, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Quebec, Canada.,2 Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Menand
- 1 Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la violence faite aux enfants, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Piché
- 2 Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Quebec, Canada
| | - Diane Dubeau
- 2 Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Ståhl M, Kristensson Hallström I, Skoog M, Vilhelmsson A. 'So, the circle has grown' - Child Health Services nurses' experiences of giving parental interviews with nonbirthing parents. Scand J Caring Sci 2019; 34:139-147. [PMID: 31131919 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lately, greater focus has been given to the mental health of nonbirthing parents postpartum. However, mothers, but not nonbirthing parents, are routinely screened for postpartum depression, and until recently, nonbirthing parents have not been given the same opportunity as mothers to discuss their parental role without the other parent present. To strengthen the parental role, a separate parental interview with the nonbirthing parent began to be offered as part of the Swedish Child Health Service's (CHS) general programme. AIM This study aimed to explore CHS nurses' experiences of performing parental interviews with nonbirthing parents. METHODS Content analysis was used when analysing data from six research interviews, of which half were focus group interviews. In total, 11 CHS nurses were interviewed. RESULTS Child Health Service nurses reported that although the interview with the nonbirthing parent was a positive experience and that a more family-oriented perspective was something many of them had been longing for, they could also feel that it demanded a lot from them, including things they had perhaps not previously considered. CHS nurses reported difficulties with having such close contact with both parents, and they also described feeling worried about the information that could come up in a standardised conversation and the knowledge provided. CONCLUSION There are both possibilities and challenges in widening the responsibilities of the CHS nurse to include the nonbirthing parent by offering a postpartum interview. IMPLICATIONS This study provides information to healthcare professionals about the importance of providing proper guidance and education when broadening the duties and responsibilities for CHS nurses to include nonbirthing parents in mental health screening. CHS nurses must be given the resources needed to deal with the challenges they encounter and sufficient time for the interviews to be possible and meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Ståhl
- Residency in General Medicine, Vårdcentralen Ystad, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Malin Skoog
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Center of Excellence for Child Health Services, Division Primary Health Care, Region Skane, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andreas Vilhelmsson
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Center of Knowledge Women's Health, Division Primary Health Care, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden.,Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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16
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Ionio C, Lista G, Mascheroni E, Olivari MG, Confalonieri E, Mastrangelo M, Brazzoduro V, Balestriero MA, Banfi A, Bonanomi A, Bova S, Castoldi F, Colombo C, Introvini P, Scelsa B. Premature birth: complexities and difficulties in building the mother–child relationship. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2017.1383977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ionio
- CRIdee, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Cattolica, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lista
- NICU, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Massimo Mastrangelo
- Neurologia Pediatrica, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Annamaria Banfi
- NICU, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Bonanomi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche, Università Cattolica, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Bova
- Neurologia Pediatrica, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Introvini
- NICU, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Scelsa
- Neurologia Pediatrica, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, ICP, Milano, Italy
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17
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Berchio C, Piguet C, Michel CM, Cordera P, Rihs TA, Dayer AG, Aubry JM. Dysfunctional gaze processing in bipolar disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 16:545-556. [PMID: 28971006 PMCID: PMC5608173 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gaze conveys emotional information, and humans present sensitivity to its direction from the earliest days of life. Bipolar disorder is a disease characterized by fluctuating states of emotional and cognitive dysregulation. To explore the role of attentional control on face processing in bipolar patients (BP) we used gaze direction as an emotion modulation parameter in a two-back Working Memory (WM) task while high-density EEG data were acquired. Since gaze direction influences emotional attributions to faces with neutral expressions as well, we presented neutral faces with direct and averted gaze. Nineteen euthymic BP and a sample of age- and gender-matched controls were examined. In BP we observed diminished P200 and augmented P300 evoked responses, differentially modulated by non-repeated or repeated faces, as well as by gaze direction. BP showed a reduced P200 amplitude, significantly stronger for faces with direct gaze than averted gaze. Source localization of P200 indicated decreased activity in sensory-motor regions and frontal areas suggestive of abnormal affective processing of neutral faces. The present study provides neurophysiological evidence for abnormal gaze processing in BP and suggests dysfunctional processing of direct eye contact as a prominent characteristic of bipolar disorder. This ERP study identified abnormalities in gaze processing in bipolar patients. We observed functional anomalies in the P200 and P300 evoked responses. BP showed a strong suppression of the P200 for faces with direct gaze. Source localization indicated decreased activity in sensory-motor regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Berchio
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorders Unit University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Camille Piguet
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorders Unit University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Biomedical Imaging Center (CIBM) Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cordera
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorders Unit University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tonia A Rihs
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre G Dayer
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorders Unit University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Aubry
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorders Unit University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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18
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Fisher SD. Paternal Mental Health: Why Is It Relevant? Am J Lifestyle Med 2017; 11:200-211. [PMID: 30202331 PMCID: PMC6125083 DOI: 10.1177/1559827616629895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Father's mental health is an emerging area of interest that is beginning to be recognized in research, and to a lesser extent in clinical practice and society. Fathers are part of a parenting dyad with 2 partners who are responsible for their children's emotional development. Similar to mothers, the risk for mental health problems increases once a male becomes a father, but there is limited research examining this issue. The purpose of this review is to present the available literature on father's mental health and its effect on child emotional health through various mechanisms. In general, father's mental health was found to be related to increased child internalizing and externalizing behaviors, but each disorder had different risk factors, and a unique effect on parenting behaviors and the child's emotional health. The most developed paternal mental health literature is focused on depression. However, key conceptual and methodological problems exist that may limit our understanding of paternal depression. Additionally, the focus on paternal depression may not accurately represent the largest risk for paternal psychopathology and the resultant child mental health outcomes because men have an increased likelihood of displaying externalizing behaviors. Implications for research, clinical practice, and policy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheehan D. Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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19
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Charandabi SMA, Mirghafourvand M, Sanaati F. The Effect of Life Style Based Education on the Fathers' Anxiety and Depression During Pregnancy and Postpartum Periods: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Community Ment Health J 2017; 53:482-489. [PMID: 28197749 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the harmful effects of prenatal and postnatal anxiety and depression on fathers, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of lifestyle-based training on paternal depression and anxiety (primary outcomes) during the prenatal and postnatal periods. This single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 126 spouses of pregnant women with gestational ages of 24-28 weeks. They were followed up until 6 weeks after childbirth. Using the block randomization method and stratified based on the number of children, the eligible samples were divided into two groups (one receiving two weekly group lifestyle-based training session (lasting 60-90 min) and a control group). Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were filled out by the participants before the intervention, 8 weeks after it, and 6 weeks after childbirth. The general linear model was used to analyze data. Out of 126 fathers, one individual from the intervention group left the study because he was not willing to cooperate. Compared with the control group, there was a significant decrease in depression (adjusted difference: -1.6; 95% CI -2.8 to -0.5), state anxiety (-5.7; -8.6 to -2.9) and trait anxiety (-5.0; -7.8 to -2.2) scores at 8 weeks after intervention as well as postnatal depression (-3.3; -5.0 to -1.5); postnatal state anxiety (-7.5; -11.6 to -3.4), and postnatal trait anxiety (-8.3; -12.2 to -4.4) in the intervention group. The research results indicated the positive impact of training on prenatal and postnatal depression and anxiety in fathers. Given the easy implementation of training interventions during pregnancy, it is suggested that such interventions be paid more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fovzieh Sanaati
- Students' Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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Suto M, Isogai E, Mizutani F, Kakee N, Misago C, Takehara K. Prevalence and Factors Associated With Postpartum Depression in Fathers: A Regional, Longitudinal Study in Japan. Res Nurs Health 2016; 39:253-62. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Suto
- Graduate School of International and Cultural Studies; Tsuda College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Emi Isogai
- Public Health Nurse; Nishio City Health Center; Aichi Japan
| | | | - Naoko Kakee
- Division of Bioethics; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Chizuru Misago
- Department of International and Cultural Studies; Tsuda College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Takehara
- Department of Health Policy; National Center for Child Health and Development; 10-1 Okura 2-chome Setagaya Tokyo 157-8535 Japan
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21
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Candelori C, Trumello C, Babore A, Keren M, Romanelli R. The experience of premature birth for fathers: the application of the Clinical Interview for Parents of High-Risk Infants (CLIP) to an Italian sample. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1444. [PMID: 26483712 PMCID: PMC4586417 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study explored fathers’ experience of premature birth during the hospitalization of their infants, analyzing levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms as compared with mothers. Moreover the Italian version of the Clinical Interview for Parents of High-Risk Infant (CLIP) was tested through confirmatory factor analysis. Methods: Couples of parents (N = 64) of preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks) were administered a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the CLIP after the admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Results: Significant levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms and high percentages of subjects above the corresponding risk thresholds were found among fathers and mothers with higher scores among the latters. Confirmatory factor analysis of the CLIP showed an adequate structure, with better fit for mothers than for fathers. Conclusion: Results highlighted the importance for nurses and clinicians working in the NICU to consider not only the maternal difficulties but also the paternal ones, even if these are often more hidden and silent. In addition the CLIP may be considered an useful interview for research and clinical purposes to be used with parents of high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Candelori
- Laboratory of Dynamic Psychology, Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmen Trumello
- Laboratory of Dynamic Psychology, Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Laboratory of Dynamic Psychology, Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Miri Keren
- Infant Mental Health Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roberta Romanelli
- Laboratory of Psychometrics, Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
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22
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Prevalence of paternal perinatal depressiveness and its link to partnership satisfaction and birth concerns. Arch Womens Ment Health 2014; 17:49-56. [PMID: 24022743 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-013-0377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorders have shown an increasing prevalence over the past decades. Growing evidence suggests that pregnancy and childbirth trigger depressive symptoms not only in women but likewise in men. This study estimates the prevalence of paternal perinatal depressiveness in a German community sample and explores its link to partnership satisfaction as well as birth-related concerns and concerns about the future. Data was gathered in a longitudinal study over the second and third trimester of their partner’s pregnancy up to 6 weeks postpartum. In a two-stage screening procedure, 102 expectant fathers were assessed for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and partnership satisfaction using the Edinburgh Postnatal depression Scale (EPDS), the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory, a self-constructed questionnaire for birth concerns and the Questionnaire of Partnership. The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms among expectant fathers was 9.8 % prenatally and 7.8 % postnatally. Prenatal relationship quality, prenatal EPDS scores, and birth concerns were significantly associated with and explained 47 % of the variance in paternal postnatal depressive symptoms. The prevalence of paternal depressive symptoms is a significant concern. Our findings point out the need for implementing awareness and screening for depressiveness in fathers in clinical routine in Germany as well as the necessity of developing a screening instrument for paternal birth-related anxiety.
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