Galal HM, Abd El-Rady NM. Aqueous garlic extract supresses experimental gentamicin induced renal pathophysiology mediated by oxidative stress, inflammation and Kim-1.
ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019;
26:271-279. [PMID:
31383388 DOI:
10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.07.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Gentamicin (Gent) has rapid & high bactericidal action in addition to its cheap price. Nevertheless, 30% of gentamicin-treated patients develop nephrotoxicity.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the probable nephroprotective effects of the aqueous garlic extract (AGE) & to elucidate its underlying mechanisms via monitoring proinflammatory cytokines as tumer necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (INF-γ), oxidative stess markers as malondialdehyde (MDA) & superoxide dismutase (SOD) & kidney injury molecule (Kim-1) as a promising early specific biomarker of renal dysfunction.
METHODS
32 adult male rats were divided into 4 equal groups treated for 21 days as: normal control group received normal saline orally, AGE-treated group received AGE at 250 mg/kg/day orally, Gent-treated group received Gent-sulphate intraperitoneal injection at 80 mg/kg /day, and AGE & Gent cotreated group received AGE and Gent concomitantly in the same previous doses. Serum urea, creatinine, glomerular filteration rate (GFR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TNF-α, IL-6, INF-γ, MDA and SOD and Kim-1 mRNA expression were evaluated in kidney tissue homogenate. Renal cortex sections stained with Haematoxylin & eosin (H&E) were examined.
RESULTS
AGE is nephroprotective through significantly reducing serum urea, creatinine, SBP and DBP, TNF-α, IL-6, INF-γ and MDA (the main product of lipid peroxidation), decreasing expression of Kim-1 mRNA in renal tissue and increasing level of GFR, the natural antioxidant SOD and improving renal histological features of Gent-treated rats.
CONCLUSION
AGE normalizes Gent-induced renal dysfunction. Their co-administration is a plausible advice, although the therapeutic efficiency of Gent was not investigated.
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