SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE USE OF NICOTINOPROTEIN ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE FOR THE COENZYME-FREE PRODUCTION OF ENANTIOPURE FINE-CHEMICALS

The remarkable Rhodococcus erythropolis

Rhodococcus erythropolis cells contain a large set of enzymes that allow them to carry out an enormous number of bioconversions and degradations. Oxidations, dehydrogenations, epoxidations, hydrolysis, hydroxylations, dehalogenations and desulfurisations have been reported to be performed by R. erythropolis cells or enzymes. This large array of enzymes fully justifies the prospective application of this bacterium in biotechnology.

A 'Fine' chemical industry for life science products: green solutions to chemical challenges

Modern biotechnology, in combination with chemistry and process technology, is crucial for the development of new clean and cost effective manufacturing concepts for fine-chemical, food specialty and pharmaceutical products. The impact of biocatalysis on the fine-chemicals industry is presented, where reduction of process development time, the number of reaction steps and the amount of waste generated per kg of end product are the main targets. Integration of biosynthesis and organic chemistry is seen as a key development. The advances in bioseparation technology need to keep pace with the rate of development of novel bio- or chemocatalytic process routes with revised demands on process technology. The need for novel integrated reactors is also presented. The necessary acceleration of process development and reduction of the time-to-market seem well possible, particularly by integrating high-speed experimental techniques and predictive modelling tools. This is crucial for the development of a more sustainable fine-chemicals industry. The evolution of novel 'green' production routes for semi-synthetic antibiotics (SSAs) that are replacing existing chemical processes serves as a recent and relevant case study of this ongoing integration of disciplines. We will also show some challenges in this specific field.