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Uinarni H, Oghenemaro EF, Menon SV, Hjazi A, Ibrahim FM, Kaur M, Zafarjonovna AZ, Deorari M, Jabir MS, Zwamel AH. Breaking Barriers: Nucleic Acid Aptamers in Gastrointestinal (GI) Cancers Therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01367-w. [PMID: 38916791 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Conventional cancer therapies can have significant adverse effects as they are not targeted to cancer cells and may damage healthy cells. Single-stranded oligonucleotides assembled in a particular architecture, known as aptamers, enable them to attach selectively to target areas. Usually, they are created by Systematic Evolution of Ligand by Exponential enrichment (SELEX), and they go through a rigorous pharmacological revision process to change their therapeutic half-life, affinity, and specificity. They could thus offer a viable substitute for antibodies in the targeted cancer treatment market. Although aptamers can be a better choice in some situations, antibodies are still appropriate for many other uses. The technique of delivering aptamers is simple and reasonable, and the time needed to manufacture them is relatively brief. Aptamers do not require animals or an immune response to be produced, in contrast to antibodies. When used as a medication, aptamers can directly suppress tumor cells. As an alternative, they can be included in systems for targeted drug delivery that administer medications specifically to tumor cells while reducing toxicity to healthy cells. The most recent and cutting-edge methods for treating gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer with aptamers will be covered in this review, with a focus on targeted therapy as a means of conquering resistance to traditional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herlina Uinarni
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Radiology department of Pantai Indah Kapuk Hospital Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Enwa Felix Oghenemaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Soumya V Menon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Magdi Ibrahim
- Assisstant professor, Community Health Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
- Lecturer, geriatric nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | | | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Department of applied sciences, University of technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical laboratory technique college, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical laboratory technique college, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical laboratory technique college, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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2
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Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA, Bratu BG, Glavan LA, Popa AA, Serban M, Ciurea AV. Intraventricular Subependymoma With Obstructive Hydrocephalus: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e52563. [PMID: 38371163 PMCID: PMC10870069 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Subependymomas are benign tumors of the ventricles that grow from the ventricular wall into the cerebrospinal fluid spaces within the brain, obstructing the flow of the cerebrospinal fluid and causing obstructive hydrocephalus. It is estimated that ependymomas represent between 0.2% and 0.7% of all intracranial tumors. They arise most frequently in the fourth ventricle (50-60%) and the lateral ventricles (30-40%). We present the case of a 50-year-old patient, previously diagnosed with an intraventricular process, admitted in our clinic. At neurological examination, the patient was cooperative, bradylalic, and bradypsychic, with right hemiparesis, postural and balance disorders, and occasionally sphincteric incontinence. MRI with contrast described a left intraventricular tumor, in the frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle with homogeneous appearance, with a maximum diameter of 50 mm and base of insertion at the adjacent ependyma of the foramen of Monro, which determined obstructive hydrocephalus. Total resection of the left intraventricular cerebral tumor was achieved. Histopathological analysis revealed a subependymoma. Postoperative recovery was slowly favorable, with significant neurological improvement. At neurological examination at three-month follow-up, the patient's right hemiparesis and unsystematized balance disorders improved. A contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed, highlighting left frontal sequelae hypodensity corresponding to the operated tumor, enlarged left lateral ventricle without active hydrocephalus, and no sign of tumor recurrence. At six-month follow-up, clinico-radiologic findings coincide with those from three-month follow-up. Subependymomas are slow-growing (grade 1) tumors and generally have a favorable prognosis. Unfortunately, due to their anatomical level, multiple complications can arise, caused from obstructive hydrocephalus complications, such as cognitive dysfunction and incontinence. Tumor resection should be complete, a successful operation being a challenge for every neurosurgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, Bucharest, ROU
| | | | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Andrei Adrian Popa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Matei Serban
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Alexandru Vladimir Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanador Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
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3
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Doherty MK, Shaw C, Woods L, Weimer BC. Alpha-Gal Bound Aptamer and Vancomycin Synergistically Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Infection In Vivo. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1776. [PMID: 37512948 PMCID: PMC10383818 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pervasive and persistent threat that requires the development of novel therapies or adjuvants for existing ones. Aptamers, small single-stranded oligonucleotides that form 3D structures and can bind to target molecules, provide one possible therapeutic route, especially when presented in combination with current antibiotic applications. BALB/c α-1, 3-galactosyltransferase (-/-) knockout (GTKO) mice were infected with MRSA via tail vein IV and subsequently treated with the αSA31 aptamer (n = 4), vancomycin (n = 12), or αSA31 plus vancomycin (n = 12), with split doses in the morning and evening. The heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys were harvested upon necropsy for histological and qPCR analysis. All mice treated with αSA31 alone died, whereas 5/12 mice treated with vancomycin alone and 7/12 mice treated with vancomycin plus αSA31 survived the course of the experiment. The treatment of MRSA-infected mice with Vancomycin and an adjuvant aptamer αSA31 reduced disease persistence and dispersion as compared to treatment with either vancomycin SA31 alone, indicating the combination of antibiotic and specifically targeted αSA31 aptamer could be a novel way to control MRSA infection. The data further indicate that aptamers may serve as a potential therapeutic option for other emerging antibiotic resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Doherty
- Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Claire Shaw
- Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Leslie Woods
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bart C Weimer
- Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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4
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Ivanov GS, Tribulovich VG, Pestov NB, David TI, Amoah AS, Korneenko TV, Barlev NA. Artificial genetic polymers against human pathologies. Biol Direct 2022; 17:39. [PMID: 36474260 PMCID: PMC9727881 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-022-00353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally discovered by Nielsen in 1991, peptide nucleic acids and other artificial genetic polymers have gained a lot of interest from the scientific community. Due to their unique biophysical features these artificial hybrid polymers are now being employed in various areas of theranostics (therapy and diagnostics). The current review provides an overview of their structure, principles of rational design, and biophysical features as well as highlights the areas of their successful implementation in biology and biomedicine. Finally, the review discusses the areas of improvement that would allow their use as a new class of therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb S Ivanov
- Institute of Cytology, Tikhoretsky Ave 4, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 194064
- St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University), Saint Petersburg, Russia, 190013
| | - Vyacheslav G Tribulovich
- St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University), Saint Petersburg, Russia, 190013
| | - Nikolay B Pestov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Moscow, Russia, 108819
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia, 141701
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia, 117997
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia, 119121б
| | - Temitope I David
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia, 141701
| | - Abdul-Saleem Amoah
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia, 141701
| | - Tatyana V Korneenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - Nikolai A Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Tikhoretsky Ave 4, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 194064.
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia, 119121б.
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
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5
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Pourmadadi M, Rahmani E, Shamsabadipour A, Mahtabian S, Ahmadi M, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Role of Iron Oxide (Fe 2O 3) Nanocomposites in Advanced Biomedical Applications: A State-of-the-Art Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3873. [PMID: 36364649 PMCID: PMC9653814 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have demonstrated a wide range of applications and recently, novel biomedical studies are devoted to improving the functionality and effectivity of traditional and unmodified systems, either drug carriers and common scaffolds for tissue engineering or advanced hydrogels for wound healing purposes. In this regard, metal oxide nanoparticles show great potential as versatile tools in biomedical science. In particular, iron oxide nanoparticles with different shape and sizes hold outstanding physiochemical characteristics, such as high specific area and porous structure that make them idoneous nanomaterials to be used in diverse aspects of medicine and biological systems. Moreover, due to the high thermal stability and mechanical strength of Fe2O3, they have been combined with several polymers and employed for various nano-treatments for specific human diseases. This review is focused on summarizing the applications of Fe2O3-based nanocomposites in the biomedical field, including nanocarriers for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Additionally, their structure, magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and toxicity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Erfan Rahmani
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Amin Shamsabadipour
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Shima Mahtabian
- Department of Materials Engineering, Shahreza Bramch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Isfahan 61349-37333, Iran
| | - Mohammadjavad Ahmadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Pourmadadi M, Ahmadi MJ, Dinani HS, Ajalli N, Dorkoosh F. Theranostic applications of stimulus-responsive systems based on Fe2O3. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:90-112. [PMID: 35142274 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220210105113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
According to the interaction of nanoparticles with biological systems, enthusiasm for nanotechnology in biomedical applications has been developed in the past decades. Fe2O3 nanoparticles, as the most stable iron oxide, have special merits that make them useful widely for detecting diseases, therapy, drug delivery, and monitoring the therapeutic process. This review presents the fabrication methods of Fe2O3-based materials and their photocatalytic and magnetic properties. Then, we highlight the application of Fe2O3-based nanoparticles in diagnosis and imaging, different therapy methods, and finally, stimulus-responsive systems, such as pH-responsive, magnetic-responsive, redox-responsive, and enzyme-responsive, with an emphasis on cancer treatment. In addition, the potential of Fe2O3 to combine diagnosis and therapy within a single particle called theranostic agent will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ahmadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Narges Ajalli
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Dorkoosh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biomaterial Research Center (MBR), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Chitosan-based nanodelivery systems for cancer therapy: Recent advances. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118464. [PMID: 34420724 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer is one of the most prominent issues related to human health since it causes more than one-tenth of death cases throughout the world. On the other hand, routine therapeutic approaches in cancer suppression such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, etc. due to their undesirable therapeutic outputs, including low efficiency in cancer inhibition, non-targeted drug delivery, nonselective distribution, and enormous side effects, have been indicated inefficient potency in cancer therapy or at least its growth inhibition. As a result, the development of novel and practical therapeutic methods such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems can be outstandingly beneficial in cancer suppression. Among various nanoparticles used in the delivery of bioactive to the tumor site, chitosan (CS) nanoparticles have received high attention. CS, poly [β-(1-4)-linked-2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose], is a natural linear amino polysaccharide derived from chitin which is made of irregularly distributed d-glucosamine and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine units. CS nanoparticles owing to their appropriate aspects, including nanometric size, great drug loading efficacy, ease of manipulation, non-toxicity, excellent availability and biocompatibility, good serum stability, long-term circulation time, suitable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics, non-immunogenicity, and enhanced drug solubility in the human body, have been designated as an efficient candidate for drug delivery systems. They can be involved in both passive (based on the enhanced permeability and retention effect cancer targeting) and active (receptor-mediated or stimuli-responsive cancer targeting) drug delivery systems for potential cancer therapy. This review presents the properties, preparation, modification, and numerous pharmaceutical applications of CS-based drug nanodelivery systems in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer.
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8
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Devi S, Sharma N, Ahmed T, Huma ZI, Kour S, Sahoo B, Singh AK, Macesic N, Lee SJ, Gupta MK. Aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in animals: Current potential and challenges. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5081-5093. [PMID: 34466086 PMCID: PMC8381015 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast and precise diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious animal diseases and their targeted treatments are of utmost importance for their clinical management. The existing biochemical, serological and molecular methods of disease diagnosis need improvement in their specificity, sensitivity and cost and, are generally not amenable for being used as points-of-care (POC) device. Further, with dramatic changes in environment and farm management practices, one should also arm ourselves and prepare for emerging and re-emerging animal diseases such as cancer, prion diseases, COVID-19, influenza etc. Aptamer – oligonucleotide or short peptides that can specifically bind to target molecules – have increasingly become popular in developing biosensors for sensitive detection of analytes, pathogens (bacteria, virus, fungus, prions), drug residues, toxins and, cancerous cells. They have also been proven successful in the cellular delivery of drugs and targeted therapy of infectious diseases and physiological disorders. However, the in vivo application of aptamer-mediated biosensing and therapy in animals has been limited. This paper reviews the existing reports on the application of aptamer-based biosensors and targeted therapy in animals. It also dissects the various modifications to aptamers that were found to be successful in in vivo application of the aptamers in diagnostics and therapeutics. Finally, it also highlights major challenges and future directions in the application of aptamers in the field of veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Devi
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
- Corresponding author at: Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181102, India.
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Zul I. Huma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Savleen Kour
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Experimental Animal Facility, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, U.P., India
| | - Nino Macesic
- Clinic for Reproduction and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sung Jin Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
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9
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Moitra P, Misra SK, Kumar K, Kondaiah P, Tran P, Duan W, Bhattacharya S. Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Gene Delivery Mediated by Aptamer-Decorated pH-Sensitive Nanoliposomes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2508-2519. [PMID: 33871960 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A new pH-responsive cationic co-liposomal formulation was prepared in this study using the twin version of the amphiphile palmitoyl homocysteine, TPHC; natural zwitterionic lipid, DOPE; and cholesterol-based twin cationic lipid, C5C, at specified molar ratios. This co-liposome was further decorated with a newly designed fluorescently tagged, cholesterol-tethered EpCAM-targeting RNA aptamer for targeted gene delivery. This aptamer-guided nanoliposomal formulation, C5C/DOPE/TPHC at 8:24:1 molar ratio, could efficiently transport the genes in response to low pH of cellular endosomes selectively to the EpCAM overexpressing cancer stem cells. This particular observation was extended using siRNA against GFP to validate their transfection capabilities in response to EpCAM expression. Overall, the aptamer-guided nanoliposomal formulation was found to be an excellent transfectant for in vitro siRNA gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility III, University of Maryland Baltimore, 670 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Phuong Tran
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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10
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Ziółkowski R, Jarczewska M, Górski Ł, Malinowska E. From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:724. [PMID: 33494499 PMCID: PMC7866209 DOI: 10.3390/s21030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the current state of art as well as on future trends in electrochemical aptasensors application in medical diagnostics. The origin of aptamers is presented along with the description of the process known as SELEX. This is followed by the description of the broad spectrum of aptamer-based sensors for the electrochemical detection of various diagnostically relevant analytes, including metal cations, abused drugs, neurotransmitters, cancer, cardiac and coagulation biomarkers, circulating tumor cells, and viruses. We described also possible future perspectives of aptasensors development. This concerns (i) the approaches to lowering the detection limit and improvement of the electrochemical aptasensors selectivity by application of the hybrid aptamer-antibody receptor layers and/or nanomaterials; and (ii) electrochemical aptasensors integration with more advanced microfluidic devices as user-friendly medical instruments for medical diagnostic of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ziółkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Marta Jarczewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Łukasz Górski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Mashreghi M, Zamani P, Karimi M, Mehrabian A, Arabsalmani M, Zarqi J, Moosavian SA, Jaafari MR. Anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule RNA aptamer-conjugated liposomal doxorubicin as an efficient targeted therapy in mice bearing colon carcinoma tumor model. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3116. [PMID: 33369269 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the lack of selectivity and nonspecific biodistribution of drugs in the body, targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with aptamers is a very effective method. In this strategy, aptamers could be specifically identified and attach to targeted molecules on the cancerous cells and deliver the chemotherapeutic agents to desired tissue with minimal or no damage to the normal cells. In this study, we designed anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) RNA aptamer conjugated PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (ER-lip) to investigate its in vitro and in vivo anticancer abilities. Data showed that EpCAM aptamer was able to enhance cell uptake and cytotoxic effects of Dox in C26 cell line. The biodistribution study indicated that ER-lip enhanced the tumor accumulation of Dox compared to Caelyx. Also, double staining of isolated tumor cells with anti-CD44-PE-cy5 and anti-EpCAM Cy-7 antibodies indicated that tumor cells expressed a high level of EpCAM+ CD44+ cells (p ≤ .001) compared to cultured C26 cell line. in vivo results showed that ER-lip promoted survival and reduced tumor growth rate in animal model compared to Caelyx. In conclusion, these results suggested that the ER-lip could be served as promising formulation for the treatment of cancers with the high expression of EpCAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mashreghi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Karimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Mehrabian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Arabsalmani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Zarqi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Alia Moosavian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Khoshbin Z, Housaindokht MR, Izadyar M, Bozorgmehr MR, Verdian A. Recent advances in computational methods for biosensor design. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:555-578. [PMID: 33135778 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are analytical tools with a great application in healthcare, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. They are of considerable interest to be designed by using cost-effective and efficient approaches. Designing biosensors with improved functionality or application in new target detection has been converted to a fast-growing field of biomedicine and biotechnology branches. Experimental efforts have led to valuable successes in the field of biosensor design; however, some deficiencies restrict their utilization for this purpose. Computational design of biosensors is introduced as a promising key to eliminate the gap. A set of reliable structure prediction of the biosensor segments, their stability, and accurate descriptors of molecular interactions are required to computationally design biosensors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive insight into the progress of computational methods to guide the design and development of biosensors, including molecular dynamics simulation, quantum mechanics calculations, molecular docking, virtual screening, and a combination of them as the hybrid methodologies. By relying on the recent advances in the computational methods, an opportunity emerged for them to be complementary or an alternative to the experimental methods in the field of biosensor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoshbin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Izadyar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Asma Verdian
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Control, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Han J, Gao L, Wang J, Wang J. Application and development of aptamer in cancer: from clinical diagnosis to cancer therapy. J Cancer 2020; 11:6902-6915. [PMID: 33123281 PMCID: PMC7592013 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional anticancer therapies can cause serious side effects in clinical treatment due to their nonspecific of tumor cells. Aptamers, also termed as 'chemical antibodies', are short DNA or RNA oligonucleotides selected from the synthetic large random single-strand oligonucleotide library by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) to bind to lots of different targets, such as proteins or nucleic acid structures. Aptamers have good affinities and high specificity with target molecules, thus may be able to act as drugs themselves to directly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, or own great potentialities in the targeted drug delivery systems which can be used in tumor diagnosis and target specific tumor cells, thereby minimizing the toxicity to normal cells. Here we review the unique properties of aptamer represents a great opportunity when applied to the rapidly developing fields of biotechnology and discuss the recent developments in the use of aptamers as powerful tools for analytic, diagnostic and therapeutic applications for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000 China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000 China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000 China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Immunology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000 China
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14
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ZHAO LP, YANG G, ZHANG XM, QU F. Development of Aptamer Screening against Proteins and Its Applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Zhang R, Niu G, Lu Q, Huang X, Chau JHC, Kwok RTK, Yu X, Li MH, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Cancer cell discrimination and dynamic viability monitoring through wash-free bioimaging using AIEgens. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7676-7684. [PMID: 34094146 PMCID: PMC8159538 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01213k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell discrimination and cellular viability monitoring are closely related to human health. A universal and convenient fluorescence system with a dual function of wide-spectrum cancer cell discrimination and dynamic cellular viability monitoring is desperately needed, and is still extremely challenging. Herein we present a series of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) (denoted as IVP) which can allow accurate discrimination between cancer and normal cells and dynamic monitoring of cellular viability through mitochondria-nucleolus migration. By regulating the lengths and positions of alkyl chains in IVP molecules, we systematically studied the discrimination behavior of these AIEgens between cancer cells and normal cells and further investigated how they can migrate between the mitochondria and nucleolus based on the change of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m). Using IVP-02 as a model molecule, wash-free bioimaging, excellent two-photon properties, and low cytotoxicity were demonstrated. This present work proves that these designed IVP AIEgens show great potential for cancer identification and metastasis monitoring, as well as activity evaluation and screening of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Guangle Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Qing Lu
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Joe H C Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University Paris, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris 75005 Paris France
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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16
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Shen R, Tan J, Yuan Q. Chemically Modified Aptamers in Biological Analysis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2816-2826. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichen Shen
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Abstract
Oligonucleotide aptamers are a class of small-molecule ligands. Functionally similar to protein antibodies, aptamers can specifically bind to their targets with high affinity. Biomedical studies have revealed the potential clinical value of aptamer technology for disease diagnosis and targeted therapy. Lymphoma is a group of cancers originating from the lymphatic system. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary treatment for lymphoma, although it may cause serious side effects in patients due to lack of target specificity. Here, we selectively discuss the recent development of potential applications of aptamer technology for precision lymphoma therapy, which are able to not only achieve high therapeutic efficacy but also do not cause off-target side effects.
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18
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Bare Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Tunability for Biomedical, Sensing and Environmental Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9111608. [PMID: 31726776 PMCID: PMC6915624 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification is widely assumed as a mandatory prerequisite for the real applicability of iron oxide nanoparticles. This is aimed to endow prolonged stability, electrolyte and pH tolerance as well as a desired specific surface chemistry for further functionalization to these materials. Nevertheless, coating processes have negative consequences on the sustainability of nanomaterial production contributing to high costs, heavy environmental impact and difficult scalability. In this view, bare iron oxide nanoparticles (BIONs) are arousing an increasing interest and the properties and advantages of pristine surface chemistry of iron oxide are becoming popular among the scientific community. In the authors’ knowledge, rare efforts were dedicated to the use of BIONs in biomedicine, biotechnology, food industry and environmental remediation. Furthermore, literature lacks examples highlighting the potential of BIONs as platforms for the creation of more complex nanostructured architectures, and emerging properties achievable by the direct manipulation of pristine iron oxide surfaces have been little studied. Based on authors’ background on BIONs, the present review is aimed at providing hints on the future expansion of these nanomaterials emphasizing the opportunities achievable by tuning their pristine surfaces.
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19
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Hybrid silica-coated Gd-Zn-Cu-In-S/ZnS bimodal quantum dots as an epithelial cell adhesion molecule targeted drug delivery and imaging system. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Yan J, Xiong H, Cai S, Wen N, He Q, Liu Y, Peng D, Liu Z. Advances in aptamer screening technologies. Talanta 2019; 200:124-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Vandghanooni S, Eskandani M, Barar J, Omidi Y. Aptamedicine: a new treatment modality in personalized cancer therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 9:67-70. [PMID: 31334037 PMCID: PMC6637218 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2019.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers ( Aps ) are short single-strand nucleic acids exhibiting unique 3D structure which facilitate their targeting potential against various cancer molecular markers ( CMMs ). Such features of Aps not only make them as suitable homing agents in targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) but also candidate them as macromolecules that inhibit the interaction of the target ligand with other proteins. On the other hand, the conjugation of Aps with another therapeutic molecule such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs/miRNAs, Aps , toxins, chemotherapeutic agents, DNAzymes/Ribozymes provides hopeful strategy to eradicate the malignancies and overcome the off-target unwanted side effects. Such prominent features of Aps make them a promising treatment modality to overcome the tumor complexity and heterogeneity, which can be consequently applied for personalized therapy of cancer by using bispecific Ap-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vandghanooni
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Eskandani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Maimaitiyiming Y, Hong DF, Yang C, Naranmandura H. Novel insights into the role of aptamers in the fight against cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:797-810. [PMID: 30830295 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aptamers are a class of single-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) oligonucleotides that are screened in vitro by a technique called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). They have stable three-dimensional structures that can bind to various targets with high affinity and specificity. Due to distinct properties such as easy synthesis, high stability, small size, low toxicity and immunogenicity, they have been largely studied as anticancer agents/tools. Consequently, aptamers are starting to play important roles in disease prevention, diagnosis and therapy. This review focuses on studies that evaluated the effect of aptamers on various aspects of cancer therapy. It also provides novel and unique insights into the role of aptamers on the fight against cancer. METHODS We reviewed literatures about the role of aptamers against cancer from PUBMED databases in this article. RESULTS Here, we summarized the role of aptamers on the fight against cancer in a unique point of view. Meanwhile, we presented novel ideas such as aptamer-pool-drug conjugates for the treatment of refractory cancers. CONCLUSIONS Aptamers and antibodies should form a "coalition" against cancers to maximize their advantages and minimize disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - De Fei Hong
- The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Naranmandura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Ramezanpour M, Daei P, Tabarzad M, Khanaki K, Elmi A, Barati M. Preliminary study on the effect of nucleolin specific aptamer-miRNA let-7d chimera on Janus kinase-2 expression level and activity in gastric cancer (MKN-45) cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:207-215. [PMID: 30415442 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, much attention has been focused on the use of miRNAs in cancer treatment. The role of proto-oncogene Janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) in proliferation and survival of gastric cancer has been previously documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a chimera consisted of nucleolin specific aptamer (NCL-Apt) and miRNA let-7d on JAK2 expression level and activity in gastric cancer cells. NCL-Apt-miRNA let-7d chimera was prepared by two methods. Gastric cancer (MKN-45) cell line and control cell line of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) were treated with the chimera and the changes in JAK2 expression and activity were determined using real-time PCR and ELISA techniques, respectively. In MKN-45 cells, the chimera caused significant decrease in JAK2 expression level and activity compared to the aptamer alone and miRNA mimic negative control. Nevertheless, transfected miRNA let-7d showed remarkable reduction in the expression level of JAK2 in comparison with control state in both MKN-45 and HDF, confirmed unspecific effect of let-7d on normal and cancerous cells. With regard to the synergic effect of this chimera on JAK2 activity, it might be viewed as a therapeutic candidate in gastric cancer. However, further studies are warranted to prove it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ramezanpour
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Puyan Daei
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Korosh Khanaki
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Ali Elmi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Yang S, Li H, Xu L, Deng Z, Han W, Liu Y, Jiang W, Zu Y. Oligonucleotide Aptamer-Mediated Precision Therapy of Hematological Malignancies. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:164-175. [PMID: 30292138 PMCID: PMC6172475 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine has recently emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy because it not only specifically targets cancer cells but it also does not have adverse effects on normal cells. Oligonucleotide aptamers are a class of small molecule ligands that can specifically bind to their targets on cell surfaces with high affinity. Aptamers have great potential in precision cancer therapy due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. Therefore, aptamer technology has been widely investigated for biomedical and clinical applications. This review focuses on the potential applications of aptamer technology as a new tool for precision treatment of hematological malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanting Liu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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25
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Sekhon SS, Ahn G, Sekhon SS, Ahn JY, Kim YH. Bioengineered aptamer-nanoconjugates for cancer theragnosis. Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Zhou G, Latchoumanin O, Hebbard L, Duan W, Liddle C, George J, Qiao L. Aptamers as targeting ligands and therapeutic molecules for overcoming drug resistance in cancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018. [DOI: '10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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27
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Zhou G, Latchoumanin O, Hebbard L, Duan W, Liddle C, George J, Qiao L. Aptamers as targeting ligands and therapeutic molecules for overcoming drug resistance in cancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 134:107-121. [PMID: 29627370 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional anticancer therapies are often unable to completely eradicate the tumor bulk due to multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancers. A number of mechanisms such as micro-environmental stress and overexpression of drug efflux pumps are involved in the MDR process. Hence, therapeutic strategies for overcoming MDR are urgently needed to improve cancer treatment efficacy. Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides or peptides exhibiting unique three-dimensional structures and possess several unique advantages over conventional antibodies such as low immunogenicity and stronger tissue-penetration capacity. Aptamers targeting cancer-associated receptors have been explored to selectively deliver a therapeutic cargo (anticancer drugs, siRNAs, miRNAs and drug-carriers) to the intratumoral compartment where they can exert better tumor-killing effects. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the multiple regulatory mechanisms of MDR, with a particular emphasis on aptamer-mediated novel therapeutic agents and strategies that seek to reversing MDR. The challenges associated with aptamer-based agents and approaches are also discussed.
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28
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Vandghanooni S, Eskandani M, Barar J, Omidi Y. Bispecific therapeutic aptamers for targeted therapy of cancer: a review on cellular perspective. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:885-902. [PMID: 30056527 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers (Aps), as short single-strand nucleic acids, can bind to their corresponding molecular targets with the high affinity and specificity. In comparison with the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and peptides, unique physicochemical and biological characteristics of Aps make them excellent targeting agents for different types of cancer molecular markers (CMMs). Much attention has been paid to the Ap-based multifunctional chimeric and therapeutic systems, which provide promising outcomes in the targeted therapy of various formidable diseases, including malignancies. In the Ap-based chimeric systems, a targeting Ap is conjugated to another therapeutic molecule (e.g., siRNA/miRNA, Ap, toxins, chemotherapeutic agents, DNAzyme/ribozymes) with a capability of binding to a specific cell surface receptor at the desired target site. Having been engineered as multifunctional nanosystems (NSs), Ap-based hybrid scaffolds can be used to concurrently target multiple markers/pathways in cancerous cells, causing drastic inhibitory effects on the growth and the progression of tumor cells. Multi/bispecific Aps composed of two/more Aps provide a versatile tool for the optimal and active targeting of cell surface receptor(s) with markedly high affinity and avidity. Targeting the optimum activity of key receptors and dominant signaling pathways in the activation of immunity, the multi/bispecific Ap-based therapeutics can also be used to enhance the antitumor activity of the immune system. Further, the bispecific systems can be designed to induce cytotoxicity in a heterogeneous population of cancer cells with different CMMs. In this review, we provide some important insights into the construction and applications of the Ap-based chimeric NSs and discuss the multifunctional Ap chimera and their effects on the signaling pathways in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vandghanooni
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Eskandani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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29
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Targeting the polyadenylation factor EhCFIm25 with RNA aptamers controls survival in Entamoeba histolytica. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5720. [PMID: 29632392 PMCID: PMC5890266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Messenger RNA 3'-end polyadenylation is an important regulator of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. In our search for new ways of treating parasitic infectious diseases, we looked at whether or not alterations in polyadenylation might control the survival of Entamoeba histolytica (the agent of amoebiasis in humans). We used molecular biology and computational tools to characterize the mRNA cleavage factor EhCFIm25, which is essential for polyadenylation in E. histolytica. By using a strategy based on the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, we identified single-stranded RNA aptamers that target EhCFIm25. The results of RNA-protein binding assays showed that EhCFIm25 binds to the GUUG motif in vitro, which differs from the UGUA motif bound by the homologous human protein. Accordingly, docking experiments and molecular dynamic simulations confirmed that interaction with GUUG stabilizes EhCFIm25. Incubating E. histolytica trophozoites with selected aptamers inhibited parasite proliferation and rapidly led to cell death. Overall, our data indicate that targeting EhCFIm25 is an effective way of limiting the growth of E. histolytica in vitro. The present study is the first to have highlighted the potential value of RNA aptamers for controlling this human pathogen.
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Thapa RK, Choi JY, Gupta B, Ramasamy T, Poudel BK, Ku SK, Youn YS, Choi HG, Yong CS, Kim JO. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles encapsulating cisplatin and docetaxel combination for targeted therapy of breast cancer. Biomater Sci 2018; 4:1340-50. [PMID: 27412822 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death. A combination of anticancer agents can effectively kill cancer through multiple pathways; however, improvements to their delivery are needed. Hence, docetaxel and cisplatin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles with folic acid were prepared for effective and targeted anticancer therapy. Notably, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/cisplatin complexes in 0.9% NaCl solution were used for the prevention of possible aquation of cisplatin, which would otherwise lead to severe adverse effects. The optimized nanoparticles exhibited small particle size, high drug loading capacity (>90%), and controlled drug release profiles. In vitro cell cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that the optimized nanoparticles were taken up by folate receptor-expressing cells to a greater extent than non-folate expressing cells, which is attributable to folate-specific endocytosis of the optimized nanoparticles. Enhanced expression of apoptotic markers (Bax, p21, and cleaved caspase-3) along with enhanced anti-migration effects in MDA-MB-231 cells following treatment suggests that the optimized nanoparticles provide an effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer. These results were further supported by in vivo findings obtained for a MDA-MB-231 tumor xenograft model. Altogether, the optimized nanoparticles may potentially be developed as an effective treatment modality for folate-targeted metastatic breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Thapa
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Ju Yeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Biki Gupta
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Thiruganesh Ramasamy
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Bijay Kumar Poudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 712-702, South Korea
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- School of Pharmacy, SunKyunKwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Han Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea.
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Castillo RR, Baeza A, Vallet-Regí M. Recent applications of the combination of mesoporous silica nanoparticles with nucleic acids: development of bioresponsive devices, carriers and sensors. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:353-377. [PMID: 28105473 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00872k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and control of the biological roles mediated by nucleic acids have turned them into a powerful tool for the development of advanced biotechnological materials. Such is the importance of these gene-keeping biomacromolecules that even nanomaterials have succumbed to the claimed benefits of DNA and RNA. Currently, there could be found in the literature a practically intractable number of examples reporting the use of combination of nanoparticles with nucleic acids, so boundaries are demanded. Following this premise, this review will only cover the most recent and powerful strategies developed to exploit the possibilities of nucleic acids as biotechnological materials when in combination with mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The extensive research done on nucleic acids has significantly incremented the technological possibilities for those biomacromolecules, which could be employed in many different applications, where substrate or sequence recognition or modulation of biological pathways due to its coding role in living cells are the most promising. In the present review, the chosen counterpart, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, also with unique properties, became a reference material for drug delivery and biomedical applications due to their high biocompatibility and porous structure suitable for hosting and delivering small molecules. Although most of the reviews dealt with significant advances in the use of nucleic acid and mesoporous silica nanoparticles in biotechnological applications, a rational classification of these new generation hybrid materials is still uncovered. In this review, there will be covered promising strategies for the development of living cell and biological sensors, DNA-based molecular gates with targeting, transfection or silencing properties, which could provide a significant advance in current nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Castillo
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
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Aptamer-based Targeted Delivery of miRNA let-7d to Gastric Cancer Cells as a Novel Anti-Tumor Therapeutic Agent. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:1537-1549. [PMID: 30568710 PMCID: PMC6269583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs as one of the potential therapeutic agents have been recently considered for cancer treatment. AS1411 (aptNCL) is a DNA aptamer specifically binding to nucleolin protein on the cancer cell surface with antiproliferative effect. The aim of the study was to develop a conjugate consisting of aptNCL (as targeted delivery of therapeutic agent) and miRNA let-7d (as a tumor suppressor) using two different linking methods and also to evaluate the potential effect of the conjugates on the proliferation of gastric cancer (MKN-45) cell line compared to negative control cell line of human dermal fibroblast (HDF). Conjugation was performed covalently by SM (PEG)2 as a bifunctional crosslinker (conjugate-1) and noncovalently, using 19bp complementary sticky end sequences (conjugate-2). Nucleolin positive MKN-45 and nucleolin negative HDF cells were cultured and treated with the conjugates. Then, the changes in let-7d expression and cell proliferation were determined using Real-time PCR and MTT methods, respectively. In MKN-45 cells, the conjugates caused significant increase in let7-d uptake compared with HDF cells (P = 0.0001). The conjugate-1, likely due to its higher stability compared with the conjugate-2, led to significantly more increase in intracellular let-7d in MKN-45 cells (30 fold versus 15 fold, respectively, P = 0.0001). The conjugates revealed more potent antiproliferative effect against gastric cancer cells compared with aptNCL alone (P = 0.0001). It was found that the aptNCL-let-7d conjugate efficiently carried let-7d into the cancer cells. Also, it appears that in the setting of aptNCL-let-7d conjugate, let-7d and aptNCL moieties could cooperate and synergistically exhibit the antiproliferative effect on cancer cells.
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Zhang Y, Lyons V, Pappas D. Fundamentals of affinity cell separations. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:732-741. [PMID: 28960354 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell separations using affinity methods continue to be an enabling science for a wide variety of applications. In this review, we discuss the fundamental aspects of affinity separation, including the competing forces for cell capture and elution, cell-surface interactions, and models for cell adhesion. Factors affecting separation performance such as bond affinity, contact area, and temperature are presented. We also discuss and demonstrate the effects of nonspecific binding on separation performance. Metrics for evaluating cell separations are presented, along with methods of comparing separation techniques for cell isolation using affinity capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Veronica Lyons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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de Almeida CEB, Alves LN, Rocha HF, Cabral-Neto JB, Missailidis S. Aptamer delivery of siRNA, radiopharmaceutics and chemotherapy agents in cancer. Int J Pharm 2017; 525:334-342. [PMID: 28373101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are oligonucleotide reagents with high affinity and specificity, which among other therapeutic and diagnostic applications have the capability of acting as delivery agents. Thus, aptamers are capable of carrying small molecules, nanoparticles, radiopharmaceuticals or fluorescent agents as well as nucleic acid therapeutics specifically to their target cells. In most cases, the molecules may possess interesting therapeutic properties, but their lack of specificity for a particular cell type, or ability to internalise in such a cell, hinders their clinical development, or cause unwanted side effects. Thus, chemotherapy or radiotherapy agents, famous for their side effects, can be coupled to aptamers for specific delivery. Equally, siRNA have great therapeutic potential and specificity, but one of their shortcomings remain the delivery and internalisation into cells. Various methodologies have been proposed to date, including aptamers, to resolve this problem. Therapeutic or imaging reagents benefit from the adaptability and ease of chemical manipulation of aptamers, their high affinity for the specific marker of a cell type, and their internalisation ability via cell mediated endocytosis. In this review paper, we explore the potential of the aptamers as delivery agents and offer an update on current status and latest advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E B de Almeida
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia, Divisão de Física Médica, Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende S/N., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Lais Nascimento Alves
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia, Divisão de Física Médica, Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende S/N., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Henrique F Rocha
- Laboratório de Anticorpos Monoclonais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Januário Bispo Cabral-Neto
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia, Divisão de Física Médica, Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende S/N., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 22783-127, Brazil; Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Brg. Trompowski-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21044-020, Brazil
| | - Sotiris Missailidis
- Laboratório de Anticorpos Monoclonais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
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Bayir E, Bilgi E, Urkmez AS. Implementation of Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1762-7.ch047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a wide group of diseases and generally characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of cells whose metabolic activities are disrupted. Conventionally, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are used in the treatment of cancer. However, in theory, even a single cancer cell may trigger recurrence. Therefore, these treatments cannot provide high survival rate for deadly types. Identification of alternative methods in treatment of cancers is inevitable because of adverse effects of conventional methods. In the last few decades, nanotechnology developed by scientists working in different disciplines—physics, chemistry, and biology—offers great opportunities. It is providing elimination of both circulating tumor cells and solid cancer cells by targeting cancer cells. In this chapter, inadequate parts of conventional treatment methods, nanoparticle types used in new treatment methods of cancer, and targeting methods of nanoparticles are summarized; furthermore, recommendations of future are provided.
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Rossetti M, Ranallo S, Idili A, Palleschi G, Porchetta A, Ricci F. Allosteric DNA nanoswitches for controlled release of a molecular cargo triggered by biological inputs. Chem Sci 2016; 8:914-920. [PMID: 28572901 PMCID: PMC5452262 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A rationally designed new class of DNA-based nanoswitches allosterically regulated by specific biological targets, antibodies and transcription factors, can load and release a molecular cargo in a controlled fashion.
Here we demonstrate the rational design of a new class of DNA-based nanoswitches which are allosterically regulated by specific biological targets, antibodies and transcription factors, and are able to load and release a molecular cargo (i.e. doxorubicin) in a controlled fashion. In our first model system we rationally designed a stem-loop DNA-nanoswitch that adopts two mutually exclusive conformations: a “Load” conformation containing a doxorubicin-intercalating domain and a “Release” conformation containing a duplex portion recognized by a specific transcription-factor (here Tata Binding Protein). The binding of the transcription factor pushes this conformational equilibrium towards the “Release” state thus leading to doxorubicin release from the nanoswitch. In our second model system we designed a similar stem-loop DNA-nanoswitch for which conformational change and subsequent doxorubicin release can be triggered by a specific antibody. Our approach augments the current tool kit of smart drug release mechanisms regulated by different biological inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rossetti
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
| | - Simona Ranallo
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
| | - Andrea Idili
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
| | - Giuseppe Palleschi
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
| | - Alessandro Porchetta
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Chemistry Department , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica , Rome 00133 , Italy . ;
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Benedetto G, Vestal CG, Richardson C. Aptamer-Functionalized Nanoparticles as "Smart Bombs": The Unrealized Potential for Personalized Medicine and Targeted Cancer Treatment. Target Oncol 2016; 10:467-85. [PMID: 25989948 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conventional delivery of chemotherapeutic agents leads to multiple systemic side effects and toxicity, limiting the doses that can be used. The development of targeted therapies to selectively deliver anti-cancer agents to tumor cells without damaging neighboring unaffected cells would lead to higher effective local doses and improved response rates. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind to target molecules with both high affinity and high specificity. The high specificity exhibited by aptamers promotes localization and uptake by specific cell populations, such as tumor cells, and their conjugation to anti-cancer drugs has been explored for targeted therapy. Advancements in the development of polymeric nanoparticles allow anti-cancer drugs to be encapsulated in protective nonreactive shells for controlled drug delivery with reduced toxicity. The conjugation of aptamers to nanoparticle-based therapeutics may further enhance direct targeting and personalized medicine. Here we present how the combinatorial use of aptamer and nanoparticle technologies has the potential to develop "smart bombs" for targeted cancer treatment, highlighting recent pre-clinical studies demonstrating efficacy for the direct targeting to particular tumor cell populations. However, despite these pre-clinical promising results, there has been little progress in moving this technology to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Benedetto
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - C Greer Vestal
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Christine Richardson
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Doxorubicin Conjugated to Immunomodulatory Anticancer Lactoferrin Displays Improved Cytotoxicity Overcoming Prostate Cancer Chemo resistance and Inhibits Tumour Development in TRAMP Mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32062. [PMID: 27576789 PMCID: PMC5005995 DOI: 10.1038/srep32062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced, metastatic, castration resistant and chemo-resistant prostate cancer has triggered change in the drug development landscape against prostate cancer. Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is currently attracting attention in clinics for its anti-cancer properties and proven safety profile. bLf internalises into cancer cells via receptor mediated endocytosis, boosts immunity and complements chemotherapy. We employed bLf as an excellent functional carrier protein for delivering doxorubicin (Dox) into DU145 cells, CD44+/EpCAM+ double positive enriched DU145 3D prostaspheres and drug resistant ADR1000-DU145 cells, thus circumventing Dox efflux, to overcome chemo-resistance. Successful bLf-Dox conjugation with iron free or iron saturated bLf forms did not affect the integrity and functionality of bLf and Dox. bLf-Dox internalised into DU145 cells within 6 h, enhanced nuclear Dox retention up to 24 h, and proved significantly effective (p < 0.001) in reducing LC50 value of Dox from 5.3 μM to 1.3 μM (4 fold). Orally fed iron saturated bLf-Dox inhibited tumour development, prolonged survival, reduced Dox induced general toxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity in TRAMP mice and upregulated serum levels of anti-cancer molecules TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL4 and CCL17. The study identifies promising potential of a novel and safer bLf-Dox conjugate containing a conventional cytotoxic drug along with bLf protein to target drug resistance.
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Aptamers: A Feasible Technology in Cancer Immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:1083738. [PMID: 27413756 PMCID: PMC4931050 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1083738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are single-chained RNA or DNA oligonucleotides (ODNs) with three-dimensional folding structures which allow them to bind to their targets with high specificity. Aptamers normally show affinities comparable to or higher than that of antibodies. They are chemically synthesized and therefore less expensive to manufacture and produce. A variety of aptamers described to date have been shown to be reliable in modulating immune responses against cancer by either blocking or activating immune receptors. Some of them have been conjugated to other molecules to target the immune system and reduce off-target side effects. Despite the success of first-line treatments against cancer, the elevated number of relapsing cases and the tremendous side effects shown by the commonly used agents hinder conventional treatments against cancer. The advantages provided by aptamers could enhance the therapeutic index of a given strategy and therefore enhance the antitumor effect. Here we recapitulate the provided benefits of aptamers with immunomodulatory activity described to date in cancer therapy and the benefits that aptamer-based immunotherapy could provide either alone or combined with first-line treatments in cancer therapy.
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Rodriguez P, Pérez-Morgado MI, Gonzalez VM, Martín ME, Nieto A. Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by DNA Aptamers Targeting a Cellular Component of Translation Initiation. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e308. [PMID: 27070300 PMCID: PMC5014521 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The genetic diversity of the influenza virus hinders the use of broad spectrum antiviral drugs and favors the appearance of resistant strains. Single-stranded DNA aptamers represent an innovative approach with potential application as antiviral compounds. The mRNAs of influenza virus possess a 5'cap structure and a 3'poly(A) tail that makes them structurally indistinguishable from cellular mRNAs. However, selective translation of viral mRNAs occurs in infected cells through a discriminatory mechanism, whereby viral polymerase and NS1 interact with components of the translation initiation complex, such as the eIF4GI and PABP1 proteins. We have studied the potential of two specific aptamers that recognize PABP1 (ApPABP7 and ApPABP11) to act as anti-influenza drugs. Both aptamers reduce viral genome expression and the production of infective influenza virus particles. The interaction of viral polymerase with the eIF4GI translation initiation factor is hindered by transfection of infected cells with both PABP1 aptamers, and ApPABP11 also inhibits the association of NS1 with PABP1 and eIF4GI. These results indicate that aptamers targeting the host factors that interact with viral proteins may potentially have a broad therapeutic spectrum, reducing the appearance of escape mutants and resistant subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Rodriguez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain
| | - M Isabel Pérez-Morgado
- Laboratory of aptamers, Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor M Gonzalez
- Laboratory of aptamers, Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Elena Martín
- Laboratory of aptamers, Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra, Colmenar Km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain. E-mail:
| | - Amelia Nieto
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, C.S.I.C., Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain. E-mail:
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Kanwar JR, Kamalapuram SK, Krishnakumar S, Kanwar RK. Multimodal iron oxide (Fe3O4)-saturated lactoferrin nanocapsules as nanotheranostics for real-time imaging and breast cancer therapy of claudin-low, triple-negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-). Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:249-68. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To unravel the multimodal nanotheranostic ability of Fe3O4-saturated bovine lactoferrin nanocapsules (FebLf NCs) in claudin-low, triple-negative breast cancer model. Materials & methods: Xenograft study was performed to examine biocompatibility, antitumor efficacy and multimodal nanotheranostic action in combination with near-infrared live mice imaging. Results: FebLf NCs exhibited a size range of 80 nm ± 5 nm with observed superparamagnetism. FebLf NCs successfully internalized into breast cancer cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and induced apoptosis through the downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis survivin and livin proteins. Investigations revealed a remarkable biocompatibility, anticancer efficacy of the FebLf NCs. Near-infrared imaging observations confirmed selective localization of multimodal FebLf NCs at the tumor site and lead to time-dependent reduction of tumor growth. Conclusion: FebLf NCs can be safe, biocompatible nanotheranostic approach for real-time imaging and monitoring the effect of drugs in real time and have potentials in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Sishir K Kamalapuram
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- L&T Ophthalmic Pathology Department, In charge Stem Cell Laboratory & Nano-biotechnology Laboratory Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rupinder K Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
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Chaudhary R, Roy K, Kanwar RK, Veedu RN, Krishnakumar S, Cheung CHA, Verma AK, Kanwar JR. E-Cadherin Aptamer-Conjugated Delivery of Doxorubicin for Targeted Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cells. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of the tremendous effort to develop an effective therapeutic approach to combat prostate cancer, target-specific therapy without adverse side effects on healthy tissues and cells is yet to be achieved. Triggered by this craving, we herein report the synthesis of algal chitosan nanoparticles containing DNA aptamer-targeting E-cadherin (Ecad01) using an ionotropic gelation method for target-specific delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) to inhibit prostate cancer cell (DU145) proliferation. The designed chimeric Ecad01-Dox conjugate exhibited excellent targeted internalization, which was evident from a 1.71-fold-increased internalization in DU145 cells, and showed significantly lower uptake (1.92-fold lower) in non-cancerous cells (RWPE-1). Moreover, cell viability assay results showed that 1.0 µM Dox in the Ecad01-Dox conjugate was able to show similar cytotoxicity to 10 µM Dox in DU145 cells, which is indicative of targeted cancer-specific inhibition. Our study clearly demonstrated that encapsulation of Ecad01-Dox conjugate in algal chitosan increased its cellular uptake to 58 % in 30 min, with reduced non-specific cytotoxicity and enhanced chemotherapeutic potential. This could be a simple and an effective targeted drug-delivery strategy that does not require chemical modification of the doxorubicin or the Ecad01 aptamer with potential in developing a therapeutic agent for prostate cancer.
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Arami H, Khandhar A, Liggitt D, Krishnan KM. In vivo delivery, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8576-607. [PMID: 26390044 PMCID: PMC4648695 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00541h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been extensively used during the last two decades, either as effective bio-imaging contrast agents or as carriers of biomolecules such as drugs, nucleic acids and peptides for controlled delivery to specific organs and tissues. Most of these novel applications require elaborate tuning of the physiochemical and surface properties of the IONPs. As new IONPs designs are envisioned, synergistic consideration of the body's innate biological barriers against the administered nanoparticles and the short and long-term side effects of the IONPs become even more essential. There are several important criteria (e.g. size and size-distribution, charge, coating molecules, and plasma protein adsorption) that can be effectively tuned to control the in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the IONPs. This paper reviews these crucial parameters, in light of biological barriers in the body, and the latest IONPs design strategies used to overcome them. A careful review of the long-term biodistribution and side effects of the IONPs in relation to nanoparticle design is also given. While the discussions presented in this review are specific to IONPs, some of the information can be readily applied to other nanoparticle systems, such as gold, silver, silica, calcium phosphates and various polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Arami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Amit Khandhar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Denny Liggitt
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Kannan M. Krishnan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
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Gijs M, Aerts A, Impens N, Baatout S, Luxen A. Aptamers as radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear imaging and therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:253-71. [PMID: 26746572 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Today, radiopharmaceuticals belong to the standard instrumentation of nuclear medicine, both in the context of diagnosis and therapy. The majority of radiopharmaceuticals consist of targeting biomolecules which are designed to interact with a disease-related molecular target. A plethora of targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals exists, including antibodies, antibody fragments, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids have some significant advantages relative to proteinaceous biomolecules in terms of size, production, modifications, possible targets and immunogenicity. In particular, aptamers (non-coding, synthetic, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides) are of interest because they can bind a molecular target with high affinity and specificity. At present, few aptamers have been investigated preclinically for imaging and therapeutic applications. In this review, we describe the use of aptamers as targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the chemical modifications which are needed to turn aptamers into valuable (radio-)pharmaceuticals, as well as the different radiolabeling strategies that can be used to radiolabel oligonucleotides and, in particular, aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Gijs
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium; Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Impens
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - André Luxen
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Subramanian N, Kanwar JR, Kanwar RK, Krishnakumar S. Targeting Cancer Cells Using LNA-Modified Aptamer-siRNA Chimeras. Nucleic Acid Ther 2015; 25:317-22. [PMID: 26334953 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2015.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are chimerized with drug or antisense oligos or nanoparticles to generate targeted therapeutics for cancer. Aptamer chimerized siRNA rescues nonspecific delivery and, thereby, enhances the availability of siRNA to target cells. EpCAM RNA aptamer (EpApt or Ep) has potential for siRNA chimerization due to its secondary structure. Stathmin and survivin proteins are reported to aid oncogenicity in retinoblastoma (RB), breast cancer and other cancers. Thus, chimerization of EpCAM Apt with siRNA against survivin and stathmin, respectively, was performed by incorporating Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) modification. The LNA-modified chimeric aptamers were stable until 96 h and got internalized into RB, WERI-Rb1 and breast cancer, MDAMB453 cell lines. The constructs were studied using the recombinant dicer enzyme for the siRNA generation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence by microscopic analysis of chimeras in vitro exhibited silencing of stathmin and survivin in the RB and breast cancer model. The chimeric constructs showed significant inhibition of cell proliferation of breast cancer cells. Thus, LNA-modified aptamer-based siRNA delivery aids in cell targeting and necessitates further studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Subramanian
- 1 Department of Nanobiotechnology, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .,2 Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre of Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jagat R Kanwar
- 2 Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre of Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rupinder K Kanwar
- 2 Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre of Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- 1 Department of Nanobiotechnology, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .,3 Department of L&T Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Maremanda NG, Roy K, Kanwar RK, Shyamsundar V, Ramshankar V, Krishnamurthy A, Krishnakumar S, Kanwar JR. Quick chip assay using locked nucleic acid modified epithelial cell adhesion molecule and nucleolin aptamers for the capture of circulating tumor cells. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:054110. [PMID: 26487896 PMCID: PMC4592436 DOI: 10.1063/1.4930983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in disease diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring of the therapeutic efficacy, and clinical decision making is immense and has attracted tremendous focus in the last decade. We designed and fabricated simple, flat channel microfluidic devices polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS based) functionalized with locked nucleic acid (LNA) modified aptamers (targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and nucleolin expression) for quick and efficient capture of CTCs and cancer cells. With optimized flow rates (10 μl/min), it was revealed that the aptamer modified devices offered reusability for up to six times while retaining optimal capture efficiency (>90%) and specificity. High capture sensitivity (92%) and specificity (100%) was observed in whole blood samples spiked with Caco-2 cells (10-100 cells/ml). Analysis of blood samples obtained from 25 head and neck cancer patients on the EpCAM LNA aptamer functionalized chip revealed that an average count of 5 ± 3 CTCs/ml of blood were captured from 22/25 samples (88%). EpCAM intracellular domain (EpICD) immunohistochemistry on 9 oral squamous cell carcinomas showed the EpICD positivity in the tumor cells, confirming the EpCAM expression in CTCs from head and neck cancers. These microfluidic devices also maintained viability for in vitro culture and characterization. Use of LNA modified aptamers provided added benefits in terms of cost effectiveness due to increased reusability and sustainability of the devices. Our results present a robust, quick, and efficient CTC capture platform with the use of simple PDMS based devices that are easy to fabricate at low cost and have an immense potential in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kislay Roy
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Rupinder K Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | | | - Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar
- Department of Preventive Oncology, (Research Division) Cancer Institute (WIA) , Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Arvind Krishnamurthy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA) , Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University , Geelong, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
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LNA aptamer based multi-modal, Fe3O4-saturated lactoferrin (Fe3O4-bLf) nanocarriers for triple positive (EpCAM, CD133, CD44) colon tumor targeting and NIR, MRI and CT imaging. Biomaterials 2015; 71:84-99. [PMID: 26318819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This is the first ever attempt to combine anti-cancer therapeutic effects of emerging anticancer biodrug bovine lactoferrin (bLf), and multimodal imaging efficacy of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) together, as a saturated Fe3O4-bLf. For cancer stem cell specific uptake of nanocapsules/nanocarriers (NCs), Fe3O4-bLf was encapsulated in alginate enclosed chitosan coated calcium phosphate (AEC-CP) NCs targeted (Tar) with locked nucleic acid (LNA) modified aptamers against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and nucleolin markers. The nanoformulation was fed orally to mice injected with triple positive (EpCAM, CD133, CD44) sorted colon cancer stem cells in the xenograft cancer stem cell mice model. The complete regression of tumor was observed in 70% of mice fed on non-targeted (NT) NCs, with 30% mice showing tumor recurrence after 30 days, while only 10% mice fed with Tar NCs showed tumor recurrence indicating a significantly higher survival rate. From tumor tissue analyses of 35 apoptotic markers, 55 angiogenesis markers, 40 cytokines, 15 stem cell markers and gene expression studies of important signaling molecules, it was revealed that the anti-cancer mechanism of Fe3O4-bLf was intervened through TRAIL, Fas, Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) mediated phosphorylation of p53, to induce activation of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC)/DIABLO (inhibiting survivin) and mitochondrial depolarization leading to release of cytochrome C. Induction of apoptosis was observed by inhibition of the Akt pathway and activation of cytokines released from monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells (interleukin (IL) 27, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC)). On the other hand, the recurrence of tumor in AEC-CP-Fe3O4-bLf NCs fed mice mainly occurred due to activation of alternative pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and Wnt signaling leading to an increase in expression of survivin, survivin splice variant (survivin 2B) and other anti-apoptotic proteins Bad, Bcl-2 and XIAP. Apart from the promising anti-cancer efficacy and the exceptional tumor targeting ability observed by multimodal imaging using near-infrared (NIR) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomographic (CT) techniques, these NCs also maintained the immunomodulatory benefits of bLf as they were able to increase the RBC, hemoglobin, iron calcium and zinc levels in mice.
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Fang Z, Wan LY, Chu LY, Zhang YQ, Wu JF. 'Smart' nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for applications in tumor therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1943-53. [PMID: 26193970 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the therapy of clinical diseases such as cancer, it is important to deliver drugs directly to tumor sites in order to maximize local drug concentration and reduce side effects. This objective may be realized by using 'smart' nanoparticles (NPs) as drug delivery systems, because they enable dramatic conformational changes in response to specific physical/chemical stimuli from the diseased cells for targeted and controlled drug release. AREAS COVERED In this review, we first briefly summarize the characteristics of 'smart' NPs as drug delivery systems in medical therapy, and then discuss their targeting transport, transmembrane and endosomal escape behaviors. Lastly, we focus on the applications of 'smart' NPs as drug delivery systems for tumor therapy. EXPERT OPINION Biodegradable 'smart' NPs have the potential to achieve maximum efficacy and drug availability at the desired sites, and reduce the harmful side effects for healthy tissues in tumor therapy. It is necessary to select appropriate NPs and modify their characteristics according to treatment strategies of tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Fang
- a 1 China Three Gorges University, Medical College , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China ;
| | - Lin-Yan Wan
- a 1 China Three Gorges University, Medical College , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China ; .,b 2 China Three Gorges University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Liang-Yin Chu
- c 3 Sichuan University, School of Chemical Engineering , Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.,d 4 Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomaterials Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Zhang
- a 1 China Three Gorges University, Medical College , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China ;
| | - Jiang-Feng Wu
- a 1 China Three Gorges University, Medical College , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China ; .,b 2 China Three Gorges University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy , Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
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Subramanian N, Kanwar JR, Kanwar RK, Sreemanthula J, Biswas J, Khetan V, Krishnakumar S. EpCAM Aptamer-siRNA Chimera Targets and Regress Epithelial Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132407. [PMID: 26176230 PMCID: PMC4503753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker is over expressed in epithelial cancers and in retinoblastoma (RB). We fabricated an EpCAM targeting aptamer-siRNA chimera and investigated its anti-tumor property and EpCAM intracellular domain (EpICD) mediated signaling in epithelial cancer. The anti-tumor efficacy of EpCAM aptamer-siEpCAM chimera (EpApt-siEp) was evaluated by qPCR, northern and Western blotting in WERI-Rb1- RB cell line, primary RB tumor cells and in MCF7- breast cancer cell line. Anti-tumor activity of EpApt-siEp was studied in vivo using epithelial cancer (MCF7) mice xenograft model. The mechanism and pathways involved in the anti-tumor activity was further studied using protein arrays and qPCR. EpApt-siEp chimera was processed in vitro by dicer enzyme. Treatment of the WERI-Rb1 and MCF7 cells with EpApt-siEp revealed statistically significant down regulation of EpCAM expression (P<0.005) and concomitant reduction in cellular proliferation. In primary RB cells cultured from RB tumors, EpApt-siEp silenced EpCAM, significantly inhibited (P<0.01) cell proliferation and induced cytotoxicity. Knockdown of EpICD expressed in RB primary tumors led to repression of pluripotency markers, SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, and CD133. In vivo studies showed complete tumor growth regression without any toxicity in animals (P<0.001) and tumor tissues showed significant downregulation (P<0.05) of EpCAM, MRP1, ABCG2, stathmin, survivin and upregulation of ATM (P<0.05) leading to apoptosis by intrinsic pathway with minor alteration in cytokines. Our results revealed that EpApt-siEp potentially eradicated EpCAM positive cancer cells through CSC marker suppression and apoptosis, while sparing normal EpCAM negative adjacent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Subramanian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria-3217, Australia
| | - Jagat R. Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria-3217, Australia
- * E-mail: (SK); (JK)
| | - Rupinder K. Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria-3217, Australia
| | - JagadeeshBabu Sreemanthula
- L & T Ocular Pathology department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
| | - Jyotirmay Biswas
- L & T Ocular Pathology department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
| | - Vikas Khetan
- Department of Ocular Oncology and Vitreoretina, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
- L & T Ocular Pathology department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
- * E-mail: (SK); (JK)
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50
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Shcherbinin DS, Gnedenko OV, Khmeleva SA, Usanov SA, Gilep AA, Yantsevich AV, Shkel TV, Yushkevich IV, Radko SP, Ivanov AS, Veselovsky AV, Archakov AI. Computer-aided design of aptamers for cytochrome p450. J Struct Biol 2015; 191:112-9. [PMID: 26166326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are short single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that can bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity. Usually, they are experimentally selected using the SELEX method. Here, we describe an approach toward the in silico selection of aptamers for proteins. This approach involves three steps: finding a potential binding site, designing the recognition and structural parts of the aptamers and evaluating the experimental affinity. Using this approach, a set of 15-mer aptamers for cytochrome P450 51A1 was designed using docking and molecular dynamics simulation. An experimental evaluation of the synthesized aptamers using SPR biosensor showed that these aptamers interact with cytochrome P450 51A1 with Kd values in the range of 10(-6)-10(-7) M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S Shcherbinin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia.
| | - Oksana V Gnedenko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Khmeleva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Sergey A Usanov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich str., 5/2, Minsk 220141, Belarus
| | - Andrei A Gilep
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich str., 5/2, Minsk 220141, Belarus
| | - Aliaksei V Yantsevich
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich str., 5/2, Minsk 220141, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana V Shkel
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich str., 5/2, Minsk 220141, Belarus
| | - Ivan V Yushkevich
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich str., 5/2, Minsk 220141, Belarus
| | - Sergey P Radko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Alexis S Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | | | - Alexander I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya str., 10, Moscow 119121, Russia
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