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Al-Rubaiey S, Senger C, Bukatz J, Krantchev K, Janas A, Eitner C, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Brandenburg S, Zips D, Vajkoczy P, Acker G. Determinants of cerebral radionecrosis in animal models: A systematic review. Radiother Oncol 2024; 199:110444. [PMID: 39067705 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radionecrosis is a common complication in radiation oncology, while mechanisms and risk factors have yet to be fully explored. We therefore conducted a systematic review to understand the pathogenesis and identify factors that significantly affect the development. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search based on the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science databases. The complete search strategy can be found as a preregistered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42023361662). RESULTS We included 83 studies, most involving healthy animals (n = 72, 86.75 %). High doses of hemispherical irradiation of 30 Gy in rats and 50 Gy in mice led repeatedly to radionecrosis among different studies and set-ups. Higher dose and larger irradiated volume were associated with earlier onset. Fractionated schedules showed limited effectiveness in the prevention of radionecrosis. Distinct anatomical brain structures respond to irradiation in various ways. White matter appears to be more vulnerable than gray matter. Younger age, more evolved animal species, and genetic background were also significant factors, whereas sex was irrelevant. Only 13.25 % of the studies were performed on primary brain tumor bearing animals, no studies on brain metastases are currently available. CONCLUSION This systematic review identified various factors that significantly affect the induction of radionecrosis. The current state of research neglects the utilization of animal models of brain tumors, even though patients with brain malignancies constitute the largest group receiving brain irradiation. This latter aspect should be primarily addressed when developing an experimental radionecrosis model for translational implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaria Al-Rubaiey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Carolin Senger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jan Bukatz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kiril Krantchev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anastasia Janas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Chiara Eitner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Melina Nieminen-Kelhä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Susan Brandenburg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Daniel Zips
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Güliz Acker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1 10117, Berlin, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Otluoglu GD, Yılmaz B, Ekinci G, Bayri Y, Bozkurt SU, Dağçınar A. Pentoxifylline and Vitamin E Can Restrict Radiation Necrosis via Vascular Pathways, Experimental Study in an Animal Model. World Neurosurg 2023; 179:e530-e538. [PMID: 37689362 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiation necrosis (RN) is a long-term side effect of Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery that may require surgical intervention. Pentoxifylline and vitamin E have previously been shown to be effective in the treatment of RN in the published literature, but there are no data on the prophylactic use of these molecules or, more importantly, whether prophylaxis is required. METHODS The iatrogenic RN model included 50 Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes. There were 7 treatment subgroups established. Gamma-Plan 8.32 was used to plan after magnetic resonance scans were performed in a specially designed frame. The injection doses used in the treatment groups were vitamin E (30 mg/kg/day in a single dose) and pentoxifylline (50 mg/kg/day in 2 doses). Control magnetic resonance scans were performed at the end of a 16-week treatment, and the subjects were decapitated for pathological evaluations. RESULTS The intensity of hypoxia - inducible factor 1α immunoreactivity is statistically significantly lower in the therapeutic vitamin E, prophylactic pentoxifylline and vitamin E, and therapeutic pentoxifylline and vitamin E groups than in the other groups. Similarly, the intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was reduced in the therapeutic vitamin E and prophylactic pentoxifylline and vitamin E treatment modality groups. When compared with other groups, the therapeutic pentoxifylline group had significantly fewer vascular endothelial growth factor-immunoreactive cells in the perinecrotic area, with an accompanying decreased contrast enhancement pattern. CONCLUSIONS Both vitamin E and pentoxifylline are effective for the treatment and/or restriction of RN, either alone or in combination. The use of these molecules as a preventive measure did not outperform the therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baran Yılmaz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gazanfer Ekinci
- Department of Radiology, Yeditepe University School Of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Bayri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Healthcare, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süheyla Uyar Bozkurt
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adnan Dağçınar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang Y, Zhu XB, Zhao JC, Gao XF, Zhang XN, Hou K. Neuroprotective effect of resveratrol against radiation after surgically induced brain injury by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis through NRf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22600. [PMID: 32815255 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The impact of resveratrol (RSV) on radiation (RAD)-induced brain injury in rats' brains was investigated. A total of 40 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, RAD, RAD + RSV, and RSV groups, with 10 rats in each group). The results revealed a significant decrease in catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) content. Further, a significant elevation in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and transforming growth factor-β1 levels were observed. Furthermore, decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), increased Bcl-2-associated X, and tumor necrosis factor-α genes expression, decreased nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and increased nuclear factor-κB protein levels were noticed. Also, an apoptosis marker, caspase-3-positive cells, was seen in the hippocampus. Those effects were observed in the RAD group of rats. The treatment of RSV displayed a significant amendment of the studied parameters in the brain tissues of the RAD group of animals. This effect is interrelated to the ability of RSV to scavenge the free radicals, enhance the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, increase GSH contents, and downregulate the inflammatory responses and apoptosis markers in the brain tissues of RAD animals. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities of RSV can improve the antioxidant status and suppress the inflammatory responses and apoptosis in the brain tissues of RAD animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Chuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xian-Feng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Na Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Suckert T, Müller J, Beyreuther E, Azadegan B, Brüggemann A, Bütof R, Dietrich A, Gotz M, Haase R, Schürer M, Tillner F, von Neubeck C, Krause M, Lühr A. High-precision image-guided proton irradiation of mouse brain sub-volumes. Radiother Oncol 2020; 146:205-212. [PMID: 32222488 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Proton radiotherapy offers the potential to reduce normal tissue toxicity. However, clinical safety margins, range uncertainties, and varying relative biological effectiveness (RBE) may result in a critical dose in tumor-surrounding normal tissue. To assess potential adverse effects in preclinical studies, image-guided proton mouse brain irradiation and analysis of DNA damage repair was established. MATERIAL AND METHODS We designed and characterized a setup to shape proton beams with 7 mm range in water and 3 mm in diameter and commissioned a Monte Carlo model for in vivo dose simulation. Cone-beam computed tomography and orthogonal X-ray imaging were used to delineate the right hippocampus and position the mice. The brains of three C3H/HeNRj mice were irradiated with 8 Gy and excised 30 min later. Initial DNA double-strand breaks were visualized by staining brain sections for cell nuclei and γH2AX. Imaged sections were analyzed with an automated and validated processing pipeline to provide a quantitative, spatially resolved radiation damage indicator. RESULTS The analyzed DNA damage pattern clearly visualized the radiation effect in the mouse brains and could be mapped to the simulated dose distribution. The proton beam passed the right hippocampus and stopped in the central brain region for all evaluated mice. CONCLUSION We established image-guided proton irradiation of mouse brains. The clinically oriented workflow facilitates (back-) translational studies. Geometric accuracy, detailed Monte Carlo dose simulations, and cell-based assessment enable a biologically and spatially resolved analysis of radiation response and RBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Suckert
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Johannes Müller
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, Germany
| | - Behnam Azadegan
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Brüggemann
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebecca Bütof
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Malte Gotz
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Haase
- Myers Lab, Max Planck Institute CBG, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany
| | - Falk Tillner
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Cläre von Neubeck
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany; Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany
| | - Armin Lühr
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany; Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, TU Dort-mund University, Germany.
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Rancilio NJ, Dahl S, Athanasiadi I, Perez-Torres CJ. Design, construction, and in vivo feasibility of a positioning device for irradiation of mice brains using a clinical linear accelerator and intensity modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:1321-1326. [PMID: 28980498 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1387305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to design a positioning device that would allow for selective irradiation of the mouse brain with a clinical linear accelerator. METHODS We designed and fabricated an immobilization fixture that incorporates three functions: head stabilizer (through ear bars and tooth bar), gaseous anesthesia delivery and scavenging, and tissue mimic/bolus. Cohorts of five mice were irradiated such that each mouse in the cohort received a unique dose between 1000 and 3000 cGy. DNA damage immunohistochemistry was used to validate an increase in biological effect as a function of radiation dose. Mice were then followed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS There was evidence of DNA damage throughout the brain proportional to radiation dose. Radiation-induced damage at the prescribed doses, as depicted by H&E, appeared to be constrained to the white matter consistent with radiological observation in human patients. The severity of the damage correlated with the radiation dose as expected. CONCLUSIONS We have designed and manufactured a device that allows us to selectively irradiate the mouse brain with a clinical linear accelerator. However, some off-target effects are possible with large prescription doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Rancilio
- a Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Shaun Dahl
- b School of Health Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Ilektra Athanasiadi
- a Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Carlos J Perez-Torres
- b School of Health Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA.,c Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
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Constanzo J, Paquette B, Charest G, Masson-Côté L, Guillot M. Gamma Knife irradiation method based on dosimetric controls to target small areas in rat brains. Med Phys 2015; 42:2311-6. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4916659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Perilesional edema in radiation necrosis reflects axonal degeneration. Radiat Oncol 2015; 10:33. [PMID: 25636531 PMCID: PMC4331301 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-015-0335-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, we characterized a Gamma Knife® radiation necrosis mouse model with various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to identify biomarkers useful in differentiation from tumors. Though the irradiation was focal to one hemisphere, a contralateral injury was observed that appeared to be localized in the white matter only. Interestingly, this injury was identifiable in T2-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) maps, but not on post-contrast T1-weighted images. This observation of edema independent of vascular changes is akin to the perilesional edema seen in clinical radiation necrosis. Findings The pathology underlying the observed white-matter MRI changes was explored by performing immunohistochemistry for healthy axons and myelin. The presence of both healthy axons and myelin was reduced in the contralateral white-matter lesion. Conclusions Based on our immunohistochemical findings, the contralateral white-matter injury is most likely due to axonal degeneration.
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Tillner F, Thute P, Bütof R, Krause M, Enghardt W. Pre-clinical research in small animals using radiotherapy technology – a bidirectional translational approach. Z Med Phys 2014; 24:335-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Bolcaen J, Descamps B, Deblaere K, Boterberg T, De Vos Pharm F, Kalala JP, Van den Broecke C, Decrock E, Leybaert L, Vanhove C, Goethals I. (18)F-fluoromethylcholine (FCho), (18)F-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET), and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the discrimination between high-grade glioma and radiation necrosis in rats: a PET study. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:38-45. [PMID: 25218024 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Discrimination between (high-grade) brain tumor recurrence and radiation necrosis (RN) remains a diagnostic challenge because both entities have similar imaging characteristics on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Metabolic imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET) could overcome this diagnostic dilemma. In this study, we investigated the potential of 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), O-(2-[(18)F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ((18)F-FET), and [(18)F]-Fluoromethyl-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium ((18)F-fluoromethylcholine, (18)F-FCho) PET in discriminating high-grade tumor from RN. METHODS We developed a glioblastoma (GB) rat model by inoculating F98 GB cells into the right frontal region. Induction of RN was achieved by irradiating the right frontal region with 60 Gy using three arcs with a beam aperture of 3×3 mm (n=3). Dynamic PET imaging with (18)F-FDG, (18)F-FET, and (18)F-FCho, as well as (18)F-FDG PET at a delayed time interval (240 min postinjection), was acquired. RESULTS MRI revealed contrast-enhancing tumors at 15 days after inoculation (n=4) and contrast-enhancing RN lesions 5-6 months postirradiation (n=3). On (18)F-FDG PET, the mean lesion-to-normal ratio (LNRmean) was significantly higher in GB than in RN (p=0.034). The difference in the LNRmean between tumors and RN was higher on the late (18)F-FDG PET images than on the PET images reconstructed from the last time frame of the dynamic acquisition (this is at a conventional time interval). LNRs obtained from (18)F-FCho PET were not significantly different between GB and RN (p=1.000). On (18)F-FET PET, the LNRmean was significantly higher in GB compared to RN (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS Unlike (18)F-FCho, (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FET PET were effective in discriminating GB from RN. Interestingly, in the case of (18)F-FDG, delayed PET seems particularly useful. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Our results suggest that (delayed) (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FET PET can be used to discriminate GB (recurrence) from RN. Confirmation of these results in clinical studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Descamps
- iMinds Medical IT - MEDISIP - Infinity lab, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel Deblaere
- Department of Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Boterberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Elke Decrock
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences-Physiology group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Leybaert
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences-Physiology group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- iMinds Medical IT - MEDISIP - Infinity lab, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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Ji S, Tian Y, Lu Y, Sun R, Ji J, Zhang L, Duan S. Irradiation-induced hippocampal neurogenesis impairment is associated with epigenetic regulation of bdnf gene transcription. Brain Res 2014; 1577:77-88. [PMID: 25020123 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is often employed for the treatment of head and neck cancer. Unfortunately, its neurotoxic effects on normal brain tissue often compromise the quality of life (QOL) for survivors. Particularly, acute cognitive deficit (ACD), which can occur several days to one month after irradiation, limits its therapeutic use. Impairment of neurogenesis in the hippocampus plays a key role in the development of radiation-induced cognitive deficit, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be involved. In the present study, we re-evaluated the effects of different doses of radiation on the development of ACD in Sprague Dawley rats. Our results showed that 30 Gy, but not 2 Gy or 10 Gy of whole brain radiation (WBI), led to significant deficits in cognitive functions at one month post-irradiation. At 7 and 30 days post-irradiation, immunofluorescence showed WBI had seriously impeded the production of new neurons and shortened their survival time. Additionally, decreased bdnf mRNA and protein expression were also observed. A significant decrease in histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)-dependent H3 acetylation was observed at bdnf promoters by ChIP analysis. TSA, an HDAC inhibitor, triggered bdnf transcription and rescued neurogenesis impairment following WBI. In summary, our results suggest that a single-dose exposure to 30 Gy WBI induced acute cognitive dysfunction in rats. Additionally, radiation-induced persistent inhibition of bdnf gene transcription resulting from lowered rates of HDAC1-dependent H3 acetylation was associated with long-term impairment of neurogenesis in the denate gyrus (DG). Triggering of BDNF-TrkB signaling by inhibition of HDAC-1 may be used to stimulate neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.
| | - Yi Lu
- The Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No. 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Jianfeng Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- The Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No. 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Radio-neuroprotective effect of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) in an experimental rat model. J Neurooncol 2014; 119:253-61. [PMID: 24880750 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation plays a major role in the treatment of brain tumors, but side-effects may restrict the efficacy of therapy. In the present study, our goals were to establish whether the administration of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) can moderate or prevent any of the irradiation-induced functional and morphological changes in a rodent model of hippocampus irradiation. Anesthetized adult (6-weeks-old) male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 40 Gy irradiation of one hemisphere of the brain, without or with GPC treatment (50 mg/kg bw by gavage), the GPC treatment continuing for 4 months. The effects of this partial rat brain irradiation on the spatial orientation and learning ability of the rats were assessed with the repeated Morris water maze (MWM) test. Histopathologic (HP) evaluation based on hematoxylin-eosin and Luxol blue staining was performed 4 months after irradiation. The 40 Gy irradiation resulted in a moderate neurological deficit at the levels of both cognitive function and morphology 4 months after the irradiation. The MWM test proved to be a highly sensitive tool for the detection of neurofunctional impairment. The site navigation of the rats was impaired by the irradiation, but the GPC treatment markedly decreased the cognitive impairment. HP examination revealed lesser amounts of macrophage density, reactive gliosis, calcification and extent of demyelination in the GPC-treated group. GPC treatment led to significant protection against the cognitive decline and cellular damage, evoked by focal brain irradiation at 40 Gy dose level. Our study warrants further research on the protective or mitigating effects of GPC on radiation injuries.
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Tőkés T, Varga G, Garab D, Nagy Z, Fekete G, Tuboly E, Plangár I, Mán I, Szabó RE, Szabó Z, Volford G, Ghyczy M, Kaszaki J, Boros M, Hideghéty K. Peripheral inflammatory activation after hippocampus irradiation in the rat. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 90:1-6. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2013.836617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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