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Radović B, Stojilković N, Ćurčić M, Miljaković EA, Đorđević AB, Javorac D, Baralić K, Đukić-Ćosić D, Bulat Z, Antonijević B. In silico assessment of mixture toxicity mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases: the combination of toxic metal(oid)s and decabrominated diphenyl ether. Toxicology 2023; 489:153496. [PMID: 36933645 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to assess the connection between the mixture of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), methylmercury (MeHg) and decabrominated diphenyl ether (decaBDE) and thyroid function, by using in silico toxicogenomic data-mining approach. To obtain the linkage between investigated toxic mixture and thyroid diseases (TDs), the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was used, while gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed by ToppGeneSuite portal. The analysis has shown 10 genes connected to all chemicals present in the mixture and TDs (CAT, GSR, IFNG, IL1B, IL4, IL6, MAPK1, SOD2, TGFB1, TNF), most of which were in co-expression (45.68%), or belonged to the same pathway (30.47%). Top 5 biological processes and molecular functions affected by the investigated mixture emphasized the role of two common mechanisms - oxidative stress and inflammation. Cytokines and inflammatory response was listed as the main molecular pathway that may be triggered by simultaneous exposure to toxic metal(oid)s and decaBDE and connected to TDs. The direct relations between Pb/decaBDE and redox status impairment in thyroid tissue was confirmed by our chemical-phenotype interaction analysis, while the strongest linkage between Pb, As and decaBDE and thyroid disorders was found. The obtained results provide better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the thyrotoxicity of the investigated mixture, and can be used to direct further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Radović
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Stojilković
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Ćurčić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Evica Antonijević Miljaković
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Đorđević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Javorac
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Baralić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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Effects of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on the expression of thyroid autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rats with autoimmune thyroiditis. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-022-1345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To observe the anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the effect on the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1 of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in rats with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT).
Methods
Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group and a modeling group. The EAT rat model was prepared by a combination of antigen immunization plus iodine agent induction. After the model was prepared, rats in the modeling group were randomly and equally divided into a model group and a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group. In the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group, moxibustion was alternately applied to two groups of points [Dazhui (GV14)-Mingmen (GV4) and Tiantu (CV22)-Guanyuan (CV4)], and the treatment continued for 30 d. Rats in the normal and model groups were only fixed identically without intervention. Histopathological manifestations of thyroid glands were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the concentrations of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue.
Results
There were massive follicular destruction, lymphocytic infiltration, and interstitial fibrous tissue hyperplasia of the thyroid glands in the model group. Some follicles of the thyroid glands were destroyed with few lymphocyte infiltrations and fibrous tissue hyperplasia in the moxibustion group. Compared with the normal group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were increased in the model rats (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were reduced in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were reduced in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were increased in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue was negatively correlated with the serum levels of TPOAb and TGAb.
Conclusion
Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion reduces the inflammatory response in the thyroid glands of EAT rats and lowers the levels of serum TPOAb and TGAb. This may be related to the regulation of mRNA and protein expression of the autophagy-associated factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rat thyroid tissue.
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Ibrahim HY, Sulaiman GM, Al‐shammaa MS, Ad'hiah AH. Evaluation of interleukins 37 and 38 and vitamin D status in the serum of women with Graves' disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24776. [PMID: 36397279 PMCID: PMC9756989 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disorder and recent studies have proposed a role for interleukin (IL)-37, IL-38, and vitamin D (VitD) in the pathophysiology of disease. Therefore, this study investigated the expression of IL-37, IL-38, and VitD in the serum of GD patients and correlations of their levels with some demographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS Serum IL-37, IL-38, and VitD levels were evaluated in 90 women with GD and 93 control women using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Depending on therapy, six patients were newly diagnosed (ND; untreated), and 50 patients were receiving only carbimazole (CMZ), while 34 patients were also on CMZ but also received one (31 patients), two (one patient), or three (two patients) doses of radioactive iodine (RAI). RESULTS IL-37 levels were significantly higher in GD patients than in controls, while IL-38 and VitD levels were significantly decreased. As indicated by the area under the curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the potential of IL-37, IL-38, and VitD as biomarkers to distinguish GD patients from controls (AUC = 0.953, 0.959, and 0.793, respectively). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that altered levels of IL-37, IL-38, and VitD were most likely associated with the pathogenesis of GD. IL-37 was negatively correlated with IL-38 and VitD, while IL-38 and VitD were positively correlated. CONCLUSION Serum Il-37 levels were upregulated in women with GD, while IL-38 and VitD levels showed downregulated levels. The latter two were positively correlated while they showed a negative correlation with IL-37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Y. Ibrahim
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied SciencesUniversity of TechnologyBaghdadIraq
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied SciencesUniversity of TechnologyBaghdadIraq
| | | | - Ali H. Ad'hiah
- Tropical‐Biological Research Unit, College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq
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Kryczyk-Kozioł J, Prochownik E, Błażewska-Gruszczyk A, Słowiaczek M, Sun Q, Schomburg L, Ochab E, Bartyzel M, Zagrodzki P. Assessment of the Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Production of Selected Cytokines in Women with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142869. [PMID: 35889825 PMCID: PMC9317246 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of selenium on the course of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) was mainly assessed by monitoring the titer of antithyroid autoantibodies in most of the studies conducted hitherto. On the other hand, the imbalance in activity of T cells such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg may be relevant in the pathogenesis of this disease. Hence, the assessment of changes in the secretion of cytokines by these cells during selenium supplementation in patients with HT seems to be an important issue and was the main goal of this study. A further aim was to search for correlations among these cytokines, as well as markers of thyroid function, selenium/iodine status in the body, and other biochemical parameters. The group of 29 women with newly diagnosed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was supplemented with selenium in a dose of 100 µg/day for 6 months. Immunological parameters: interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, chemokine CXCL10, interleukin 4, interleukin 1β, interleukin 17, transforming growth factor β, and C-reactive protein, as well as selenium status parameters were determined in serum twice, i.e., before and after supplementation. Selenium supplementation was associated with a change in the production of two cytokines: interferon γ and interleukin 1β, for which a decrease and an increase in concentration were observed, respectively. The partial least squares (PLS) model revealed the presence of many relevant correlations among analyzed parameters. The stage of HT development, degree of thyroid dysfunction, and selenium supplementation of diet are interdependent factors which shape the profile of some cytokines secreted by cells participating in the autoimmunity process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Kryczyk-Kozioł
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (J.K.-K.); (E.P.)
| | - Ewelina Prochownik
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (J.K.-K.); (E.P.)
| | | | - Marian Słowiaczek
- Medical Center DIAGNOZA, Zaczarowane Koło 5, 30-087 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.-G.); (M.S.)
| | - Qian Sun
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (Q.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (Q.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Ewa Ochab
- Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Mirosław Bartyzel
- Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Paweł Zagrodzki
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (J.K.-K.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-620-56-71; Fax: +48-12-620-56-93
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Prediction of the cognitive impairment development in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Endocr Regul 2022; 56:178-189. [DOI: 10.2478/enr-2022-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the present work is to define the risk factors that can affect the presence of a cognitive impairment and analyze the associations of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism (rs6265), vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism (rs2228570), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor gene polymorphism (rs4880213) with the cognitive impairment in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism in the Western Ukraine population and predict the development of cognitive disorders in these patients.
Methods. The study involved 153 patients with various forms of thyroid pathology (hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, elevated serum antibodies anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase). Cognitive impairment in the examined patients was evaluated based on the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test. BDNF, GRIN2B, and 25-OH Vitamin D levels in the serum of the patients and healthy individuals were quantified using highly sensitive commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Genotyping of the VDR (rs2228570), BDNF (rs6265), and NMDA receptor (rs4880213) gene polymorphism was performed using TaqMan probes and Taq-Man Genotyping Master Mix (4371355) on CFX96™Real-Time PCR Detection System. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for TaqMan genotyping was carried out according to the kit instructions.
Results. Strong direct relationship between the “Level GRIN2B” and cognitive impairments (p=0.006) was established after evaluating the complex model based on the values of the regression coefficient. An increase in the likelihood of cognitive impairment by 24.898-fold (p=0.012) was seen after assessing the effect of the CT rs6265 genotype. In addition, direct relationship between the influence of the TT rs6265 genotype and an increase in the likelihood of cognitive impairment by a factor of 21.734 (p=0.024) was also established.
Conclusion. The present data indicate that the BDNF, TSH, fT4, and vitamin D levels prognostically belong to the significant indicators of the cognitive impairment development.
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Manning LN, Schumacher KR, Friedland-Little JM, Yu S, Lowery R, Goldstein BH, Charpie JR. Impact of Protein-Losing Enteropathy on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Vascular Dysfunction in Fontan Circulation. Am J Cardiol 2021; 155:128-134. [PMID: 34315570 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fontan palliation has improved survival for single ventricle patients, but long-term complications persist including cardiovascular dysfunction, neurohormonal abnormalities, and protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). Although chronic inflammation contributes to morbidity, an association between inflammation and vascular dysfunction has not been studied. We assessed inflammation and vascular function in 31 Fontan-palliated patients (52% male, median age 14.3 years), including 10 PLE+. Fontan circulation was associated with altered inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α: mean 2.5 ± 1.4 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 pg/ml, p < 0.0001; sTNFR2: 371 ± 108 vs. 2694 ± 884 pg/ml, p < 0.0001) and vascular dysfunction [log-transformed reactive hyperemia index (lnRHI) 0.28 ± 0.19 vs. 0.47 ± 0.26, p < 0.01; augmentation index (AI) -2.9 ± 13.8 vs. -16.3 ± 12.0, p = 0.001; circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) 5.0 ± 8.1 vs. 22.8 ± 15.9, p = 0.0002)]. Furthermore, PLE+ patients showed greater inflammation (IFN-γ 6.3 ± 2.2 vs. 11.5 ± 7.9 pg/ml, p = 0.01; sTNFR1: 1181 ± 420 vs. 771 ± 350 pg/ml, p = 0.01) and decreased arterial compliance (AI: 5.4 ± 17.1 vs. -6.8 ± 10.2, p = 0.02) than PLE- patients. Circulating EPCs, but not inflammatory cytokines, were inversely associated with arterial stiffness in Fontan patients. In conclusion, chronic inflammation and vascular dysfunction are observed after Fontan operation, with greater inflammation and arterial stiffness in Fontan patients with active PLE. However, there is no clear association between inflammatory cytokines and vascular dysfunction, suggesting these pathophysiologic processes are not mechanistically linked.
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Cheng CW, Wu CZ, Tang KT, Fang WF, Lin JD. Simultaneous measurement of twenty-nine circulating cytokines and growth factors in female patients with overt autoimmune thyroid diseases. Autoimmunity 2020; 53:261-269. [PMID: 32338082 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2020.1755965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines and growth factors participate in immune responses, and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Herein, we simultaneously examined differential levels of 29 circulating factors to determine their associations in female patients with overt autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). We enrolled 40 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 20 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 14 healthy controls. Twenty-nine circulating factors were simultaneously measured. GD patients with low thyroid-stimulating hormone at the time of sample collection were defined as having active GD. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) levels were associated with GD and HT (p = .001 and .001, respectively) and interferon (IFN)-α levels were higher in the HT group than in the control group (p = .021). Significant associations of serum BAFF and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels with free thyroxin (FT4) were present in HT (r = -0.498, p = .026, and r = 0.544, p = .013, respectively). Meanwhile, there were significant associations of FT4 with interleukin (IL)-4 and eotaxin levels in GD (r = 0.354, p = .025 and r = 0.384, p = .014, respectively). In active GD, serum BAFF and eotaxin level were correlated with FT4 levels (r = 0.465, p = .034, and r = 0.463, p = .035, respectively). In conclusion, BAFF is the best circulating indicator to identify GD and HT among all chosen 29 biomarkers, and it could be used to predict the disease severity in HT and active GD. Meanwhile, IFN-α could be another reliable parameter for recognising HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herb Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ze Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kam-Tsun Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fang Fang
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Martin TC, Ilieva KM, Visconti A, Beaumont M, Kiddle SJ, Dobson RJB, Mangino M, Lim EM, Pezer M, Steves CJ, Bell JT, Wilson SG, Lauc G, Roederer M, Walsh JP, Spector TD, Karagiannis SN. Dysregulated Antibody, Natural Killer Cell and Immune Mediator Profiles in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E665. [PMID: 32182948 PMCID: PMC7140647 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) is poorly understood and the association between different immune features and the germline variants involved in AITD are yet unclear. We previously observed systemic depletion of IgG core fucosylation and antennary α1,2 fucosylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in AITD, correlated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels. Fucose depletion is known to potentiate strong antibody-mediated NK cell activation and enhanced target antigen-expressing cell killing. In autoimmunity, this may translate to autoantibody-mediated immune cell recruitment and attack of self-antigen expressing normal tissues. Hence, we investigated the crosstalk between immune cell traits, secreted proteins, genetic variants and the glycosylation patterns of serum IgG, in a multi-omic and cross-sectional study of 622 individuals from the TwinsUK cohort, 172 of whom were diagnosed with AITD. We observed associations between two genetic variants (rs505922 and rs687621), AITD status, the secretion of Desmoglein-2 protein, and the profile of two IgG N-glycan traits in AITD, but further studies need to be performed to better understand their crosstalk in AITD. On the other side, enhanced afucosylated IgG was positively associated with activatory CD335- CD314+ CD158b+ NK cell subsets. Increased levels of the apoptosis and inflammation markers Caspase-2 and Interleukin-1α positively associated with AITD. Two genetic variants associated with AITD, rs1521 and rs3094228, were also associated with altered expression of the thyrocyte-expressed ligands known to recognize the NK cell immunoreceptors CD314 and CD158b. Our analyses reveal a combination of heightened Fc-active IgG antibodies, effector cells, cytokines and apoptotic signals in AITD, and AITD genetic variants associated with altered expression of thyrocyte-expressed ligands to NK cell immunoreceptors. Together, TPOAb responses, dysregulated immune features, germline variants associated with immunoactivity profiles, are consistent with a positive autoreactive antibody-dependent NK cell-mediated immune response likely drawn to the thyroid gland in AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine C. Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kristina M. Ilieva
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (K.M.I.); (S.N.K.)
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Cancer Centre, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Michelle Beaumont
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Steven J. Kiddle
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 8AF, UK; (S.J.K.); (R.J.B.D.)
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Richard J. B. Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 8AF, UK; (S.J.K.); (R.J.B.D.)
- Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), London Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Marija Pezer
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Claire J. Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Jordana T. Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Roederer
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (K.M.I.); (S.N.K.)
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Cancer Centre, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Krygier A, Szczepanek-Parulska E, Filipowicz D, Ruchała M. Changes in serum hepcidin according to thyrometabolic status in patients with Graves' disease. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:EC-20-0017. [PMID: 32069222 PMCID: PMC7077520 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepcidin is an acute-phase protein and a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Anaemia frequently occurs in patients with thyroid dysfunction, and hepcidin may be a potential link. OBJECTIVES Prospective assessment of hepcidin serum concentration and other parameters related to Fe homeostasis in hyperthyroid patients in the course of GD at diagnosis and during remission. PATIENTS AND METHODS Out of 70 patients recruited, 42 (32 women, 10 men), aged 42.5±15.1 years, met the inclusion criteria. Clinical and biochemical assessment, including hepcidin measurement by ELISA, was performed at baseline (T0) and after restoration of euthyroidism (T1). RESULTS Hepcidin concentration at T0 in the 24 patients who completed the study was significantly higher than the value during euthyroidism (28.7 (8.1-39.4) ng/mL vs. 7.9 (4.3-12.9) ng/mL, p<0.001). Hepcidin level was most significantly correlated with ferritin (rho = 0.723) in women at T0. In both men (377 (171-411) vs. 165 (84-237) ng/mL, p=0.001) and women (84 (23-104) vs. 35 (16-64) ng/mL, p=0.001), a significant decrease in ferritin level was demonstrated following therapy. A significant (p<0.001) increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (83.5 (82.5-87.1) vs. 89.5 (88.8-90.0) fL) and mean concentration of haemoglobin (MCH) (29.0 (28.0-29.4) vs. 30.4 (29.5-31.1) pg) was observed. CONCLUSIONS Hepcidin and ferritin decrease significantly during the transition from a hyperthyroid state to euthyroidism in patients with GD. The observed changes occur in parallel to iron homeostasis fluctuations. During the transition from the hyperthyroid state to euthyroidism, the improvement of haematological status is reflected mainly by the increase in MCV and MCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Krygier
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Szczepanek-Parulska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Filipowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Wang X, Shao X, Liu X, Qin Q, Xu J, Zhang JA. Dysregulated Interleukin -33/ST2 Pathway Perpetuates Chronic Inflammation in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 19:1012-1021. [PMID: 30819087 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190226164309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by
chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland with unknown etiologies. Recently, interleukin-33/ST2 (IL-
33/ST2) pathway reveals its participation in the process of several autoimmune diseases. In this study,
the role of IL-33/ST2 pathway in the development of HT is investigated.
Methods:
The levels of plasma IL-33, sST2 and the frequency of circulating CD4+ST2L+T cells in 30
HT patients and 20 healthy controls were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
and flow cytometry respectively. The mRNA expressions of related molecules in IL-33/ST2 pathway
in thyroid tissues (12 HT patients and 10 controls) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RTqPCR).
The protein expressions of IL-33 and ST2 were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry
staining.
Results:
The mRNA expressions of plasma IL-33 and sST2 were elevated in HT patients, with an increased
ratio of IL-33/sST2. The number of CD4+ST2L+ T cells in PBMCs of HT group was significantly
increased when compared to the control group (CON) by Flow cytometry assay. MRNA Expression
of IL-33 and ST2 in thyroid tissue and the level of IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly upregulated
in HT patients, while IL-5 was down-regulated in HT patients, compared to CON. The expression
of IL-1β and IL-18 were positively correlated with the expression of IL-33. Results of western
blot and immunohistochemical staining were consistent with qPCR.
Conclusion:
IL-33/ST2 pathway participates in HT via affecting the production of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin A. Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Lei Y, Yang J, Li H, Zhong H, Wan Q. Changes in glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22929. [PMID: 31350776 PMCID: PMC6757119 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a common organ‐specific autoimmune disorder, and genetic, environmental, and endogenous factors are responsible for initiation of thyroid autoimmunity. Some AITD patients suffer from a certain degree of glucose‐lipid metabolism disorder. This study aims to explore the changes in glucose‐lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in patients with AITD. Methods A total of 91 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were retrospectively analyzed and divided into hypothyroidism group (n = 42) and normal thyroid group (n = 49), while 50 healthy people were selected as control group. The changes in glucose‐lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in each group were compared, and their correlations with the thyroid function were analyzed. Results The levels of serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), IL‐12, IL‐10, (FINS), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) were gradually declined in sequence of hypothyroidism group, normal thyroid group, and control group (P < 0.05). In hypothyroidism group, the levels of serum‐free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) were significantly lower than those in normal thyroid group (P < 0.05), while the level of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly higher than that in normal thyroid group (P < 0.05). However, the fasting blood glucose and 2‐hour postprandial blood glucose levels had no statistically significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Autoimmune thyroid disease patients are prone to fat metabolism disorder, and the serum thyroid hormone level has a close correlation with blood lipid metabolism, insulin metabolism, and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Haihua Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Xu J, Zhu XY, Sun H, Xu XQ, Xu SA, Suo Y, Cao LJ, Zhou Q, Yu HJ, Cao WZ. Low vitamin D levels are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis. BMC Endocr Disord 2018; 18:87. [PMID: 30477467 PMCID: PMC6260768 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-018-0314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is commonly observed in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). Low levels of vitamin D have been correlated with cognitive impairment in non-HT population. We examined the association of vitamin D levels with cognitive impairment in patients with HT. METHODS We recruited 194 patients with HT and 200 healthy volunteers. Levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured using a competitive protein-binding assay. Cognitive funtion was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA). Subjects with a MoCA scores < 26 are considered as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression models. RESULTS Fifty-five HT patients (28.4%) were diagnosed as having MCI. Patients with MCI had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels when compared with patients without MCI (33.9 ± 6.2 vs. 44.3 ± 9.6 nmol/L, P < 0.001). Significant differences in 25(OH)D quartiles of HT patients were observed between the patients with MCI and the patients without MCI (P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, serum 25(OH)D levels (≤ 34.0 and ≥ 47.1 nmol/L) were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in patients with HT (OR 6.279, 95% CI 2.673-14.834, P < 0.001; OR 0.061, 95% CI 0.008-0.491, P = 0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate an important association between serum vitamin D levels and cognitive impairment in patients with HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xiang-yun Zhu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xiao-qin Xu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Song-ao Xu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yuan Suo
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Li-jun Cao
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Hui-jie Yu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Wei-zhong Cao
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province China
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Shao X, Wang B, Mu K, Li L, Li Q, He W, Yao Q, Jia X, Zhang JA. Key gene co-expression modules and functional pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 474:252-259. [PMID: 29614339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is a common autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by positive thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody. To better understand its molecular pathogenesis, we adopted the weighted gene co-expression network analysis to reveal co-expression modules of key genes involved in the pathogenesis of GD, protein-protein interaction network analysis to identify the hub genes related to GD development and functional analyses to explore their possible functions. Our results showed that 1) a total of 2667 differentially expressed genes in our microarray study and 16 different gene co-expression modules were associated with GD, and 2) the most significant module was associated with the percentage of macrophages, T follicular helper cells and CD4+ memory T cells and mainly enriched in immune regulation and immune response. Overall, our study reveals several key gene co-expression modules and functional pathways involved in GD, which provides some novel insights into the pathogenesis of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Kaida Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qiuming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xi Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jin-An Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China.
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Fischli S, von Wyl V, Trummler M, Konrad D, Wueest S, Ruefer A, Heering K, Streuli R, Steuer C, Bernasconi L, Recher M, Henzen C. Iron metabolism in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017; 87:609-616. [PMID: 28833367 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) interferes with iron metabolism and elevates ferritin. The precise mechanisms remain unclear. The influence of thyroid hormones on the synthesis/regulation of hepcidin, an important regulator of iron metabolism, remains uncharacterized. DESIGN Prospective observational study. PATIENTS We included patients (n = 31) with new-onset and untreated GH. MEASUREMENTS Laboratory parameters indicative of iron metabolism (ferritin, transferrin, hepcidin), inflammatory markers/cytokines and smoking status were assessed at the diagnosis of GH (T0) and at euthyroidism (T1) in the same patients using multivariable analyses. Hepcidin was measured by mass spectrometry (hepcidinMS ) and ELISA (hepcidinEL ). The impact of T3 on hepatic hepcidin expression was studied in a cell culture model using HepG2 cells. RESULTS Median ferritin levels were significantly lower and transferrin significantly higher at T1 than at T0. HepcidinMS levels were lower in males and females at T1 (statistically significant in males only). No statistically significant difference in hepcidinEL was detected between T0 and T1. Plasma levels of inflammatory markers (high-sensitive CRP, procalcitonin) and cytokines (interleukin 6, interleukin 1ß, tumour necrosis factor α) were not different between T0 and T1. Smokers tended to have lower fT3 and fT4 at T0 than nonsmoking GH patients. T3 significantly induced hepcidin mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Iron metabolism in patients with GH undergoes dynamic changes in patients with GH that resemble an acute-phase reaction. Inflammatory parameters and cytokines were unaffected by thyroid status. Gender and smoking status had an impact on ferritin, hepcidin and thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fischli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Viktor von Wyl
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Trummler
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Konrad
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Wueest
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Axel Ruefer
- Division of Hematology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Heering
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Regina Streuli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Steuer
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bernasconi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Mike Recher
- Immunodeficiency Clinic, Medical Outpatient Clinic and Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Henzen
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
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Mikos H, Mikos M, Niedziela M. Diagnostic significance of serum concentrations of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) in children with autoimmune thyroid disease. Autoimmunity 2017; 50:192-198. [PMID: 28276714 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2017.1289180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to assess serum levels of sFasL as a marker of thyroid dysfunction in children with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). DESIGN The group comprised 45 newly diagnosed children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease versus euthyroid control group: 11 with hypothyroidism (10 girls and 1 boy, aged 12.2 ± 1.9 years), 19 children with hyperthyroidism (15 girls and 4 boys, aged 12.4 ± 4.9 years) and 15 healthy subjects (7 girls and 8 boys, aged 10.5 ± 4.8 years). METHODS Thyroid function (TSH, fT4, fT3), autoimmune (ATG, ATPO, TRAb) and anthropometric (weight, height, BMI, BMI-SDS, Cole index) parameters were evaluated. sFasL concentration was measured by ELISA. Nonparametric statistical test and ROC analysis were performed to assess the data. RESULTS We found no significant differences in serum concentrations of sFasL between boys and girls in the studied groups. Significantly higher sFasL levels (median 0.26 ng/ml) were identified in children with hypothyroidism compared with the control group (median 0.06 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and in comparison to a group of children with hyperthyroidism (median 0.14 ng/ml, p < 0.05). ROC analysis indicates that sFasL effectively discriminated hypothyroid and healthy children (area under the curve/AUC = 0.897; p < 0,001; sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 73.3%), as well as both clinically opposing states: hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism among themselves (AUC = 0.833; p= 0,003; sensitivity: 94,7%, specificity: 72.7%). CONCLUSIONS Our work shows that sFasL may be useful marker in the assessment of thyroid dysfunction in children with autoimmune thyroid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Mikos
- a Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology and
| | - Marcin Mikos
- b Department of Pneumonology , Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poland
| | - Marek Niedziela
- a Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology and
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Yuan XL, Li Y, Pan XH, Zhou M, Gao QY, Li MC. Production of recombinant human interleukin-38 and its inhibitory effect on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in THP-1 cells. Mol Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893316030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zaaber I, Rancier M, Stathopoulou MG, Saleh A, Marmouch H, Masson C, Murray H, Kurth MJ, Lamont J, Fitzgerald P, Mahjoub S, Said K, Bel Hadj Jrad Tensaout B, Mestiri S, Visvikis-Siest S. Plasma VEGF-related polymorphisms are implied in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Autoimmunity 2016; 49:229-35. [PMID: 26955881 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2016.1151005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), are complex multifactorial diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is implicated in various inflammatory diseases, especially autoimmune diseases. Our aim was to elucidate the relationships between plasma VEGF levels and four genome-wide association study-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to VEGF with AITD in Tunisian patients. A total of 364 healthy controls and 389 patients with AITD were genotyped for the SNPs rs6921438, rs4416670, rs6993770 and rs10738760. Levels of thyroid hormones and antibodies were quantified simultaneously with plasma VEGF after a period of six months of treatment. We found that the minor alleles of rs10738760 and rs6921438 are associated with the presence of GD. A allele of rs10738760 polymorphism is associated with increased plasma levels of free tri-iodothyronin (FT3) while no relationship was found with circulating VEGF plasma levels after six months of treatment. We also showed that the T allele of rs4416670 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of hyperthyroidism in patients treated for six months, independently of their initial diagnosis. There was no significant association between the SNPs and the risk for HT compared with controls. This study shows that AITD are influenced by 3 SNPs linked to VEGF circulating levels. Whereas rs10738760 appeared specific to GD and FT3 production after six months of treatment, rs6921438 and rs4416670 were implicated in the risk for GD. This study opens new ways to test pharmacogenomics concepts in the future especially in GD in which recurrence prognosis is still challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Zaaber
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France .,b Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Bioresource Valorization , Superior Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Marc Rancier
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France .,c Department of Endocrinology , Centre Hospitalier Robert Schuman , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Maria G Stathopoulou
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France
| | - Abdelsalam Saleh
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France
| | - Héla Marmouch
- d Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology , Hospital FattoumaBourguiba in Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Christine Masson
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France
| | | | | | - John Lamont
- e Randox Laboratories Ltd , Crumlin , UK , and
| | | | - Selvia Mahjoub
- d Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology , Hospital FattoumaBourguiba in Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Khaled Said
- b Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Bioresource Valorization , Superior Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Besma Bel Hadj Jrad Tensaout
- b Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Bioresource Valorization , Superior Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Souhir Mestiri
- b Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Bioresource Valorization , Superior Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- a UMR INSERM U1122; Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine , Nancy , France .,f Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics , CHU Nancy-Brabois , France
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Sawicka-Gutaj N, Zybek-Kocik A, Klimowicz A, Kloska M, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Sowiński J, Ruchała M. Circulating Visfatin in Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Free Thyroid Hormones and Antithyroperoxidase Antibodies. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:7402469. [PMID: 26884761 PMCID: PMC4739229 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7402469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that regulation of visfatin in hypothyroidism might be altered by coexisting chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. This is a prospective case-control study of 118 subjects. The autoimmune study group (AIT) consisted of 39 patients newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism in a course of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. The nonautoimmune study group (TT) consisted of 40 patients thyroidectomized due to the differentiated thyroid cancer staged pT1. The control group comprised 39 healthy volunteers adjusted for age, sex, and BMI with normal thyroid function and negative thyroid antibodies. Exclusion criteria consisted of other autoimmune diseases, active neoplastic disease, diabetes mellitus, and infection, which were reported to alter visfatin level. Fasting blood samples were taken for visfatin, TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), glucose, and insulin levels. The highest visfatin serum concentration was in AIT group, and healthy controls had visfatin level higher than TT (p = 0.0001). Simple linear regression analysis revealed that visfatin serum concentration was significantly associated with autoimmunity (β = 0.1014; p = 0.003), FT4 (β = 0.05412; p = 0.048), FT3 (β = 0.05242; p = 0.038), and TPOAb (β = 0.0002; p = 0.0025), and the relationships were further confirmed in the multivariate regression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
- *Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj:
| | - Ariadna Zybek-Kocik
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Klimowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Kloska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sowiński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
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Thyroid autoimmunity as a window to autoimmunity: An explanation for sex differences in the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity. J Theor Biol 2015; 375:95-100. [PMID: 25576242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), predominately Graves׳ disease and Hashimoto׳s thyroiditis, comprise the most common autoimmune diseases in humans. Both have the production of anti-thyroid antibody as an important aspect and both are much more prevalent in females, being at least 10 times more common than in males. Using these two clues, a hypothesis for the initiation of thyroid autoimmunity is proposed that helps to make the case that the thyroid is one of the most sensitive sites for autoimmunity and helps account for the prevalence and the observed sex differences in AITDs and associated diseases, such as type 1 diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA). The primary mechanisms proposed involve the underlying state of inflammation as a result of the adipokines, especially leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6, and the receptors able to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP׳s) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP׳s) through Toll-like receptors (TLR) and others receptors present on thyrocytes. The adipokines are produced by adipose tissue, but have hormone-like and immune modulating properties. As the levels of leptin are significantly higher in females, an explanation for the sex difference in thyroid autoimmunity emerges. The ability of the thyrocytes to participate in innate immunity through the TLR provides an adjuvant-like signal and allows for the action of other agents, such as environmental factors, viruses, bacteria, and even stress to provide the initiation step to break tolerance to thyroid self-antigens. Seeing the thyroid as one of the most sensitive sites for autoimmunity, means that for many autoimmune disorders, if autoimmunity is present, it is likely to also be present in the thyroid - and that that condition in the thyroid was probably earlier. The evidence is seen in multiple autoimmune syndrome.
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