1
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Liu Y, Cao Z, Wei G. Effects of photodynamic therapy using Red LED-light combined with hypocrellin B on apoptotic signaling in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103683. [PMID: 37390854 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has been demonstrating yearly increases. cSCC is a malignant cancer and exerts a major impact on patients' health and quality of life. Thus, the development and use of novel therapies in the treatment of cSCC are needed. It has been reported that LED photodynamic therapy (LED PDT) mediated by Hypocrellin B and its derivatives, a second-generation photosensitizer, can induce apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells, However, its potential pro-apoptotic effects on cSCC have yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the pro-apoptotic effects and molecular mechanisms of HB-LED PDT in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells (Subsequent abbreviation A431 cells). Such information can provide an important theoretical foundation for the clinical translation of HB-LED PDT in the treatment of cSCC. METHODS 1. Effects of HB on A431 cells were determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, which method can indirectly reflect the number of living cells. In this way, this assay can then provide a means to identify the optimal concentrations of HB required for the induction of apoptosis in A431 cells. 2. The effects of HB-LED PDT on the morphology of A431 cells and changes in the nuclei after Hoechst33342 staining as determined using inverted fluorescent microscopy. 3. Use of the Annexin V-FITC test kit to detect levels of apoptosis in A431 cells in response to treatment with HB. Changes in reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential following HB-LED PDT treatment in A431 cells were determined using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). 4. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot were applied to assess changes in several key factors involved in apoptosis including Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, at both transcription and translation levels. With these assays, it was possible to investigate the apoptotic signaling pathway in A431 cells in response to HB-LED PDT. RESULTS HB-LED PDT inhibited proliferation activity and promoted nuclear fragmentation within these A431 cells. HB-LED PDT inhibited mitochondrial activity, increased reactive oxygen species production, and promoted apoptosis of A431 cells. In addition, several key factors in the apoptotic signaling pathway were increased at both the transcriptional and translational levels in A431 cells in response to the HB-LED PDT, indicating that the apoptotic signaling pathway was activated by HB-LED PDT. CONCLUSION HB-LED PDT induces apoptosis in A431 cells through a mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Such findings serve as an important foundation for the development of new approaches in the treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Dajie Street, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Dajie Street, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Dajie Street, Jinan 250033, China.
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2
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Kiefer A, Arnholdt M, Grimm V, Geske L, Groß J, Vierengel N, Opatz T, Erkel G. Structure elucidation and biological activities of perylenequinones from an Alternaria species. Mycotoxin Res 2023:10.1007/s12550-023-00495-1. [PMID: 37351768 PMCID: PMC10393905 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The KEAP1-Nrf2/ARE pathway is a pivotal cytoprotective regulator against oxidative stress which plays an important role in the development of many inflammatory diseases and cancer. Activation of the Nrf2 transcription factor by oxidative stress or electrophiles regulates antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent transcription of antioxidative, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory proteins. Therefore, modulators of the KEAP1-Nrf2/ARE pathway have received considerable interest as therapeutics to protect against diseases where oxidative stress constitutes the underlying pathophysiology. In a search for fungal secondary metabolites affecting the Nrf2/ARE-dependent expression of a luciferase reporter gene in BEAS-2B cells, three new perylenequinones, compounds 1, 2, and 3, together with altertoxin-I (ATX-I), were isolated from fermentations of an Alternaria species. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Compound 1 and ATX-I exhibited strong cytotoxic effects with LC50-values of 3.8 µM and 6.43 µM, respectively, whereas compound 3 showed no cytotoxic effects up to 100 µM on BEAS-2B cells. ATX-I induced ARE-dependent luciferase expression approximately fivefold and compound 1 approximately 2.6-fold at a concentration of 3 µM in transiently transfected BEAS-2B cells. In addition, compound 1 and ATX-I exhibited strong oxidative effects, whereas compound 3 did not show significant oxidative properties. For compound 1 and ATX-I, a strong upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 could be observed on mRNA and protein level in treated BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, compound 3 significantly decreased sod3 mRNA levels after induction of oxidative stress with benzoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kiefer
- Molecular Biotechnology & Systems Biology, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marcel Arnholdt
- Molecular Biotechnology & Systems Biology, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Viktoria Grimm
- Molecular Biotechnology & Systems Biology, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Leander Geske
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonathan Groß
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nina Vierengel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Erkel
- Molecular Biotechnology & Systems Biology, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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3
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George BP, Abrahamse H. Light-Activated Phytochemicals in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: A Mini Review. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:734-741. [PMID: 36395087 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a serious life-threatening disease often thought of as a deadly and painful disease with no permanent cure. With the advancement of medical science, there have been several clinically approved treatment options developed over the past decade. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one such approved minimally invasive light-based therapeutic option for many cancers. Selection of a suitable photosensitizer (PS) is an important step in PDT for improved therapeutic outcomes. Efforts to discover more efficient PSs continue for optimal PDT. Objective: This review discusses the available natural PS of plant origin, the role of phytochemicals in the application of PDT of cancer, specific localization of PS in various cell organelles, and photochemical reactions. Materials and methods: Owing to the substantial side effects, many biomedical research fields are currently focusing on natural compounds with chemotherapeutic potential with environmentally sustainable green approaches. Medicinal plant extracts have been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments. Plants are a natural source of many bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potential and there have been some efforts made to discover potential new compounds from plants with photosensitizing properties for effective PDT outcomes. Results and conclusions: The PDT application in the current scenario raises some questions, such as most effective PS, its administration, the time of irradiation, light source, sensitivity of cells toward PS, and so forth. PDT effects can be direct or indirect. Owing to the direct effect of the PDT, most of the tumoral mass is destroyed. In the cancer cells that were not directly affected, secondary effects such as vascular effects, apoptosis induction, inflammation, and generation of an immune response may occur; however, the complex nature of PDT tissue response is not fully established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blassan P George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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4
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GPR37 promotes cancer growth by binding to CDK6 and represents a new theranostic target in lung adenocarcinoma. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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5
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Huang Z, Zhang F, Tang Y, Wen Y, Wu Z, Fang Z, Tian X. Rapid Degradation of Rhodamine B through Visible-Photocatalytic Advanced Oxidation Using Self-Degradable Natural Perylene Quinone Derivatives-Hypocrellins. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070307. [PMID: 35877358 PMCID: PMC9312347 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypocrellins (HYPs) are natural perylene quinone derivatives from Ascomycota fungi. Based on the excellent photosensitization properties of HYPs, this work proposed a photocatalytic advanced oxidation process (PAOP) that uses HYPs to degrade rhodamine B (RhB) as a model organic pollutant. A synergistic activity of HYPs and H2O2 (0.18 mM of HYPs, 0.33% w/v of H2O2) was suggested, resulting in a yield of 82.4% for RhB degradation after 60 min under visible light irradiation at 470−475 nm. The principle of pseudo-first-order kinetics was used to describe the decomposition reaction with a calculated constant (k) of 0.02899 min−1 (R2 = 0.983). Light-induced self-degradation of HYPs could be activated under alkaline (pH > 7) conditions, promising HYPs as an advanced property to alleviate the current dilemma of secondary pollution by synthetic photocatalysts in the remediation of emerging organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, South China University of Technology, 8 Fushan Road, Fushan Industrial Park, Zhuhai 519100, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China;
| | - Yanbo Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, South China University of Technology, 8 Fushan Road, Fushan Industrial Park, Zhuhai 519100, China
| | - Yongdi Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhen Fang
- Biomass Group, Faculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (X.T.)
| | - Xiaofei Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, South China University of Technology, 8 Fushan Road, Fushan Industrial Park, Zhuhai 519100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (X.T.)
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6
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Yuan Z, Lu L, Liu X, Zhu X, Wang L, Liu C, Rao Y. Cercosporin-bioinspired photoinactivation of harmful cyanobacteria under natural sunlight via bifunctional mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 215:118242. [PMID: 35259559 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs), mainly caused by eutrophication, have deleterious impacts on water resources and pose a great threat to human health and natural ecosystems. Thus, an environmentally-friendly method to inhibit HCBs is urgently needed. Learning from nature, herein, natural product cercosporin, produced by the fungi Cercospora to damage plant cells under natural sunlight, was developed as a powerful photosensitive algicidal reagent to inhibit HCBs. Microcystis aeruginosa could be severely inactivated by 20 μM cercosporin in 36 h with 95% inhibition ratio under 23 W compact fluorescent light irradiation. Further mechanism investigation showed that algal cell walls and membranes along with the antioxidant and photosynthetic systems were damaged via two mechanisms, those being, reactive oxygen species generation and cell adsorption. More importantly, the practical applicability of cercosporin was demonstrated by its effectiveness in a 2 L-scale photoinactivation experiment using cyanobacterial blooms from Taihu Lake, China under natural sunlight with a lower dosage of cercosporin (7.5 μM). This study established the bifunctional mechanisms by which cercosporin inactivates HCBs, opening design possibilities for the development of novel photosensitive algicidal reagents to control HCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhenbo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Liushen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xuanzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Changmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yijian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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7
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Al Subeh ZY, Waldbusser AL, Raja HA, Pearce CJ, Ho KL, Hall MJ, Probert MR, Oberlies NH, Hematian S. Structural Diversity of Perylenequinones Is Driven by Their Redox Behavior. J Org Chem 2022. [PMID: 35077640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellins and hypomycins are two subclasses of fungal perylenequinones with unique structural, biological, and photochemical properties. With the growing interest in these naturally occurring photosensitizers, more studies were warranted to better understand the structural relationships between these two subclasses of perylenequinones. In this study, the long-postulated biosynthetic precursor (7) of class B fungal perylenequinones was isolated and characterized from a Shiraia-like sp. (strain MSX60519). Furthermore, the electrochemical and chemical redox behaviors of hypocrellins and hypomycins were investigated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These studies served to define the structural relationship within hypocrellins (1-3), which was further supported by X-ray crystallography, and between hypocrellins and hypomycins (4-6). Chemical reductions of hypocrellins under anaerobic conditions identified the origin of hypomycin A (4), hypomycin C (5), and hypomycin E (6), which in turn served to confirm 4 and revise the absolute configurations of 5 and 6. Hypocrellins were shown to undergo reversible reduction and reoxidation under aerobic conditions, while in an anaerobic environment and longer time scale, the fully reduced form can, to some extent, undergo an intramolecular ring closing metathesis. This may impart a means of reductive pathway for self-protection against these phototoxins and explain the chemical diversity observed in the fungal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Amy L Waldbusser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Cedric J Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Kin Lok Ho
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Hall
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Shabnam Hematian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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8
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Some Natural Photosensitizers and Their Medicinal Properties for Use in Photodynamic Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041192. [PMID: 35208984 PMCID: PMC8879555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in early diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapy for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer. This therapy uses a combination of a photosensitizer (PS), light irradiation of appropriate length and molecular oxygen. The photodynamic effect kills cancer cells through apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy of tumor cells. PDT is a promising approach for eliminating various cancers but is not yet as widely applied in therapy as conventional chemotherapy. Currently, natural compounds with photosensitizing properties are being discovered and identified. A reduced toxicity to healthy tissues and a lower incidence of side effects inspires scientists to seek natural PS for PDT. In this review, several groups of compounds with photoactive properties are presented. The use of natural products has been shown to be a fruitful approach in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. This review focused on the anticancer activity of furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, tolyporphins, curcumins, alkaloid and anthraquinones in relation to the light-absorbing properties. Attention will be paid to their phototoxic and anti-cancer effects on various types of cancer.
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9
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Al Subeh ZY, Waldbusser AL, Raja HA, Pearce CJ, Ho KL, Hall MJ, Probert MR, Oberlies NH, Hematian S. Structural Diversity of Perylenequinones Is Driven by Their Redox Behavior. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2697-2710. [PMID: 35077640 PMCID: PMC8898278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Hypocrellins and
hypomycins are two subclasses of fungal perylenequinones
with unique structural, biological, and photochemical properties.
With the growing interest in these naturally occurring photosensitizers,
more studies were warranted to better understand the structural relationships
between these two subclasses of perylenequinones. In this study, the
long-postulated biosynthetic precursor (7) of class B
fungal perylenequinones was isolated and characterized from a Shiraia-like sp. (strain MSX60519). Furthermore, the electrochemical
and chemical redox behaviors of hypocrellins and hypomycins were investigated
under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These studies served to define
the structural relationship within hypocrellins (1–3), which was further supported by X-ray crystallography,
and between hypocrellins and hypomycins (4–6). Chemical reductions of hypocrellins under anaerobic conditions
identified the origin of hypomycin A (4), hypomycin C
(5), and hypomycin E (6), which in turn
served to confirm 4 and revise the absolute configurations
of 5 and 6. Hypocrellins were shown to undergo
reversible reduction and reoxidation under aerobic conditions, while
in an anaerobic environment and longer time scale, the fully reduced
form can, to some extent, undergo an intramolecular ring closing metathesis.
This may impart a means of reductive pathway for self-protection against
these phototoxins and explain the chemical diversity observed in the
fungal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y. Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Amy L. Waldbusser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Kin Lok Ho
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Hall
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Shabnam Hematian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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da Fonseca ADS, Mencalha AL, de Paoli F. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Acinetobacter baumannii. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102430. [PMID: 34233224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has emerged as a pathogen of global importance able to cause opportunistic infections on the skin, urinary tract, lungs, and bloodstream, being frequently involved in hospital outbreaks. Such bacterium can resist a variety of environmental conditions and develop resistance to different classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been considered a promising approach to overcome bacterial resistance once it does not cause selective environmental pressure on bacteria. In this review, studies on aPDT were accessed on PubMed, and their findings were summarized regarding its efficacy against A. baumannii. The data obtained from the literature show that exogenous photosensitizers belonging to different chemical classes are effective against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains. However, most of such data is from in vitro studies, and additional studies are necessary to evaluate if the exogenous photosensitizers may induce selective pressure on A. baumannii and the effectiveness of such photosensitizers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25964004, Brazil.
| | - Andre Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer - s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
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11
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B against SARS-CoV-2 infection? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102297. [PMID: 33892181 PMCID: PMC8057054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Li Y, Xu Y, Liao Q, Xie M, Tao H, Wang HL. Synergistic effect of hypocrellin B and curcumin on photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:692-707. [PMID: 33465291 PMCID: PMC7936292 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) serves as a new approach to control the growth of foodborne bacteria. It remains elusive if the photodynamic efficacy of hypocrellin B (HB) can be potentiated by joint action with curcumin. In this study, we measured the survival rate of Staphylococcus aureus strains under the varying photodynamic conditions. According to our data, a maximum of 5–6 log10 decrease of bacterial survival can be achieved under the tested conditions (500 nM, 9 J cm‒2). Regarding the bactericidal mechanisms, HB‐based aPDI disrupted the membrane integrity of staphylococcal cells, probably owing to the stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, aPDI disrupted the enzymatic activities of bacterial antioxidant proteins and caused the leakage of multiple intracellular substances. The HB‐mediated photodynamic efficacy was potentiated by the addition of curcumin with a sublethal dose. This dual‐photon synergy arose from unique aPDI conditions (100 nM each and 9 J cm‒2). The synergistic action might be accounted for by the increased type I/type II ratio of ROS, as evidenced by the effect of different quenchers. Finally, the joint use of photosensitizers reduced the microbial contamination of the tested apple while maintaining its quality. In summary, photodynamic inactivation based on dual photons showed synergistic activity in controlling the growth of Staphylococcal aureus, which provided a novel approach to maintain food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Qiaoming Liao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Mengmeng Xie
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Han Tao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, China
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Al Subeh ZY, Raja HA, Monro S, Flores-Bocanegra L, El-Elimat T, Pearce CJ, McFarland SA, Oberlies NH. Enhanced Production and Anticancer Properties of Photoactivated Perylenequinones. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2490-2500. [PMID: 32786877 PMCID: PMC7493285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellins and hypomycins are naturally occurring fungal perylenequinones with potential photodynamic activity against cancer and microbial diseases. This project pursued three lines of research. First, the production of perylenequinones was enhanced by investigating the effect of culture medium and light exposure on their biosynthesis. Solid-fermentation cultures on rice medium allowed for enhanced production of hypocrellins as compared to Cheerios or oatmeal medium. Alternatively, increased production of hypomycins, which are structurally related to the hypocrellins, was observed on oatmeal medium. In both cases, light exposure was an essential factor for the enhanced biosynthesis. In addition, this led to the discovery of two new perylenequinones, ent-shiraiachrome A (5) and hypomycin E (8), which were elucidated based on spectroscopic data. Finally, the photocytotoxic effects of both classes of compounds were evaluated against human skin melanoma, with EC50 values at nanomolar levels for hypocrellins and micromolar levels for hypomycins. In contrast, both classes of compounds showed reduced dark toxicity (EC50 values >100 μM), demonstrating promising phototherapeutic indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y. Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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14
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Chi YF, Qin JJ, Li Z, Ge Q, Zeng WH. Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-gold nanoparticles-mediated photodynamic therapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2020; 53:e8457. [PMID: 32348428 PMCID: PMC7205413 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20208457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the conjugation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) could enhance the anti-tumor efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in epidermoid carcinoma cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell viability, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, transwell invasion assay, and migration assay, respectively. Singlet oxygen generation was detected by the singlet oxygen sensor green reagent assay. Our results showed that PDT with 5-ALA and GNPs-conjugated 5-ALA (5-ALA-GNPs) significantly suppressed cell viability, increased cell apoptosis and singlet oxygen generation in both HaCat and A431 cells, and PDT with 5-ALA and 5-ALA-GNPs had more profound effects in A431 cells than that in HaCat cells. More importantly, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment potentiated the effects of PDT on cell viability, cell apoptosis, and singlet oxygen generation in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. Further in vitro assays showed that PDT with 5-ALA-GNPs significantly decreased expression of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax in A431 cells compared with PDT with 5-ALA. In addition, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of PDT on cell invasion and migration and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. In conclusion, our results suggested that GNPs conjugated to 5-ALA significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of PDT in A431 cells, which may represent a better strategy to improve the outcomes of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-fei Chi
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing-jing Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Forest Industry Worker Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qin Ge
- Department of Dermatology, Jingmen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Wei-hui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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15
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Niu T, Tian Y, Wang G, Guo G, Tong Y, Shi Y. Inhibition of ROS-NF-κB-dependent autophagy enhances Hypocrellin A united LED red light-induced apoptosis in squamous carcinoma A431 cells. Cell Signal 2020; 69:109550. [PMID: 32007528 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a type of malignant skin tumor derived from epidermal Malpighian cells. Photodynamic therapy is regarded as a crucial method in oncology. Hypocrellin A (HA), an efficient natural photosensitizer, has been reported to exert excellent light induced antiviral, antimicrobial and anticancer activity through mediating multiple signaling pathways. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of HA united red light irradiation on human squamous carcinoma A431 cells and further reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that synergistic treatment of HA and red light irradiation inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, HA united red light irradiation caused a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induced the activation of c-Jun NH 2 terminal kinases (JNKs) which was inhibited by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, HA united red light irradiation activated the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, and inhibition of NF-κB activity exacerbated HA united red light irradiation-induced apoptosis but suppressed cell autophagy. In addition, the inhibition of autophagy promoted HA united red light irradiation-induced apoptosis and facilitated the NF-κB activity. Over all, our results revealed that HA united red light irradiation could inhibit A431 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and autophagy via the activation of the ROS mediated JNK and NF-κB pathways, providing prospective for HA as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Niu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyun Wang
- Aviation Medicine Research Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjin Guo
- Aviation Medicine Research Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
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16
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Otieno W, Liu C, Deng H, Li J, Zeng X, Ji Y. Hypocrellin B-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation of Gram-Positive Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: An In Vitro Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:36-42. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woodvine Otieno
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hong Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
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17
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Jiang Y, Xu C, Leung W, Lin M, Cai X, Guo H, Zhang J, Yang F. Role of Exosomes in Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:6815-6824. [PMID: 31533597 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190918122221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative treatment for malignancies based on photochemical reaction induced by Photosensitizers (PS) under light irradiation. Recent studies show that PDT caused the abundant release of exosomes from tumor tissues. It is well-known that exosomes as carriers play an important role in cell-cell communication through transporting many kinds of bioactive molecules (e.g. lipids, proteins, mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA). Therefore, to explore the role of exosomes in photodynamic anticancer therapy has been attracting significant attention. In the present paper, we will briefly introduce the basic principle of PDT and exosomes, and focus on discussing the role of exosomes in photodynamic anticancer therapy, to further enrich and boost the development of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Wingnang Leung
- Division of Chinese Medicine, School of Professional and Continuing Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Xiaowen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Huanhuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen 518017, China
| | - Fanwen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
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18
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Liu Y, Bai H, Wang H, Wang X, Liu Q, Zhang K, Wang P. Comparison of hypocrellin B-mediated sonodynamic responsiveness between sensitive and multidrug-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2018; 46:15-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10396-018-0899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Mastrangelopoulou M, Grigalavicius M, Berg K, Ménard M, Theodossiou TA. Cytotoxic and Photocytotoxic Effects of Cercosporin on Human Tumor Cell Lines. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:387-396. [PMID: 30107033 DOI: 10.1111/php.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cercosporin is a naturally occurring perylenequinone. Although other perylenequinones have been extensively studied as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of cancer (PDT), cercosporin has been studied in this light only within the remits of phytopathology. Herein, we investigated the photocytotoxicity of cercosporin against two glioblastoma multiforme (T98G and U87) and one breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) human cell lines. Cercosporin was found to be a potent singlet oxygen producer upon 532 nm excitation, while its cell loading was similar for MCF7 and U87, but approximately threefold higher for T98G cells. The subcellular localization of cercosporin was in all cases in both mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Light irradiation of cercosporin-incubated cells around 450 nm showed that T98G cells were more susceptible to cercosporin PDT, mainly due to their higher cercosporin uptake. Metabolic studies before and 1 h following cercosporin PDT showed that cercosporin PDT instigated a bioenergetic collapse in both the respiratory and glycolytic activities of all cell lines. In the dark, cercosporin exhibited a synergistic cytotoxicity with copper only in the most respiratory cell lines (MCF7 and T98G). Cercosporin is a potent photosensitizer, but with a short activation wavelength, mostly suitable for superficial PDT treatments, especially when it is necessary to avoid perforations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mastrangelopoulou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mantas Grigalavicius
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Berg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathilde Ménard
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theodossis A Theodossiou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Gao Y, Shi L, Cao Z, Zhu X, Li F, Wang R, Xu J, Zhong J, Zhang B, Lu S. Telocinobufagin inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/Snail signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7837-7845. [PMID: 29725474 PMCID: PMC5920466 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocinobufagin (TBG), an active ingredient of Venenumbufonis, exhibits an immunomodulatory activity. However, its antimetastatic activity in breast cancer remains unknown. The present study investigated whether TBG prevents breast cancer metastasis and evaluated its regulatory mechanism. TBG inhibited the migration and invasion of 4T1 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, TBG triggered the collapse of F-actin filaments in breast cancer. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, vimentin and fibronectin, were downregulated following TBG treatment. However, E-cadherin was upregulated following TBG treatment. Snail, a crucial transcriptional factor of EMT, was downregulated following TBG treatment. Signaling pathway markers, including phosphorylated protein kinase B (P-Akt), p-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), were decreased following TBG treatment. The same results were obtained from in vivo experiments. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that TBG inhibited migration, invasion and EMT via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/ERK/Snail signaling pathway in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Xuetao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Ruyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jinyuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jinyi Zhong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Key Clinical Specialty for Pathology of Shandong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Shijun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Key Clinical Specialty for Pathology of Shandong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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21
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Hu Y, Zhang C, Li S, Jiao Y, Qi T, Wei G, Han G. Effects of Photodynamic Therapy Using Yellow LED-light with Concomitant Hypocrellin B on Apoptotic Signaling in Keloid Fibroblasts. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:319-326. [PMID: 28367096 PMCID: PMC5370439 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a common and refractory disease characterized by abnormal fibroblast proliferation and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components. Hypocrellin B (HB) is a natural perylene quinone photosensitizer. In this experiment, we studied the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using yellow light from light-emitting diode (LED) combined with HB on keloid fibroblasts (KFB) in vitro. Our results showed that HB-LED PDT treatment induced significant KFB apoptosis and decreased KFB cell viability. HB-LED PDT treatment lead to significant BAX upregulation and BCL-2 downregulation in KFB cells, which led to elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ and activation of caspase-3. Our data provides preliminary evidence for the potential of HB-LED PDT as a therapeutic strategy for keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Hu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Jiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Tonggang Qi
- Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Gangwen Han
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China.; Department of Dermatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
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22
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Jia Y, Wang X, Liu Q, Leung AW, Wang P, Xu C. Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B triggers cell apoptoisis of breast cancer cells involving caspase pathway. ULTRASONICS 2017; 73:154-161. [PMID: 27657480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B on human breast cancer cells and further explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The cell viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Alterations on cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA fragmentation was analyzed by flow cytometer. The subcellular localization of hypocrellin B was assessed by a confocal laser scanning microscope. Mitochondria damage and nuclear morphological changes were observed under a fluorescence microscope. To further explore whether caspase pathway was involved in cell apoptotic induction of sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B, the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp (ome)-Fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk) was added to the cells one hour prior to loading the sonosensitizer, and then cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after hypocrellin B treatment. RESULTS Sonodynamic treatment of hypocrellin B HB significantly suppressed cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B caused excessive ROS accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis, DNA fragmentation and nuclear morphological damage. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis induced by sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B were remarkably rescued by the caspase spectrum inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that hypocrellin B had significant sonodynamic killing and apoptotic induction effect on breast cancer cells. And cell apoptosis induced by sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B was partly dependent on caspase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Jia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Ji YY, Ma YJ, Wang JW. Cytoprotective role of nitric oxide in HepG2 cell apoptosis induced by hypocrellin B photodynamic treatment. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Wu J, Xiao Q, Zhang N, Xue C, Leung AW, Zhang H, Tang QJ, Xu C. Palmatine hydrochloride mediated photodynamic inactivation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells: Effectiveness and mechanism of action. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:133-8. [PMID: 27444887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the commonest malignant tumors threatening to women. The present study aims to investigate the effect of photodynamic action of palmatine hydrochloride (PaH), a naturally occurring photosensitizer isolated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Firstly, cellular uptake of PaH in MCF-7 cells was measured and the cytotoxicity of PaH itself on breast cancer MCF-7 cells was estimated using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Subcellular localization of PaH in MCF-7 cells was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). For photodynamic treatment, MCF-7 cells were incubated with PaH and then irradiated by visible light (470nm) from a LED light source. Photocytotoxicity was investigated 24h after photodynamic treatment using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed 18h after photodynamic treatment using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Nuclear was stained using Hoechst 33342 and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied by measuring the fluorescence of 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) using a flow cytometry. Results showed that PaH treatment alone had no or minimum cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells after incubation for 24h in the dark. After incubation for 40min, the cellular uptake of PaH reached to the maximum, and PaH mainly located in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum of MCF-7 cells. Photodynamic treatment of PaH demonstrated a significant photocytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells, induced remarkable cell apoptosis and significantly increased intracellular ROS level. Our findings demonstrated that PaH as a naturally occurring photosensitizer induced cell apoptosis and significantly killed MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing-Juan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Wu J, Xiao Q, Zhang N, Xue C, Leung AW, Zhang H, Xu C, Tang QJ. Photodynamic action of palmatine hydrochloride on colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:53-8. [PMID: 27181460 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Palmatine hydrochloride (PaH) is a natural active compound from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The present study aims to evaluate the effect of PaH as a new photosensitizer on colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells upon light irradiation. Firstly, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of PaH were measured using a UV-vis spectrophotometer and RF-1500PC spectrophotometer, respectively. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) production of PaH was determined using 1, 3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Dark toxicity of PaH was estimated using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular uptake of PaH in HT-29 cells was detected at different time intervals. Subellular localization of PaH in HT-29 cells was observed using confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. For photodynamic treatment, HT-29 cells were incubated with PaH and then irradiated by visible light (470nm) from a LED light source. Photocytotoxicity was investigated 24h after photodynamic treatment using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was observed 18h after photodynamic treatment using a flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Results showed that PaH has an absorption peak in the visible region from 400nm to 500nm and a fluorescence emission peak at 406nm with an excitation wavelength of 365nm. PaH was activated by the 470nm visible light from a LED light source to produce (1)O2. Dark toxicity showed that PaH alone treatment had no cytotoxicity to HT-29 cancer cells and NIH-3T3 normal cells after incubation for 24h. After incubation for 40min, the cellular uptake of PaH reached to the maximum and PaH was located in mitochondria. Photodynamic treatment of PaH demonstrated a significant photocytotoxicity on HT-29 cells. The rate of cell death increased significantly in a PaH concentration-dependent and light dose-dependent manner. Further evaluation revealed that the early and late apoptotic rate of HT-29 cells increased remarkably up to 21.54% and 5.39% after photodynamic treatment of PaH at the concentration of 5μM and energy density of 10.8J/cm(2). Our findings demonstrated that PaH as a naturally occurring photosensitizer has potential in photodynamic therapy on colon adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qing-Juan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China.
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Chang JE, Cho HJ, Yi E, Kim DD, Jheon S. Hypocrellin B and paclitaxel-encapsulated hyaluronic acid-ceramide nanoparticles for targeted photodynamic therapy in lung cancer. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:113-21. [PMID: 26967521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To increase the therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating lung cancer, we developed both photosensitizer and anticancer drug encapsulated hyaluronic acid-ceramide nanoparticles. Based on our previous study, a co-delivery system of photosensitizers and anticancer agents greatly improves the therapeutic effect of PDT. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid-ceramide-based nanoparticles are ideal targeting carriers for lung cancer. In vitro phototoxicity in A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) cells and in vivo antitumor efficacy in A549 tumor-bearing mice treated with hypocrellin B (HB)-loaded nanoparticles (HB-NPs) or hypocrellin B and paclitaxel loaded nanoparticles (HB-P-NPs) were evaluated. Cell viability assay, microscopic analysis and FACS analysis were performed for the in vitro studies and HB-P-NPs showed enhanced phototoxicity compared with HB-NPs. In the animal study, the tumor volume change and the histological analysis was studied and the anticancer efficacy improved in the order of free HB<HB-NPs<HB-P-NPs. In conclusion, the combination therapy of PDT and chemotherapy, and hyaluronic acid-ceramide nanoparticle-based targeted delivery improved the effects of PDT in lung cancer in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjue Yi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jheon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Sinoporphyrin sodium mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits the migration associated with collapse of F-actin filaments cytoskeleton in MDA-MB-231 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 13:58-65. [PMID: 26742781 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously demonstrated that the photosensitizer sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) had potential advantages in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. However, details regarding the mechanism of cell migration inhibition remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of DVDMS-PDT on F-actin filaments, cell migration, apoptotic response and the possible interactions between them in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cell viability was evaluated by MTT and Guava ViaCount assays. The subcellular localization of DVDMS and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were analyzed by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. FITC-phalloidin was used to evaluate the changes of F-actin filaments. Cell migration was analyzed by scratch assay and Transwell assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by nuclear TUNEL staining and Annexin V-PE/7-AAD assay. Jasplakinolide, an F-actin stabilizer, was applied to dissect the influences of F-actin filaments disruption on cell migration and apoptosis. RESULTS DVDMS-PDT significantly suppressed cell proliferation, promoted early apoptotic response, triggered collapse of F-actin filaments and inhibited cell migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. Cell migration significantly increased when cells were pretreated with F-actin stabilizer jasplakinolide after PDT, while cell apoptosis was not obviously affected. Moreover, ROS was a key factor in causing collapse of F-actin filaments. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that DVDMS-PDT triggered cell apoptosis and collapse of F-actin filaments through the induction of ROS in MDA-MB-231 cells. F-actin filaments contributed to cell migration but produced no obvious effect on cell apoptosis.
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