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Hassan AMIA, Zhao Y, Chen X, He C. Blockage of Autophagy for Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7459. [PMID: 39000565 PMCID: PMC11242824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer are increasing, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy face significant limitations due to therapeutic resistance. Autophagy, a cellular self-degradation mechanism, plays a crucial role in cancer development, drug resistance, and treatment. This review investigates the potential of autophagy inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for cancer. A systematic search was conducted on Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from 1967 to 2024 to identify studies on autophagy inhibitors and their mechanisms in cancer therapy. The review includes original articles utilizing in vitro and in vivo experimental methods, literature reviews, and clinical trials. Key terms used were "Autophagy", "Inhibitors", "Molecular mechanism", "Cancer therapy", and "Clinical trials". Autophagy inhibitors such as chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have shown promise in preclinical studies by inhibiting lysosomal acidification and preventing autophagosome degradation. Other inhibitors like wortmannin and SAR405 target specific components of the autophagy pathway. Combining these inhibitors with chemotherapy has demonstrated enhanced efficacy, making cancer cells more susceptible to cytotoxic agents. Clinical trials involving CQ and HCQ have shown encouraging results, although further investigation is needed to optimize their use in cancer therapy. Autophagy exhibits a dual role in cancer, functioning as both a survival mechanism and a cell death pathway. Targeting autophagy presents a viable strategy for cancer therapy, particularly when integrated with existing treatments. However, the complexity of autophagy regulation and the potential side effects necessitate further research to develop precise and context-specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China (X.C.)
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China (X.C.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China (X.C.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
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Guo Q, Li J, Mao J, Chen W, Yang M, Yang Y, Hua Y, Qiu L. Hollow MIL-125 Nanoparticles Loading Doxorubicin Prodrug and 3-Methyladenine for Reversal of Tumor Multidrug Resistance. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:546. [PMID: 37998115 PMCID: PMC10671911 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a key factor in chemotherapy failure and tumor recurrence. The inhibition of drug efflux and autophagy play important roles in MDR therapy. Herein, a multifunctional delivery system (HA-MIL-125@DVMA) was prepared for synergistically reverse tumor MDR. Tumor-targeted hollow MIL-125-Ti nanoparticles were used to load the doxorubicin-vitamin E succinate (DV) prodrug and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) to enhance reverse MDR effects. The pH-sensitive DV can kill tumor cells and inhibit P-gp-mediated drug efflux, and 3-MA can inhibit autophagy. HA-MIL-125@DVMA had uniformly distributed particle size and high drug-load content. The nanoparticles could effectively release the drugs into tumor microenvironment due to the rapid hydrazone bond-breaking under low pH conditions, resulting in a high cumulative release rate. In in vitro cellular experiments, the accumulation of HA-MIL-125@DVMA and HA-MIL-125@DV in MCF-7/ADR cells was significantly higher than that in the control groups. Moreover, the nanoparticles significantly inhibited drug efflux in the cells, ensuring the accumulation of the drugs in cell cytoplasm and causing drug-resistant cells' death. Importantly, HA-MIL-125@DVMA effectively inhibited tumor growth without changes in body weight in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, the combination of the acid-sensitive prodrug DV and autophagy inhibitor 3-MA in a HA-MIL-125 nanocarrier can enhance the antitumor effect and reverse tumor MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jing Mao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Weijun Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Meiyang Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuming Hua
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (J.M.); (W.C.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
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Lin R, Zhang L, Ye B, Wang Y, Li YD, Jason H, Liu W, Hu P, Chen J, Chen ZS, Chen Z. A multi-functional nano-system combining PI3K-110α/β inhibitor overcomes P-glycoprotein mediated MDR and improves anti-cancer efficiency. Cancer Lett 2023; 563:216181. [PMID: 37086953 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancers severely limit chemotherapeutic efficacy. We recently reported that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) 110α and 110β subunits can be novel targets for reversal of P-gp mediated MDR in cancers, and BAY-1082439 as an inhibitor specific for PI3K 110α and 110β subunits could reverse P-gp-mediated MDR by downregulating P-gp expression in cancer cells. However, BAY-1082439 has very low solubility, short half-life and high in-vivo clearance rate. Till now, nano-system with the functions to target PI3K P110α and P110β and reverse P-gp mediated MDR in cancers has not been reported. In our study, a tumor targeting drug delivery nano-system PBDF was established, which comprised doxorubicin (DOX) and BAY-1082439 respectively encapsulated by biodegradable PLGA-SH nanoparticles (NPs) that were grafted to gold nanorods (Au NRs) modified with FA-PEG-SH, to enhance the efficacy to reverse P-gp mediated MDR and to target tumor cells, further, to enhance the efficiency to inhibit MDR tumors overexpressing P-gp. In-vitro experiments indicated that PBDF NPs greatly enhanced uptake of DOX, improved the activity to reverse MDR, inhibited the cell proliferation, and induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis in KB-C2 cells, as compared with free DOX combining free BAY-1082439. In-vivo experiments further demonstrated that PBDF NPs improved the anti-tumor ability of DOX and inhibited development of KB-C2 tumors. Notably, the metastasis of KB-C2 cells in livers and lungs of nude mice were inhibited by treatment with PBDF NPs, which showed no obvious in-vitro or in-vivo toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Biwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yi-Dong Li
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Hsu Jason
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Wenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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Arif A, Khawar MB, Mehmood R, Abbasi MH, Sheikh N. Dichotomous role of autophagy in cancer. ASIAN BIOMED 2022; 16:111-120. [PMID: 37551378 PMCID: PMC10321184 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that plays physiological and pathological roles in a cell. Its effect on cellular metabolism, the proteome, and the number and quality of organelles, diversely holds the potential to alter cellular functions. It acts paradoxically in cancer as a tumor inhibitor as well as a tumor promoter. In the early stage of tumorigenesis, it prevents tumor initiation by the so-called "quality control mechanism" and suppresses cancer progression. For late-staged tumors that are exposed to stress, it acts as a vibrant process of degradation and recycling that promotes cancer by facilitating metastasis. Despite this dichotomy, the crucial role of autophagy is evident in cancer, and associated with mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR), p53, and Ras-derived major cancer networks. Irrespective of the controversy regarding autophagic manipulation, promotion and suppression of autophagy act as potential therapeutic targets in cancer treatment and may provide various anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Arif
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore54000, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal51750, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Mehmood
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore54000, Pakistan
| | - Muddasir Hassan Abbasi
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore54000, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara56130, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Sheikh
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore54000, Pakistan
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Kukal S, Guin D, Rawat C, Bora S, Mishra MK, Sharma P, Paul PR, Kanojia N, Grewal GK, Kukreti S, Saso L, Kukreti R. Multidrug efflux transporter ABCG2: expression and regulation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6887-6939. [PMID: 34586444 PMCID: PMC11072723 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporter G2 (ABCG2) was originally discovered in a multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell line. Studies in the past have expanded the understanding of its role in physiology, disease pathology and drug resistance. With a widely distributed expression across different cell types, ABCG2 plays a central role in ATP-dependent efflux of a vast range of endogenous and exogenous molecules, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis and providing tissue protection against xenobiotic insults. However, ABCG2 expression is subjected to alterations under various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, infection, tissue injury, disease pathology and in response to xenobiotics and endobiotics. These changes may interfere with the bioavailability of therapeutic substrate drugs conferring drug resistance and in certain cases worsen the pathophysiological state aggravating its severity. Considering the crucial role of ABCG2 in normal physiology, therapeutic interventions directly targeting the transporter function may produce serious side effects. Therefore, modulation of transporter regulation instead of inhibiting the transporter itself will allow subtle changes in ABCG2 activity. This requires a thorough comprehension of diverse factors and complex signaling pathways (Kinases, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic hedgehog) operating at multiple regulatory levels dictating ABCG2 expression and activity. This review features a background on the physiological role of transporter, factors that modulate ABCG2 levels and highlights various signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and genetic polymorphisms in ABCG2 regulation. This understanding will aid in identifying potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions to overcome ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) and to manage ABCG2-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Debleena Guin
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Chitra Rawat
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shivangi Bora
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Priya Sharma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Priyanka Rani Paul
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Grewal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144004, India
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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6
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Kumar P, Jagtap YA, Patwa SM, Kinger S, Dubey AR, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Poluri KM, Mishra A. Autophagy based cellular physiological strategies target oncogenic progression. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:258-277. [PMID: 34448206 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence accumulated from past findings indicates that defective proteostasis may contribute to risk factors for cancer generation. Irregular assembly of abnormal proteins catalyzes the disturbance of cellular proteostasis and induces the ability of abnormal cellular proliferation. The autophagy mechanism plays a key role in the regular clearance of abnormal/poor lipids, proteins, and various cellular organelles. The results of functional and effective autophagy deliver normal cellular homeostasis, which establishes supportive metabolism and avoids unexpected tumorigenesis events. Still, the precise molecular mechanism of autophagy in tumor suppression has not been clear. How autophagy triggers selective or nonselective bulk degradation to dissipate tumor promotion under stress conditions is not clear. Under proteotoxic insults to knockdown the drive of tumorigenesis, it is critical for us to figure out the detailed molecular functions of autophagy in human cancers. The current article summarizes autophagy-based theragnostic strategies targeting various phases of tumorigenesis and suggests the preventive roles of autophagy against tumor progression. A better understanding of various molecular partners of autophagic flux will improve and innovate therapeutic approaches based on autophagic-susceptible effects against cellular oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Som Mohanlal Patwa
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Dong C, Wu J, Chen Y, Nie J, Chen C. Activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Causes Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:628690. [PMID: 33790792 PMCID: PMC8005514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.628690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chemotherapy, targeted therapy and endocrine therapy decrease rate of disease recurrence in most breast cancer patients, many patients exhibit acquired resistance. Hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is associated with drug resistance and cancer progression. Currently, a number of drugs targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR are being investigated in clinical trials by combining them with standard therapies to overcome acquired resistance in breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the critical role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in drug resistance, the development of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, and strategies to overcome acquired resistance to standard therapies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dong
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyun Nie
- Department of the Third Breast Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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8
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Mosca L, Ilari A, Fazi F, Assaraf YG, Colotti G. Taxanes in cancer treatment: Activity, chemoresistance and its overcoming. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 54:100742. [PMID: 33429249 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since 1984, when paclitaxel was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma, taxanes have been widely used as microtubule-targeting antitumor agents. However, their historic classification as antimitotics does not describe all their functions. Indeed, taxanes act in a complex manner, altering multiple cellular oncogenic processes including mitosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and ROS production. On the one hand, identification of the diverse effects of taxanes on oncogenic signaling pathways provides opportunities to apply these cytotoxic drugs in a more rational manner. On the other hand, this may facilitate the development of novel treatment modalities to surmount anticancer drug resistance. In the latter respect, chemoresistance remains a major impediment which limits the efficacy of antitumor chemotherapy. Taxanes have shown impact on key molecular mechanisms including disruption of mitotic spindle, mitosis slippage and inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, there is an emerging contribution of cellular processes including autophagy, oxidative stress, epigenetic alterations and microRNAs deregulation to the acquisition of taxane resistance. Hence, these two lines of findings are currently promoting a more rational and efficacious taxane application as well as development of novel molecular strategies to enhance the efficacy of taxane-based cancer treatment while overcoming drug resistance. This review provides a general and comprehensive picture on the use of taxanes in cancer treatment. In particular, we describe the history of application of taxanes in anticancer therapeutics, the synthesis of the different drugs belonging to this class of cytotoxic compounds, their features and the differences between them. We further dissect the molecular mechanisms of action of taxanes and the molecular basis underlying the onset of taxane resistance. We further delineate the possible modalities to overcome chemoresistance to taxanes, such as increasing drug solubility, delivery and pharmacokinetics, overcoming microtubule alterations or mitotic slippage, inhibiting drug efflux pumps or drug metabolism, targeting redox metabolism, immune response, and other cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Dept. Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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9
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Bo Q, Shen M, Xiao M, Liang J, Zhai Y, Zhu H, Jiang M, Wang F, Luo X, Sun X. 3-Methyladenine Alleviates Experimental Subretinal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Macrophages and M2 Polarization Through the PI3K/Akt Pathway. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:618-628. [PMID: 32552228 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effects of 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), on experimental subretinal fibrosis (SRF) in mice. Methods: The SRF mouse model was established by 532 nm laser photocoagulation at each fundus of mice on day 0. 3-MA was administered every 2 days from day 0 to 35. Immunofluorescence of choroidal flat mounts was performed to evaluate the size of SRF area, local macrophages, and polarization, respectively. Besides, Western blot analysis was carried out to assess the expression levels of macrophage polarization-related genes, Arg-1, Ym-1, and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2). Co-culture and migration experiments were used to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of 3-MA on fibroblasts. The gene knockout and Western blot analysis were used to explore the signal pathways related to macrophage polarization. Results: Compared with the control group, the 3-MA-treated group showed significantly less size of SRF area. 3-MA treatment reduced both circulating and local macrophages, and counteracted M2 polarization. Moreover, 3-MA inhibited fibroblast recruitment. Mechanistically, we proved that 3-MA inhibits macrophage M2 polarization by suppressing PI3K/Akt signal pathway rather than the PI3K-autophagy-related signal pathway. Conclusions: 3-MA exerts antifibrotic effects on experimental SRF by targeting circulating and local macrophages and M2 polarization, through PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These results support the potential use of 3-MA as a new therapeutic modality for SRF associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Bo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meichun Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Du X, Ma H, Yao J. Berberine Reverses Doxorubicin Resistance by Inhibiting Autophagy Through the PTEN/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1909-1919. [PMID: 32184626 PMCID: PMC7061433 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s241632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Berberine (BBR), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown effects on inhibiting cancer development. Autophagy-mediated resistance plays an important role in cancer progression; therefore, regulation of autophagy is a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, effects of BBR on autophagy-mediated resistance have not been reported. METHODS MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the doxorubicin (ADR)-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/ADR) were used for analyses. Western blotting was conducted to evaluate protein expression; MTT, colony formation, and EdU assays were conducted to assess cell proliferation; transmission electron microscopy was used to monitor autophagy levels; and a xenograft tumor model was established to assess the effects of BBR on reversing doxorubicin resistance. RESULTS We confirmed that BBR, recently identified as a suppressor of autophagy, inhibits autophagosome formation in MCF-7/ADR cells. Treatment with BBR blocked the accumulation of the autophagy-associated protein LC3II, resulting in cellular accumulation of p62, reduced cell proliferation, and reversal of doxorubicin resistance. Mechanistically, we found that BBR inhibited autophagy by modulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In vivo, our study showed that BBR exerts clear anti-tumor effects. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that BBR reverses doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy. This finding highlights the potential clinical application of BBR in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Du
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Ma
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Yao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430022, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Wang J, Yang DH, Yang Y, Wang JQ, Cai CY, Lei ZN, Teng QX, Wu ZX, Zhao L, Chen ZS. Overexpression of ABCB1 Transporter Confers Resistance to mTOR Inhibitor WYE-354 in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041387. [PMID: 32092870 PMCID: PMC7073023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpressing ABCB1 transporter is one of the key factors leading to multidrug resistance (MDR). Thus, many ABCB1 inhibitors have been found to be able to overcome ABCB1-mediated MDR. However, some inhibitors also work as a substrate of ABCB1, which indicates that in order to achieve an effective reversal dosage, a higher concentration is needed to overcome the pumped function of ABCB1, which may concurrently increase the toxicity. WYE-354 is an effective and specific mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor, which recently has been reported to reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR. In the current study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was carried out to determine the cell viability and reversal effect of WYE-354 in parental and drug-resistant cells. Drug accumulation was performed to examine the effect of WYE-354 on the cellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs. The ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) activity of the ABCB1 transporter in the presence or absence of WYE-354 was conducted in order to determine the impact of WYE-354 on ATP hydrolysis. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay were used to investigate the protein molecules related to MDR. In addition, the interaction between the WYE-354 and ABCB1 transporter was investigated via in silico analysis. We demonstrated that WYE-354 is a substrate of ABCB1, that the overexpression of the ABCB1 transporter decreases the efficacy of WYE-354, and that the resistant WYE-354 can be reversed by an ABCB1 inhibitor at a pharmacological achievable concentration. Furthermore, WYE-354 increased the intracellular accumulation of paclitaxel in the ABCB1-mediated MDR cell line, without affecting the corresponding parental cell line, which indicated that WYE-354 could compete with other chemotherapeutic drugs for the ABCB1 transporter substrate binding site. In addition, WYE-354 received a high score in the docking analysis, indicating a strong interaction between WYE-354 and the ABCB1 transporter. The results of the ATPase analysis showed that WYE-354 could stimulate ABCB1 ATPase activity. Treatment with WYE-354 did not affect the protein expression or subcellular localization of the ABCB1. This study provides evidence that WYE-354 is a substrate of the ABCB1 transporter, implicating that WYE-354 should be avoided for use in ABCB1-mediated MDR cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, China;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Chao-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, China;
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Z.-S.C.)
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (D.-H.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.-Q.W.); (C.-Y.C.); (Z.-N.L.); (Q.-X.T.); (Z.-X.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Z.-S.C.)
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12
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Zhang L, Li Y, Wang Q, Chen Z, Li X, Wu Z, Hu C, Liao D, Zhang W, Chen ZS. The PI3K subunits, P110α and P110β are potential targets for overcoming P-gp and BCRP-mediated MDR in cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:10. [PMID: 31952518 PMCID: PMC6966863 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PI3K/AKT is a vital signaling pathway in humans. Recently, several PI3K/AKT inhibitors were reported to have the ability to reverse cancer multidrug resistance (MDR); however, specific targets in the PI3K/AKT pathways and the mechanisms associated with MDR have not been found because many of the inhibitors have multiple targets within a large candidate protein pool. AKT activation is one presumed mechanism by which MDR develops during cancer treatment. METHODS The effects of inhibiting PI3K 110α and 110β by BAY-1082439 treatment and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout were examined to determine the possible functions of BAY-1082439 and the roles of PI3K 110α and 110β in the reversal of MDR that is mediated by the downregulation of P-gp and BCRP. Inhibition of AKT with GSK-2110183 showed that the downregulation of P-gp and BCRP is independent of generalized AKT inactivation. Immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, MTT, flow cytometry and JC-1 staining analyses were conducted to study the reversal of MDR that is mediated by P-gp and BCRP in cancer cells. An ATPase assay and a structural analysis were also used to analyze the potential mechanisms by which BAY-1082439 specifically targets PI3K 110α and 110β and nonspecifically influences P-gp and BCRP. RESULTS By inhibiting the activation of the PI3K 110α and 110β catalytic subunits through both the administration of BAY-1082439 and the CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of Pik3ca and Pik3cb, the ATP-binding cassette transporters P-gp/ABCB1 and BCRP/ABCG2 were downregulated, thereby reestablishing the drug sensitivity of human epidermoid carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) MDR cells. Inhibition of AKT did not reverse the MDR mediated by P-gp or BCRP. The ABC family proteins and AKT may play MDR-enhancing roles independently. CONCLUSIONS The reversal of the dual functions of ABC-transporter-mediated and AKT-activation-enhanced MDR through the inhibition or knockout of PI3K 110α or 110β promises to improve current strategies based on combined drug treatments to overcome MDR challenges.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yidong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Qianchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoxun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Chaohua Hu
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dan Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
- Key Laboratory of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Experimental Animal Models of Guangxi, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
- Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
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13
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Pérez-Hernández M, Arias A, Martínez-García D, Pérez-Tomás R, Quesada R, Soto-Cerrato V. Targeting Autophagy for Cancer Treatment and Tumor Chemosensitization. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1599. [PMID: 31635099 PMCID: PMC6826429 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a tightly regulated catabolic process that facilitates nutrient recycling from damaged organelles and other cellular components through lysosomal degradation. Deregulation of this process has been associated with the development of several pathophysiological processes, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer, autophagy has opposing roles, being either cytoprotective or cytotoxic. Thus, deciphering the role of autophagy in each tumor context is crucial. Moreover, autophagy has been shown to contribute to chemoresistance in some patients. In this regard, autophagy modulation has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment and chemosensitization of tumors, and has already demonstrated positive clinical results in patients. In this review, the dual role of autophagy during carcinogenesis is discussed and current therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting autophagy for the treatment of cancer, both under preclinical and clinical development, are presented. The use of autophagy modulators in combination therapies, in order to overcome drug resistance during cancer treatment, is also discussed as well as the potential challenges and limitations for the use of these novel therapeutic strategies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08905 Barcelona, Spain.
- Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alain Arias
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08905 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
- Research Group of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillán 3780000, Chile.
| | - David Martínez-García
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08905 Barcelona, Spain.
- Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08905 Barcelona, Spain.
- Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Vanessa Soto-Cerrato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08905 Barcelona, Spain.
- Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Lu ZN, Shi ZY, Dang YF, Cheng YN, Guan YH, Hao ZJ, Tian B, He HW, Guo XL. Pantoprazole pretreatment elevates sensitivity to vincristine in drug-resistant oral epidermoid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109478. [PMID: 31568987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with oral cancer. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), essentially H+-K+-ATPase inhibitors which are currently used in the treatment of acid related diseases, have demonstrated promising antitumor and chemo-sensitizing efficacy. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate whether pantoprazole (PPZ, one of PPIs) could increase the sensitivity of chemoresistant oral epidermoid carcinoma cells (KB/V) to vincristine (VCR) and elucidate the underlying action mechanism. Results showed that combination treatment of PPZ and VCR synergistically inhibited the proliferation of KB/V cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, administration of PPZ and VCR not only induce apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in KB/V cells but also suppress the migration and invasion of KB/V cells. The mechanism underlying synergistic anti-tumor effect of PPZ and VCR was related to the inhibition of the function and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the down-regulation of EGFR/MAPK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in KB/V cells. Additionally, we observed that PPZ treatment induced an increase in lysosomal pH and inhibited the activity of lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase in KB/V cells, which could functionally reduce the sequestration of VCR in lysosomes and sensitized KB/V cells to VCR. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PPZ could be included in new combined therapy of human oral cancer (especially on VCR-resistant therapy) together with VCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ning Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yi-Fan Dang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yan-Na Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yan-Hui Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hong-Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xiu-Li Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Drug Screening Unit Platform, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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15
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HOXB4 knockdown enhances the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel and cisplatin by downregulating ABC transporters in ovarian cancer cells. Gene 2018; 663:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Wang H, Li W, Xu J, Zhang T, Zuo D, Zhou Z, Lin B, Wang G, Wang Z, Sun W, Sun M, Chang S, Cai Z, Hua Y. NDRG1 inhibition sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to combretastatin A-4 through targeting autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3048. [PMID: 28906492 PMCID: PMC5636982 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), a tubulin-depolymerizing agent, shows promising antitumor efficacy and has been under several clinical trials in solid tumors for 10 years. Autophagy has an important pro-survival role in cancer therapy, thus targeting autophagy may improve the efficacy of antitumor agents. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a significant stress regulatory gene, which mediates cell survival and chemoresistance. Here we reported that CA-4 could induce cell-protective autophagy, and combination treatment of CA-4 and autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) exerted synergistic cytotoxic effect on human osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Meanwhile, CA-4 or CQ could increase the expression of NDRG1 independently. We further performed mechanistic study to explore how CA-4 and CQ regulate the expression of NDRG1. Using luciferase reporter assay, we found that CA-4 transcriptionally upregulated NDRG1 expression, whereas CQ triggered colocalization of NDRG1 and lysosome, which subsequently prevented lysosome-dependent degradation of NDRG1. Further, we showed that knockdown of NDRG1 caused the defect of lysosomal function, which accumulated LC3-positive autophagosomes by decreasing their fusion with lysosomes. Moreover, NDRG1 inhibition increased apoptosis in response to combination treatment with CA-4 and CQ. Taken together, our study revealed abrogation of NDRG1 expression sensitizes OS cells to CA-4 by suppression of autophagosome–lysosome fusion. These results provide clues for developing more effective cancer therapeutic strategies by the concomitant treatment with CA-4 and clinical available autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongqing Zuo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxiong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
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17
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Muthiah D, Callaghan R. Dual effects of the PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 on multidrug efflux pumps in resistant cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:127-137. [PMID: 28912036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ZSTK474 is a potent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor that reduces cell proliferation via G1-arrest. However, there is little information on the susceptibility of this anticancer drug to resistance conferred by the multidrug pumps P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and ABCG2. We have demonstrated that ZSTK474 generated cytotoxicity in cells over-expressing either pump with potency similar to that in drug sensitive cells. In addition, the co-administration of ZSTK474 with the cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs vinblastine and mitoxantrone caused a potentiated cytotoxic effect in both drug sensitive and efflux pump expressing cells. These observations suggest that ZSTK474 is unaffected by the presence of multidrug efflux pumps and may circumvent their activities. Indeed, ZSTK474 increased the cellular accumulation of calcein-AM and mitoxantrone in cells expressing ABCB1 and ABCG2, respectively. ZSTK474 treatment also resulted in reduced expression of both efflux pumps in multidrug resistant cancer cells. Measurement of ABCB1 or ABCG2 mRNA levels demonstrated that the reduction was not due to altered transcription. Similarly, inhibitor studies showed that the proteasomal degradation pathway for ABCB1 and the lysosomal route for ABCG2 degradation were unaffected by ZSTK474. Thus the mechanism underlying reduced ABCB1 and ABCG2 levels caused by ZSTK474 was due to a reduction in overall protein synthesis; a process influenced by the PI3K pathway. In summary, ZSTK474 is not susceptible to efflux by the resistance mediators ABCB1 and ABCG2. Moreover, it inhibits the drug transport function of the pumps and leads to a reduction in their cellular expression levels. Our observations demonstrate that ZSTK474 is a powerful anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Muthiah
- Division of Biomedical Science & Biochemistry, Research School of Biology and Medical School, The Australian National University, Building 134, Linnaeus Way, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Richard Callaghan
- Division of Biomedical Science & Biochemistry, Research School of Biology and Medical School, The Australian National University, Building 134, Linnaeus Way, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Zhang CY, Chen Q, Wu WS, Guo XD, Cai CZ, Zhang LJ. Synthesis and evaluation of cholesterol-grafted PEGylated peptides with pH-triggered property as novel drug carriers for cancer chemotherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 142:55-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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