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Joachim L, Oettel V. Experimental Investigations on the Application of Natural Plant Fibers in Ultra-High-Performance Concrete. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3519. [PMID: 39063811 PMCID: PMC11278180 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to its high strength, the use of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is particularly suitable for components subjected to compressive loads. Combined with its excellent durability, UHPC can be used to produce highly resource-efficient components that represent a sustainable alternative to conventional load-bearing structures. Since UHPC fails in a brittle manner without the addition of fibers, it is typically used in conjunction with micro steel fibers. The production of these steel fibers is both expensive and energy-intensive. Natural plant fibers, due to their good mechanical properties, cost-effective availability, and inherent CO2 neutrality, can provide a sustainable alternative to conventional steel fibers. Thanks to the low alkaline environment and dense matrix of UHPC, the use of natural plant fibers in terms of durability and bond is possible in principle. For the application of natural plant fibers in UHPC, however, knowledge of the load-bearing and post-cracking behavior or the performance of UHPC reinforced with natural plant fibers is essential. Currently, there are no tests available on the influence of different types of natural plant fibers on the load-bearing behavior of UHPC. Therefore, five series of compression and bending tensile tests were conducted. Three series were reinforced with natural plant fibers (bamboo, coir, and flax), one series without fibers, and one series with steel fibers as a reference. Under compression loads, the test specimens reinforced with natural plant fibers did not fail abruptly and exhibited a comparable post-failure behavior and damage pattern to the reference specimens reinforced with steel fibers. In contrast, the natural plant fibers did not perform as well as the steel fibers under bending tensile stress but did show a certain post-cracking bending tensile strength. A final life cycle assessment demonstrates the superiority of natural plant fibers and shows their positive impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Oettel
- Institute of Concrete Construction, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
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Khan A, Sapuan SM, Siddiqui VU, Zainudin ES, Zuhri MYM, Harussani MM. A review of recent developments in kenaf fiber/polylactic acid composites research. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127119. [PMID: 37776930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Kenaf fiber has recently garnered exponential interest as reinforcement in composite materials across diverse industries owing to its superior mechanical attributes, ease of manufacture, and inherent biodegradability. In the discourse of this review, various methods of manufacturing kenaf/Polylactic acid (PLA) composites have been discussed meticulously, as delineated in recently published scientific literatures. This paper delves into the chemical modification of kenaf fiber, examining its consequential impact on tensile strength and thermal stability of the kenaf/PLA composites. Further, this review illuminates the role of innovative 3D printing techniques and fiber orientation in augmenting the mechanical robustness of the kenaf/PLA composites. Simultaneously, recent insightful explorations into the acoustic properties of the kenaf/PLA composites, underscoring their potential as sustainable alternative to conventional materials have been reviewed. Serving as a comprehensive repository of knowledge, this review paper holds immense value for researchers aiming to utilize the capabilities of kenaf fiber reinforced PLA composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Khan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER), Nayarhat, Savar, Dhaka 1350, Bangladesh
| | - S M Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 4300, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Vasi Uddin Siddiqui
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - E S Zainudin
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Y M Zuhri
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M M Harussani
- Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro 152-8552, Tokyo, Japan
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Rahman MS, Hasan MS, Nitai AS, Nam S, Karmakar AK, Ahsan MS, Shiddiky MJA, Ahmed MB. Recent Developments of Carboxymethyl Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1345. [PMID: 33924089 PMCID: PMC8074295 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is one of the most promising cellulose derivatives. Due to its characteristic surface properties, mechanical strength, tunable hydrophilicity, viscous properties, availability and abundance of raw materials, low-cost synthesis process, and likewise many contrasting aspects, it is now widely used in various advanced application fields, for example, food, paper, textile, and pharmaceutical industries, biomedical engineering, wastewater treatment, energy production, and storage energy production, and storage and so on. Many research articles have been reported on CMC, depending on their sources and application fields. Thus, a comprehensive and well-organized review is in great demand that can provide an up-to-date and in-depth review on CMC. Herein, this review aims to provide compact information of the synthesis to the advanced applications of this material in various fields. Finally, this article covers the insights of future CMC research that could guide researchers working in this prominent field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saifur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md. Saif Hasan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Ashis Sutradhar Nitai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Sunghyun Nam
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;
| | - Aneek Krishna Karmakar
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Md. Shameem Ahsan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (A.S.N.); (A.K.K.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science (ESC) and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia;
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
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Green Composites Made of Bamboo Fabric and Poly (Lactic) Acid for Packaging Applications-A Review. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9060435. [PMID: 28773558 PMCID: PMC5456759 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Petroleum based thermoplastics are widely used in a range of applications, particularly in packaging. However, their usage has resulted in soaring pollutant emissions. Thus, researchers have been driven to seek environmentally friendly alternative packaging materials which are recyclable as well as biodegradable. Due to the excellent mechanical properties of natural fibres, they have been extensively used to reinforce biopolymers to produce biodegradable composites. A detailed understanding of the properties of such composite materials is vital for assessing their applicability to various products. The present review discusses several functional properties related to packaging applications in order to explore the potential of bamboo fibre fabric-poly (lactic) acid composites for packaging applications. Physical properties, heat deflection temperature, impact resistance, recyclability and biodegradability are important functional properties of packaging materials. In this review, we will also comprehensively discuss the chronological events and applications of natural fibre biopolymer composites.
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Fu J, Fu L, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Wang H, Gao W. Xylanase- and cellulose-aided bioprocessing of bamboo. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk; Soochow University; Suzhou, Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Lina Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Xiaoman Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Weidong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education; Jiangnan University; Wuxi, Jiangsu P.R. China
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Abstract
Bamboo shaving is a by-product of bamboo industry, often be discarded or incinerated. In this work, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was prepared from pretreated bamboo shaving as raw material, while the main reaction conditions affecting product properties such as pretreated method, alkalization temperature and time, etherified temperature and time were studied. The results showed that the optimized pretreated conditions for bamboo cellulose were soaked in 15% NaOH at 1:8 (w/v) ratio of cellulose to solvent for 1 h at 95°C, The content of α-cellulose reach to 94.25%. The optimized reaction conditions for CMC synthesis were alkalified at 30°C for 70 min and etherified at 55°C for 90min; afterwards, temperature was kept at 70°C for 10min. Under these conditions, viscosity of 1% CMC aqueous solution was above 260 mPa·s, degree of substitution (DS)≥0.8, and content of chloride and moisture were less than 1.2 % and 10 % respectively.
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Zucca P, Rescigno A, Rinaldi AC, Sanjust E. Biomimetic metalloporphines and metalloporphyrins as potential tools for delignification: Molecular mechanisms and application perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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He J, Su L, Sun X, Fu J, Chen J, Wu J. A novel xylanase from Streptomyces sp. FA1: Purification, characterization, identification, and heterologous expression. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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