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Singh S, Shahid R, Pradhan S. Successful Treatment of a Recalcitrant Extensive Giant Molluscum Contagiosum with Intralesional 10% Potassium Hydroxide in an Immunosuppressed Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report. Indian Dermatol Online J 2024; 15:549-551. [PMID: 38845634 PMCID: PMC11152463 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_349_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh Singh
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rashid Shahid
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Swetalina Pradhan
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Kakleas K, Sinha S, Wilson D, Stiefel G. Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora): An Alternative and Effective Treatment for Molluscum Contagiosum in Children with Atopic Dermatitis. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:1018-1020. [PMID: 37695447 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kakleas
- Paediatric Allergy Clinic, Agia Sofia Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Shilpee Sinha
- Paediatric Allergy Clinic, Leicester Royal Infirmary Hospital, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Deborah Wilson
- Paediatric Allergy Clinic, Leicester Royal Infirmary Hospital, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Gary Stiefel
- Paediatric Allergy Clinic, Leicester Royal Infirmary Hospital, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
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Agrawal S, Sharma A, Motiwala M, Dhurat R. A potassium hydroxide fountain pen for precise application over molluscum contagiosum lesions. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:e7-e8. [PMID: 31150708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Aseem Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Maryam Motiwala
- Department of Dermatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Rachita Dhurat
- Department of Dermatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Mumbai, India.
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Heo JY, Park TH, Kim WI. The efficacy and safety of topical 10% potassium hydroxide for molluscum contagiosum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2021; 33:1682-1690. [PMID: 33667150 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1898527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a self-limited cutaneous viral infection. Topical 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) has been used for treating MC. However, it remains unclear whether it is beneficial or not to apply topical 10% KOH for treating MC. METHODS To confirm the efficacy and safety of topical 10% KOH compared with placebo as well as other treatments for MC, meta-analysis was used. Up to September 2020, we performed a comprehensive search of literature based on three databases with following keywords including 'molluscum contagiosum' and 'potassium hydroxide'. RESULTS Our meta-analyses demonstrated a significant difference between topical 10% KOH and placebo for complete clearance of MC (RR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.69 - 5.17, p = .0001), while there were no statistical differences between them in the number of patients with adverse events (RR: 1.73, 95% CI: 0.67 - 4.45, p = .2562). Also, topical 10% KOH was as effective as mechanical treatments for MC (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.84 - 1.07, p = .3833). CONCLUSION We demonstrate that application of topical 10% KOH may be one of effective and appropriate methods for the treatment of MC compared with awaiting spontaneous resolution due to its safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Heo
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Heum Park
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Il Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Abarca Lachén E, Hernando Martínez P, Gilaberte Calzada Y. The Most Useful Pharmaceutical Formulations (Individualized Medications) in Pediatric Dermatology: A Review. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abarca Lachén E, Hernando Martínez P, Gilaberte Calzada Y. The Most Useful Pharmaceutical Formulations (Individualized Medications) in Pediatric Dermatology: A Review. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 112:302-313. [PMID: 33220314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of appropriate doses of active ingredients and excipients is crucial for achieving desired treatment outcomes in pediatric dermatology. A number of factors need to be considered, including the characteristics of the lesion, the patient, and the drug. An additional challenge in pediatric settings is the limited number of commercially available formulations suitable for use in children. Drug compounding, which is the preparation of medications tailored to the needs of individual patients, is a good alternative for pediatric populations for a number of reasons. Using a customized compound, the clinician can prescribe formulations that contain the optimal dose of the active ingredients within acceptable limits and the most suitable vehicle and formulation components. Compounding can also be used to combine several active ingredients in a single medication and even adapt the vehicle to the characteristics of the lesion and the needs of the patient. The pharmaceutical formulations described in this review are based on extensive clinical experience and can be customized to meet individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Abarca Lachén
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, España; Sociedad Española del Medicamento Individualizado (LASEMI), España.
| | - P Hernando Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, España; Sociedad Española del Medicamento Individualizado (LASEMI), España
| | - Y Gilaberte Calzada
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, España
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Achdiat PA, Rowawi R, Fatmasari D, Karisa NA, Dwipangestu G, Avriyanti E, Suwarsa O, Gunawan H. A Case Series: Experience of Using 20% Potassium Hydroxide Solution to Treat Adult Sexually Transmitted Molluscum Contagiosum. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:671-676. [PMID: 32982360 PMCID: PMC7501424 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s270380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a benign disease of the skin and mucous membrane caused by a poxvirus. To date, there is no standard therapy used for the treatment of MC. Using 10% of potassium hydroxide (KOH) once or twice a day and 20% KOH once a day are often applicable to MC lesions both in children and adults. Nevertheless, the usage of 20% KOH twice a day still has not been reported. Purpose This case series aimed to show the efficacy and side effects of once- or twice-daily application of 20% KOH solution for MC lesions due to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in adults. Patients and Methods Three cases of MC on the genital were applied once or twice daily and one case of MC on the face was applied twice daily using 20% KOH solution. Results As a result, the application of 20% KOH twice daily showed the improvement of MC lesions on the face on day 7 and MC lesions on the genital on day 20. Meanwhile, once-daily application of 20% KOH showed diminished MC lesions on genital on day 25-31 after treatment. There were tolerable side effects that occurred in this treatment, such as stinging and burning sensation several minutes after application, erosions, and post-inflammatory hypo- and hyper-pigmentation. Conclusion The 20% KOH solution twice daily on MC lesions in adults is effective, practical, and inexpensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pati Aji Achdiat
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rasmia Rowawi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dina Fatmasari
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nadila Ayu Karisa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Gilang Dwipangestu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erda Avriyanti
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Oki Suwarsa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Gunawan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Robinson G, Townsend S, Jahnke MN. Molluscum Contagiosum: Review and Update on Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Risk, Prevention, and Treatment. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-020-00289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Meza-Romero R, Navarrete-Dechent C, Downey C. Molluscum contagiosum: an update and review of new perspectives in etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:373-381. [PMID: 31239742 PMCID: PMC6553952 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s187224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a self-limited infectious dermatosis, frequent in pediatric population, sexually active adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It is caused by molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) which is a virus of the Poxviridae family. MCV is transmitted mainly by direct contact with infected skin, which can be sexual, non-sexual, or autoinoculation. Clinically, MC presents as firm rounded papules, pink or skin-colored, with a shiny and umbilicated surface. The duration of the lesions is variable, but in most cases, they are self-limited in a period of 6-9 months. The skin lesions may vary in size, shape, and location, which is more frequent in immunosuppressed patients, and could present complications such as eczema and bacterial superinfection. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings. A useful clinical tool is dermoscopy. If the diagnostic doubt persists, confocal microscopy or skin biopsy could be performed. The need for active treatment for MC is controversial; however, there is a consensus that it should be indicated in cases of extensive disease, associated with complications or aesthetic complaints. There are several treatment modalities which include mechanical, chemical, immunomodulatory, and antivirals. The objective of this article is to review the current evidence in etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management alternatives of MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Meza-Romero
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Navarrete-Dechent
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camila Downey
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Teixidó C, Díez O, Marsal JR, Giner-Soriano M, Pera H, Martinez M, Galindo-Ortego G, Schoenenberger JA, Real J, Cruz I, Morros R. Efficacy and safety of topical application of 15% and 10% potassium hydroxide for the treatment of Molluscum contagiosum. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:336-342. [PMID: 29479727 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Molluscum contagiosum is the most common skin infection in children. One topical treatment used for Molluscum contagiosum is potassium hydroxide. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of potassium hydroxide topical treatment at different concentrations with that of placebo in terms of complete clearing of Molluscum contagiosum lesions and to assess the safety and tolerance of potassium hydroxide topical treatment. METHODS This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial of three treatments (potassium hydroxide 10%, potassium hydroxide 15%, placebo) applied once daily up to complete clearing of lesions (maximum duration 60 days) in 53 children aged 2-6 years in primary health care pediatric offices in Catalonia, Spain. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat analysis, potassium hydroxide 10% (58.8%, P = .03) and potassium hydroxide 15% (64.3%, P = .02) had efficacy superior to that of placebo (18.8%). The number of Molluscum contagiosum lesions was significantly reduced with potassium hydroxide 10% and 15%. The main efficacy outcome was achieved in 58.8% of children in the potassium hydroxide 10% group (P = .03 vs placebo) and in 64.3% of children in the potassium hydroxide 15% group (P = .02 vs placebo). Potassium hydroxide 10% and 15% were not significantly different in efficacy from each other. Potassium hydroxide 10% and placebo were better tolerated than potassium hydroxide 15%. No adverse events were reported during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Potassium hydroxide 10% and 15% demonstrated high rates of efficacy in clearing Molluscum contagiosum lesions, with potassium hydroxide 10% being better tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Teixidó
- Centre d'Atenció Primària Rambla Ferran, Institut Català de la Salut, Lleida, Spain
| | - Olga Díez
- Centro de Salud Casablanca, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josep R Marsal
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Unitat d'Epidemiologia del Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Giner-Soriano
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Pera
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Ensayos Clínicos, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Martinez
- Pharmacy Unit, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Joan A Schoenenberger
- Pharmacy Unit, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Real
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain.,Epidemiologia i Salut Pública, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ines Cruz
- Centre d'Atenció Primària Rambla Ferran, Institut Català de la Salut, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rosa Morros
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
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Frauches DDO, Siqueira CCDM, Mata TFDD. Tratamento de Molusco Contagioso em crianças: uma revisão sistemática de literatura. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA DE FAMÍLIA E COMUNIDADE 2017. [DOI: 10.5712/rbmfc12(39)1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: Molusco contagioso é uma infecção cutânea, causada pelo Molluscipox vírus. Diante da inexistência de um tratamento específico, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar, segundo a literatura recente, os melhores métodos de tratamento em crianças imunocompetentes. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura realizada no PubMed, bem como no Lilacs, Scielo, Medline e demais bases de dados abrangidas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), com publicações de 2010 a 2016. Para evitar viés, foram utilizadas recomendações do PRISMA. Critérios do Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine e do sistema GRADE foram usados para classificação do nível de evidência dos estudos. Resultados: Curetagem, laser pulsado de contraste, crioterapia, exérese cirúrgica, KOH 2,5%, 5% e 10%, ácido tricloroacétrico, combinação de ácido lático e ácido salicílico, tretinoína 0,05% apresentaram boa proporção de cura, facilidade de realização e tempo de resolução. Os métodos de injeção intralesional do antígeno da Cândida e da vacina MMR, dieta balanceada, óleo de Malaleuca alternifólia e Ingenol Mebutate 0,05% mostraram-se promissores. Entretanto, cantaridina e imiquimod 5% creme não foram recomendados. Conclusão: As evidências obtidas não permitem indicar um método preferencial. A escolha do método de tratamento deve ser individualizada. Recomenda-se realizar mais pesquisas voltadas para cultura do vírus.
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Nguyen HP, Franz E, Stiegel KR, Hsu S, Tyring SK. Treatment of molluscum contagiosum in adult, pediatric, and immunodeficient populations. J Cutan Med Surg 2017; 18:299-306. [PMID: 25186990 DOI: 10.2310/7750.2013.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molluscum contagiosum is a viral infection of the skin that is widely considered to be a self-resolving disease that can be treated with benign neglect. However, the clinical reality is that the disease can vary widely by anatomic site and by recalcitrance to treatment and remains a significant cause of morbidity worldwide. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to compile an updated resource for clinicians that addresses the management of the broad spectrum of molluscum cases that may be encountered. METHODS A comprehensive PubMed search was performed to identify publications on the treatment of molluscum infection, including presentations that may be rare or difficult. RESULTS The specific clinical scenario of molluscum must be considered when selecting the optimal therapy because certain treatments can be more effective for specific patient subpopulations. CONCLUSION Further attention must be directed toward standardizing treatment for molluscum infection based on patient age and immune status.
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van der Wouden JC, van der Sande R, Kruithof EJ, Sollie A, van Suijlekom‐Smit LWA, Koning S. Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 5:CD004767. [PMID: 28513067 PMCID: PMC6481355 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004767.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molluscum contagiosum is a common skin infection that is caused by a pox virus and occurs mainly in children. The infection usually resolves within months in people without immune deficiency, but treatment may be preferred for social and cosmetic reasons or to avoid spreading the infection. A clear evidence base supporting the various treatments is lacking.This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2006, and updated previously in 2009. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of specific treatments and management strategies, including waiting for natural resolution, for cutaneous, non-genital molluscum contagiosum in people without immune deficiency. SEARCH METHODS We updated our searches of the following databases to July 2016: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS. We searched six trial registers and checked the reference lists of included studies and review articles for further references to relevant randomised controlled trials. We contacted pharmaceutical companies and experts in the field to identify further relevant randomised controlled trials. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials of any treatment of molluscum contagiosum in people without immune deficiency. We excluded trials on sexually transmitted molluscum contagiosum and in people with immune deficiency (including those with HIV infection). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies, assessed methodological quality, and extracted data from selected studies. We obtained missing data from study authors where possible. MAIN RESULTS We found 11 new studies for this update, resulting in 22 included studies with a total of 1650 participants. The studies examined the effects of topical (20 studies) and systemic interventions (2 studies).Among the new included studies were the full trial reports of three large unpublished studies, brought to our attention by an expert in the field. They all provided moderate-quality evidence for a lack of effect of 5% imiquimod compared to vehicle (placebo) on short-term clinical cure (4 studies, 850 participants, 12 weeks after start of treatment, risk ratio (RR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 to 1.93), medium-term clinical cure (2 studies, 702 participants, 18 weeks after start of treatment, RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.14), and long-term clinical cure (2 studies, 702 participants, 28 weeks after start of treatment, RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.17). We found similar but more certain results for short-term improvement (4 studies, 850 participants, 12 weeks after start of treatment, RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.47; high-quality evidence). For the outcome 'any adverse effect', we found high-quality evidence for little or no difference between topical 5% imiquimod and vehicle (3 studies, 827 participants, RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.07), but application site reactions were more frequent in the groups treated with imiquimod (moderate-quality evidence): any application site reaction (3 studies, 827 participants, RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.77, the number needed to treat for an additional harmful outcome (NNTH) was 11); severe application site reaction (3 studies, 827 participants, RR 4.33, 95% CI 1.16 to 16.19, NNTH over 40).For the following 11 comparisons, there was limited evidence to show which treatment was superior in achieving short-term clinical cure (low-quality evidence): 5% imiquimod less effective than cryospray (1 study, 74 participants, RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.78) and 10% potassium hydroxide (2 studies, 67 participants, RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.93); 10% Australian lemon myrtle oil more effective than olive oil (1 study, 31 participants, RR 17.88, 95% CI 1.13 to 282.72); 10% benzoyl peroxide cream more effective than 0.05% tretinoin (1 study, 30 participants, RR 2.20, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.79); 5% sodium nitrite co-applied with 5% salicylic acid more effective than 5% salicylic acid alone (1 study, 30 participants, RR 3.50, 95% CI 1.23 to 9.92); and iodine plus tea tree oil more effective than tea tree oil (1 study, 37 participants, RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.57) or iodine alone (1 study, 37 participants, RR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.50). Although there is some uncertainty, 10% potassium hydroxide appears to be more effective than saline (1 study, 20 participants, RR 3.50, 95% CI 0.95 to 12.90); homeopathic calcarea carbonica appears to be more effective than placebo (1 study, 20 participants, RR 5.57, 95% CI 0.93 to 33.54); 2.5% appears to be less effective than 5% solution of potassium hydroxide (1 study, 25 participants, RR 0.35, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.01); and 10% povidone iodine solution plus 50% salicylic acid plaster appears to be more effective than salicylic acid plaster alone (1 study, 30 participants, RR 1.43, 95% CI 0.95 to 2.16).We found no statistically significant differences for other comparisons (most of which addressed two different topical treatments). We found no randomised controlled trial evidence for expressing lesions or topical hydrogen peroxide.Study limitations included no blinding, many dropouts, and no intention-to-treat analysis. Except for the severe application site reactions of imiquimod, none of the evaluated treatments described above were associated with serious adverse effects (low-quality evidence). Among the most common adverse events were pain during application, erythema, and itching. Included studies of the following comparisons did not report adverse effects: calcarea carbonica versus placebo, 10% povidone iodine plus 50% salicylic acid plaster versus salicylic acid plaster, and 10% benzoyl peroxide versus 0.05% tretinoin.We were unable to judge the risk of bias in most studies due to insufficient information, especially regarding concealment of allocation and possible selective reporting. We considered five studies to be at low risk of bias. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS No single intervention has been shown to be convincingly effective in the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. We found moderate-quality evidence that topical 5% imiquimod was no more effective than vehicle in terms of clinical cure, but led to more application site reactions, and high-quality evidence that there was no difference between the treatments in terms of short-term improvement. However, high-quality evidence showed a similar number of general side effects in both groups. As the evidence found did not favour any one treatment, the natural resolution of molluscum contagiosum remains a strong method for dealing with the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C van der Wouden
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstitutePO Box 7057AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
| | - Renske van der Sande
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of General PracticePO Box 2040Room Ff303RotterdamNetherlands3000 CA
| | - Emma J Kruithof
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstitutePO Box 7057AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
| | - Annet Sollie
- Maison Medical Bel Air154 Avenue Bel AirCarpentrasFrance1084200
| | - Lisette WA van Suijlekom‐Smit
- Erasmus Medical Center ‐ Sophia Children's HospitalDepartment of Paediatrics, Paediatric RheumatologyPO Box 2060RotterdamNetherlands3000 CB
| | - Sander Koning
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of General PracticePO Box 2040Room Ff303RotterdamNetherlands3000 CA
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Harel A, Kutz AM, Hadj-Rabia S, Mashiah J. To Treat Molluscum Contagiosum or Not-Curettage: An Effective, Well-Accepted Treatment Modality. Pediatr Dermatol 2016; 33:640-645. [PMID: 27601304 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral disease primarily affecting children. The objective was to compare the effectiveness of curettage as a treatment modality for MC with no treatment. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of 2,022 children with MC between 2008 and 2012. Epidemiologic, clinical, and treatment data, including effectiveness, safety, and satisfaction, were reviewed. RESULTS Fifty-six percent of the children were 2 to 5 years of age. The duration of the infection was 1 to 2 years for 51%, less than 1 year for 32%, and more than 2 years for 17% of the children. Seventy percent of the children were self-referrals; 86% had had a previous examination and 76% of those had been advised not to treat the infection. The disease was mild (22%), moderate (64%), or severe (14%). A total of 1,879 patients underwent curettage; 70% were cured after one treatment and 26% after two treatments. Satisfaction was high: 97% of children and parents. CONCLUSION Active treatment should be offered despite the fact that MC is self-limiting. Curettage in an appropriate setting is very effective, with high patient satisfaction and fast cure rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avikam Harel
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ana Maria Kutz
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Smail Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Dermatology and Reference Centre for Genodermatoses and Rare Skin Diseases, Institut Imagine, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jacob Mashiah
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Al-Sudany NK, Abdulkareem DR. A comparative study of topical 10% KOH solution and topical 25% podophyllin solution as home-based treatments of molluscum contagiosum. JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY & DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdds.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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16
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Basta-Juzbašić A, Čeović R. Chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma inguinale, genital herpes simplex infection, and molluscum contagiosum. Clin Dermatol 2014; 32:290-8. [PMID: 24559566 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, and granuloma inguinale may be considered as tropical venereal diseases. These diseases were a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in past centuries. Currently, patients with these bacterial infections that are endemic to the tropics occasionally consult with dermatologists in temperate climates. Due to the increasing frequency of travel to the tropics for tourism and work, as well as the increasing number of immigrants from these areas, it is important for dermatologists practicing in temperate climates to be familiar with the dermatologic manifestations of such infections, to be prepared to diagnose these diseases, and to treat these patients. All three "tropical" infections respond well to prompt and appropriate antimicrobial treatment, although herpes progenitalis still cannot be cured, and the number of people infected keeps growing; moreover, genital herpes can be transmitted by viral shedding before and after the visual signs or symptoms. Acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir can shorten outbreaks and make them less severe or even stop them from happening. There is currently no etiologic treatment for molluscum contagiosum, and the majority of treatment options are mechanical, causing a certain degree of discomfort. The molluscum contagiosum virus, unlike the other infectious agents mentioned, does not invade the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Basta-Juzbašić
- University Hospital Center Zagreb, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Romana Čeović
- University Hospital Center Zagreb, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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