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Ameen F, Alsamhary K, Alabdullatif JA, ALNadhari S. A review on metal-based nanoparticles and their toxicity to beneficial soil bacteria and fungi. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112027. [PMID: 33578100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The unregulated deposition of metal-based nanoparticles in terrestrial ecosystems particularly in agricultural systems has alarmingly threatened the sustainability of the environment and diversity of beneficial microbial populations such as soil bacteria and fungi. This occurs due to the poor treatment of biosolids during wastewater treatment and their application in agricultural fields to enhance the fertility of soils. Continuous deposition, low biodegradability, and longer persistence of metal nanoparticles in soils adversely impact the population of soil beneficial bacteria and fungi. The current literature suggests the toxic outcome of nanoparticle-fungi and nanoparticle-bacteria interactions based on various toxicity endpoints. Therefore, due to the extreme importance of beneficial soil bacteria and fungi for soil fertility and plant growth, this review summarizes the production, application, release of metal nanoparticles in the soil system and their impact on various soil microbes specifically plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, cellular toxicity and impact of nanoparticles on bioactive molecule production by microbes, destructive nanoparticle impact on unicellular, mycorrhizal, and cellulose/lignin degrading fungi. This review also highlights the molecular alterations in fungi and bacteria-induced by nanoparticles and suggests a plausible toxicity mechanism. This review advances the understanding of the nano-toxicity aspect as a common outcome of nanoparticles and fungi/bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khawla Alsamhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamila A Alabdullatif
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh ALNadhari
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Carbon Nanotubes: Probabilistic Approach for Occupational Risk Assessment. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020409. [PMID: 33562871 PMCID: PMC7916016 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the occupational risk assessment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was performed by means of a probabilistic approach. Chronic and subchronic inhalation exposure studies were retrieved during the hazard identification phase of the study. These studies were then used to obtain a guidance value (BMCh, expressed as a lognormal distribution with geometric mean ± geometric standard deviation = 10.0 ± 4.2 µg/m3) for occupational inhalation exposure to CNTs. An exposure scenario was selected from the scientific literature: three different work events (WEs) related to the production of conductive films were considered: (WE1) manufacturing of single walled carbon nanotubes films during normal operation using local exhaust ventilation (LEV); (WE2) manufacturing of SWCNT film without LEV; and (WE3) cleaning of one of the reactors. For each WE, a probability distribution function was applied, considering exposure expressed as mass concentration, as derived from three different measurement techniques. The ratio of the exposure and the BMCh distributions (i.e., the risk characterization ratio-RCR) was used to calculate the probability of occurrence of a relevant occupational risk. All the considered WEs indicated the presence of a risk (i.e., RCR distributions ≥ 1); however, only WE2 resulted in a statistically significant level of risk.
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Buitrago E, Novello AM, Meyer T. Third‐Generation Solar Cells: Toxicity and Risk of Exposure. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Buitrago
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Safety Competence Center (DSPS-SCC) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Group of Chemical and Physical Safety (ISIC-GSCP) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Anna Maria Novello
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Safety Competence Center (DSPS-SCC) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Group of Chemical and Physical Safety (ISIC-GSCP) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Thierry Meyer
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Safety Competence Center (DSPS-SCC) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Group of Chemical and Physical Safety (ISIC-GSCP) Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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State of knowledge on the occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 225:113472. [PMID: 32035287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) trigger fascination as well as anxiety, given their unique physical and chemical properties, and continuing concerns around their possible health effects. CNT exposure assessment is an integral component of occupational and environmental epidemiology, risk assessment, and management. We conducted a systematic review to analyze the quality of CNT occupational exposure assessments in field studies and to assess the relevance of available quantitative data from occupational hygiene and epidemiological perspectives. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for the period 2000-2018. To grade the quality of each study, we used a standardized grid of seven criteria. The first criterion addressed 12 items deemed most relevant CNT physical-chemical properties with respect to their in vitro and in vivo toxicity. We included 27 studies from 11 countries in the review and graded them high (n = 2), moderate (n = 15) and low quality (n = 10). Half of the studies measured elemental carbon mass concentration (EC) using different methods and aerosol fractions. In 85% of studies, the observed values exceed the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Recommended Exposure Limit. The quantification of CNT agglomerates and/or CNT contained fibers becomes increasingly common although lacking methodological standardization. Work activities with the greatest mean CNT mass concentrations were non-enclosed and included sieving, harvesting, packaging, reactor cleaning, extrusion and pelletizing. Some of the large studies defined standardized job titles according to exposure estimates at corresponding workstations and classified them by decreasing CNT exposure level: technicians > engineers > chemists. The already initiated harmonization of CNT exposure assessment and result reporting need to continue to favor not only studies in the field, but also to identify companies and workers using CNTs to characterize their exposures as well as monitor their health. This will enable an objective and realistic evaluation of risks associated with CNT applications and an appropriate risk management.
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Dahm MM, Evans DE, Bertke S, Grinshpun SA. Evaluation of total and inhalable samplers for the collection of carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber aerosols. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR AEROSOL RESEARCH 2019; 53:958-970. [PMID: 35392279 PMCID: PMC8985588 DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2019.1618437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (CNT/F) exposure and epidemiologic studies have utilized 25-mm and 37-mm open-faced cassettes (OFC) to assess the inhalable aerosol fraction. It has been previously established that the 37-mm OFC under-samples particles greater than 20 μm in diameter, but the size-selective characteristics of the 25-mm OFC have not yet been fully evaluated. This article describes an experimental study conducted to determine if the 25- and 37-mm OFCs performed with relative equivalence to a reference inhalable aerosol sampler when challenged with CNT/F particles. Side-by-side paired samples were collected within a small Venturi chamber using a 25-mm styrene OFC, 37-mm styrene OFC, 25-mm aluminum OFC, and Button Inhalable Aerosol Sampler. Three types of CNT/F materials and an Arizona road dust were used as challenge aerosols for the various sampler configurations. Repeated experiments were conducted for each sampler configuration and material. The OFC samplers operated at flow rates of 2 and 5 liters per minute. Results showed that the 25-mm OFC performed comparably to the Button Sampler when challenged with CNT/F aerosols, which was demonstrated in five of the six experimental scenarios with an average error of 20%. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the sampling efficiency of the 25- and 37-mm OFCs adequately followed the ISO/ACGIH/CEN inhalable sampling convention when challenged with CNT/F aerosols. Past exposure and epidemiologic studies that used these OFC samplers can directly compare their results to studies that have used other validated inhalable aerosol samplers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. Dahm
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Douglas E. Evans
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Stephen Bertke
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Sergey A. Grinshpun
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Basinas I, Jiménez AS, Galea KS, Tongeren MV, Hurley F. A Systematic Review of the Routes and Forms of Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials. Ann Work Expo Health 2018; 62:639-662. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Basinas
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Araceli Sánchez Jiménez
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen S Galea
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fintan Hurley
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK
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The Effectiveness of Specific Risk Mitigation Techniques Used in the Production and Handling of Manufactured Nanomaterials: A Systematic Review. J UOEH 2017; 39:187-199. [PMID: 28904269 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.39.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many kinds of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) have been developed and used as basic materials of industrial products, and they may pose health risks for workers in not only developed countries but also in developing countries. Few studies have looked at the evidence for effects of controls that mitigate the risk of exposure to MNMs. Therefore, we systematically searched the literature from the year 2000 to 2015. We included studies that compared the use of an exposure control to the situation without such a technique and those that measured the exposure to MNMs as the outcome. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these controls, we used their "protection factor", defined as the ratio between concentrations without and with the control. We located 1,131 references in PubMed and other lists, and out of these references, 41 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We categorized them as engineering controls such as enclosure, local exhaust ventilation or process automation, and as personal protective equipment (PPE). For enclosure systems we found a protection factor beyond 100. For other engineering controls, the better controls scored 10 to 20, but many cases of local exhaust ventilation had a protection factor of less than 10 and some cases even increased exposure. PPE such as N95 or equivalent filtering respirators had a protection factor of approximately 10 tested with nano-sized aerosols. We conclude that there is low quality evidence that specific engineering controls can reduce exposure to MNMs but that enclosure is considerably more effective. For respiratory protection the evidence is of very low quality due to the lack of field studies. This information can be used to decide about controls when exposure to MNMs exceeds proposed occupational exposure limits or when no toxicological information is available for a MNM.
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Tolaymat T, El Badawy A, Genaidy A, Abdelraheem W, Swqueria R. Analysis of metallic and metal oxide nanomaterial environmental emissions. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2017; 143:401-412. [PMID: 32489231 PMCID: PMC7266090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The current study presents evidence on metallic and metal oxide engineered nanomaterial (ENM) emissions into the environment and an analytic perspective of the outcomes of evaluated studies with respect to different individual end points along the lifecycle trajectory. The key findings suggest that 1) the published literature on emissions of metallic ENMs is limited in both the number and information available on the characteristics of emitted ENMs; 2) the studies are classified as experimental and computational studies focused on predicting ENM emissions; 3) the majority of studies investigated ENM emissions during nanomaterial use and waste management, followed by raw material manufacturing, and finally, nano-enabled product manufacturing; 4) the studies primarily reported the concentration/quantity of emitted ENMs, whereas the physical-chemical characteristics of emitted ENMs were rarely measured or reported; and 5) the published literature primarily focused on emissions of silver and titanium dioxide ENMs and lacked similar information on other surging metallic and metal oxide ENMs such as nano-zero valent iron (nZVI), aluminum (Al), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) ENMs. The evidence suggests that emitted nanoparticles into the air cover a wide range of concentrations below and above the allowable occupational exposure limits. The concentrations of nanoparticles in water systems are considered in the toxic to very toxic range for a variety of biological species. Given the critical gaps in knowledge, one cannot read across different sources of emissions for metallic and metal oxide ENMs hampering efforts with respect to understanding realistic scenarios for transformations in the natural environment and biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabet Tolaymat
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Amro El Badawy
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Ash Genaidy
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdelraheem
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Reynold Swqueria
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA, WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
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Debia M, Bakhiyi B, Ostiguy C, Verbeek JH, Brouwer DH, Murashov V. A Systematic Review of Reported Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials. ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2016; 60:916-35. [DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mew041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Weldon BA, M. Faustman E, Oberdörster G, Workman T, Griffith WC, Kneuer C, Yu IJ. Occupational exposure limit for silver nanoparticles: considerations on the derivation of a general health-based value. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:945-56. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2016.1148793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A. Weldon
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
| | - Elaine M. Faustman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA,
| | - Tomomi Workman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
| | - William C. Griffith
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
| | - Carsten Kneuer
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany, and
| | - Il Je Yu
- Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
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Guseva Canu I, Bateson TF, Bouvard V, Debia M, Dion C, Savolainen K, Yu IJ. Human exposure to carbon-based fibrous nanomaterials: A review. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 219:166-75. [PMID: 26752069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In an emerging field of nanotechnologies, assessment of exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNT) and carbon nanofibers (CNF) is an integral component of occupational and environmental epidemiology, risk assessment and management, as well as regulatory actions. The current state of knowledge on exposure to carbon-based fibrous nanomaterials among workers, consumers and general population was studied in frame of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs-Volume 111 "Some Nanomaterials and Some Fibres". Completeness and reliability of available exposure data for use in epidemiology and risk assessment were assessed. Occupational exposure to CNT/CNF may be of concern at all stages of the material life-cycle from research through manufacture to use and disposal. Consumer and environmental exposures are only estimated by modeled data. The available information of the final steps of the life-cycle of these materials remains incomplete so far regarding amounts of handled materials and levels of exposure. The quality and amount of information available on the uses and applications of CNT/CNF should be improved to enable quantitative assessment of human exposure to these materials. For that, coordinated effort in producing surveys and exposure inventories based on harmonized strategy of material test, exposure measurement and reporting results is strongly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Guseva Canu
- Institut de veille sanitaire, Département Santé-Travail, Saint-Maurice, France.
| | - Thomas F Bateson
- Environmental Protection Agency, Effects Identification & Characterization Group, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Veronique Bouvard
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), IARC Monographs Section, Lyon, France
| | - Maximilien Debia
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Montreal, Canada
| | - Chantal Dion
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Montreal, Canada; Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et sécurité du travail, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kai Savolainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Nanosafety Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Il-Je Yu
- Hoseo University, Toxicological Research Center, Asan, South Korea
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Kim E, Lee JH, Kim JK, Lee GH, Ahn K, Park JD, Yu IJ. Case study on risk evaluation of printed electronics using nanosilver ink. NANO CONVERGENCE 2016; 3:2. [PMID: 28191412 PMCID: PMC5271149 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-016-0065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the ever-increasing development of nanotechnology, our society is being surrounded by possible risks related to exposure to manufactured nanomaterials. The consumer market already includes many products that contain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), including various household products, such as yoga mats, cutting boards, running shirts, and socks. There is a growing concern over the release of AgNPs in workplaces related to the manufacture and application of nanomaterials. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the release of AgNPs during the operation of a printed electronics printer. METHODS Using an exposure simulation chamber, a nanoparticle collector, scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), condensation particle counter (CPC), dust monitor, and mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters are all connected to measure the AgNP exposure levels when operating a printed electronics printer. RESULTS A very small amount of AgNPs was released during the operation of the printed electronics printer, and the number of AgNPs inside the exposure simulation chamber was lower than that outside background. In addition, when evaluating the potential risks for consumers and workers using a margin of exposure (MOE) approach and target MOE of 1000, the operational results far exceeded the target MOE in this simulation study and in a previous workplace exposure study. CONCLUSION The overall results indicate a no-risk concern level in the case of printed electronics using nanosilver ink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Kim
- Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795 Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795 Korea
| | - Jin Kwon Kim
- Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795 Korea
| | - Gun Ho Lee
- Department of Mechanics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kangho Ahn
- Department of Mechanics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | | | - Il Je Yu
- Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795 Korea
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Simkó M, Mattsson MO. Interactions between nanosized materials and the brain. Curr Med Chem 2015; 21:4200-14. [PMID: 25039776 PMCID: PMC4435026 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140716100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current rapid development of nanotechnologies and engineered nanomaterials (ENM) will impact the society in a major fashion during the coming decades. This development also causes substantial safety concerns. Among the many promising applications of ENM, products that can be used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases, including conditions that affect the nervous system, are under development. ENM can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) and accumulate within the brain. It seems that the nano-form rather than the bulk form of the chemicals pass the BBB, and that there is an inverse relationship between particle size and the ability to penetrate the BBB. Although translocation of ENM to the brain is possible during experimental conditions, the health relevance for real-life situations is far from clear. One major reason for this is that studies have been using nanoparticle concentrations that are far higher than the ones that can be expected during realistic exposures. However, very high exposure to the CNS can cause effects on neurotransmission, redox homeostasis and behavior. Available studies have been focusing on possible effects of the first generation of ENM. It will be necessary to study possible health effects also of expected novel sophisticated materials, independent of the outcome of present studies. The prospects for intended or targeted medical applications are promising since it has been shown that ENM can be made to pass the BBB and reach specific regions or cells within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mats-Olof Mattsson
- Health and Environment Department, Environmental Resources and Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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Are safety data sheets for cleaning products used in Norway a factor contributing to the risk of workers exposure to chemicals? Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27:840-53. [DOI: 10.2478/s13382-014-0302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Pietroiusti A, Magrini A. Engineered nanoparticles at the workplace: current knowledge about workers' risk. Occup Med (Lond) 2014; 64:319-30. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqu051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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